WO1985005447A1 - Dispositif pour mesurer une grandeur physique - Google Patents
Dispositif pour mesurer une grandeur physique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1985005447A1 WO1985005447A1 PCT/CH1985/000085 CH8500085W WO8505447A1 WO 1985005447 A1 WO1985005447 A1 WO 1985005447A1 CH 8500085 W CH8500085 W CH 8500085W WO 8505447 A1 WO8505447 A1 WO 8505447A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sensor element
- change
- light
- measuring
- temperature
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MGRRGKWPEVFJSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-(10-oxoanthracen-9-ylidene)anthracen-9-one Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C1=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C21 MGRRGKWPEVFJSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 claims description 2
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical class C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cellulose propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OCC1OC(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C1OC1C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(COC(=O)CC)O1 DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- -1 CoBr 2 Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006218 cellulose propionate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical class [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/12—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/268—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light using optical fibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
- G01N21/81—Indicating humidity
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for measuring a physical quantity according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a device for measuring a physical quantity according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a device is e.g. known from "Laser and Optoelectronics", No. 3/1983, pages 226 to 234.
- a temperature sensor is described which consists of an optical waveguide with atoms of rare earths doped therein, in particular neodymium and europium. The dopants can be excited to radiate luminescence by short-wave light, the intensity of which is temperature-dependent.
- Optical fibers doped with europium and neodymium also show temperature-dependent attenuation.
- two alternately pulsed LEDs are used, which emit at two different wavelengths.
- the light is divided between the undoped reference fiber and the doped fiber sensor via a fiber coupler and measured with two detectors.
- two LEDs of different wavelengths and forming the ratio you get a measurement that is independent of changes in the intensity of the LED.
- An example is a 5% neodymium-doped optical waveguide with a length of 15 cm. With the aforementioned temperature sensors, measurements between 50 ° C and 250 ° C with a resolution of 0.1 ° C are possible.
- the known measuring device has the major disadvantage that a complex technology is required to measure the physical quantity, here the temperature, and that the measuring range is limited to temperatures well above room temperature. In particular, measurements must either be carried out via luminescence or then two alternately pulsed LEDs with two different wavelengths are required in order to convert one to be able to carry out casual temperature measurement. Another major disadvantage is that the actual sensor is too long to be able to carry out measurements in places that are difficult to access and in a confined space. In addition, due to the measurement principle mentioned above, measurements of physical quantities other than temperature are not possible.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide, on the basis of a device for measuring a physical quantity of the aforementioned type, a simpler and more economical one, which is based on a measuring principle which is simultaneously suitable for many, very different physical quantities.
- the invention has the enormous advantage that several physical quantities can now be recorded using the same measuring principle, which enables the various sensors to be integrated in a very small space.
- This creates unprecedented possibilities for control problems, such as in the drying of bulk goods, for example animal feed, where only the detection of the relative humidity and the temperature on both the dried goods and the exhaust air results in optimal control of the drying system.
- a fully automatic, computer-controlled process line can also require the measurement of the moisture, temperature and bulk density of the wet material entering the dryer, whereby the measured values must be recorded at the same location.
- Another The measurement of the compressed air for the brakes of trucks represents a game. In order to achieve an optimal regulation of the compressed air, the simultaneous measurement of the relative humidity, the temperature and the pressure is absolutely necessary.
- the invention has made it easy to measure these sizes even in the smallest of spaces and in hard-to-reach places. Further advantages of the invention result from the following description. There, the invention is explained in more detail using an example shown in the drawing. It shows:
- Fig. 2 shows the absorption spectrum of CoCl 2 depending on the relative humidity.
- the 1 shows a basic arrangement of a measuring device. It consists of a light source 1, a light-emitting diode, a sensor element 2 and a photo element 3.
- the sensor element 2 is connected on one side to the light source 1 via an optical fiber 4, and on the other side to the photo element 3 via an optical fiber 4 ' , a photodiode or a phototransistor.
- the light source 1 is mounted on a base 5, the photo element 3 on a base 5 ', and connected via a cable 6 to a voltage supply or a signal amplifier.
- the light source 1 and the photo element 3 are coupled to the optical waveguides 4 and 4 'using a light-conducting paste 7.
- the light source 1 should emit monochromatic light of 650 nm and the photo element 3 should be particularly sensitive to this spectral range.
- moisture sensitive salts such as CoBr 2
- the associated sensor element 2 preferably consists of a cylindrical body made of a water vapor permeable and hydrophobic plastic which contains one of the salts mentioned above in crystal form.
- Another sensor element 2 consists of a cylindrical body made of a cellulose derivative such as cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate or cellulose acetate butyrate, in which one of the salts is dissolved.
- certain dyes are also sensitive to moisture and suitable for the measuring device described.
- the measuring method itself is based on the moisture-dependent color change of the salt.
- this color change is a consequence of the ligand exchange on the Co 2+ ion.
- the cobalt (II) ion is directly octahedral with the chloride.
- the cobalt chloride with the H 2 O-coordinated complex primarily absorbs shorter wavelengths, the color lies in the red spectral range. In the dry state, light of longer wavelengths in particular is absorbed, so that the crystal assumes the complementary color blue.
- the striking color transition is set, for example, at around 50 to 60% relative humidity.
- the water vapor concentration in the salt is reduced by the strongly hygroscopic salts such as LiCl and M gCl 2 -.
- the sensor element 2 can also be a film made of a water vapor-permeable and hydrophobic plastic such as propylene, or of a cellulose derivative such as paper, cellulose hydrate or cellophane, so that it can also be used at high temperatures (e.g. 200 ° C).
- a water vapor-permeable and hydrophobic plastic such as propylene
- a cellulose derivative such as paper, cellulose hydrate or cellophane
- I light intensity after absorption
- I o light intensity of the incident light
- c concentration of the salt, here of chloride-coordinated cobalt
- d thickness of the water vapor permeable body (film)
- A constant of the material properties of the body permeable to water vapor
- the constant A is also dependent on the wavelength of the incident light.
- a logarithmic amplifier is now connected downstream of the photoelectric element 3. This amplifier is built into the base 5 'of the photodiode 3 (Fig. 1).
- the light emitted by the light source 1 is pulse-modulated by means of a modulation circuit and converted into a DC voltage signal by a demodulation circuit after the photoelectric element 3. This ensures that the relative humidity is measured completely independently of the influence of stray light.
- thermochromism and piezochromism
- the dehydrodiathrone is excellent for the above measurement method to measure pressure or temperature.
- Thermochromism has generally been found in aromatically substituted ethylenes.
- the sensor element 2 itself consists of a heat-conducting or pressure-sensitive body in which the substances are contained.
- thermochromic substances are known from j. Amer. chem.Soc. 76 (1954), pages 4134 to 4136. Label list
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
Nouveau dispositif de mesure composé d'une source de lumière (1), d'un élément capteur (2) et d'un photoélément (3). Des guides d'ondes lumineuses (4, 4') amènent la lumière à l'élément capteur (2) et l'en éloignent. L'élément capteur (2) contient des éléments qui changent de couleur en fonction de la grandeur physique. Grâce à ce changement de couleur, il est possible de mesurer la modification de la grandeur physique. Comme ce principe de mesure vaut pour des grandeurs physiques très différentes, on peut fabriquer sans difficulté des capteurs intégrés permettant de détecter simultanément des données de mesure dans l'espace le plus réduit.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH254184A CH666752A5 (de) | 1984-05-24 | 1984-05-24 | Messgeraet zur bestimmung der relativen feuchte. |
CH254084A CH667533A5 (de) | 1984-05-24 | 1984-05-24 | Vorrichtung zur messung einer physikalischen groesse. |
CH2540/84-9 | 1984-05-24 | ||
CH2541/84-0 | 1984-05-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1985005447A1 true WO1985005447A1 (fr) | 1985-12-05 |
Family
ID=25690711
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CH1985/000085 WO1985005447A1 (fr) | 1984-05-24 | 1985-05-21 | Dispositif pour mesurer une grandeur physique |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0183734A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1985005447A1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1987005103A1 (fr) * | 1986-02-12 | 1987-08-27 | Soundek Oy | Thermometre ou dispositif d'alarme de temperature a fibres optiques |
EP0263805A2 (fr) * | 1986-10-10 | 1988-04-13 | AVL Medical Instruments AG | Capteur pour la détermination de concentrations de matières |
DE29607239U1 (de) * | 1996-04-23 | 1996-06-05 | J & M Analytische Mess- und Regeltechnik GmbH, 73431 Aalen | Kapillarhalter |
WO2002044712A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-01 | 2002-06-06 | Levosil S.P.A. | Indicateurs d'humidite en papier avec support colore |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1295920A (fr) * | 1970-01-27 | 1972-11-08 | ||
FR2436368A1 (fr) * | 1978-09-15 | 1980-04-11 | Asea Ab | Dispositif de mesure a fibres optiques |
GB2052731A (en) * | 1979-06-21 | 1981-01-28 | Spirig Ernst | Temperature responsive device |
JPS56112609A (en) * | 1980-02-11 | 1981-09-05 | Toshiba Corp | Measuring device for pressure and temperature |
JPS56112636A (en) * | 1980-02-12 | 1981-09-05 | Toshiba Corp | Optical humidity sensor |
GB2082765A (en) * | 1980-08-21 | 1982-03-10 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Optical/pressure switch |
DE3241261A1 (de) * | 1982-11-09 | 1984-05-10 | Rolf 6100 Darmstadt Neusel | Verfahren und anordnung zur feuchtemessung |
GB2129128A (en) * | 1982-10-28 | 1984-05-10 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Moisture detector |
-
1985
- 1985-05-21 EP EP19850902428 patent/EP0183734A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1985-05-21 WO PCT/CH1985/000085 patent/WO1985005447A1/fr unknown
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1295920A (fr) * | 1970-01-27 | 1972-11-08 | ||
FR2436368A1 (fr) * | 1978-09-15 | 1980-04-11 | Asea Ab | Dispositif de mesure a fibres optiques |
GB2052731A (en) * | 1979-06-21 | 1981-01-28 | Spirig Ernst | Temperature responsive device |
JPS56112609A (en) * | 1980-02-11 | 1981-09-05 | Toshiba Corp | Measuring device for pressure and temperature |
JPS56112636A (en) * | 1980-02-12 | 1981-09-05 | Toshiba Corp | Optical humidity sensor |
GB2082765A (en) * | 1980-08-21 | 1982-03-10 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Optical/pressure switch |
GB2129128A (en) * | 1982-10-28 | 1984-05-10 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Moisture detector |
DE3241261A1 (de) * | 1982-11-09 | 1984-05-10 | Rolf 6100 Darmstadt Neusel | Verfahren und anordnung zur feuchtemessung |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
Electronic Engineering, Vol. 55, No. 676, April 1983, London (GB) Short Notice: "Fibre Optic Temperature Gauge", see page 21 * |
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. MTT-30, No. 4, April 1982, K. KYUMA: "Fiber-Optic Instrument for Temperature Measurement" pages 522-525, see page 522, figure 1 * |
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Vol. 5, No. 185, 25 November 1981, page P-91 (857) & JP, A, 56112636 (Tokyo Shibaura Denki) 5 September 1981, see the whole article * |
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Vol. 5, No. 185, 25 November 1981, see page P-91, (857) & JP, A, 56112609 (Tokyo Shibaura Denki) 5 September 1981, see the whole article * |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1987005103A1 (fr) * | 1986-02-12 | 1987-08-27 | Soundek Oy | Thermometre ou dispositif d'alarme de temperature a fibres optiques |
US4906107A (en) * | 1986-02-12 | 1990-03-06 | Soundek Oy | Fibre-optic thermometer or temperature alarm device |
EP0263805A2 (fr) * | 1986-10-10 | 1988-04-13 | AVL Medical Instruments AG | Capteur pour la détermination de concentrations de matières |
EP0263805A3 (en) * | 1986-10-10 | 1989-04-19 | Avl Ag | Sensor element for ascertaining the concentrations of substances |
DE29607239U1 (de) * | 1996-04-23 | 1996-06-05 | J & M Analytische Mess- und Regeltechnik GmbH, 73431 Aalen | Kapillarhalter |
WO2002044712A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-01 | 2002-06-06 | Levosil S.P.A. | Indicateurs d'humidite en papier avec support colore |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0183734A1 (fr) | 1986-06-11 |
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Legal Events
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AK | Designated states |
Designated state(s): JP US |
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AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LU NL SE |