WO1985000396A1 - Prefabricated formwork elements intended to the building of walls, method and device related thereto - Google Patents

Prefabricated formwork elements intended to the building of walls, method and device related thereto Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1985000396A1
WO1985000396A1 PCT/FR1984/000169 FR8400169W WO8500396A1 WO 1985000396 A1 WO1985000396 A1 WO 1985000396A1 FR 8400169 W FR8400169 W FR 8400169W WO 8500396 A1 WO8500396 A1 WO 8500396A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
panels
post
posts
elements according
exterior
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1984/000169
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Philippe Durand
Original Assignee
Philippe Durand
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philippe Durand filed Critical Philippe Durand
Priority to BR8406972A priority Critical patent/BR8406972A/en
Priority to AT84902593T priority patent/ATE27632T1/en
Priority to DE8484902593T priority patent/DE3464078D1/en
Publication of WO1985000396A1 publication Critical patent/WO1985000396A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8635—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties attached to the inner faces of the forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2002/8688—Scaffoldings or removable supports therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of constructing external walls of concrete buildings, and to a device comprising prefabricated formwork elements for implementing the method.
  • the invention relates more precisely to prefabricated formwork elements, intended for the production of formwork for exterior walls of buildings, to a method of constructing at least one exterior wall of a concrete building and using such prefabricated elements, as well that a device for implementing the method and which comprises, in addition to the prefabricated formwork elements, and for each of some of these prefabricated elements, a device for positioning the corresponding element.
  • prefabricated formwork elements which comprise at least one pair of panels, one of which is an interior panel and the other of which is an exterior panel. , which are intended to be held parallel to one another, for example vertically, so as to delimit between them an intermediate space intended to be filled with concrete, by a three-dimensional metal structure for connection and for supporting the panels, each interior panel comprising, on the side of the intermediate space, a coating of a thermally insulating material and, on the side of the interior of the building, an interior coating plate, for example of plaster.
  • the thermally insulating coating of the interior panel consists of a plate of uniform thickness of polyurethane foam, while the exterior panel consists of a single sheet or formwork plate, recoverable or lost, the metal structure three-dimensional connection of the interior panel to the exterior panel consisting of substantially parallel rods
  • the invention aims at prefabricated formwork elements ensuring at the same time good thermal insulation of the concrete wall poured between these elements, as well as - both inside and outside the building, as well as good resistance to the pressure exerted by concrete against these elements.
  • Another object of the invention is to make prefabricated formwork elements which are simple and inexpensive to produce.
  • Another object of the invention is to produce prefabricated formwork elements which are adapted to a facilitated mid-position of a concrete reinforcement in the space intermediate between an interior panel and an exterior panel, as well as an easy adjustment of the position of the formwork elements, in particular of their verticality.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide prefabricated shuttering elements, some of which are intended to constitute, at least in part, but possibly also entirely, the framework of the building.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide an advantageous method of constructing exterior walls of concrete buildings, by using the prefabricated formwork elements according to the invention.
  • the subject of the invention is a device allowing a rapid, easy, economical and effective implementation of the method according to the invention, by ensuring not only the adjustment of the positioning and the holding in position of the prefabricated co rage elements, but also by simultaneously constituting the framework of a scaffolding mounted along the erected wall or walls and allowing the workforce to carry out the work in excellent conditions.
  • the prefabricated shuttering elements are characterized in that the outer panel of each pair of panels also includes, on the side of the intermediate space, a coating of a material thermally insulating and, on the outside of the building, an exterior cladding plate.
  • the structure also advantageously comprises posts intended to be placed between adjacent pairs of panels in positions inter ⁇ intermediaries between the inner panels and outer panels, and on which the panels are fixed removable m-way.
  • This embodiment therefore allows easy installation of both the interior panels and exterior panels, as well as the easy introduction, between two neighboring panels. Of a concrete iron frame put in place before the latter is poured.
  • each reinforcing element of a panel is a substantially horizontal stiffener, which can be provided with hooks for hooking the corresponding panel on two neighboring posts.
  • each post is hollow and has at least two flat faces which are each parallel to at least one face, facing the intermediate space, at least one panel removably attached to this post, each flat face of the post presenting lights intended for the hooking of the hooks of the corresponding panels.
  • the hooking slots of the hooks of the panels are, on each post, preferably grouped by pairs of lights distributed over the height of the post, in correspondence with the spacings of the stiffeners provided with hooks that comprise the corresponding panels, the two lights of each pair being located on either side of the median plane of the corresponding flat face of the post, to receive the hooks of two adjacent panels.
  • each planar face of a post which is turned towards at least one corresponding external panel also has at least one light substantially centered on the median plane of this planar face and intended for attachment to a pole positioning device.
  • each hollow post has, on its faces intended to be located in the intermediate space, concrete passage openings, so that each hollow post is intended to be embedded in the concrete
  • This advantageous embodiment makes it possible, as soon as the posts corresponding to the different exterior walls of a building are put in place and kept vertical, to lay the frame on the upper ends of the posts, then to lay the cover of the building, so to cover the site on which the concrete can then be poured in the intermediate spaces, while working under shelter.
  • each stiffener of the panels is constituted by a reinforcement section of T or L section, a wing of which extends in the face of the thermally insulating coating which is not rounded towards the space. intermediate, and the other wing of which extends in this thermally insulating covering, in the direction of the intermediate space, at least two of the stiffeners of each panel being provided, in the vicinity of each of their two ends, with a anchoring hook substantially perpendicular to the two wings of the stiffener, to which the hook is secured, and this hook has at least one part by which it is hooked to the corresponding post and which projects from the face of the insulating coating which is turned towards the intermediate space.
  • the different horizontal stiffeners of the same panel have variable spacings between them, these spacings gradually increasing from the base of the panels to their upper edge.
  • the exterior covering plate of these exterior panels is preferably made of a resin reinforced with a weft of fibers. with high mechanical resistance, such as glass fibers, while the thermally insulating coverings of interior and exterior panels can be made
  • the method according to the invention for constructing at least one exterior wall of a concrete building, using prefabricated formwork elements specific to the invention and as presented above, is characterized in that it consists:
  • the method is further characterized by the fact that after the placement of the posts on the layout of the elevated wall the verticality of the posts is adjusted, then the posts are immobilized in a vertical position.
  • the method according to the invention is further characterized in that it consists in carrying out on the slab, before the installation of the posts, studs for centering the posts, then in engaging each post by its base on a corresponding centering stud.
  • the device for implementing this method is characterized in that it comprises, in addition to the prefabricated formwork elements presented below and for each post, a device for positioning the corresponding post, this device positioning comprising at least one pole support stay, which removably attaches to the pole and is equipped with a mechanism for adjusting the verticality of the pole comprising at least one jack.
  • each forestay comprises at least one upright and at least one cross member, as well as an anchor hook to the corresponding post * , and according to a preferred embodiment, each forestay has a substantially rectangular structure, preferably braced.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partially broken away, of a device according to the invention, comprising prefabricated formwork elements, and spokes in place for the construction of an external vertical wall of a building,
  • FIG. 2 schematically represents a partial longitudinal section of FIG. 1, at the level of the attachment of panel stiffeners to a post,
  • FIG. 3 represents a schematic view in vertical section and from the side of the elements represented in FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows, partially in section and partially along a side elevation ⁇ a device for adjusting the position of a post, the type shown in Figure 1,
  • - Figure 5 shows schematically ent the positions of neighboring posts and the spacings of the stiffeners of the panels
  • - Figure 6 is a schematic representation of a longitudinal section of a wall after pouring and during setting of the concrete
  • the prefabricated shuttering elements comprise pairs of panels each consisting of an interior panel 1 and an exterior panel 2, which are arranged in a vertical position, parallel to one another. other, facing each other and separated by 5 an interspace 3, to 1'aide poles 4 metal ⁇ lic, hollow and of square cross section, arranged vertically on a base slab 5, and against which the interior 1 and exterior 2 panels are removably attached.
  • Each interior panel 1 of parallelepiped shape consists of an interior plaster covering 5, of a parallelepiped blo 7- 'uniform thickness, for example 8 cm thick, of polystyrene constituting a thermal insulator and of metal stiffeners and horizontal 8, extending 5 from one side edge to the other. of each panel 1 and embedded in. panel 1.
  • Each stiffener -8 is constituted by a length of T-profile, the upper wing 9 of the T extending vertically in the face of the block of polystyrene ⁇ 0 attached to the plaster-covered plate 5, and whose vertical wing 10 of the T extends horizontally in the polystyrene block 7 in directio of the intermediate space 3, as it is. shown in Figures 2 and 3.
  • each stiffener 8 is provided with an anchoring hook 11 formed of a metal element of substantially rectangular shape, therefore the width corresponds to the height of the wing 9 of the profile and whose ion ⁇ ueur is greater than the width of the wing 10 of the profile, and this metal element, which is perpendicular to the two wings 9 and 10 of the profile, is also integral with these two wings and extends from the wing 9 towards the intermediate space 3.
  • this metal element protrudes relative to the face of the block of expanded polystyrene which is turned towards the intermediate space 3.
  • a notch 13, formed in the end 12 and which opens in the lower edge of this gives element 11 the shape of the hook, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • Each exterior panel 2, also of parallelepiped shape and having the same length and the same width as the interior panels 1, consists of an exterior coating 14, made of a synthetic resin reinforced with a weft of glass fibers, a parallelepiped block 15 of uniform thickness, for example 8 cm thick, of polystyrene t identical to block 7 of the interior panels 1, and also constituting a thermal insulator, and also of metallic and horizontal stiffeners 8, identical to those of the panels interiors 1 and which will therefore not be described again.
  • Each hollow post 4 is a lightened post present in each of its two flat faces turned towards the adjacent intermediate spaces 3, wide openings 16, distributed over the height of the post 4, and in its two other faces, each post 4 has lights 17, for the passage of the ends 12 of the hooks 11.
  • FIG. 5 shows the positions occu ⁇ pated by the vertical axes V of the four neighboring posts 4, as well as by the horizontal axes H of the five stiffeners 8 that each of the panels 1 and 2 comprises, for example. which will be exerted on the panels 1 and 2 by the concrete poured into the intermediate spaces 3, which pressure is all the greater the closer we get to the base of the panels 1 and 2, the stiffeners 8 are embedded in the panels 1 and 2 with spacings which decrease from the upper edge of the panels towards their base.
  • the two slots 17 of each pair are located on either side of the vertical median plane of the corresponding face of the post 4, so that the hooks 11 of the neighboring ends of two stiffeners of the same level two adjacent interior 1 or exterior 2 panels can be hung each in one of the two slots 17 of the corresponding pair, so that the interior panels 1, on the one hand, and exterior on the other, can be attached to the posts 4 substantially end to end, with small longitudinal clearances 18 and on either side of the posts 4.
  • the longitudinal clearances 18 are filled at the interior 6 and exterior coverings 14 by coated joints such as 19 in FIG. 2.
  • each of the struts 20 comprises an external mount 21 and an internal upright 22, parallel to each other and perpendicular to a lower cross member 23 and to an upper cross member 24 which connect the two uprights 21 and 22 to each other.
  • This rectangular structure is braced by a strut 25 extending on a diagonal between the connection point of the external upright 21 to the upper cross member 24 and the connection corner of the internal upright 22 to the lower cross member 23.
  • the upright external 20 is more
  • the internal upright 22 and its two ends go beyond the connections to the crosspieces 23 and 24.
  • the external upright 21 is supported, by means of an adjustment cylinder 26, for example a mechanical screw jack, on a rigid and rectangular base 27 bearing on the ground for example.
  • the lower cross member 23 bears, by its internal end facing the corresponding post 4, against the lateral face of the base slab 5, by means of a second adjustment cylinder 28, which can also be a mechanical screw jack.
  • the internal end (facing the corresponding post 4) of the upper crosspiece 24 is shaped into an anchoring hook 29, similar to the hooks 11 of the dissectors 8 of the panels 1 and 2, and which hooks not in one of the slots 17, but in a vertical slot 30, centered substantially on the vertical median plane of the corresponding external planar surface of the post 4, and which is formed substantially in the middle of the height of the post 4,. which corresponds to the standard and normalized height of a storey, or in the upper half of this height.
  • the upper crosspieces 24, which are substantially horizonta ⁇ , can be covered with flat and rigid elements such as planks, in order to have a scaffolding, the frame of which is constituted by the props 20, and which is in a suitable position along the formwork thus produced.
  • the upper end 31 of the external uprights 21 of the struts 20 can be shaped as a nozzle in which or on which a railing or railing upright of the scaffolding can be fitted.
  • WIPO of light 17 for hanging the external panels 2 and the lights 30 for hanging the struts 20 are formed in the two adjacent external faces of a corner post, such as 4 ′, while they are formed in 1_unique_face exter -
  • reinforcing elements 33 of concrete iron which are kept in the suitable position by any suitable means.
  • Other reinforcing elements 34 can be introduced into the posts 4 and 4 ', like this
  • the props 20 can be removed from the posts 4 and 4 ′, which can constitute the framework of the building, and on which it is possible to mount, prior to the pouring of the concrete, the frame and the roofing of the building, in order to benefit from a sheltered site.
  • the hooks 11 and the stiffenings 8 of the panels 1, 2 are coated with concrete, so that these panels 1 and 2 are made integral in a manner inseparable from the posts 4 and 4 ′ and the concrete.
  • the polystyrene coverings provide excellent thermal insulation outside and inside the wall.
  • the expanded polystyrene coatings * panels 1 and 2 may be replaced by polyurethane foam, glass or the like.
  • the scaffolding 20 instead of being placed outside the wall to be constructed, can also be placed inside the wall, that is to say on the slab 5.
  • the panels 1 and 1B made of expanded polystyrene are spaced from each other by means of cubic studs 40 of expanded polys ⁇ tyrene fixed by gluing to parallel and vertical posts 41A- and 41B also in expanded polystyrene.
  • These posts 41A and 41B have a T-shaped section whose heel is turned respectively towards the interior and towards the outside of the wall.
  • the heel of these posts 41 and 41B retain the panels 1 and 1B.
  • the latter include for this purpose a. shoulder 42A, 42B which covers S r the entire height. heel of posts 41A, 41B.
  • holes 43 are provided which pass through the posts 41A and 41B as well as the studs 40.
  • holes 43 are introduced metal tubes. These holes 43 serve to fix a scaffolding similar to the scaffolding 20 shown in FIG. 1. This scaffolding keeps the walls vertical and contributes to the rigidity of the assembly.
  • the panels 1A and 1B have, on their face adjacent to the space 3 comprised between the panels, grooves 44 of vertical dovetail section. When the concrete is poured into space 3, this concrete enters the dovetail grooves 44, thus making the panels 1A and 1B integral with the concrete when the latter is hardened.
  • the formwork described above therefore consists entirely of elements of expanded polystyrene so that it provides a perfectly insulated wall outside and inside.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The prefabricated formwork elements comprise pairs of internal (1) and external (2) panels which are hooked by end hooks of stiffeners for those panels (1, 2) into slots (17) provided in intermediary and hollow uprights (4, 4'). Those uprights (4, 4') are positioned and held in place by stays (20) provided with a hook (29) anchored into a slot (30) of the uprights and by adjusting jacks (26, 28). The panels (1, 2) comprise respectively an internal and an external coating plate (6, 14) as well as a heat insulating coating (7, 15). Application to the building of concrete walls.

Description

"Eléments préfabriqués de coffrage destines a la réalisation de murs, procédé et dispositif s'y rapportant" "Prefabricated formwork elements for the production of walls, process and device relating thereto"
La présente invention concerne un procédé de cons¬ truction de murs extérieurs de bâtiments en béton, et ion dispositif comprenant des éléments préfabriqués de coffrage pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé. L'invention se rapporte plus précisément à des éléments préfabriqués de coffrage, destinés à la réalisation de coffrages de murs extérieurs de bâtiments, à un procédé de construction d'au moins un mur extérieur de bâtiment en béton et utilisant de tels éléments préfabriqués,ainsi qu'à- un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé et qui comprend, en plus des éléments préfabriqués de coffrage, et pour chacun de certains de ces éléments préfa¬ briqués ,un dispositif de positionnement de l'élément corres¬ pondant.The present invention relates to a method of constructing external walls of concrete buildings, and to a device comprising prefabricated formwork elements for implementing the method. The invention relates more precisely to prefabricated formwork elements, intended for the production of formwork for exterior walls of buildings, to a method of constructing at least one exterior wall of a concrete building and using such prefabricated elements, as well that a device for implementing the method and which comprises, in addition to the prefabricated formwork elements, and for each of some of these prefabricated elements, a device for positioning the corresponding element.
Afin de construire des murs extérieurs de bâtiment en béton, il est déjà connu d'utiliser des éléments préfabri¬ qués de coffrage qui comprennent au moins une paire de pan¬ neaux dont l'un est un panneau intérieur et l'autre un panneau extérieur, qui sont destinés à être maintenus parallè¬ lement l'un en regard de l'autre, par exemple verticalement, de manière à délimiter entre eux un espace intermédiaire destiné à être rempli de béton, par une structure métallique tridimen¬ sionnelle de liaison et de support des panneaux, chaque pannea intérieur comportant, du côté de l'espace intermédiaire, un revêtement en un matériau thermiquement isolant et, du côté de l'intérieur du bâtiment, une plaque de revêtement intérieur par exemple en plâtre.In order to construct exterior walls of a concrete building, it is already known to use prefabricated formwork elements which comprise at least one pair of panels, one of which is an interior panel and the other of which is an exterior panel. , which are intended to be held parallel to one another, for example vertically, so as to delimit between them an intermediate space intended to be filled with concrete, by a three-dimensional metal structure for connection and for supporting the panels, each interior panel comprising, on the side of the intermediate space, a coating of a thermally insulating material and, on the side of the interior of the building, an interior coating plate, for example of plaster.
Dans ces éléments connus, le revêtement thermique¬ ment isolant du panneau intérieur est constitué par une plaque d'épaisseur uniforme de mousse de polyuréthane, tandis que le panneau extérieur est constitué par une simple tôle ou plaque coffrante, récupérable ou perdue, la structure métallique tri¬ dimensionnelle de liaison du panneau intérieur au panneau extérieur étant constituée de tiges sensiblement parallèlesIn these known elements, the thermally insulating coating of the interior panel consists of a plate of uniform thickness of polyurethane foam, while the exterior panel consists of a single sheet or formwork plate, recoverable or lost, the metal structure three-dimensional connection of the interior panel to the exterior panel consisting of substantially parallel rods
OM y . IP et horizontales, accouplées par les bases de tiges en ϋ dont les extrémités sont retenues dans le panneau intérieur, les tiges parallèles et les bases des tiges en ϋ consti- tuant un treillis contre lequel la tôle ou plaque coffrante extérieure est fixée.OM y. IP and horizontal, coupled by the bases of rods in ϋ whose ends are retained in the interior panel, the parallel rods and the bases of the rods in ϋ constituting a trellis against which the sheet or external formwork plate is fixed.
Ces éléments connus présentent différents in¬ convénients, qui tiennen notamment aux faits que ces éléments ne permettent pas de réaliser l'isolation ther¬ mique extérieure du mur, que la préfabrication de tels éléments est coûteuse et longue en raison de la réalisation de la structure tridimensionnelle de liaison, que la pré¬ sence dans l'espace intermédiaire, des branches des tiges en ϋ qui assurent l'écartement entre les panneaux inté¬ rieurs et extérieurs empêche la mise en place d'une arma- ture d'une seule pièce,- en fer à béton, par exemple en treillis, entre un panneau intérieur et le panneau exté¬ rieur correspondant , que rien n'est prévu pour faciliter le réglage de la position, et en particulier de la ver¬ ticalité ou de l'inclinaison des éléments de coffrage , et enfin que ces éléments ne permettent pas de réaliser en une seule opération toute la hauteur du. mur étant donné qu'ils présentent une résistance médiocre à l'égard de la pression du béton.These known elements have different disadvantages, which relate in particular to the facts that these elements do not make it possible to provide external thermal insulation of the wall, that the prefabrication of such elements is costly and time-consuming due to the construction of the structure. three-dimensional connection, that the presence in the intermediate space, branches of the rods in ϋ which ensure the spacing between the interior and exterior panels prevents the establishment of a reinforcement in one piece , - in concrete iron, for example in trellis, between an interior panel and the corresponding exterior panel, that nothing is provided to facilitate the adjustment of the position, and in particular of the verticality or of the inclination of the shuttering elements, and finally that these elements do not allow the height of the whole to be produced in a single operation. wall as they have poor resistance to concrete pressure.
Par la présente invention, on se propose de remédier à ces différents inconvénients, et l'invention a pour but des éléments préfabriqués de coffrage assurant tout à la fois une bonne isolation thermique du mur de béton coulé entre ces éléments, aussi bien vis-à-vis de l'intérieur que de l'extérieur du bâtiment, ainsi qu'une bonne résistance à la pression exercée par le béton contre ces éléments.By the present invention, it is proposed to remedy these various drawbacks, and the invention aims at prefabricated formwork elements ensuring at the same time good thermal insulation of the concrete wall poured between these elements, as well as - both inside and outside the building, as well as good resistance to the pressure exerted by concrete against these elements.
L'invention a également pour but des éléments préfabriqués de coffrage qui sont d'une réalisation simple et peu coûteuse. un autre but de l'invention est de réaliser des éléments de coffrage préfabriqués qui sont adaptés à une mi en place facilitée d'une armature de fer à béton dans l'esp intermédiaire entre un panneau intérieur et un panneau ex¬ térieur, ainsi qu'à un réglage aisé de la position des éléments de coffrage, notamment de leur verticalité. Un autre but de 1'invention est de proposer des éléments de coffrage préfabriqués dont certains sont destinés à constituer, au moins en partie, mais, éventuellement, également en totalité, l'ossature du bâtiment.Another object of the invention is to make prefabricated formwork elements which are simple and inexpensive to produce. another object of the invention is to produce prefabricated formwork elements which are adapted to a facilitated mid-position of a concrete reinforcement in the space intermediate between an interior panel and an exterior panel, as well as an easy adjustment of the position of the formwork elements, in particular of their verticality. Another object of the invention is to provide prefabricated shuttering elements, some of which are intended to constitute, at least in part, but possibly also entirely, the framework of the building.
Un autre but encore de 1'invention est de proposer un procédé avantageux de construction de murs extérieurs de bâtiments en béton, par l'utilisation des éléments de coffrage préfabriqués selon l'invention.Yet another object of the invention is to provide an advantageous method of constructing exterior walls of concrete buildings, by using the prefabricated formwork elements according to the invention.
Enfin l'invention a pour objet un dispositif permet¬ tant une mise en oeuvre rapide, facile, économique et efficace du procédé selon l'invention, en assurant non seulement le réglage du positionnement et le maintien en position des éléments préfabriqués de co rage, mais également en consti¬ tuant simultanément l'ossature d'un échaffaudage monté le long du ou des murs érigés et permettant au personnel de main d'oeuvre d'exécuter les travaux dans d'excellentes conditions. A cet effet, les éléments préfabriqués de coffrage, du type présenté ci-dessus ,se caractérisent en ce que le pan¬ neau extérieur de chaque paire de panneaux comporte également, du côté de l'espace intermédiaire, un revêtement en un maté- riau thermiquement isolant et, du côté de l'extérieur du bâti ment, une plaque de revêtement extérieur.Finally, the subject of the invention is a device allowing a rapid, easy, economical and effective implementation of the method according to the invention, by ensuring not only the adjustment of the positioning and the holding in position of the prefabricated co rage elements, but also by simultaneously constituting the framework of a scaffolding mounted along the erected wall or walls and allowing the workforce to carry out the work in excellent conditions. For this purpose, the prefabricated shuttering elements, of the type presented above, are characterized in that the outer panel of each pair of panels also includes, on the side of the intermediate space, a coating of a material thermally insulating and, on the outside of the building, an exterior cladding plate.
Dans une telle réalisation, qui assure une bonne isolation thermique du mur de béton, ainsi qu'une bonne résistance des éléments de coffrage à la poussée exercée par le béton, la structure comporte également d'une manière avantageuse, des poteaux destinés à être disposés entre des paires adjacentes de panneaux, dans des positions inter¬ médiaires entre les panneaux intérieurs et les panneaux extérieurs, et sur lesquels les panneaux se fixent de m-anière amovible. Cette réalisation permet donc une mise en place aisée tant des panneaux intérieurs que des panneaux extérieurs, ainsi que l'introduction aisée, entre deux panneaux voisins .d'une armature en fer à béton mise en place avant la coulée de ce dernier.In such an embodiment, which provides good thermal insulation of the concrete wall, as well as good resistance of the formwork elements to the thrust exerted by the concrete, the structure also advantageously comprises posts intended to be placed between adjacent pairs of panels in positions inter ¬ intermediaries between the inner panels and outer panels, and on which the panels are fixed removable m-way. This embodiment therefore allows easy installation of both the interior panels and exterior panels, as well as the easy introduction, between two neighboring panels. Of a concrete iron frame put in place before the latter is poured.
Avantageusement, afin de faciliter l'assemblage des panneaux, chaque élément de renforcement d'un panneau est un raidisseur sensiblement horizontal, qui peut être muni de crochets d'accrochage du panneau correspondant sur deux poteaux voisins.Advantageously, in order to facilitate the assembly of the panels, each reinforcing element of a panel is a substantially horizontal stiffener, which can be provided with hooks for hooking the corresponding panel on two neighboring posts.
De préférence, chaque poteau est creux et présente au moins deux faces planes qui sont chacune parallèle à au moins une face, tournée.vers l'espace intermédiaire, d'au moin un panneau fixé de manière amovible à ce poteau, chaque face plane du poteau présentant des lumières destinées à l'accro¬ chage des crochets des panneaux correspondants.Preferably, each post is hollow and has at least two flat faces which are each parallel to at least one face, facing the intermediate space, at least one panel removably attached to this post, each flat face of the post presenting lights intended for the hooking of the hooks of the corresponding panels.
Afin de permettre un bon positionnement bout-à-bout des panneaux intérieurs, d'une part, et des panneaux exté¬ rieurs, d'autre part, les lumières d'accrochage des crochets des panneaux sont ,sur chaque poteau, de préférence groupées par paires de lumières réparties sur la hauteur du poteau, en correspondance avec les écartements des raidisseurs munis de crochets que comportent les panneaux correspondants, les deux lumières de chaque paire étant situées de part et d'autre du plan médian de la face plane correspondante du poteau, afin de recevoir les crochets de deux panneaux adjacents.In order to allow a good end-to-end positioning of the interior panels, on the one hand, and of the exterior panels, on the other hand, the hooking slots of the hooks of the panels are, on each post, preferably grouped by pairs of lights distributed over the height of the post, in correspondence with the spacings of the stiffeners provided with hooks that comprise the corresponding panels, the two lights of each pair being located on either side of the median plane of the corresponding flat face of the post, to receive the hooks of two adjacent panels.
De plus, selon un mode préféré de réalisation, chaque face plane d'un poteau qui est tournée vers au moins un panneau extérieur correspondant présente également au moin une lumière sensiblement centrée sur le plan médian de cette face plane et destinée à l'accrochage à un dispositif de positionnement du poteau.In addition, according to a preferred embodiment, each planar face of a post which is turned towards at least one corresponding external panel also has at least one light substantially centered on the median plane of this planar face and intended for attachment to a pole positioning device.
De préférence également, chaque poteau creux pré¬ sente, sur ses faces destinées à être situées dans l'espace intermédiaire, des ouvertures de passage du béton, de sorte que chaque poteau creux est destiné à être noyé dans le bétonPreferably also, each hollow post has, on its faces intended to be located in the intermediate space, concrete passage openings, so that each hollow post is intended to be embedded in the concrete
O et à participer à la constitution de l'ossature du bâtiment. Ce mode de réalisation avantageux permet, dès que les poteaux correspondants aux différents murs extérieurs d'un bâtiment sont mis en place et maintenus à la verticale, de poser la charpente sur les extrémités supérieures des poteaux, puis de poser la couverture du bâtiment, afin de couvrir ainsi le chantier sur lequel le béton peut ensuite être coulé dans les espaces intermédiaires, en travaillant sous abri.O and to participate in the constitution of the structure of the building. This advantageous embodiment makes it possible, as soon as the posts corresponding to the different exterior walls of a building are put in place and kept vertical, to lay the frame on the upper ends of the posts, then to lay the cover of the building, so to cover the site on which the concrete can then be poured in the intermediate spaces, while working under shelter.
Conformément à un exemple préférentiel de réalisa- tion, chaque raidisseur des panneaux est constitué par un profilé de renfort de section en T ou en L dont une aile s'étend dans la face du revêtement thermiquement isolant qui n'est pastournée vers l'espace intermédiaire, et dont l'autre aile s'étend dans ce revêtement thermiquement isolant, en direction de l'espace intermédiaire, deux au moins des raidis- seurs de chaque panneau étant munis, au voisinage de chacune de leurs deux extrémités, d'un crochet d'ancrage sensiblement perpendiculaire aux deux ailes du raidisseur, auxquelles le crochet est solidarisé ,et ce crochet présente au moins une partie par laquelle il est accroché au poteau correspondant et qui est en saillie par rapport à la face du revêtement isolant qui est tournée vers l'espace intermédiaire.In accordance with a preferred exemplary embodiment, each stiffener of the panels is constituted by a reinforcement section of T or L section, a wing of which extends in the face of the thermally insulating coating which is not rounded towards the space. intermediate, and the other wing of which extends in this thermally insulating covering, in the direction of the intermediate space, at least two of the stiffeners of each panel being provided, in the vicinity of each of their two ends, with a anchoring hook substantially perpendicular to the two wings of the stiffener, to which the hook is secured, and this hook has at least one part by which it is hooked to the corresponding post and which projects from the face of the insulating coating which is turned towards the intermediate space.
Afin de tenir compte de la répartition de la pres¬ sion exercée par le béton sur les panneaux de coffrage, les différents raidisseurs horizontaux d'un même panneau pré¬ sentent des espacements variables entre eux, ces espacements augmentant progressivement de la base des panneaux à leur bord supérieur.In order to take account of the distribution of the pressure exerted by the concrete on the formwork panels, the different horizontal stiffeners of the same panel have variable spacings between them, these spacings gradually increasing from the base of the panels to their upper edge.
Dans le but d'assurer une bonne protection, notam- ment des panneaux extérieurs, vis-à-vis de leur environnement, la plaque de revêtement extérieur de ces panneaux extérieurs est de préférence constituée d'une résine armée d'une trame de fibres à haute résistance mécanique, telles que des fibres de verre, tandis que les revêtements thermiquement isolant des panneaux intérieurs et extérieurs peuvent être constituésIn order to ensure good protection, in particular of the exterior panels, with respect to their environment, the exterior covering plate of these exterior panels is preferably made of a resin reinforced with a weft of fibers. with high mechanical resistance, such as glass fibers, while the thermally insulating coverings of interior and exterior panels can be made
OMP par des blocs d'épaisseur uniforme de polystyrène.OMP by blocks of uniform thickness of polystyrene.
Le procédé selon l'invention de construction d'au moins un mur extérieur de bâtiment en béton, utilisant des éléments de coffrage préfabriqués propres à 1'invention et tels que présentés ci-dessus, se caractérise en ce qu'il consiste :The method according to the invention for constructing at least one exterior wall of a concrete building, using prefabricated formwork elements specific to the invention and as presented above, is characterized in that it consists:
- à placer des poteaux et à les maintenir en posi¬ tion convenable sur le tracé du ou des murs à élever,- placing poles and keeping them in a suitable position on the route of the wall or walls to be raised,
- à placer les panneaux intérieurs et extérieurs d part et d'autre des poteaux et à les fixer, de manière amovible, sur ces derniers,- to place the interior and exterior panels on either side of the posts and to fix them, in a removable manner, on the latter,
- à réaliser des raccords entre des panneaux exté¬ rieurs ou intérieurs adjacents deux à deux, notamment au niveau des poteaux, par des joints enduits, - à disposer, éventuellement, une armature en fers à béton dans les espaces intermédiaires entre les panneaux extérieurs et intérieurs,- to make connections between adjacent exterior or interior panels two by two, in particular at the level of the posts, by coated joints, - to have, if necessary, a concrete reinforcement in the intermediate spaces between the exterior panels and interiors,
- à couler du béton d-ans les espaces intermédiares.- pouring concrete in intermediate spaces.
De plus, lorsqu'il s'agit de construire un mur vertical, le procédé se caractérise en outre, par le fait qu'après le placement des poteaux sur le tracé du mur à élev la verticalité des poteaux est réglée, puis les poteaux sont immobilisés en position verticale.In addition, when it comes to building a vertical wall, the method is further characterized by the fact that after the placement of the posts on the layout of the elevated wall the verticality of the posts is adjusted, then the posts are immobilized in a vertical position.
Lorsque le mur doit être construit sur une dalle, le procédé selon l'invention se caractérise de plus en ce qu'il consiste à réaliser sur la dalle, avant la mise en place des poteaux, des plots de centrage des poteaux, puis à engager chaque poteau par sa base sur un plot de centrage co respondant.When the wall is to be built on a slab, the method according to the invention is further characterized in that it consists in carrying out on the slab, before the installation of the posts, studs for centering the posts, then in engaging each post by its base on a corresponding centering stud.
Selon l'invention, le dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé se caractérise en ce qu'il comprend, en plus des éléments de coffrage préfabriqués présentés ci-dess et pour chaque poteau, un dispositif de positionnement du poteau correspondant, ce dispositif de positionnement comprenant au moins un étai de soutien du poteau ,qui se fixe de manière amovible au poteau et est équipé d'un mécanisme de réglage de la verticalité du poteau comportant au moins un vérin. De préférence, chaque étai comporte au moins un montant et au moins une traverse, ainsi qu'un crochet d'ancrage au poteau* correspondant, et selon un exemple préféré de réalisation, chaque étai présente une structure sensible¬ ment rectangulaire, de préférence entretoisée, comprenant deux montants et deux traverses, l'extrémité inférieure du montant le plus éloigné du poteau correspondant étant équipée d'un vérin de réglage ainsi que l'extrémité la plus proche du poteau de la traverse inférieure, tandis que le crochet d'ancrage est porté par l'extrémité la plus proche du poteau de la traverse supérieure, et les étais ainsi réalisés consti¬ tuent simultanément l'ossature d'un échaffaudage présentant des plans de travail supportés par les traverses supérieures des étais.According to the invention, the device for implementing this method is characterized in that it comprises, in addition to the prefabricated formwork elements presented below and for each post, a device for positioning the corresponding post, this device positioning comprising at least one pole support stay, which removably attaches to the pole and is equipped with a mechanism for adjusting the verticality of the pole comprising at least one jack. Preferably, each forestay comprises at least one upright and at least one cross member, as well as an anchor hook to the corresponding post * , and according to a preferred embodiment, each forestay has a substantially rectangular structure, preferably braced. , comprising two uprights and two crosspieces, the lower end of the upright furthest from the corresponding post being equipped with an adjustment jack as well as the end closest to the post of the lower crossmember, while the anchoring hook is carried by the end closest to the post of the upper cross member, and the props thus produced simultaneously constitute the framework of a scaffolding having work surfaces supported by the upper transoms of the props.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'inventio seront mieux compris à la lecture de la description qui va suivre d'un exemple de réalisation et en se référant aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows of an exemplary embodiment and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
- - la figure 1 est une vue en perspective, avec arrachements partiels, d'un dispositif selon l'invention, comportant des éléments de coffrage préfabriqués, et rais en place pour la construction d'un mur vertical externe d'un bâtiment,- - Figure 1 is a perspective view, partially broken away, of a device according to the invention, comprising prefabricated formwork elements, and spokes in place for the construction of an external vertical wall of a building,
- la figure 2 représente schématiquement une coupe longitudinale partielle de la figure 1, au niveau de l'accro- chage de raidisseurs de panneaux sur un poteau,FIG. 2 schematically represents a partial longitudinal section of FIG. 1, at the level of the attachment of panel stiffeners to a post,
- la figure 3 représente une vue schématique en coupe verticale et de côté des éléments représentés sur la figure 2,FIG. 3 represents a schematic view in vertical section and from the side of the elements represented in FIG. 2,
- la figure 4 représente de façon schématique,, par- tiellement en coupe et partiellement selon une élévation laté- rale^un dispositif de réglage de la position d'un poteau, du type représenté sur la figure 1 ,- Figure 4 schematically shows, partially in section and partially along a side elevation ^ a device for adjusting the position of a post, the type shown in Figure 1,
- la figure 5 représente schématique ent les positions de poteaux voisins et les écartements des raidis- seurs des panneaux, et - la figure 6 est une représentation schématique d'une coupe longitudinale d'un mur après la coulée et pendant la prise du béton,- Figure 5 shows schematically ent the positions of neighboring posts and the spacings of the stiffeners of the panels, and - Figure 6 is a schematic representation of a longitudinal section of a wall after pouring and during setting of the concrete,
- la figure 7 est une vue en perspective avec arrachements d'une variante de réalisation de l'invention. o En référence aux figures 1 à 6, les éléments préfabriqués de coffrage comprennent des paires de panneaux constituées chacune d'un panneau intérieur 1 et d'un panneau extérieur 2, qui sont disposés en position verticale, parallè lement l'un à l'autre, en regard l'un de l'autre et séparés 5 par un espace intermédiaire 3, à 1'aide de poteaux 4 métal¬ liques, creux et de section carrée, disposés en position verticale sur une dalle de base 5, et contre lesquels les panneaux intérieurs 1 et extérieurs 2 sont fixés de manière amovible. 0 Chaque panneau intérieur 1 de forme parallélépipédi est constitué d'un revêtement intérieur en plâtre 5, d'un blo parallélipédique 7- 'épaisseur uniforme, par exemple de 8 cm d'épaisseur, de polystyrène constituant un isolant thermique et de raidisseurs métalliques et horizontaux 8, s'étendan 5 d'un bord latéral à l'autre.de chaque -panneau 1 et noyés dans . le panneau 1.- Figure 7 is a perspective view with cutaway of an alternative embodiment of the invention. With reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, the prefabricated shuttering elements comprise pairs of panels each consisting of an interior panel 1 and an exterior panel 2, which are arranged in a vertical position, parallel to one another. other, facing each other and separated by 5 an interspace 3, to 1'aide poles 4 metal ¬ lic, hollow and of square cross section, arranged vertically on a base slab 5, and against which the interior 1 and exterior 2 panels are removably attached. 0 Each interior panel 1 of parallelepiped shape consists of an interior plaster covering 5, of a parallelepiped blo 7- 'uniform thickness, for example 8 cm thick, of polystyrene constituting a thermal insulator and of metal stiffeners and horizontal 8, extending 5 from one side edge to the other. of each panel 1 and embedded in. panel 1.
Chaque raidisseur -8 est constitué par une longueur de profilé en T, dont l'aile supérieure 9 du T s'étend verticalement dans la face du bloc de polystyrène η 0 accolée à la plaque recouverte de plâtre 5, et dont l'aile verticale 10 du T s'étend horizontalement dans le bloc de polystyrène 7 en directio de l'espace intermédiaire 3, comme cela est. représenté sur les figures 2 et 3. A proximité de chacune de ses deux extrémités longitudinales, chaque 5 raidisseur 8 est muni d'un crochet d'ancrage 11 constitué d'un élément métallique de forme sensiblement rectangulaire, donc la largeur correspond à la hauteur de l'aile 9 du profilé et dont la ionσueur est supérieure à la largeur de l'aile 10 du profilé, et cet élément métallique, qui est perpendiculaire aux deux ailes 9 et 10 du profilé, est également solidaire de ces deux ailes et s'étend à partir de l'aile 9 vers l'espace intermédiaire 3. Par son extrémité 12, qui est chanfreinée et biseautée, et opposée à l'aile 9, cet élément métallique vient en saillie par rapport à la face du bloc de polystyrène expansé qui est tournée vers l'espace intermédiaire 3. Une encoche 13, ménagée dans l'extrémité 12 et qui s'ouvre dans le bord infé¬ rieur de celle-ci, donne à l'élément 11 la forme du crochet, comme cela est représenté sur la figure 3.Each stiffener -8 is constituted by a length of T-profile, the upper wing 9 of the T extending vertically in the face of the block of polystyrene η 0 attached to the plaster-covered plate 5, and whose vertical wing 10 of the T extends horizontally in the polystyrene block 7 in directio of the intermediate space 3, as it is. shown in Figures 2 and 3. Near each of its two longitudinal ends, each stiffener 8 is provided with an anchoring hook 11 formed of a metal element of substantially rectangular shape, therefore the width corresponds to the height of the wing 9 of the profile and whose ionσueur is greater than the width of the wing 10 of the profile, and this metal element, which is perpendicular to the two wings 9 and 10 of the profile, is also integral with these two wings and extends from the wing 9 towards the intermediate space 3. By its end 12, which is chamfered and bevelled, and opposite to the wing 9, this metal element protrudes relative to the face of the block of expanded polystyrene which is turned towards the intermediate space 3. A notch 13, formed in the end 12 and which opens in the lower edge of this gives element 11 the shape of the hook, as shown in FIG. 3.
Chaque panneau extérieur 2, également de forme parallélépipédiqueet ayant la même longueur et la même largeur que les panneaux intérieurs 1, est constitué d'un revêtement extérieur 14, réalisé en une résine synthétique armée d'une trame de fibres de verre, d'un bloc parallélépipédique 15 d'épaisseur uniforme, par exemple de 8 cm d'épaisseur, de polystyrène t identique au bloc 7 des panneaux intérieurs 1, et constituant également un isolant thermique, et également de raidisseurs métalliques et horizontaux 8, identiques à ceux des panneaux intérieurs 1 et qui ne seront donc pas à nouveau décrits. Chaque poteau creux 4 est un poteau allégé présentan dans chacune de ses deux faces planes tournées vers les espaces intermédiaires 3 adjacents, de larges ouvertures 16, réparties sur la hauteur du poteau 4, et dans ses deux autres faces, chaque poteau 4 présente des lumières 17, pour le passage des extrémités 12 des crochets 11. Sur chacune des deux faces du poteau 4 dans lesquelles sont ménagées des lumières 17, ces dernières sont groupées par paires réparties sur la hauteur du poteau 4 en correspondance avec la hauteur des différents raidisseurs 8 des panneaux 1 et 2. Sur la figure 5, on a représenté les positions occu¬ pées par les axes verticaux V des quatre poteaux 4 voisins, ainsi que par les axes horizontaux H des cinq raidisseurs 8 que comporte par exemple chacun des panneaux 1 et 2. Pour supporter la pression qui sera exercée sur les panneaux 1 et 2 par le béton coulé dans les espaces intermédiaires 3, laquelle pression est d'autant plus importante que l'on se rapproche de la base des panneaux 1 et 2, les raidisseurs 8 sont noyés dans les panneaux 1 et 2 avec des écartements qui diminuent du bord supérieur des panneaux vers leur base.Each exterior panel 2, also of parallelepiped shape and having the same length and the same width as the interior panels 1, consists of an exterior coating 14, made of a synthetic resin reinforced with a weft of glass fibers, a parallelepiped block 15 of uniform thickness, for example 8 cm thick, of polystyrene t identical to block 7 of the interior panels 1, and also constituting a thermal insulator, and also of metallic and horizontal stiffeners 8, identical to those of the panels interiors 1 and which will therefore not be described again. Each hollow post 4 is a lightened post present in each of its two flat faces turned towards the adjacent intermediate spaces 3, wide openings 16, distributed over the height of the post 4, and in its two other faces, each post 4 has lights 17, for the passage of the ends 12 of the hooks 11. On each of the two faces of the post 4 in which lights 17 are provided, the latter are grouped in pairs distributed over the height of the post 4 in correspondence with the height of the various stiffeners 8 panels 1 and 2. FIG. 5 shows the positions occu¬ pated by the vertical axes V of the four neighboring posts 4, as well as by the horizontal axes H of the five stiffeners 8 that each of the panels 1 and 2 comprises, for example. which will be exerted on the panels 1 and 2 by the concrete poured into the intermediate spaces 3, which pressure is all the greater the closer we get to the base of the panels 1 and 2, the stiffeners 8 are embedded in the panels 1 and 2 with spacings which decrease from the upper edge of the panels towards their base.
Comme représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, les deux lumières 17 de chaque paire sont situées de part et d'autre du plan médian vertical de la face correspondante du poteau 4, afin que les crochets 11 des extrémités voisines de deux raidisseurs de même niveau de deux panneaux intérieurs 1 ou extérieurs 2 adjacents puissent être accrochés chacun dans l'une des deux lumières 17 de la paire correspondante, afin que les panneaux intérieurs 1, d'une part, et extérieurs d'autre part, puissent être accolés aux poteaux 4 sensiblement bout à bout, avec de faibles jeux longitudinaux 18 et de part et d'autre des poteaux 4. Les jeux longitudinaux 18 sont comblés au niveau des revêtements intérieurs 6 et extérieurs 14 par des joints enduits tels que 19 sur la figure 2.As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the two slots 17 of each pair are located on either side of the vertical median plane of the corresponding face of the post 4, so that the hooks 11 of the neighboring ends of two stiffeners of the same level two adjacent interior 1 or exterior 2 panels can be hung each in one of the two slots 17 of the corresponding pair, so that the interior panels 1, on the one hand, and exterior on the other, can be attached to the posts 4 substantially end to end, with small longitudinal clearances 18 and on either side of the posts 4. The longitudinal clearances 18 are filled at the interior 6 and exterior coverings 14 by coated joints such as 19 in FIG. 2.
Le réglage du positionnement des poteaux 4 à la verticale, et le maintien des poteaux 4 dans cette position sont assurés par des étais 20 identiques. Comme représentés sur les figures 1 et 4, chacun des étais 20 comprend un montan externe 21 et un montant interne 22, parallèles l'un à l'autre et perpendiculaires à une traverse inférieure 23 et à une traverse supérieure 24 qui relient les deux montants 21 et 22 l'un à l'autre. Cette structure rectangulaire est entretoisée par une contre-fiche 25 s'étend.ant selon une diagonale entre le point de raccordement du montant externe 21 à la traverse supérieure 24 et le coin de raccordement du montant interne 22 à la traverse inférieure 23. Le montant externe 20 est plusThe adjustment of the positioning of the posts 4 vertically, and the maintenance of the posts 4 in this position are ensured by identical stays 20. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, each of the struts 20 comprises an external mount 21 and an internal upright 22, parallel to each other and perpendicular to a lower cross member 23 and to an upper cross member 24 which connect the two uprights 21 and 22 to each other. This rectangular structure is braced by a strut 25 extending on a diagonal between the connection point of the external upright 21 to the upper cross member 24 and the connection corner of the internal upright 22 to the lower cross member 23. The upright external 20 is more
OMPI long 'que le montant interne 22 et ses deux extrémités vont au delà des raccordements aux traverses 23 et 24. Par son extré¬ mité inférieure, le montant externe 21 prend appui, par l'intermédiaire d'un vérin de réglage 26, par exemple un vérin mécanique à vis, sur une embase 27 parallélépipédique et rigide d'appui sur le sol par exemple. D'une manière similaire, la traverse inférieure 23 prend appui, par son extrémité interne tournée vers le poteau 4 correspondant, contre la face latérale de la dalle de base 5, par l'intermédiaire d'un second vérin de réglage 28, qui peut également être un vérin mécanique à vis. L'extrémité interne (tournée vers le poteau 4 correspondant) de la traverse supérieure 24 est conformée en un crochet d'ancrage 29, analogue aux crochets 11 des rai¬ disseurs 8 des panneaux 1 et 2, et qui s'accroche non pas dans l'une des lumières 17, mais dans une lumière 30 verticale, centrée sensiblement sur le plan médian vertical de la surface plane externe correspondante du poteau 4, et qui est ménagée sensiblement au milieu de la hauteur du poteau 4,. qui correspond., à.la hauteur standard et normalisée d'un étage, ou dans la moitié supérieure de cette hauteur. On comprend que par la manoeuvre des vérins de réglage 26 ou 28 on puisse régler l'inclinaison des poteaux 4 auxquels les étais 20 sont accrochés, par rapport à la dalle 5, et en particulier régler la verticalité de ces poteaux 4, puis les maintenir ainsi à la verticale. Dans cette position, les traverses supérieures 24, qui sont sensiblement horizonta¬ les, peuvent être recouvertes d'éléments plans et rigides tels que des planches, afin de disposer d'un échaffaudage, dont l'ossature est constituée par les étais 20, et qui se trouve en position convenable le long du coffrage ainsi réalisé. De plus, l'extrémité supérieure 31 des montants externes 21 des étais 20 peut être conformée en embout dans lequel ou sur lequel peut s'emmancher un montant de balustrade ou de garde- fou de 1'échaffaudage. Comme on peut le constater sur la figure 1 les paireWIPO long ' that the internal upright 22 and its two ends go beyond the connections to the crosspieces 23 and 24. By its lower extremity, the external upright 21 is supported, by means of an adjustment cylinder 26, for example a mechanical screw jack, on a rigid and rectangular base 27 bearing on the ground for example. Similarly, the lower cross member 23 bears, by its internal end facing the corresponding post 4, against the lateral face of the base slab 5, by means of a second adjustment cylinder 28, which can also be a mechanical screw jack. The internal end (facing the corresponding post 4) of the upper crosspiece 24 is shaped into an anchoring hook 29, similar to the hooks 11 of the dissectors 8 of the panels 1 and 2, and which hooks not in one of the slots 17, but in a vertical slot 30, centered substantially on the vertical median plane of the corresponding external planar surface of the post 4, and which is formed substantially in the middle of the height of the post 4,. which corresponds to the standard and normalized height of a storey, or in the upper half of this height. We understand that by the operation of the adjustment cylinders 26 or 28 we can adjust the inclination of the posts 4 to which the struts 20 are attached, relative to the slab 5, and in particular adjust the verticality of these posts 4, then maintain them so vertically. In this position, the upper crosspieces 24, which are substantially horizonta¬, can be covered with flat and rigid elements such as planks, in order to have a scaffolding, the frame of which is constituted by the props 20, and which is in a suitable position along the formwork thus produced. In addition, the upper end 31 of the external uprights 21 of the struts 20 can be shaped as a nozzle in which or on which a railing or railing upright of the scaffolding can be fitted. As can be seen in Figure 1 the pairs
iREΛiREΛ
OMPI de lumière 17 d'accrochage des panneaux extérieurs 2 et les lumières 30 d'accrochage des étais 20 sont ménagées dans les deux faces externes adjacentes d'un poteau d'angle, tel que 4' , tandis qu'elles sont ménagées dans 1_unique_face exter-WIPO of light 17 for hanging the external panels 2 and the lights 30 for hanging the struts 20 are formed in the two adjacent external faces of a corner post, such as 4 ′, while they are formed in 1_unique_face exter -
5 ne des poteaux 4 qui n'occupent pas les angles, les paires d lumières17 destinées à l'accrochage des panneaux intérieurs étant alors ménagées dans la face plane, interne et opposée de ces poteaux 4.5 does an d 4 poles that do not occupy the corners, lumières17 pairs intended for the attachment of the inner panels then being formed in the planar face, inner and opposite these posts 4.
Afin de constituer un mur vertical, on commence paIn order to constitute a vertical wall, we start pa
10 fixer sur la dalle 5, dans des positions destinées à être occupées par des poteaux 4 et 4' sur le tracé du mur, des plots de centrage parallélépipédiques tels que 32 sur les figures 3 et 4. On positionne tout d'abord les poteaux 4' perpendiculairement à la dalle 5 dans les deux plans. On pos10 fix on the slab 5, in positions intended to be occupied by posts 4 and 4 ′ on the layout of the wall, parallelepipedal centering studs such as 32 in FIGS. 3 and 4. The posts are first positioned 4 'perpendicular to the slab 5 in the two planes. We pos
15 tionne ensuite les poteaux 4 dans un plan perpendiculaire à la dalle 5 grâce aux étais 20, puis on positionne les poteaux 4 dans le second plan perpendiculaire à la dalle 5, en accrochant les panneaux 1 et 2 par leur crochet 11 de part et d'autre "des -poteaux 4 et 4' . On intro-15 then positions the posts 4 in a plane perpendicular to the slab 5 thanks to the struts 20, then the posts 4 are positioned in the second plane perpendicular to the slab 5, by hanging the panels 1 and 2 by their hook 11 on either side 'other ' of posts 4 and 4 '.
20 duit, ensuite- ou avant l'accrochage de l'un des panneaux 1 e 2. dans les espaces intermédiaires 3, des éléments d'armature 33 en fer à béton que l'on maintient en position convenable par tout moyen approprié. D'autres éléments d'armature 34 peuvent être introduits dans les poteaux 4 et 4' , comme cela20, then- or before the attachment of one of the panels 1 e 2. in the intermediate spaces 3, reinforcing elements 33 of concrete iron which are kept in the suitable position by any suitable means. Other reinforcing elements 34 can be introduced into the posts 4 and 4 ', like this
25 est représenté sur la figure 6.25 is shown in FIG. 6.
On obtient ainsi un montage et un calage en posi¬ tion des panneaux intérieurs 1 et extérieurs 2, tel que représenté schématiquement sur la figure 1, avec les crochet 29 des étais 20 qui passent dans les jeux 18 entre les bordsThere is thus obtained a mounting and wedging in position of the interior 1 and exterior 2 panels, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1, with the hooks 29 of the stays 20 which pass in the clearances 18 between the edges
3Q latéraux adjacents des panneau 'extérieurs 2. Après avoir bouché les jeux 18 avec des joints enduits 19 on peut couler du béton, dans les espaces intermédiaires 3. Par les ouvertu¬ res latérales 15 des poteaux creux 4 et 4' , le béton pénètre à l'intérieur de ces derniers, de sorte que les poteaux sont3 adjacent side panel Q of external 2. After having plugged the games 18 coated with seals 19 can be poured concrete, in the interspaces 3. ouvertu¬ the side 15 of the hollow res poles 4 and 4 ', concrete gets inside of these, so the posts are
-._. noyés dans le béton. Le mur et le coffrage se présentent alo-._. drowned in concrete. The wall and the formwork are presented alo
OMP ! 3OMP ! 3
comme cela est représenté en coupe sur la figure 6.as shown in section in Figure 6.
Après la prise du béton, les étais 20 peuvent être décrochés des poteaux 4 et 4' , qui peuvent constituer l'ossature du bâtiment, et sur lesquels il est possible de monter, préala- blement à la coulée du béton, la charpente et la couverture du bâtiment, afin de bénéficier d'un chantier abrité. Lorsque le béton est durci, les crochets 11 et les raidissures 8 des panneaux 1 , 2 sont enrobés de béton, de sorte que ces panneaux 1 et 2 sont rendus solidaires de ma- nière indissociable des poteaux 4 et 4 ' et du béton. De plus, les revêtements en polystyrène apportent une excel¬ lente isolation thermique à l'extérieur et à l'intérieur du mur.After the setting of the concrete, the props 20 can be removed from the posts 4 and 4 ′, which can constitute the framework of the building, and on which it is possible to mount, prior to the pouring of the concrete, the frame and the roofing of the building, in order to benefit from a sheltered site. When the concrete is hardened, the hooks 11 and the stiffenings 8 of the panels 1, 2 are coated with concrete, so that these panels 1 and 2 are made integral in a manner inseparable from the posts 4 and 4 ′ and the concrete. In addition, the polystyrene coverings provide excellent thermal insulation outside and inside the wall.
Bien entendu, diverses modifications peuvent être apportées par l'homme du métier, au dispositif qui vient d'être décrit uniquement à titre d'exemple non limi¬ tatif r sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Naturally, various modifications can be made by the skilled person, the device that has just been described only as an example not limi¬ r tative within the scope of the invention.
Ainsi les revêtements en polystyrène expansé des* panneaux 1 et 2 peuvent être remplacés par de la mousse de polyuréthane, de verre ou analogue. * Thus, the expanded polystyrene coatings * panels 1 and 2 may be replaced by polyurethane foam, glass or the like. *
Par ailleurs, les échafaudages 20, au lieu d'être placés à l'extérieur du mur à construire, peuvent également être disposés à l'intérieur de celui-ci, c'est-à- dire sur la dalle 5.Furthermore, the scaffolding 20, instead of being placed outside the wall to be constructed, can also be placed inside the wall, that is to say on the slab 5.
Dans la variante de réalisation de la figure 7, les panneaux 1 et 1B en polystyrène expansé sont espacés les uns des autres au moyen de plots 40 cubiques en polys¬ tyrène expansé fixés par collage à des poteaux parallèles et verticaux 41A- et 41B également en polystyrène expansé. Ces poteaux 41A et 41B présentent une section en forme de T dont le talon est tourné respectivement vers l'inté¬ rieur et vers l'extérieur du mur. Le talon de ces poteaux 41 et 41B retiennent les panneaux 1 et 1B. Ces derniers comportent à cet effet un. épaulement 42A, 42B qui recouvre S r toute la hauteur le. talon des poteaux 41A, 41B. Suivant la hauteur des poteaux 41A, 41B, sont prévus des perçages 43 qui traversent les poteaux 41A et 41B ainsi que les plots 40. Dans ces perçages 43 sont intro¬ duits des tubes métalliques. Ces perçages 43 servent à fixer un échafaudage semblable à l'échafaudage 20 représenté sur la figure 1. Cet échafaudage permet de maintenir les murs verticaux et participe à la rigidité de l'ensemble. Les panneaux 1A et 1B comportent sur leur face adjacente à l'espace 3 compris entre les panneaux des rai- nures 44 verticales de section en queue d'aronde. Lorsque le béton est coulé dans l'espace 3, ce béton pénètre dans les rainures en queue d'aronde 44 en rendant ainsi les panneaux 1A et 1B solidaires du béton lorsque celui-ci est durci. Le coffrage décrit ci-dessus est par conséquent constitué entièrement d'éléments en polystyrène expansé de sorte qu'il permet d'obtenir un mur parfaitement isolé à l'extérieur et à l'intérieur.In the alternative embodiment of FIG. 7, the panels 1 and 1B made of expanded polystyrene are spaced from each other by means of cubic studs 40 of expanded polys¬ tyrene fixed by gluing to parallel and vertical posts 41A- and 41B also in expanded polystyrene. These posts 41A and 41B have a T-shaped section whose heel is turned respectively towards the interior and towards the outside of the wall. The heel of these posts 41 and 41B retain the panels 1 and 1B. The latter include for this purpose a. shoulder 42A, 42B which covers S r the entire height. heel of posts 41A, 41B. According to the height of the posts 41A, 41B, holes 43 are provided which pass through the posts 41A and 41B as well as the studs 40. In these holes 43 are introduced metal tubes. These holes 43 serve to fix a scaffolding similar to the scaffolding 20 shown in FIG. 1. This scaffolding keeps the walls vertical and contributes to the rigidity of the assembly. The panels 1A and 1B have, on their face adjacent to the space 3 comprised between the panels, grooves 44 of vertical dovetail section. When the concrete is poured into space 3, this concrete enters the dovetail grooves 44, thus making the panels 1A and 1B integral with the concrete when the latter is hardened. The formwork described above therefore consists entirely of elements of expanded polystyrene so that it provides a perfectly insulated wall outside and inside.
OMPΓ OMPΓ

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Eléments préfabriqués de coffrage, destinés à la réalisation de murs extérieurs de bâtiments, comprenant au moins une paire de panneaux, dont l'un (1) est un panneau intérieur et l'autre (2) un panneau extérieur, qui sont destinés à être maintenus parallèlement l'un en regard de l'autre, par exemple verticalement, de manière à délimite entre eux un espace intermédiaire (3) destiné à être rempli de béton, par une structure de liaison et de support des panneaux (1, 2), chaque panneau intérieur (1) comportant, du côté de l'espace intermédiaire (3), un revêtement (7) en un matériau chermiquement isolant et, du côté de l'inté¬ rieur du bâtiment, une plaque de revêtement intérieur (6), par exemple en plâtre, caractérisés en ce que le pannea extérieur (2) comporte également, du côté de l'espace inter¬ médiaire (3) , un revêtement en un matériau thermiquement isolant (15) et, du côté de l'extérieur du bâtiment, une plaque de revêtement extérieure (14).1. Prefabricated formwork elements, intended for the realization of exterior walls of buildings, comprising at least one pair of panels, one of which (1) is an interior panel and the other (2) of which is an exterior panel. to be held parallel to one another, for example vertically, so as to delimit between them an intermediate space (3) intended to be filled with concrete, by a structure for connecting and supporting the panels (1, 2), each interior panel (1) comprising, on the side of the intermediate space (3), a coating (7) made of a thermally insulating material and, on the side of the interior of the building, an interior coating plate (6), for example plaster, characterized in that the external pannea (2) also comprises, on the side of the intermediate space (3), a covering in a thermally insulating material (15) and, on the side of outside the building, an exterior cladding plate higher (14).
2. Eléments selon la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce que: la structure comporte également des poteaux (4,2. Elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: the structure also includes posts (4,
4') destinés à être disposés entre des paires adjacentes de panneaux (1, 2), en des positions intermédiaires entre les panneaux intérieurs ( 1 ) et les panneaux extérieurs (2), et sur lesquels les panneaux (1., 2) se fixent de manièr amovible.4 ') intended to be arranged between adjacent pairs of panels (1, 2), in intermediate positions between the interior panels (1) and the exterior panels (2), and on which the panels (1., 2) are fix removably.
3. Eléments selon la revendication 2, caracté¬ risés en ce que chaque élément de renforcement (8) -d'un panneau (1, 2) est un raidisseur sensiblement horizontal, éventuellement muni de crochets d'accrochage (11) du panneau (1, 2) correspondant sur deux poteaux (4, 4') voisins.3. Elements according to claim 2, caracté¬ ized in that each reinforcing element (8) -d'un panel (1, 2) is a substantially horizontal stiffener, optionally provided with hooks for attachment (11) of the panel ( 1, 2) corresponding on two neighboring posts (4, 4 ').
4. Eléments selon la revendication 3, caractérisés en ce que chaque poteau (4, 4') est creux et présente au moi deux faces planes qui sont chacune parallèles à au moins une face, tournée vers l'espace intermédiaire (3), d'au moins un panneau (1, 2) fixé de manière amovible à cepoteau (4, -4' ) , chaque face plane du poteau (4, 4' ) présentant des lumières (17) destinées à l'accrochage des crochets (11) des panneaux (1, 2) correspondants. 4. Elements according to claim 3, characterized in that each post (4, 4 ') is hollow and has two flat faces to the ego which are each parallel to at least one face, facing the intermediate space (3), d 'at least one panel (1, 2) removably attached to this post (4, -4 '), each flat face of the post (4, 4') having lights (17) intended for the hooking of the hooks (11) of the panels ( 1, 2) correspondents.
5 5. Eléments selon la revendication 4, caractérisés en ce que, sur chaque poteau (4, 4' ), les lumières (17) d'accrochage des crochets (11) des panneaux (1, 2) sont grou¬ pées par paires de lumières(17) réparties sur la hauteur du poteau (4, 4' ) en correspondance avec les écartements des5 5. Elements according to claim 4, characterized in that, on each post (4, 4 '), the slots (17) for hooking the hooks (11) of the panels (1, 2) are grouped in pairs lights (17) distributed over the height of the post (4, 4 ') in correspondence with the spacings of
10 raidisseurs (8) munis de crochets (11) que présentent les panneaux correspondants (1, 2), et en ce que les deux lumière (17) de chaque paire sont situées de part et d'autre du plan médian de la face plane correspondant du poteau (4, 4' ) afin de recevoir les crochets (11) de deux panneaux (1, 2) adjacen10 stiffeners (8) provided with hooks (11) which have the corresponding panels (1, 2), and in that the two lumen (17) of each pair are located on either side of the median plane of the plane face corresponding to the post (4, 4 ') in order to receive the hooks (11) of two adjacent panels (1, 2)
15 6. Eléments selon la revendication 5 caractérisés en ce que chaque face plane d'un poteau (4, 4* ) qui est tourn vers au moins un panneau extérieur (2) correspondant présente également au moins une lumière (30) sensiblement centrée sur le plan-médian de cette face plane et destinée à l'accrochage15 6. Elements according to claim 5 characterized in that each planar face of a post (4, 4 *) which is turned towards at least one corresponding external panel (2) also has at least one light (30) substantially centered on the median plane of this planar face and intended for attachment
20 à un dispositif de positionnement du poteau (4, 4' ) .20 to a post positioning device (4, 4 ').
7. Eléments selon l'une des revendications 4 à* 6, caractérisés en ce que chaque poteau creux (4, 4' ) présente, sur ses faces destinées à être situées dans l'espace intermé¬ diaire (3), des ouvertures (16.) de passage du béton, de sorte7. Elements according to one of claims 4 to * 6, characterized in that each hollow post (4, 4 ') has, on its faces intended to be located in the intermediate space (3), openings ( 16.) concrete passage, so
-25 que chaque poteau creux (4, 4' ) est destiné à être noyé dans béton et à participer à la constitution de l'ossature du bâtiment.-25 that each hollow post (4, 4 ') is intended to be embedded in concrete and to participate in the constitution of the structure of the building.
8. Eléments selon l'une des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisés en ce que chaque raidisseur (8) est constitué pa8. Elements according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that each stiffener (8) is made pa
30 un profilé de renfort de section en T ou en L dont une aile s'étend d.ans la face du revêtement thermiquement isolant (7, 15) qui n'est pas tournée vers l'espace intermédiaire (3) et dont l'autre aile (10) s'étend dans ce revêtement thermi¬ quement isolant (7, 15) en direction de l'espace intermédiair30 a reinforcing section of T or L section with a wing extending in the face of the thermally insulating coating (7, 15) which is not turned towards the intermediate space (3) and whose another wing (10) extends in this thermally insulating coating (7, 15) in the direction of the intermediate space
35 (3), deux au moins des raidisseurs (8) de chaque panneau (1, 2) étant munis, au voisinage de chacune de leurs deux35 (3), at least two of the stiffeners (8) of each panel (1, 2) being provided, in the vicinity of each of their two
OM extrémités, d'un crochet d'ancrage (11) sensiblement perpen¬ diculaire aux deux ailes (9,10) du raidisseur (8) auxquelles le crochet (11) est solidarisé, et ce crochet (11) présentant au moins une partie (12) par laquelle il est accroché au poteau (4, 4' ) correspondant et qui est en saillie par rapport à la face du revêtement thermiquement isolant (7, 15) qui est tournée vers l'espace intermédiaire (3).OM ends, of an anchoring hook (11) substantially perpen¬ dicular to the two wings (9,10) of the stiffener (8) to which the hook (11) is secured, and this hook (11) having at least one part ( 12) by which it is hooked to the corresponding post (4, 4 ′) and which projects from the face of the thermally insulating covering (7, 15) which faces the intermediate space (3).
9. Eléments selon l'une des revendications 3 à 8 caractérisés en ce que les différents raidisseurs horizontaux (8) d'un même panneau (1, 2) présentent des écartements variables entre-eux.9. Elements according to one of claims 3 to 8 characterized in that the different horizontal stiffeners (8) of the same panel (1, 2) have variable spacings between them.
10. Eléments selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9 caractérisés en ce que la plaque de revêtement extérieur (14) des panneaux extérieurs (2) est constituée d'une résine armée d'une trame de fibre à haute résistance mécanique, telles que des fibres de verre.10. Elements according to one of claims 1 to 9 characterized in that the external covering plate (14) of the external panels (2) consists of a resin reinforced with a fiber weft with high mechanical resistance, such as glass fibers.
11. Eléments selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10 caractérisés en ce que les revêtements thermiquement isolant (7, 14) sont constitués par des blocs de polystyrèneexpansé. 11. Elements according to one of claims 1 to 10 characterized in that the thermally insulating coatings (7, 14) consist of blocks of expanded polystyrene.
12. Procédé de construction d'au moins un mur exté¬ rieur de bâtiment en béton, utilisant des éléments selon l'une des revendications 2 à 9 précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste :12. Method for constructing at least one exterior wall of a concrete building, using elements according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 9, characterized in that it consists:
- à placer des poteaux (4, 4' ) et à les maintenir en position convenable sur le tracé du ou des murs à élever,- placing posts (4, 4 ') and keeping them in a suitable position on the layout of the wall or walls to be raised,
- à placer les panneaux intérieurs (1) et extérieurs (2) de part et d'autre des poteaux (4, 4' ) et à les fixer de manière amovible sur ces derniers,- placing the interior (1) and exterior (2) panels on either side of the posts (4, 4 ') and fixing them removably on the latter,
- à réaliser des raccords (19) entre des panneaux extérieurs (2) ou intérieurs (1) adjacents deux à deux, notam- - ment au niveau des poteaux (4, 4' ) par des joints enduits,- to make connections (19) between adjacent exterior (2) or interior (1) panels in pairs, in particular at the posts (4, 4 ′) by coated joints,
- à disposer éventuellement, une armature (33) en fer à béton dans les espaces intermédiaires (3) entre les panneaux extérieurs (2) et intérieurs (1), et, - à couler du béton dans les espaces intermédiaires - optionally, have a reinforcement (33) of concrete iron in the intermediate spaces (3) between the exterior (2) and interior (1) panels, and, - pour concrete into the intermediate spaces
13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, destiné à la construction d'au moins un mur vertical, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste, après le placement des poteaux (4, 4» ) sur le tracé du mur à élever, à régler la verticalité des poteaux (4, 4' ), puis à les immobiliser en position verticale.13. The method of claim 12, for the construction of at least one vertical wall, characterized in that it consists, after the placement of the posts (4, 4 " ) on the layout of the wall to be raised, to adjust the verticality of the posts (4, 4 '), then immobilize them in a vertical position.
14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 12 et 13 destiné à la construction d'au moins un mur sur une dalle (5), caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste de plus, à réaliser sur la dalle (5), avant la mise en place des poteaux (4, 4' ), des plots de centrage (32) des poteaux (4,.4' ), puis à engager chaque poteau (4, 4' ) par sa base sur un plot de centrage (32) correspondant.14. Method according to one of claims 12 and 13 intended for the construction of at least one wall on a slab (5), characterized in that it further consists in making on the slab (5), before the installation of posts (4, 4 '), centering studs (32) of posts (4, .4'), then engaging each post (4, 4 ') by its base on a centering stud (32 ) corresponding.
15. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 12 à 14, caractérisé, en ce qu'il comprend en plus des éléments de coffrages préfabriqués selon les revendications 2 à 9, et pour chaque poteau (4, 4' ), un dispositif de positionnement (20) du poteau correspondant, ledit dispositif de positionnement comprenant au moin un étai de soutien du poteau (4, 4' ) , qui se fixe de manière amovible au poteau (4, 4' ) et est équipé d'un mécanisme de réglage15. Device for implementing the method according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that it further comprises prefabricated formwork elements according to claims 2 to 9, and for each post (4, 4 '), a positioning device (20) for the corresponding post, said positioning device comprising at least one prop for supporting the post (4, 4'), which is removably attached to the post (4, 4 ') and is equipped with an adjustment mechanism
(26, 28) de l'inclinaison du poteau (4, 4' ) comportant au moi un vérin.(26, 28) of the inclination of the post (4, 4 ') comprising a cylinder to me.
16. Dispositif selon la revendication 15, caracté¬ risé en ce que chaque- étai (20) comporte au moins un montant (21, 22) et au moins une traverse (23, 24), ainsi qu'un croch d'ancrage (29) au poteau (4, 4' ) correspondant .16. Device according to claim 15, caracté¬ ized in that each forestay (20) comprises at least one upright (21, 22) and at least one cross member (23, 24), as well as an anchoring hook ( 29) to the corresponding post (4, 4 ').
17. Dispositif selon la revendication 16, caracté¬ risé en ce que chaque étai (20) présente une structure sen¬ siblement rectangulaire, de préférence entretoisée (25), comprenant deux montants (21, 22) et deux traverses (23, 24), l'extrémité inférieure du montant (21) le plus éloigné du poteau correspondant (4, 4' ) étant équipée d'un vérin de réglage (26) ainsi que l'extrémité la plus proche du poteau (4, 4' ) de la traverse inférieure (23), tandis que le crochet17. Device according to claim 16, caracté¬ ized in that each stay (20) has a substantially rectangular structure, preferably braced (25), comprising two uprights (21, 22) and two crosspieces (23, 24) , the lower end of the upright (21) furthest from the corresponding post (4, 4 ') being equipped with an adjustment jack (26) as well as the end closest to the post (4, 4') of the lower crosspiece (23), while the hook
O d'ancrage (29) est porté par l'extrémité la plus proche du poteau (4, 4') de la traverse supérieure (24), et en ce que les étais (20) constituent simultanément l'ossature d'un échafaudage. O anchor (29) is carried by the end closest to the post (4, 4 ') of the upper crosspiece (24), and in that the stays (20) simultaneously constitute the framework of a scaffolding.
18. Eléments selon la revendication 1, caractéri-. ses en ce que les panneaux (1A) et (1B) en polystyrène expansé sont espacés les uns des autres au moyen de plots (40) en polystyrène expansé fixés par collage à des poteaux parallèles et verticaux (41A) et (41B) également en polys- tyrène expansé qui maintiennent les panneaux.18. Elements according to claim 1, character. ses in that the expanded polystyrene panels (1A) and (1B) are spaced from one another by means of expanded polystyrene studs (40) fixed by gluing to parallel and vertical posts (41A) and (41B) also in expanded polystyrene which hold the panels.
19. Eléments selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que les poteaux (41A) et (41B) présentent une section en forme de T dont le talon est tourné respectivement vers l'intérieur et vers l'extérieur du mur et en ce que le talon de ces poteaux (41A) et (41B) retiennent les panneaux ( 1A) et (1B), ces derniers comportant à cet effet un épau- lement (42A), (42B) qui recouvre sur toute la hauteur le talon des poteaux (41A, 41B).19. Elements according to claim 18, characterized in that the posts (41A) and (41B) have a T-shaped section, the heel of which is respectively turned towards the inside and towards the outside of the wall and in that the heel of these posts (41A) and (41B) retain the panels (1A) and (1B), the latter comprising for this purpose a shoulder (42A), (42B) which covers the entire heel of the posts ( 41A, 41B).
20. Eléments selon l'une des revendications 18 ou 19 , caractérisés en ce que, suivant la hauteur des poteaux (41A), (41B) sont prévus des perçages (43) qui traversent les poteaux (41A) et (41B) ainsi que les plots (40), ces perçages (43) servant à fixer un échafaudage.20. Elements according to one of claims 18 or 19, characterized in that, depending on the height of the posts (41A), (41B) are provided holes (43) which pass through the posts (41A) and (41B) as well as the studs (40), these holes (43) serving to fix a scaffolding.
21. Eléments selon l'une des revendications 18- à 20, caractérisé en ce que les panneaux (1A) et (1B) com¬ portent sur leur face adjacente à l'espace (3) compris entre les panneaux des rainures (44) verticales de section sensiblement en queue d'aronde. 21. Elements according to one of claims 18- to 20, characterized in that the panels (1A) and (1B) have on their face adjacent to the space (3) between the panels of the grooves (44) vertical section substantially in dovetail.
PCT/FR1984/000169 1983-07-08 1984-07-06 Prefabricated formwork elements intended to the building of walls, method and device related thereto WO1985000396A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR8406972A BR8406972A (en) 1983-07-08 1984-07-06 PRE-MANUFACTURED CONCRETEING ELEMENT INTENDED FOR BUILDING WALLS, PROCESS AND RELATED DEVICE
AT84902593T ATE27632T1 (en) 1983-07-08 1984-07-06 PREFABRICATED FORMWORK ELEMENTS INTENDED FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF WALLS, METHOD AND DEVICE THEREFOR.
DE8484902593T DE3464078D1 (en) 1983-07-08 1984-07-06 Prefabricated formwork elements intended to the building of walls, method and device related thereto

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8311398A FR2548716B1 (en) 1983-07-08 1983-07-08 PREFABRICATED FORMWORK ELEMENTS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF WALLS, METHOD AND DEVICE RELATING THERETO
FR83/11398 1983-07-08

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Publication Number Publication Date
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AU (1) AU3104484A (en)
BR (1) BR8406972A (en)
DE (1) DE3464078D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2548716B1 (en)
IT (1) IT1177880B (en)
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995033106A1 (en) * 1994-05-27 1995-12-07 Royal Building Systems (Cdn) Limited Housing system with structural cored hollow components
FR3141955A1 (en) * 2022-11-16 2024-05-17 Lucian Cristian BOULEANU Construction element for insulating formwork for building wall, kit for insulating formwork for building wall and method for constructing a building wall with insulating formwork

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2647839B1 (en) * 1989-05-31 1991-09-20 Durand Philippe PREFABRICATED FORMWORK ELEMENTS AND WALL CONSTRUCTION METHOD
CN109322483B (en) * 2018-10-25 2021-11-30 上海绿地建设(集团)有限公司 Reinforcing and supporting structure of shear wall external formwork

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1184944A (en) * 1957-10-21 1959-07-28 Panel for building construction, building constructed using such panels
DE2310348A1 (en) * 1972-03-01 1973-09-13 Geoffrey Milson John Williams COLD BRIDGE-FREE CONCRETE WALL AND PROCESS FOR ITS PRODUCTION
FR2411929A1 (en) * 1977-12-15 1979-07-13 Boffard Guy Concrete panels cast between sheets which become insulating covers - and pref. comprise rigid expanded polystyrene or polyurethane and/or plasterboard

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1184944A (en) * 1957-10-21 1959-07-28 Panel for building construction, building constructed using such panels
DE2310348A1 (en) * 1972-03-01 1973-09-13 Geoffrey Milson John Williams COLD BRIDGE-FREE CONCRETE WALL AND PROCESS FOR ITS PRODUCTION
FR2411929A1 (en) * 1977-12-15 1979-07-13 Boffard Guy Concrete panels cast between sheets which become insulating covers - and pref. comprise rigid expanded polystyrene or polyurethane and/or plasterboard

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995033106A1 (en) * 1994-05-27 1995-12-07 Royal Building Systems (Cdn) Limited Housing system with structural cored hollow components
US5974751A (en) * 1994-05-27 1999-11-02 De Zen; Vittorio Housing system with structural cored hollow components
FR3141955A1 (en) * 2022-11-16 2024-05-17 Lucian Cristian BOULEANU Construction element for insulating formwork for building wall, kit for insulating formwork for building wall and method for constructing a building wall with insulating formwork
EP4372168A1 (en) * 2022-11-16 2024-05-22 Lucian Cristian Bouleanu Kit for insulating formwork of a building wall and method for constructing a wall of a building with insulating formwork

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IT8448520A0 (en) 1984-07-06
IT1177880B (en) 1987-08-26
OA07962A (en) 1987-01-31
FR2548716B1 (en) 1985-12-20
EP0147456B1 (en) 1987-06-03
FR2548716A1 (en) 1985-01-11
AU3104484A (en) 1985-02-07
EP0147456A1 (en) 1985-07-10
BR8406972A (en) 1985-06-11
DE3464078D1 (en) 1987-07-09

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