Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23K—FODDER
  • A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
  • A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
  • A23K30/15—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging
  • A23K30/18—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging using microorganisms or enzymes
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23K—FODDER
  • A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23K—FODDER
  • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
  • A23K40/20—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by moulding, e.g. making cakes or briquettes
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23K—FODDER
  • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
  • A23K40/25—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by extrusion

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method fur producing fodder containing organic substance like lignocellulose, carbohydrates and/or proteins.
• Today animal fodder is preserved mainly by cooling and freezing, by chemicals, by removing of water and drying, or by biological oilostoring.
• the biological silo-storing does not show above-mentioned disadvantages.
• this preserving method also has problems, due to materials used, local circumstances and temperatures or arrangements.
• water separation in the connection of silo-storing may rise problems.
• the water separation is caused by two reasons, primarily.
• the stabilization is done on the basis of the raw materials of the fodder, while the bacteria are working continuously.
• the osmotic proscure makes some cells burst, letting the fluids separnts.
• the silo is stirred periodically, but this mixes up the possible putridity, e.g. mouldy parts, to the whole contents of the silo thus i ncreasing the dostroying.
• the norwegian patent publication 143 396 shows a method for preserving by adding lastic acid bacteris to the protein raw material so that the bacterial functions are preserving but not formontizing.
• the protein raw material may be stored in cold. Carbohydrates, fats and for nutritional physiology valuable additives may be added to the protain raw material. Finally, the mixture is pelletized.
• the fodder produced by the method described above does, however, not have quite satisfactory preservation qualities.
• the fodder is not suitable for use in higher temperatures; in the temperature of 20 - 30°c, already, the preserving has proved to be unsatisfactory.
• the object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned above.
• the object of the present invention is to present a new method for producing fodder that has the advantages of silo-stored fodder but is solid and can be handled and stored like dry fodder.
• the basic idea of the invention is that the organic substance is silostored with lactid acid, bacteria producing lactic acid, other bacteria for silo-storing etc., until the pH of the product is constant, generally between 4 - 6 , 5. Thereafter, stabilizing and moisture decreasing subsance is added to the silo-stored and stabilized product so that fermentizing is essentially stopped and moisture content decreases under 60 w-%. finally, the product is oither packed hermetically or dryed as bits or pieces.
• the product made by the method described has excellent preserving properties.
• the product packed like a sausage in a plastic film has been stored more than a year at room temperature without loosing palatability and quality.
• the product was stored as sausagelike pieces of ca 500 g without the plastic film covering, storing timesover a year has been reached at room temperature , the product with ⁇ out destroying.
• the method according to the invention thus makes it possible to produce fodder, e.g. for pets, fish, minks, domestic animals or whatsoever, which has preserving qualities highly superior to any presently known fodder.
• the organic substance used as the raw material can be of vegetable origin, including e.g. lignocellulose and carbohydrates, or animal substance consisting of fresh proteins, e.g. slaughter rests, poultry rests, fish and fish rests.
• the raw material used can even consist of a mixture of some or all the substances mentioned, in arbitrary mixing proportions.
• the fermentizing by aid or lactid acid bacteria occurs in the known manner and is not a part of this invention.
• the content or lactid acid bacteria when the silo-storing is finished is at least 10 3 /g, preferably 10 5 - 10 10 /g silo-stored product.
• Fermentizing is continued until pH of the silo-stored product stays constantly under 6, 5.
• the constant value depends primarily on the substance fermentized.
• lignocellulose material containing carbohydrates is fermentized, the pH stays constant at 5 - 6.
• the stabilizing substance added to the fermentized product is e.g. biogenic air dry powder, like seed flour 0 - 50 w-%, soya flour 0 - 50 w-%, fish powder 0 - 50 w-%, meat-bone-powder 0 - 50 w-%; moisture content e.g. under 40 w-%; the contents are counted from the whole amount of the added substance.
• biogenic air dry powder like seed flour 0 - 50 w-%, soya flour 0 - 50 w-%, fish powder 0 - 50 w-%, meat-bone-powder 0 - 50 w-%; moisture content e.g. under 40 w-%; the contents are counted from the whole amount of the added substance.
• the stabil izing substance is added to the silo-stored, fermentized product in the weight proportion 1:2 - 2:1, preferably as 1:1, counted from the total weight.
• the fermentized product includes, before adding the stabilizing substance, water e.g. as 50 - 90 w-%.
• the pH of the stabilizing substance is preferable over 6, e.g. ca 7.
• the pH of the final product is e.g, ca 4.5 - 7; for instance, dog food may have pH ca 6, cat food may have pH as low as 5.
• the final product may be packed like sausages into plastic film tubes of e.g. 0,01 - 0,5 mm polyethene or polypropene.
• the plastic film tube may be either air tight or perforated, in which case the product is allowed to dry within the scale.
• the package diameter may be ca 1 - 50 cm, e.q. 1 - 20 cm, usually ca 5 cm.
• the final product may even be given an arbitrary form , e.g. tube, cube, brick, ball, etc., with diameter ca 1 - 10 cm, proferably 5 cm, which may be stored in open opaco or in not bags etc. where air gets in contact with the product.
• the pieces of product then dry and, at the same time shrink.
• the final produet can even be pelletized by known methods, like extruders, collar-type pelletizer etc., the pellet diameter being 1 - 20 mm, preferably 5 - 10 mm.
• the fodder In connection with pelletizing the fodder may be dryed and some moiature decreasing agents can be added. Further, the pellets and/or granules may be coated with a hydrofobic cosling to ensure the solidity of the pellets/granules. The fodder pieces/pellets/granules may even be compressed when formed, to improve their preserving and/or other characteristics.
• Fxample 1 in a test fodder was produced by adding 100 kg wheat flour, 15 kg enzymized malt and 15 g lactic acid bacteria product, with 10 10 lactic acid bacteria/1 g product, to 1000 kg fish rests and fodder herring.
• the raw materials were mixed and then had the pH 7.0.
• the pH was 6 after 12 hours and constantly 4 after 4 days.
• 500 kg fish powder, 400 ky soya flour, 15 kg alga powder and 40 g vitamine product was added to the silo-stored product and the mixture was granulated by a known fodder extruder in the temperature of ca 40°C.
• the final granulated product contained ca 50% water, the prutein content being 15.7%.
• the fodder produced by the method of this invention contains 3,8%-units more proteins than acid treated granules and 1.7 %-unite more than granules made from the fresh fodder. Furthermore, the life-length of this product is longer; production does not cause acidic milieu pollution; bacterial risks are minor; the palatability of the fodder for animals is better; the lactic acid is favourable for animals; the protein chains hold together better by aid of the lactic acid, which gives a better life-length for the granules.
• the product was test-storad in plastic bags. No changes were observed after 3 months storing,
• a lactic acid subatrate was added to 1000 kg poultry rests and silo-stored in the temperature of 15oC during 3 days, whereafter the pH stayed constantly at ca 4.0.
• 600 kg soya flour and 400 kg oats flour was added and mixed.
• the product waa pressed by a sausage machine into tubes with diameter 6 cm; one half of the tubes being of polyethene film, another half of polyethene net with net size 5 mm.
• the plastic film packages were stored at room temperature (20°C) for over a year. No drawbacks in flavour or taste were observed.
• the net packages were stored for over a year in variable climate outdoors under a sholter at temperatures of + 20°C-- 20°C.
• the volume of the product decreased 10 - 20 %, turability was excellent, no drawbacks in flavour or taste were observed. Both products ware highly palatable for cats and dogs.
• Poultry rests were fermentized as in the example 2.
• 150 kg oats flour, 150 kg soya flour and 200 kg meat-bone powder was added.
• the product was packed as in example 2 in plastic film and plastic net; durability over 0.5 year without destroying.
• 500 kg fish rests were fermentized with lactic acid bacteria, temperature 15oc, after 3 days pH was constantly 4.0.
• 500 kg barley flour, 300 kg soya flour and 300 kg meat-bone powder was added, The product was pressed like sausages into 0,05 mm plastic film tube. Durability over 1 year, highly palatable for cats,

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8522929

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (4)

Citations (7)

• 1986
  • 1986-07-22 FI FI863009A patent/FI863009A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1987
  • 1987-07-21 WO PCT/FI1987/000096 patent/WO1988000439A1/en unknown
  • 1987-07-21 AU AU77857/87A patent/AU7785787A/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (7)

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