US6689450B2 - Enhanced Al2O3-Ti(C,N) multi-coating deposited at low temperature - Google Patents
Enhanced Al2O3-Ti(C,N) multi-coating deposited at low temperature Download PDFInfo
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- US6689450B2 US6689450B2 US09/817,025 US81702501A US6689450B2 US 6689450 B2 US6689450 B2 US 6689450B2 US 81702501 A US81702501 A US 81702501A US 6689450 B2 US6689450 B2 US 6689450B2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/36—Carbonitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/403—Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
- C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/26—Cutters, for shaping comprising cutting edge bonded to tool shank
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/27—Cutters, for shaping comprising tool of specific chemical composition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
- Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
- Y10T428/24967—Absolute thicknesses specified
- Y10T428/24975—No layer or component greater than 5 mils thick
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
- Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
- Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
Definitions
- Multi-layers of ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 and Ti(C,O) or ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 and TiN have proved to exhibit better wear properties than single oxide layers, see U.S. Pat. No. 5,700,569 and U.S. Ser. No. 09/717,006.
- Ti(C,N) exhibits better wear resistance against crater wear and flank wear in hypoeutectoid steels than TiN (U.S. Ser. No. 09/207,687).
- Ti(C,N) is better that TiN, especially with respect to flank wear.
- Al 2 O 3 is a superior coating material against crater wear.
- adhesion of both ⁇ and ⁇ phases to the MTCVD Ti(C,N) deposited at 800° C. is surprisingly good.
- a coated body wherein the coating comprises a multi-layer of ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 .
- a coated body wherein the coating comprises a multi-layer of ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 and/or ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 layers interspersed with layers of Ti(C,N) on a layer of Ti(C,N).
- a coated body wherein the coating comprises a multi-layer of ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 and ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , each applied by a chemical vapor deposition at a temperature of from 700 to 900° C.
- a coated body wherein the coating comprises a multi-layer of ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 and/or ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 layers interspersed with layers of Ti(C,N) on a layer of Ti(C,N).
- a coated body wherein the coated comprises a multi-layer of ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 and/or ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 layers interspersed with layers of Ti(C,N) on a layer of Ti(C,N) and with a layer of Ti(C,N) atop of the said multi-layer.
- FIG. 1 is a representation of a coated body of the present invention including ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 multi-layers (FIG. 1 a ), ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 with multi-layers (FIG. 1 b ) and a mixed ⁇ - and ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 multi-layer (FIG. 1 c ).
- FIG. 2 is a representation of a coated body of the present invention useful in cutting of SS1672 (FIG. 2 a ) and SS2258 (FIG. 2 b ).
- FIG. 3 shows Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of the cutting edges of single and multi-layer ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 coated inserts after turning of 2, 5 and 8 minutes (9 minutes for the multi-layer ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 coated insert) of SS2258.
- SEM Scanning Electron Microscope
- FIG. 4 shows Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of the cutting edges of single and multi-layer ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 coated inserts after turning of 2, 9 and 15 minutes of SS1678.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic of the coating layer according to this invention.
- the coating is composed of the following layers:
- Multi-layer structure consisting of ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 (FIG. 1 a ), ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 (FIG. 1 b ) or both (FIG. 1 c ), together with MTCVD Ti(C,N) interlayers, all deposited at a temperature of 800-900° C.
- the wear properties of ⁇ are not yet fully elucidated. However, ⁇ is a less stable phase than ⁇ and can be used only in the uppermost layers of the multi-coating structure which will be subjected to the shortest annealing during deposition.
- the Al 2 O 3 layers in the multi-layer (whether ⁇ or ⁇ ) have an individual thickness of from about 0.1 to 3.2 microns, preferably about 0.3 to 1.2 microns.
- the Ti(C,N) layers in the multi-layer have an individual thickness of from about 0.1 to about 3.2 microns, preferably from about 0.3 to about 1.2 microns.
- the total thickness of the multi-layer is from about 3 to about 30 microns, preferably from about 5 to 15 microns.
- the multi-layer may also be deposited onto a Ti(C,N) layer of from about 2 to about 15 microns, preferably from about 3 to 10 microns, which in this instance is the first layer applied onto the body.
- a Ti(C,N) layer of the same thickness can be deposited atop the outermost layer of the alumina.
- the body is preferably formed of a cemented carbide, a cermet, a ceramic, or a high speed steel and the coated body is preferably used as a cutting tool in metal cutting operations.
- the ⁇ - and ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 layers as well as the Ti(C,N) layers are applied by MTCVD (Medium Temperature Chemical Vapor Deposition).
- MTCVD Medium Temperature Chemical Vapor Deposition
- the deposition of the ⁇ - and ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 layers utilize the technique described in my copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/498,334, herein incorporated by reference. In that process, H 2 S is added to the otherwise conventional MTCVD techniques and apparatus in amounts greater than 0.7 vol %, generally 0.75 to 1.7 vol %, preferably greater than 1 up to about 1.5 vol %, of the total gaseous mixture.
- the coating process is performed at temperatures of from about 700 to 900° C., preferably 750 to 850° C., at a pressure of from about 50 to 600 mbar, preferably from about 100 to 300 mbar, for a time sufficient to form the coating, generally from about 2 to 10 hours, preferably from about 4 to 8 hours.
- the deposition of Al 2 O 3 can be carried out at the same temperature as the MTCVD (Ti(C,N) layers, resulting in considerably shorter processes (the heating up/cooling down steps are eliminated) and the deposition of the multi-layer is carried out at relatively low temperature, resulting in no phase transformations.
- the multi-layer coating can be composed of both ⁇ and ⁇ which can simply be controlled by H 2 S.
- the ⁇ phase which is less stable than ⁇ should be situated in the uppermost part (i.e., top half) of the multi-coating layer, if used; and as shown earlier, MTCVD Ti(C,N) exhibits better wear resistance than TiN.
- Ti(C,N) instead of TiN, crater wear resistance in hypo-eutectic steels and flank wear resistance in hyper-eutectic steels will be enhanced.
- Tables 1 and 2 show a summary of the wear properties of different coating in SS1672 and SS2258 (hypo- and hyper-eutectic steels, respectively)
- the coating material may show very different behaviors in these steels. Consequently, different coating structures have to be developed for SS1672 (thin Al 2 O 3 layers+thick Ti(C,N) layers, FIG. 2 a ) and for SS2258 (thick Al 2 O 3 layers+thin Ti(C,N) layers, FIG. 2 b ) in accordance with the knowledge of the skilled artisan. Schematics of the optimized coating structures for these steel are shown in FIGS. 2 a and 2 b.
- Cutting tests were performed in SS1672 and SS2258.
- the coating, according to FIG. 2 a being composed of 6 ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 layers interspersed by layers of Ti(C,N), (total multi-layer thickness 7 ⁇ m) was tested on SS1672 and a coating deposited according to FIG. 2 b , being composed of 5 ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 layers interspersed by layers of Ti(C,N) (total multi-layer thickness 7 ⁇ m) was tested on SS2258.
- Cutting tests were also conducted using inserts having single layers of Al 2 O 3 , TiN and Ti(C, N) as well as a multi-layer of ⁇ -alumina and TiN were compared. The results are given in Tables 3 and 4.
- FIG. 3 A detailed comparison of the behaviors of a single layer and a multi-layer coating (FIG. 2 b ) in turning SS2258, is presented in FIG. 3 .
- the multi-layer coating is superior to the single layer SS2258.
- the flank wear is clearly reduced by the Ti(C,N) coatings.
- both crater wear and flank wear resistance of the multi-layer ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 coated inserts were superior to those of the single ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 coated inserts.
- the effects of the multi-layering is very clear.
- the lifetime of the insert is drastically increased, in particular at 200 m/min more than about 100%.
- SS2258 hypereutectoid steel
- a multi layering results in much more drastically reduced wear than observed earlier in hypoeutectoid steels (U.S. Pat. No. 5,700,569).
- FIG. 4 A detailed comparison of the behaviors of a single layer and a multi-layer coating (FIG. 2 b ) in turning of SS1672, is presented in FIG. 4 .
- the multi-layer coating is superior to the single layer also in SS1672.
- mulitlayers of ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 with Ti(C,N) together with reduced thickness of the alumina layers enhanced the performance of the inserts over the prior art. It appears clear from the SEM micrograph that both crater wear and flank wear resistances were superior to those exhibited by the single layer. In this steel, the flank wear is clearly reduced more than earlier observed when multi-layer coatings of ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 and Ti(C,O) were investigated (U.S. Pat. No. 5,700,569).
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/817,025 US6689450B2 (en) | 2001-03-27 | 2001-03-27 | Enhanced Al2O3-Ti(C,N) multi-coating deposited at low temperature |
ES02445036T ES2250608T3 (es) | 2001-03-27 | 2002-03-15 | Recubrimientos multicapa de kappa y gamma ai203 depositados por cvd a baja temperatura. |
DE60206207T DE60206207T2 (de) | 2001-03-27 | 2002-03-15 | Kappa- und gamma-A1203-Mehrfachbeschichtung,hergestellt durch chemische Gasphasenabscheidung bei niedrigen Temperaturen |
AT02445036T ATE305058T1 (de) | 2001-03-27 | 2002-03-15 | Kappa- und gamma-a1203 mehrfachbeschichtung hergestellt durch chemische gasphasenabscheidung bei niedrigen temperaturen |
EP02445036A EP1245700B1 (en) | 2001-03-27 | 2002-03-15 | Kappa and gamma A1203 multi-coating deposited by low temperature CVD |
JP2002087628A JP2002363750A (ja) | 2001-03-27 | 2002-03-27 | Al2O3−Tiの多層を有する被覆ボディ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/817,025 US6689450B2 (en) | 2001-03-27 | 2001-03-27 | Enhanced Al2O3-Ti(C,N) multi-coating deposited at low temperature |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20020176755A1 US20020176755A1 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
US6689450B2 true US6689450B2 (en) | 2004-02-10 |
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US09/817,025 Expired - Fee Related US6689450B2 (en) | 2001-03-27 | 2001-03-27 | Enhanced Al2O3-Ti(C,N) multi-coating deposited at low temperature |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6689450B2 (es) |
EP (1) | EP1245700B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP2002363750A (es) |
AT (1) | ATE305058T1 (es) |
DE (1) | DE60206207T2 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2250608T3 (es) |
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US20060177584A1 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2006-08-10 | Kennametal Inc. | Alumina coating, coated product and method of making the same |
US20070059559A1 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2007-03-15 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | PVD coated cutting tool |
US20070059558A1 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2007-03-15 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | PVD coated cutting tool |
US20070298232A1 (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2007-12-27 | Mcnerny Charles G | CVD coating scheme including alumina and/or titanium-containing materials and method of making the same |
US20080050614A1 (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2008-02-28 | Helga Holzschuh | AL2O3 multilayer plate |
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US20070298232A1 (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2007-12-27 | Mcnerny Charles G | CVD coating scheme including alumina and/or titanium-containing materials and method of making the same |
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US8231312B2 (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2012-07-31 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp. | Surface-coated cutting tool |
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US20080240876A1 (en) * | 2007-04-01 | 2008-10-02 | Iscar Ltd. | Cutting Insert Having Ceramic Coating |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20020176755A1 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
JP2002363750A (ja) | 2002-12-18 |
DE60206207T2 (de) | 2006-05-04 |
ES2250608T3 (es) | 2006-04-16 |
EP1245700A1 (en) | 2002-10-02 |
ATE305058T1 (de) | 2005-10-15 |
EP1245700B1 (en) | 2005-09-21 |
DE60206207D1 (de) | 2006-02-02 |
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