USRE41346E1 - Flexible material - Google Patents
Flexible material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USRE41346E1 USRE41346E1 US11/269,919 US26991900A USRE41346E US RE41346 E1 USRE41346 E1 US RE41346E1 US 26991900 A US26991900 A US 26991900A US RE41346 E USRE41346 E US RE41346E
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- elements
- substrate
- foam
- spaced
- resiliently
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased, expires
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 206010016654 Fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000004210 Pressure Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000386 athletic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/28—Shock absorbing
- A41D31/285—Shock absorbing using layered materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/015—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with shock-absorbing means
- A41D13/0156—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with shock-absorbing means having projecting patterns
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
- B32B3/14—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a face layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
- B32B3/16—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a face layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side secured to a flexible backing
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- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
- B32B3/18—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/026—Knitted fabric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
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- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C9/00—Life-saving in water
- B63C9/08—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like
- B63C9/087—Body suits, i.e. substantially covering the user's body ; Immersion suits, i.e. substantially completely covering the user
- B63C9/093—Body suits, i.e. substantially covering the user's body ; Immersion suits, i.e. substantially completely covering the user using solid buoyant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
- A61G7/057—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor
- A61G7/05707—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor with integral, body-bearing projections or protuberances
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/025—Polyolefin
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- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/08—Closed cell foam
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2437/00—Clothing
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- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2571/00—Protective equipment
- B32B2571/02—Protective equipment defensive, e.g. armour plates, anti-ballistic clothing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
- Y10T156/1052—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
- Y10T156/1062—Prior to assembly
- Y10T156/1067—Continuous longitudinal slitting
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- Y10T156/1062—Prior to assembly
- Y10T156/1075—Prior to assembly of plural laminae from single stock and assembling to each other or to additional lamina
- Y10T156/1077—Applying plural cut laminae to single face of additional lamina
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T156/1092—All laminae planar and face to face
- Y10T156/1093—All laminae planar and face to face with covering of discrete laminae with additional lamina
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T156/1093—All laminae planar and face to face with covering of discrete laminae with additional lamina
- Y10T156/1095—Opposed laminae are running length webs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T156/1751—At least three articles
- Y10T156/1754—At least two applied side by side to common base
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a flexible material suitable, primarily, for use as a flexible protective material to protect for human and animal bodies.
- Protective material and protective wear is currently used by persons to protect themselves from knocks, abrasions and other injury.
- Protective wear is used during sport, rugby for example and equestrian sports and other activities where a person runs a risk of injury, for example building and other trades.
- Conventional protective wear may form an integral part of an item of clothing, for example a shoulder pad, or be provided separately, for example a shin pad.
- One existing arrangement comprises a moulded foam article shaped to fit a particular part of the body.
- the article must be produced in different sizes to fit different people. Provision of different sizes can be expensive or inconvenient. Also, closely fitting articles can restrict movement of the wearer, especially when worn on or near joints.
- a cushioning material for the treatment of lymphostatic fibroses in which a plurality of foam elements with an enlarged base are disposed side-by-side with their bases touching on a foundation layer to which they are affixed.
- the troughs defined between the side walls of the elements enable the material to be flexed to form a pressure bandage.
- the foram elements of the bandage touch one another at their base, which restricts the stretchability of the material as a whole and is also designed to be worn with the elements in contact with the skin, which would restrict movement.
- a moulded foam article can only correctly fit a joint when in one position. When the joint moves, the article will no longer fit correctly. This may reduce the protection it affords.
- U.S. Pat. No. 3,285,768 is disclosed a fabric coated with a surface deformed foam which is manufactured either by grooving or slashing a sheet of foam to a portion of its depth and then laminating it to the fabric or by laminating a foam sheet to a fabric and then grooving or slashing the form layer.
- neither of these methods enables the foam to be cut to define a plurality of spaced, separate elements, which is preferred if the fabric is to be used in protective wear for ,sports persons when considerable freedom of movement by the wearer is required in addition to comfort.
- Another existing arrangement comprises a quilted material including lengths of foam sewn into pockets formed between two layers of fabric. Such materials are time consuming to produce. Also, such materials can generally only easily be flexed in a direction perpendicular to that of the strips of foam. Flexing the material in a direction along the length of the strips involves flexing the strips themselves which, depending on the type of foam used, can be difficult.
- a similar type of garment is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,551,082 which describes an athletic garment in which strategically placed rib-shaped gel, air or foam padding is contained in envelopes that are individually affixed to an elasticized fabric shell.
- a method of manufacturing a flexible material comprising the steps of providing a sheet of a resilient material; cutting the sheet into a plurality of spaced, separate elements using a cutter which is pressed into the sheet to cut therethrough; making one side of the spaced elements to stand proud of the surface of a jig provided to hold the elements in place; and bonding a flexible, resiliently stretchable substrate to one side of the separate elements by heating the substrate either to active an adhesive applied between said one side of the separate elements and the substrate or to weld the elements to the substrate.
- the separate elements are preferably bonded to the substrate with a hot melt adhesive, although they can be welded thereto using heat to fuse the elements to the substrate.
- a flexible material comprising a layer of separate resilient elements joined to a flexible, resiliently stretchable substrate and manufactured according to the method of the first aspect of the present invention.
- Such a flexible material can confirm more easily to the body of the wearer than conventional materials, as it is flexible in all three dimensions. It is therefore more comfortable to wear and can accommodate movement better than conventional materials.
- the elements preferably comprise a resilient foam material, for example a closed cell polyethylene, and could comprise a number of different types of foam or other materials to give desired properties, for example layers of foam of different densities.
- the elements may be substantially identical, alternatively they can be of different size and shape, for example to fit comfortably part of a wearer's body, or some other article.
- the elements preferably take the form of blocks. They can be of regular or irregular shape, for example hexagonal or octagonal in cross-section.
- the elements are preferably evenly distributed on the substrate with a density of between 100 and 8000 elements/m 2 , more preferably between 250 and 8000 elements/m 2 , and still more preferably between 4000 and 6000 elements/m 2 .
- the elements comprise cubes of side 12 mm spaced apart by 2 mm. This gives a density of about 5000 cubes/m 2 .
- one type of material can be cut to many different sizes, for example to form protective wear of different sizes, without significantly affecting its ability to flex. This is in contrast to known quilted protective materials wherein due to the size of the foam strips, the size of each strip must be changed to form an article of different size without reducing flexibility.
- the substrate is resiliently stretchable or elastic and preferably comprises a fabric, although a resiliently stretchable film or sheet could be used. This enables the material to adopt a greater range of configurations. Suitable fabrics include knitted nylon and polyester fabrics and more particularly those materials comprising elastane.
- a second layer of a flexible substrate material is preferably bonded over the elements so that they are sandwiched between two layers.
- the first substrate layer is resiliently stretchable or elastic, this helps to prevent puckering of one side of the material when it is flexed.
- both substrate layers are resiliently stretchable.
- the material is preferably arranged so that the stretchable layer lies on the outside surface of the curve.
- the material may be comprised in clothing or other wear. It is particularly suitable for incorporation into protective clothing and wear, for example shoulder pads, knee pads, shin pads, arm bands, head-guards, vests and gauntlets for both humans and animals. It will be appreciated that in these garments the blocks are provided where required and omitted from certain areas of the garment. For example, in a headguard no blocks need be positioned in the ear-flaps of the guard.
- the material could also be comprised in furniture or upholstery and can be particularly useful when used with wheelchairs and hospital beds. Spaced part elements can help to reduce the incidence of bed sores.
- As the material is resilient, it comprises a cushioning medium, for,; example for saddles. Where the material comprises a foam layer, this provides it with good thermally insulating properties and it can be usefully incorporated into, or used to form wet suits.
- a foam layer can also render the material buoyant in water, in which case it can be usefully used in or to form buoyancy vests, life jackets and swimming aids.
- the material can be incorporated in swimming costumes as an aid to the buoyancy of the wearer. It is possible in this case to arrange for the foam blocks to be progressively removable from the costume as the confidence and skill or the trainee swimmer increases.
- the material may also be used for packaging and cladding.
- the elements may not be distributed all over the surface of the substrate.
- the border may include a fastening means, for example VELCRO(TM) to enable it to be affixed to itself or to another article, say a garment.
- the elements could comprise a series of spaced-apart strips. Such a material would have different properties when flexed in different directions.
- At least said one side of the elements are coated with the hot-melt adhesive prior to being cut into the separate elements.
- the side of the substrate adjacent said one side of the elements is coated with the hot-melt adhesive.
- a sheet of hot-melt film may also be interposed between said one side of the elements and the substrate to provide said adhesive layer.
- the resilient sheet is cut into a plurality of separate elements using a cutter which acts as the jig after cutting through the resilient material to hold the elements in place while the substrate layer is applied thereto.
- the cutter is adapted so that said one side of each, now cut, element are made to stand proud of the surface of the cutter grid.
- the sheet material may spring back slightly after cutting to accomplish this.
- means, such as ejectors, are provided to achieve this effect.
- a sheet of a resilient material is provided and at least one side of the sheet is coated with a hot melt adhesive.
- the sheet is placed, adhesive side up, over a cutter grid arranged to cut the sheet into a plurality of elements, for example squares.
- the sheet is pressed down onto the cutter to cut through the sheet. Excess material from between the elements is then removed.
- a resiliently stretchable substrate is placed over the, now cut, sheet and heated to activate the adhesive to join the elements to the substrate. The substrate is then lifted away from the cutter, taking the elements with it.
- the cutter grid acts as a jig, holding the elements in placed while the substrate layer is applied. If the flexible material is to be cut into large pieces, in particular large irregularly shaped pieces, then these pieces may be assembled into a specially constructed jig to hold them into place before application of the substrate. Conveniently, as before the sheet of resilient material from which the elements are cut has an adhesive layer applied to one or both surfaces prior to the cutting process.
- the sheet of resilient material is cut into strips in a first direction using a plurality of rolling cutters and then cut in a second direction at an angle to the first direction to the separate elements.
- the rolling cutters are moved sideways after each cut to cut narrow strips of material in both directions to space the elements apart, the narrow strips of material being removed to leave the separate elements spaced apart from one another.
- FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view of part piece of flexible material according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a protective arm band formed from the type of material of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of a cutter grid.
- FIGS. 4 to 6 are vertical cross-sectional views of apparatus used in the manufacture of material as shown in FIG. 1 at various stages respectively throughout the manufacturing process.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view through another embodiment of a flexible material according to the invention.
- a flexible material comprises a plurality of cubes 1 of a resilient closed-cell polyethylene foam, of side approximately 12 mm and with corners of radius approximately 2.5 mm, joined with a hot melt adhesive to a fabric substrate 2 .
- the cubes 1 are evenly arranged, each cube being spaced from adjacent cubes by approximately 2 mm.
- the fabric 2 is a resiliently stretchable knitted fabric, preferably one comprising polyester or elastane fibers.
- a margin of fabric 2 is provided around the periphery of the cubes 1 .
- a protective armband 4 is shown being worn on part of an arm 5 .
- the armband 4 is formed from a generally rectangular piece of material of the type shown in FIG. 1 but which in this case comprises a fabric substrate 6 bonded to both sides thereof with a plurality of foam cubes 7 sandwiched therebetween. Margins are provided at opposite ends respectively of the substrate 6 and a strip of VELCRO(TM) 8 is fastened on this margin to enable opposite ends of the material to be fastened in an overlaying relationship to form a tube. By varying the degree of overlap of the ends, the tube can be closely fitted around arms of different sizes.
- a substrate layer 6 on both sides of the cubes 7 prevents the latter from separating too much as the material is curved around to form a tube. Rather, the substrate 6 on the outside of the armband is forced to stretch and the edges of the cubes 7 at the inner side of the armband are compressed. The provision of a substrate layer on both sides of the material therefore enables the material to continue to provide good protection, even when tightly flexed.
- FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a cutter used for manufacturing the material of FIG. 1 .
- the cutter comprises blades defining a plurality of squares of 12 mm side with corners of radius 2.5 mm.
- FIGS. 4 to 6 are vertical cross-sectional views of apparatus at various stages respectively throughout the manufacture of the flexible material shown in FIG. 1 .
- one side of a 12 mm thick layer of closed cell polyethylene foam 10 is coated with a hot melt adhesive 11 .
- the foam 10 is then placed onto a cutter 12 , of the type shown in FIG. 3 , and pressed down with a press 13 so that the cutter 12 cuts through the foam 10 to form a plurality of separate cubes.
- the press is then removed, whereupon owing to its resilient nature, the foam will tend to spring back slightly so that the exposed surface of each cube stands proud to lie above the surface of the cutter. Excess material from between the elements is then removed.
- a layer of fabric is placed over the foam and cutter 12 and a heated platen 15 is brought into contact with the fabric 14 .
- Heat is conducted through the fabric 14 to the foam and activates the adhesive, bonding the fabric 14 to the foam 10 .
- the cutter grid acts as a jig, holding the foam cubes in position whilst the fabric substrate 14 is applied thereto.
- the fabric can be lifted away from the cutter taking the foam cubes 10 with it.
- ejectors are disposed in the cutter grid to eject the elements, leaving any waste material behind in the cutters.
- the foam 10 is to be cut into large pieces, in particular large irregularly shaped pieces such as may be suitable for use in an equestrian jacket, then these pieces may be assembled into a specially constructed jig to hold them into place before application of the fabric substrate 14 .
- the sheet of resilient foam from which the elements are cut will have hot-melt adhesive applied to one or both surfaces prior to the cutting process.
- the sheet of resilient material is cut into strips in a first direction using a plurality of rolling cutters.
- the sheet is cut in a second direction perpendicular to the first to form cubes.
- the cutters are then moved sideways to cut narrow strips of foam in both directions to space the cubes apart, the narrow strips of foam being stripped away to leave the cubes.
- FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of flexible material similar to that shown in FIG. 1 , but with a layer of fabric 16 bonded to each of opposite sides of tho elements 17 .
- This embodiment may be produced in a similar way to that shown in FIG. 1 except that opposite sides of the foam layer are coated with adhesive and, after the foam cubes bonded to a first layer of fabric have been removed from the cutter, a second layer of fabric is placed over the exposed surface of the elements are pressed with a heated platen to effect a bond.
- the hot-melt adhesive may be applied to the surface the substrate rather or in addition to the sides of the flexible material.
- a hot-melt film can be interposed between the elements and the substrate.
- heated nip-rollers can be used in place of a heated platen to bond the elements to the substrate, particularly when substrate is bonded to both sides of the elements, which are thereby sandwiched therebetween. This facilitates passage of the material between the rollers prior to activation of the adhesive.
- Flexible materials according to the invention are more convenient to produce and more flexible and versatile that known protective materials. They may also be used in a variety of applications including protective wear and clothing.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Details Of Garments (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
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US12/642,550 USRE43994E1 (en) | 1999-07-13 | 2000-07-13 | Flexible material |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
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GBGB9916291.9A GB9916291D0 (en) | 1999-07-13 | 1999-07-13 | Flexible material |
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GB9921804A GB2352208B (en) | 1999-07-13 | 1999-09-16 | Flexible material |
PCT/GB2000/002687 WO2001003530A1 (fr) | 1999-07-13 | 2000-07-13 | Materiau souple |
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US13/107,688 Expired - Lifetime USRE43441E1 (en) | 1999-07-13 | 2000-07-13 | Flexible material |
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US10/030,782 Ceased US6743325B1 (en) | 1999-07-13 | 2000-07-13 | Flexible material |
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EP (1) | EP1194050B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN100406236C (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE258018T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU768385B2 (fr) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2375515A1 (fr) | 2001-01-18 |
ATE258018T1 (de) | 2004-02-15 |
CA2375515C (fr) | 2008-01-29 |
DE60007869D1 (de) | 2004-02-26 |
USRE43441E1 (en) | 2012-06-05 |
DE60007869T2 (de) | 2004-11-18 |
GB2352208B (en) | 2001-06-13 |
AU6297300A (en) | 2001-01-30 |
EP1194050B1 (fr) | 2004-01-21 |
EP1194050A1 (fr) | 2002-04-10 |
AU768385B2 (en) | 2003-12-11 |
GB9921804D0 (en) | 1999-11-17 |
WO2001003530A1 (fr) | 2001-01-18 |
USRE42689E1 (en) | 2011-09-13 |
CN100406236C (zh) | 2008-07-30 |
GB2352208A (en) | 2001-01-24 |
CN1359267A (zh) | 2002-07-17 |
USRE43994E1 (en) | 2013-02-12 |
US6743325B1 (en) | 2004-06-01 |
USRE44851E1 (en) | 2014-04-22 |
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