US7457052B2 - Light shield sheet, optical apparatus, and method of manufacturing light shield sheet - Google Patents
Light shield sheet, optical apparatus, and method of manufacturing light shield sheet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US7457052B2 US7457052B2 US11/197,509 US19750905A US7457052B2 US 7457052 B2 US7457052 B2 US 7457052B2 US 19750905 A US19750905 A US 19750905A US 7457052 B2 US7457052 B2 US 7457052B2
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- light shield
- shield sheet
- aperture
- lens
- thickness
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- Expired - Fee Related, expires
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0018—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for preventing ghost images
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light shield sheet, an optical apparatus, and a method of manufacturing a light shield sheet. Particularly, the present invention relates to a light shield sheet used for a camera, an optical apparatus, and a method of manufacturing a light shield sheet.
- optical components used for these optical apparatus are on the improvement.
- One of important techniques for the optical apparatus is to eliminate unwanted incident light to prevent flare or ghost from occurring in an image.
- the flare is a phenomenon where a bright part appears in an image, which is likely to occur by strong incident light entering a lens, such as when a camera faces a light source.
- the ghost is a phenomenon where an object image is formed in a different position from the right position due to multiple reflection of incident light or the like.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-270506 describes a technique that places a light shield member with a stopper at its end inside a lens-barrel so as to prevent ghost from occurring.
- the present invention has been accomplished to solve the above problems and an object of the invention is thus to provide a light shield sheet having a necessary thickness and capable of preventing ghost and flare from occurring, an optical apparatus, and a method of manufacturing a light shield sheet.
- a light shield sheet having an aperture that restricts a range of light transmission, wherein a thickness of an inner circumference of the light shield sheet in a periphery of the aperture is smaller than a thickness of an outer circumference of the light shield sheet.
- a light shield sheet having an aperture that restricts a range of light transmission, wherein a thickness of an outer circumference of the light shield sheet is 50 ⁇ m and above, and a thickness of an inner circumference of the light shield sheet in a periphery of the aperture is 70% and less of the thickness of the outer circumference of the light shield sheet.
- the periphery of the aperture may be thinned by pressurization.
- an optical apparatus that includes a light shield sheet restricting a range of incident light by an aperture, a lens refracting incident light, and a sensor receiving incident light restricted by the light shield sheet and refracted by the lens, wherein a thickness of an inner circumference of the light shield sheet in a periphery of the aperture is smaller than a thickness of an outer circumference of the light shield sheet.
- an optical apparatus that includes a light shield sheet restricting a range of incident light by an aperture, a lens refracting incident light, and a sensor receiving incident light restricted by the light shield sheet and refracted by the lens, wherein a thickness of an outer circumference of the light shield sheet is 50 ⁇ m and above, and a thickness of an inner circumference of the light shield sheet in a periphery of the aperture is 70% and less of the thickness of the outer circumference of the light shield sheet.
- This structure enables to prevent flare and ghost from occurring due to light reflection on the aperture inner side surface.
- the periphery of the aperture may be thinned by pressurization.
- the lens may be composed of at least two lenses, and the light shield sheet may be placed between the lenses. This structure enables to efficiently prevent flare and ghost from occurring.
- These optical apparatus may be used for a camera.
- a method of manufacturing a light shield sheet that restricts a range of light transmission by an aperture which includes producing a light shield sheet having the aperture, and applying pressure to an inner circumference of the light shield sheet in a periphery of the aperture to reduce a thickness.
- This method enables to manufacture a light shield sheet capable of preventing flare and ghost from occurring due to light reflection on the aperture inner side surface.
- a method of manufacturing a light shield sheet that restricts a range of light transmission by an aperture which includes producing a light shield sheet with a thickness of 50 ⁇ m and above having the aperture, and applying pressure to an inner circumference of the light shield sheet in a periphery of the aperture until a thickness of the inner circumference of the light shield sheet in the periphery of the aperture is reduced to 70% and less of the thickness before pressurization.
- This method enables to manufacture a light shield sheet capable of preventing flare and ghost from occurring due to light reflection on the aperture inner side surface.
- a method of manufacturing a light shield sheet that restricts a range of light transmission by an aperture which includes producing a sheet-like member having a light shielding effect, applying pressure to a periphery of an area where the aperture is to be formed in the sheet-like member to reduce a thickness, and cutting away the aperture and an outer circumference after reducing the thickness of the periphery of the aperture.
- the present invention can provide a light shield sheet having a necessary thickness and capable of preventing ghost and flare from occurring, an optical apparatus, and a method of manufacturing a light shield sheet.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing the structure of an optical apparatus of the present invention
- FIG. 2 shows a top view and a sectional view of a light shield sheet of the present invention
- FIG. 3A shows a top view and a sectional view of a light shield sheet of the present invention
- FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of an aperture inner side surface of a light shield sheet of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of an aperture inner side surface of a light shield sheet of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of an aperture inner side surface of a light shield sheet of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing the size of a light shield sheet the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a process flow of a manufacturing method of a light shield sheet of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a view showing the structure of an optical apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged view showing light focus in the vicinity of a light shield sheet of an optical apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged view showing incident light that crosses in the vicinity of an aperture inner side surface of an optical apparatus
- FIG. 11 is a view showing a pressure device and a light shield sheet after pressure application of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a view showing the structure of an optical apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a view specifying dimensions in the vicinity of an aperture inner side surface of an optical apparatus in Examples and Comparative examples.
- Lens stops involve a flare stop, a field stop and an aperture stop.
- the flare stop avoids unwanted reflection, glare and diffusion inside a lens-barrel or on a lens edge for preventing ghost and flare.
- the field stop restricts a viewing field to a rectangular sensor.
- the aperture stop creates a conjugate point where light emitted from a particular point produces an image at another point to restrict an aperture focal power.
- FIG. 1 is the side view of an optical apparatus that uses a light shield sheet as a flare stop according to the first embodiment.
- An optical apparatus 10 is used for a mobile phone 10 and a digital camera. As shown in FIG. 1 , the optical apparatus 10 has light shield sheets 1 and 2 , lenses 3 , 4 and 5 , a lens-barrel 6 , a filter 7 , and a sensor 8 . A part of the lens-barrel 6 which covers the surface of the lens 1 functions as an aperture stop.
- the light shield sheet 1 is a disc-like sheet that has an aperture in its inner part.
- the light shield sheet 1 is mainly made of plastic such as PET (drawn polyester) and carbon black.
- the light shield sheet 1 has a light shielding effect and functions as a stop to adjust the range of incident light. In view of a simple thickness of the flare stop, a sheet that contains the same amount of carbon black has a lower light shielding effect if it is thinner and has a higher light shielding effect if it is thicker.
- the light shield sheet 2 is also a disc-like sheet with an aperture in its inner part and mainly made of plastic such as PET and carbon black.
- the light shield sheet 2 also has a light shielding effect and prevents light transmission that causes flare and ghost.
- the light shield sheet 1 is placed between the lens 3 and the lens 4 , and the light shield sheet 2 is placed between the lens 4 and the lens 5 . Each light shield sheet is fixed by the upper and lower lenses, thus requiring no adhesive.
- the lenses 3 , 4 and 5 are made of amorphous polyolefin resin, polycarbonate resin, or acrylic resin and formed by injection molding. These lenses refract incident light in combination to make it focused on the sensor 8 .
- the lenses 3 , 4 and 5 fix the light shield sheets 1 and 2 placed therebetween. The positions of the lenses 3 , 4 and 5 are fixed by the lens-barrel 6 .
- the lens-barrel 6 fixes the positions of the lenses 3 , 4 and 5 .
- the lenses 3 , 4 and 5 are placed inside the lens-barrel 6 .
- the glass filter 7 selectively allows visible wavelength light contained in the incident light incoming through the lenses 3 , 4 , and 5 to pass through.
- the sensor 8 has a Charge Coupled Device (CCD), a Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) and so on to convert the light into an electrical signal. The electrical signal is then converted into analog data or digital data that are components of image data shot by a camera.
- CCD Charge Coupled Device
- CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
- incident light is normally refracted by the lenses 3 , 4 and 5 and then light different from visible light is blocked by the glass filter 7 so that the visible light reaches the sensor 8 as shown in FIG. 1 .
- the light shield sheets 1 and 2 are shaped and arranged so as to shield unwanted light. Further, the light shield sheets 1 and 2 are shaped and arranged so as not to obstruct a light transmission area that is determined by the aperture stop.
- the flare and ghost In order to avoid the flare and ghost, techniques to roughen or blacken the inner surface of the lens-barrel and the side surface of the lens have been performed. However, the flare and ghost can be caused by other factors. One cause is reflection of light on an aperture inner side surface of the light shield sheet.
- a light shield sheet manufactured by a general process has the shape shown in FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 2 shows a top view and a sectional view of the light shield sheet.
- the light shield sheet has a uniform thickness.
- the light shield sheet is preferably 50 to 200 ⁇ m thick since a too thin sheet has insufficient light shielding effect, mechanical strength, shape stability, reliability in environments, handling ability in assembling and so on. However, this thickness causes light to be reflected on the aperture internal face, which causes flare and ghost.
- the present invention performs a processing of applying pressure to the inner side surface of the aperture (inner circumference 1 a of the light shield sheet) and its vicinity from above and below to make this part thinner.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B show the shape of the aperture inner side surface after pressure application.
- FIG. 3A shows a top view and a sectional view of the light shield sheet after pressurization.
- FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of the aperture inner side surface of the light shield sheet after pressurization. This processing eliminates the light reflection in the part indicated by the dotted line in the sectional view of FIG. 3B , thereby preventing flare and ghost from occurring.
- the outer circumference of the light shield sheet 1 is indicated by 1 b and the aperture is indicated by 1 c.
- pressure is applied by pressing a hard material such as metal from above and below.
- the shape of the aperture inner side surface after pressurization is not limited to the one shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B .
- the same effect can be achieved if the thickness is reduced compared to before pressurization. Specifically, the effect of preventing flare and ghost can be obtained if the thickness of the aperture inner side surface after pressurization is 70 % or less of the thickness before pressurization. Further, it is possible to reduce the thickness effectively by applying pressure while applying heat.
- the thickness of the aperture inner side surface after pressurization and before pressurization is compared above. Since the thickness of the light shield sheet 1 before pressurization is uniform, the thickness of the aperture inner side surface before pressurization is substantially the same. Though the thickness before pressurization is normally uniform, it is sufficient in this invention that the thickness of the inner circumference 1 a in the periphery of the aperture 1 c of the light shield sheet 1 is 70% or less of the thickness of the outer circumference 1 b . The thickness may gradually increase as it gets away from the inner circumference 1 a and exceed 70% of the thickness of the outer circumference 1 b at some point as shown in FIG. 3 .
- the aperture inner side surface after pressurization may have different shapes. For example, FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows the shape of the light shield sheet when pressure is applied only from below the inner circumference of the light shield sheet.
- FIG. 5 shows the shape of the light shield sheet when lower pressure is applied from above and below. Each case eliminates the light reflection as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 , thereby preventing flare and ghost from occurring.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the light shield sheets 1 and 2 in millimeters.
- light shield sheet material is shaped like a sheet with an extrusion device.
- Main material is PET, and carbon black is added thereto to give a light shielding effect.
- a die with a slit for controlling a sheet thickness is attached to the end of a screw of the extrusion device, and the material is extruded from the die to form a relatively thick sheet. While cooling the sheet, the material is drawn vertically and then drawn horizontally. The molecules of the PET are thereby arranged in the draw direction, thus creating the sheet with an increased tensile strength in both vertical and horizontal directions (S 101 ).
- the thickness of the sheet extruded from the die is adjusted so that the sheet has a desired thickness after the drawing.
- the drawn sheet has a high reflectance, it is feasible to provide blast-finishing to form a diffusion surface in order to reduce the reflectance. It is also feasible to further apply carbon black on the surface in order to increase the light shielding effect according to need.
- the drawn sheet is cut in rectangles (S 102 ).
- the width in the cutting is about twice the outer diameter of a desired light shield sheet and the length is about 50 to 100 m.
- each cut sheet is punched out into a circular shape.
- This step determines the shape of the light shield sheet (S 103 ). It is possible to create a plurality of light shield sheets from each cut sheet. Further, the inner part is also punched out into a circular shape, thereby creating an aperture.
- the top view and the sectional view of the sheet are shown in FIG. 3A .
- step 104 pressure is applied to the aperture in the inner part to make it thinner.
- This processing enables to prevent flare and ghost from occurring due to light reflection on the side face.
- the order of performing the step of punching out the sheet and the step of applying pressure to the aperture may be opposite. If the step of punching out the sheet is performed earlier, it is possible to perform the step of applying pressure highly accurately. On the other hand, if the step of punching out the sheet is performed later, it is possible to perform the step of applying pressure easily.
- the light shield sheet may be used for any one of the light shield sheets 1 and 2 in FIG. 1 to prevent flare and ghost from occurring due to reflection on the aperture inner side surface. Further, since this thin sheet is created by reducing the thickness of a thick sheet, it has a higher light shielding effect than a sheet that is originally thin. Though the above method reduces the thickness of the aperture in the inner part by applying pressure, it is feasible to reduce the thickness of the aperture inner side surface by cutting the aperture obliquely.
- a second embodiment describes an aperture stop.
- FIG. 8 shows the structure of an optical apparatus according to the second embodiment.
- the optical apparatus 20 has a light shield sheet 21 , lenses 22 and 23 , a lens-barrel 24 , a glass filter 25 , and a sensor 26 .
- the structure is the same as that of the first embodiment except for the number of light shield sheets and lenses, and thus not described here.
- FIG. 8 shows the progress of incident light to reach the sensor in this embodiment.
- the chief ray of the incident light passes through the center of an aperture stop by the light shield sheet 21 that also serves as a flare stop, and light rays in the object side and the image side are inverted to produce an image on the sensor. Since the light rays in the object side and the image side cross each other at the position of the aperture stop, reflection is likely to occur on the inner side surface of the light shield sheet 21 .
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged view showing the light focus in the vicinity of the light shield sheet 21 .
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged view showing the incident light crossing in the vicinity of the aperture inner side surface. As shown in FIG. 10 , in a conventional light shield sheet, a part of the crossed incident light does not follow the original path indicated by the dotted line but is reflected at the corner of the aperture inner side surface and does not enter the sensor 26 . This reduces the amount of the light entering the sensor 26 .
- FIG. 11 is a view showing a pressure device and the light shield sheet 21 after pressure application.
- the pressure device 27 applies pressure to the light shield sheet 21 from above and below to reduce the thickness.
- the thickness of the light shield sheet before pressurization is 55 ⁇ m and the thickness after pressurization is 30 ⁇ m.
- This embodiment does not reduce the entire sheet thickness but reduces the thickness of the inner circumference in the periphery of the aperture only because a thicker sheet is preferable in terms of light shielding effect, mechanical strength, shape stability, reliability in environments, handling ability in assembling, and so on.
- FIG. 12 shows the structure of an optical apparatus according to the third embodiment, which includes three lenses as in the first embodiment.
- This structure has a light shield film that functions as an aperture stop on the top surface of the three lenses, thus including three light shield films in total.
- an optical apparatus 30 has light shield sheets 31 and 32 , lenses 33 , 34 and 35 , a lens-barrel 36 , a filter 37 , and a sensor 38 .
- the function of each component is the same as in the first embodiment and thus not described here.
- the optical apparatus having this structure has the same effect as in the first embodiment.
- the structure may have four or more lenses and three or more light shield sheets.
- An optical apparatus needs to have a low height in design particularly in application to a small size camera. If the entire optical length is shorter with respect to the sensor size, a light ray angle with respect to normal is larger.
- Table shows data on Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 about the two lenses in the structure of FIG. 8 .
- An air space and an optical stop are formed between the lenses 22 and 23 having a refractive index of nd at d line.
- Example 2 Example 1 Example 2 nd of lens 22 1.525 1.525 1.525 1.525 1.525 Fundamental R1 1.32 1.24 1.32 1.24 (mm) of lens 22 nd of air 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Air space T(mm) 0.26 0.29 0.26 0.29 nd of lens 23 1.525 1.525 1.525 1.525 Fundamental R2 ⁇ 1.61 ⁇ 1.44 ⁇ 1.61 ⁇ 1.44 (mm) of lens 23 Aperture diameter ⁇ 0.79 ⁇ 0.72 ⁇ 0.79 ⁇ 0.72 D(mm) T/D 0.33 0.40 0.33 0.40 Chief ray 55.5 49.7 55.5 49.7 maximum exit angle (°) Upper ray 53.0 45.3 53.0 45.3 maximum exit angle (°) Lower ray 62.0 59.7 62.0 59.7 maximum exit angle (°) Outer circumference 0.055 0.055 0.055 0.055 thickness (mm) of optical stop 21 Inner circumference 0.03 0.03 0.055 0.055 thickness (mm) of optical stop 21 Flare Invisible Invisible Oc
- FIG. 13 is a view specifying dimensions in the vicinity of an aperture inner side surface of an optical apparatus in Examples and Comparative examples. If the internal diameter of an optical stop is D and the space between the surface R 1 of the lens 22 and the surface R 2 of the lens 23 , which is the thickness of an air layer, is T, the smaller the value of T/D is, the larger a light ray angle.
- Example 1 and Example 2 are different in R 1 and R 2 of the lenses, and the value of T/D is smaller in Example 1 than in Example 2. Thus, the light ray angle is greater in Example 1 than in Example 2.
- the inner circumference of the optical stop 21 is thinner than the outer circumference.
- Comparative Example 1 uses the same lens structure as in Example 1, but the thickness of the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the optical stop 21 is the same.
- Comparative Example 2 uses the same lens structure as in Example 2, but the thickness of the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the optical stop 21 is the same. As shown in Table, occurrence of flare was not recognized in Examples 1 and 2, but recognized in Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- Example 1 T/D is 0.33, the maximum angle of a chief ray is 55.5°, and the maximum angle of an upper ray is 53.0°.
- Example 2 T/D is 0.40, the maximum angle of a chief ray is 49.7°, and the maximum angle of an upper ray is 45.3°.
- the present invention is particularly effective for a small size camera with a short entire optical length such as Examples 1 and 2.
- the effect of the present invention is remarkable in the case where T/D is smaller than 0.5 since the inclination of the chief ray and the upper ray is great and the amount of the light reflected on the inner circumference of the light shield sheet is large.
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Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004-214461 | 2004-07-22 | ||
JP2004232328 | 2004-08-09 | ||
JP2005-086127 | 2005-03-24 |
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US20060018041A1 US20060018041A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
US7457052B2 true US7457052B2 (en) | 2008-11-25 |
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US11/197,509 Expired - Fee Related US7457052B2 (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2005-08-05 | Light shield sheet, optical apparatus, and method of manufacturing light shield sheet |
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US (1) | US7457052B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
JP (1) | JP4794237B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
CN (1) | CN1734306A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
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Also Published As
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US20060018041A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
CN1734306A (zh) | 2006-02-15 |
JP2006079073A (ja) | 2006-03-23 |
JP4794237B2 (ja) | 2011-10-19 |
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