US7466400B2 - Device and method for automatically detecting at least one fluorescent and/or light absorbing indicator contained in a liquid service fluid during the process of filling the service fluid into a machine - Google Patents

Device and method for automatically detecting at least one fluorescent and/or light absorbing indicator contained in a liquid service fluid during the process of filling the service fluid into a machine Download PDF

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US7466400B2
US7466400B2 US10/559,552 US55955204A US7466400B2 US 7466400 B2 US7466400 B2 US 7466400B2 US 55955204 A US55955204 A US 55955204A US 7466400 B2 US7466400 B2 US 7466400B2
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service fluid
machine
recited
light
opto
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US20070064323A1 (en
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Rolf Luther
Christian Seyfert
Fritz Stumm
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Fuchs SE
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Fuchs Petrolub SE
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
    • G01N2021/6439—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" with indicators, stains, dyes, tags, labels, marks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device and to a method for automatically detecting at least one fluorescing and/or light-absorbing indicator contained in a liquid service fluid during the process of filling the service fluid into a machine.
  • liquid service fluids are understood to include, in particular, lubricating oil, engine oil, hydraulic oil and other such service fluids.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,274,381 B1 discusses using two or more visible dyes, whose absorption maxima are at distinct wavelengths from each other, in a fuel. By introducing a sample of such a marked fuel into a suitable laboratory apparatus, it is possible to identify the indicator. To this end, U.S. Pat. No. 6,274,381 B1 discusses using a light source and determining the absorption characteristic of the indicators.
  • An object of the present invention is to make it possible for the identity of a service fluid contained in a machine to be automatically detected.
  • the present invention provides a device for automatically detecting at least one fluorescing and/or light-absorbing indicator contained in a liquid service fluid during the process of filling the service fluid into a machine, in particular into the engine of a vehicle, having a filler tube for the service fluid, through which the service fluid to be poured in reaches the machine's service fluid supply, a measurement section made of a translucent material which is at least partially filled with or traversed by the flow of the service fluid when filling the same into the filler tube, having at least one light source, which radiates onto the measurement section, an opto-receiver, onto which the light impinges that is transmitted through the service fluid when the service fluid flows through the measurement section and/or emanates from the indicator due to a fluorescent effect, and which generates a measurement signal as a function of the intensity of the light impinging on the opto-receiver, and having an evaluation unit, in which the at least one measurement signal of the opto-receiver is evaluated.
  • the design according to the present invention makes it possible, for the first time, to automatically ascertain a liquid service fluid, in particular its identity or quality, when filling the same into a machine.
  • the service fluids typically employed have regions of distinctly reduced absorption in their absorption spectrum.
  • the fluorescence indicators are easily excited, since the exciting light is not absorbed or is hardly absorbed by the service fluid.
  • the light emitted by the fluorescence indicator may likewise be sensed very easily in the region above 500 nm, since the absorption of the service fluid does not influence or only slightly influences the measuring result.
  • dyes in particular fluorescing dyes may be added as indicators to the service fluid.
  • the device according to the present invention is able to automatically detect such dyes when the service fluid is filled into the machine.
  • the device according to the present invention has a measurement section made of a translucent material which is at least partially filled with or traversed by the flow of the service fluid when filling the same into the machine.
  • the light source and the opto-receiver may be used to measure the indicator(s) and concentrations thereof.
  • the measurement signal derived therefrom is then further processed by an evaluation unit.
  • the measurement signals may be compared to data stored in an evaluation matrix in advance, for example, in order to obtain information on the service fluid that has been filled into the machine. This information may then be automatically utilized further, for example to calculate a replacement interval for the service fluid that is adapted to the quality of the service fluid that was poured in.
  • the opto-receiver to have at least two light sensors, whose frequency regions are distinct from one another, and which each generate one measurement signal.
  • a plurality of indicators may be measured by the device according to the present invention.
  • concentration thresholds of the indicators may be determined in accordance with the present invention, a multiplicity of encoding options is derived. When two indicators and four concentration levels are used, then 16 encoding options are already derived. When three dyes and four concentration levels are used, this number increases to 64, and when four indicators are used, it climbs to 256.
  • One advantageous embodiment of the present invention provides for the light source and the opto-receiver to be oriented to the measurement section and positioned at an angle of 0 to 170 degrees around the measurement section. It is especially beneficial when the light source and the opto-receiver are positioned at an angle of 30 to 140, in particular of 60 to 120 degrees. An especially good measurement signal is hereby achieved when using fluorescing dyes.
  • the filler tube in the direction of flow upstream of the measurement section, has a reduced cross-sectional area in the section leading into the measurement section.
  • This reduced cross-sectional area is located in particular above the measurement section, it sufficing when only one partial flow of the fill fluid passes through the measurement section.
  • the advantage of this design is that the reduced cross section ensures that the measurement section is completely filled, thereby providing constant and known measuring conditions.
  • the present invention provides for the measurement section to be designed as a measuring tube that leads directly or indirectly into the machine's service fluid supply.
  • a further improvement is achieved by providing a plurality of light sources which radiate in frequency regions which are distinct from one another. This facilitates the process of detecting various indicators.
  • One advantageous embodiment of the present invention provides for the light sources to be constituted of LEDs and/or of laser diodes having different wavelengths.
  • the present invention also relates to a machine, in particular to the engine of a vehicle having a device including the aforementioned features.
  • the present invention provides for a method for automatically detecting at least one fluorescing and/or light-absorbing indicator contained in a liquid service fluid during the process of filling the service fluid into a machine, in particular into the engine of a vehicle, including the following steps:
  • the signal derived from the evaluation of the measurement signals may be further utilized in the machine.
  • the identity of or other information pertaining to the fill fluid may be automatically determined and further processed, for example in the on-board computer.
  • the replacement interval for the service fluid may be calculated or adapted as a function of the fill fluid.
  • the at least one indicator is advantageously a fluorescing dye which is excited by the light source in the measurement section to a fluorescent radiation, the fluorescent radiation constituting at least one portion of the light intercepted by the opto-receiver.
  • the service fluid contains at least two indicators that are active in different frequency regions and in that the indicators, in particular the concentrations thereof, are detected by at least two sensors of the opto-receiver that are sensitive in the different frequency regions.
  • the present invention also provides that the measurement signal(s) generated by the opto-receiver correlate with the concentration of the at least one indicator in the service fluid.
  • one of the indicators of the service fluid forms a reference indicator on whose basis the opto-receiver generates a reference signal. This makes it possible to facilitate the evaluation of the measurement signals, in particular.
  • the evaluation unit evaluate the at least one measurement signal on the basis of the ratio of the intensity of the at least one measurement signal to the intensity of the reference signal. This enables the indicator concentrations in the service fluid to be reliably determined, even under variable conditions, such as a fluctuating degree of filling of the measurement section with service fluid.
  • the ratio of the indicators it suffices to establish a relation between the measurement signal(s) and the reference signal.
  • the evaluation is especially simple when the reference indicator is present in an always constant concentration.
  • a further improvement is achieved when the evaluation unit assigns a quality signal to the at least one measurement signal. This may be accomplished, for example, by comparing the concentration levels of the various indicators determined by the measurement signals to a table or value matrix, in which specific qualities of or other information pertaining to the service fluid are assigned in each instance to combinations of concentration levels of indicators.
  • the evaluation unit may be integrated in the on-board computer of a motor vehicle, for example.
  • a further improvement is achieved when the quality signal is used for automatically determining the time for the next service fluid replacement.
  • the quality and origin of the fill fluid may be considered in the calculation or adaptation of the service interval or service fluid replacement.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the absorption spectra of various lubricating oils.
  • FIG. 1 schematically depicts a device for automatically detecting at least one indicator contained in a liquid service fluid during the process of filling a machine with the service fluid.
  • the device has a filler tube 1 for pouring in the service fluid.
  • a filler tube for pouring in the service fluid.
  • any component that permits or facilitates the process of filling service fluid into the machine is considered to be a filler tube, regardless of its cross-sectional shape or the ratio between its diameter and length.
  • the filler tube may be designed to be round or angular.
  • oblong filler tube 1 has a circular cross section.
  • the filler tube of the device is designed and positioned in such a way that the fill fluid arrives directly or indirectly through filler tube 1 into service fluid supply 12 , for example the oil sump of the machine.
  • the device has a measurement section 2 made of a translucent material. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 , this is formed from a tubular section made of clear plastic or glass, for example. Measurement section 2 is at least partially filled with or traversed by the flow of the service fluid when filling the same into filler tube 1 . It suffices in this context when only a portion of the fill fluid flows through measurement section 2 for measuring purposes.
  • the device according to the present invention also has a light source 3 which radiates onto measurement section 2 and is directed at the same.
  • the light emanating from light source 3 may be a collimated beam 4 which is focused in particular at the middle of measurement section 2 .
  • the device according to the present invention also has an opto-receiver 5 . Impinging thereon is the light that is transmitted through the service fluid when the service fluid flows through measurement section 2 and/or emanates from the service fluid due to a fluorescent effect (light 14 ).
  • Illustrated opto-receiver 5 has two light sensors 6 , 7 whose frequency regions are distinct from one another.
  • Light sensors 6 , 7 have different spectral sensitivity maxima which are adapted to the indicators that are used. In this manner, the presence and/or the concentration of an indicator in the service fluid may be determined by one light sensor 6 , 7 .
  • other sensors may be provided, whereby one single sensor may also suffice in accordance with the present invention.
  • opto-receiver 5 uses light sensors 6 , 7 to generate in particular a plurality of measurement signals. Illustrated in FIG. 1 are a measurement signal 8 of light sensor 6 and a measurement signal 9 of light sensor 7 . PIN diodes, in particular, may be employed as sensors 6 , 7 of opto-receiver 5 . In addition, opto-receiver 5 has a beam splitter 11 through which incoming light is uniformly distributed over light sensors 6 , 7 .
  • FIG. 1 also shows an evaluation unit 10 in which the at least one measurement signal 8 , 9 of opto-receiver 5 is evaluated.
  • Light source 3 and opto-receiver 5 are oriented to measurement section 2 of filler tube 1 of the machine and positioned at an angle ⁇ of 0 to 170 degrees around measurement section 2 .
  • an angle ⁇ of 30 to 140 degrees, preferably of 60 to 120 degrees has proven to be particularly effective. If the intention is to determine the indicators and the concentrations thereof in the service fluid not by fluorescence measurement, but rather by absorption measurement, then opto-receiver 5 is positioned directly opposite light source 3 , thus, in particular, at an angle ⁇ of 180° to the same.
  • filler tube 1 in the direction of flow upstream of measurement section 2 , has a section 15 of a reduced cross-sectional area. Due to the narrowing of cross section, the measurement section is able to be completely filled with the service fluid.
  • light source 3 in addition to illustrated light source 3 , other light sources may be provided, which radiate in a frequency region that is distinct from that of light source 3 .
  • the light sources may be constituted very simply of LEDs and/or of laser diodes.
  • the LEDs or laser diodes may have different wavelengths.
  • the device shown in FIG. 1 is additionally a machine, in particular the engine of a vehicle.
  • One, or preferably two or more different fluorescent dyes are added as indicators to the service fluids.
  • a concentration in the range of 10 ⁇ 7 to 10 ⁇ 9 mol already suffices.
  • higher concentrations, in particular up to 10 ⁇ 4 mol may also be used.
  • fluorescent dyes oil-soluble dyes from the group consisting of coumarins, fluoresceins, rhodamines, oxazines and carbocyanines or oil-soluble modifications thereof may be used. Due to the low concentration of the indicators in the service fluids, the normal properties of the service fluids are not affected or are only negligibly affected. The dye is not visible to the human eye, since it is added in very low concentrations.
  • non-fluorescent dyes such as diazo dyes
  • oil-soluble dyes are used, in particular fluorescent dyes having emission maxima in the 500 to 1000 nm region.
  • the indicators employed are detected during the filling process in response to excitation by light sources 3 , for example LEDs or laser diodes, in different wavelength regions adapted to the dyes that are used.
  • the engine oils may be excited, for example, at 370, 490 and/or 570 to 590 nm.
  • Light is then intercepted by the opto-receiver.
  • fluorescent dyes When fluorescent dyes are used, light 14 emitted by the indicator due to the fluorescent effect is intercepted.
  • non-fluorescent dyes When non-fluorescent dyes are used, the light that passes through the service fluid is used.
  • Sensors 6 , 7 of opto-receiver 5 each produce a measurement signal 8 , 9 , which is indicative of the intensity of light 14 impinging on opto-receiver 5 . Accordingly, the presence, as well as the concentration of the indicators in the service fluid may be determined by evaluation unit 10 on the basis of measurement signals 8 , 9 .
  • a comparison is made to the comparison values stored in a table.
  • the identity of the fill fluid is determined, and a quality signal is generated. This makes it possible to automatically ascertain the identity of the fill fluid or other information pertaining to the same and to further process the thus obtained information in a computerized operation.
  • the information pertaining to the fill fluid may be used for calculating oil replacement intervals.
  • measurement signals 8 , 9 generated by opto-receiver 5 correlate with the concentration of the at least one indicator in the service fluid.
  • the present invention may provide that one of the indicators or dyes of the service fluid constitute a reference indicator.
  • the reference indicator be provided either in a changing or always constant concentration in the service fluid.
  • measurement signal 8 derived therefrom forms the reference signal.
  • light sensor 7 detects another indicator of the service fluid and, as a function of the concentration of this indicator in the service fluid, generates a measurement signal 9 . Since a relation is established between measurement signal 9 and reference signal 8 , the concentration of the indicator or the concentration ratio of the indicators may always be reliably determined. This may also be accomplished under fluctuating measurement conditions, for example when measurement section 2 is not completely filled with service fluid. Thus, a good measuring result may be obtained under difficult or changing conditions, for example even without a section 15 having a narrowed cross section.
  • the indicators are detected when fresh oil is filled into the machine, so that decomposition products, contamination of or chemical changes in the oil are not able to influence the detection process.
  • FIG. 2 shows the measured absorption spectra of a multiplicity of various engine oils. The measurements clearly show that the absorption declines sharply for all products in the region between approximately 350 and 400 nm. From a wavelength region of approximately 500 nm on, there is still only a very slight absorption, amounting to less than one fourth of that at 300 nm. For most engine oils, the fluorescence even lies substantially below this. Therefore, the use of fluorescent dyes, which absorb and emit in the 500 to 1000 nm wavelength region, presents itself in accordance with the present invention.
  • Various engine oils are marked using different dye mixture ratios of, for example, 1:10, 2:10, 3:10 etc. and, respectively, 10:1, 10:2 etc. Accordingly, the engine oils may be uniquely identified on the basis of the various measurement signal ratios of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 to 10 measured at the two detectors 6 , 7 . Thus, in this example, one derives 19 encoding options.

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US10/559,552 2003-06-04 2004-05-25 Device and method for automatically detecting at least one fluorescent and/or light absorbing indicator contained in a liquid service fluid during the process of filling the service fluid into a machine Active 2025-04-13 US7466400B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10325537A DE10325537B4 (de) 2003-06-04 2003-06-04 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum automatischen Detektieren von wenigstens einem in einem flüssigen Betriebsstoff enthaltenen fluoreszierenden und/oder lichtabsorbierenden Indikator während des Einfüllvorgangs des Betriebsstoffs in eine Maschine
DE103-25-537.0 2003-06-04
PCT/EP2004/005603 WO2004109265A1 (fr) 2003-06-04 2004-05-25 Dispositif et procede pour detecter automatiquement au moins un indicateur fluorescent et/ou photoabsorbant contenu dans un agent de fonctionnement liquide lors du processus de remplissage de l'agent de fonctionnement dans une machine

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US20070064323A1 US20070064323A1 (en) 2007-03-22
US7466400B2 true US7466400B2 (en) 2008-12-16

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US (1) US7466400B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1629265B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4794434B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE10325537B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004109265A1 (fr)

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US20130220009A1 (en) * 2010-11-08 2013-08-29 Kazuteru Hoshishima Fluid body flow visualization device and visualization method
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DE502004002631D1 (de) 2007-02-22
US20070064323A1 (en) 2007-03-22
JP2006526771A (ja) 2006-11-24
EP1629265A1 (fr) 2006-03-01
DE10325537B4 (de) 2006-08-17
EP1629265B1 (fr) 2007-01-10
WO2004109265A1 (fr) 2004-12-16
DE10325537A1 (de) 2005-01-05

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