US6646422B2 - Battery pack - Google Patents

Battery pack Download PDF

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Publication number
US6646422B2
US6646422B2 US09/872,041 US87204101A US6646422B2 US 6646422 B2 US6646422 B2 US 6646422B2 US 87204101 A US87204101 A US 87204101A US 6646422 B2 US6646422 B2 US 6646422B2
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United States
Prior art keywords
field effect
effect transistors
battery pack
charge
control
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Expired - Lifetime
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US09/872,041
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English (en)
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US20020017896A1 (en
Inventor
Masaki Hogari
Shuichiro Maekawa
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Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Sony Corp
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Assigned to SONY CORPORATION reassignment SONY CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MAEKAWA, SHUICHIRO, HOGARI, MASAKI
Publication of US20020017896A1 publication Critical patent/US20020017896A1/en
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Assigned to TOHOKU MURATA MANUFACTURING CO.,LTD reassignment TOHOKU MURATA MANUFACTURING CO.,LTD ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SONY CORPORATION
Assigned to MURATA MANUFACTURING CO., LTD. reassignment MURATA MANUFACTURING CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: TOHOKU MURATA MANUFACTURING CO., LTD
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a battery pack and is applicable to a battery pack based on a lithium-ion secondary battery, for instance.
  • a battery pack based on a lithium-ion secondary battery is adapted to prevent over-voltage charge and under-voltage discharge by use of a control IC for controlling operations of switching field effect transistors.
  • FIG. 6 is a connection diagram showing a battery pack. That is, a battery pack 1 has a secondary battery cell 2 and a protective circuit 3 respectively housed in a predetermined case.
  • the battery pack 1 when mounted to a charging device or a loading device, enables charge and discharge currents to be supplied and outputted between the charging device or the loading device and the secondary battery cell 2 through a positive external terminal 4 A and a negative external terminal 4 B.
  • a terminal voltage of the secondary battery cell 2 and terminal voltage between the positive external terminal 4 A and the negative external terminal 4 B or the like are monitored by use of the control IC 5 to permit switching field effect transistors 6 , 7 placed in a charge and discharge path to be on-off controlled according to the monitoring results. That is, the battery pack 1 is structured that discharge and charge-control N-channel field effect transistors 6 , 7 are placed in series in the charge and discharge path between the negative external terminal 4 B and a negative terminal of the secondary battery cell 2 . Incidentally, parasitic diode is existent between a source and a drain of each of the N-channel field effect transistors 6 , 7 for the structural reasons.
  • the battery pack 1 switches over the discharge-control field effect transistor 6 to the Off-state to prevent under-voltage discharge.
  • the battery pack switches over the charge-control field effect transistor 7 to the Off-state to prevent over-voltage charge.
  • the battery pack 1 applies P-channel field effect transistors 8 , 9 , instead of the N-channel field effect transistors 6 , 7 , to constitute the switching means in some cases as shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the battery pack 31 is structured that the field effect transistors constituting the switching means are connected in parallel to control charge and discharge currents as shown in FIG. 8 by contrast with FIG. 6 . That is, the battery pack 31 is provided to supply a control signal outputted from the control IC to gates of the field effect transistors 6 A, 6 B through a resistor 10 .
  • FIG. 8 shows only the discharge-control field effect transistors 6 A, 6 B without a description of the charge-control field effect transistors. It is to be understood that output impedance of a control signal output terminal in the control IC is considered to be ordinaryly 10 [K ⁇ ] or more, which corresponds to an equivalent circuit having the resistor 10 connected in series.
  • a user sometimes carries the battery pack of this kind in one's hand in use, and as a result, high voltage caused by static electricity is applied to the battery pack on such occasions. While the high voltage caused by the static electricity is limited to about 6 to 15 [kV], application of voltage of several [kV] or more is considered to be enough to cause breakdown of the field effect transistors. Accordingly, it is feared that breakdown of the field effect transistors might be caused by static electricity when the user frequently carries the battery pack in one hand in use.
  • a source-to-drain resistance value of the field effect transistor is increased, resulting in difficulty in using the battery pack structured that each of the charge and discharge-control field effect transistors constituting the switching means is placed individually in the charge and discharge path as described in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • the source-to-drain resistance value is limited to 100 [m ⁇ ] or less in a ordinary condition, while being increased up to 1 [k ⁇ ] or more in consequence of the breakdown as described the above.
  • the breakdown of only one of the parallel connected field effect transistors is supposed to be caused by static electricity.
  • each field effect transistor makes sure of a capacity enough to permit the remaining field effect transistors to apply sufficient charge and discharge currents in some cases.
  • the battery pack if made available for such a case, is considered to be convenient.
  • the conventional battery pack presents a problem in difficulty in making the battery pack available for such a case.
  • the control IC is provided to set the discharge-control field effect transistors 6 A, 6 B to the On-state and the Off-state on the basis of the rise and fall of gate control voltage of the discharge-control field effect transistors 6 A, 6 B.
  • the voltage required for setting the discharge-control field effect transistors to the On-state is set at a value approximately equal to the terminal voltage of the secondary battery cell 2 , for instance.
  • the control IC for use in the lithium-ion secondary battery switches over the field effect transistors 6 A, 6 B from the On-state to the Off-state.
  • the resistor 10 in the battery pack is set to have a resistance value of about 100 [k ⁇ ] so that a gate-to-source resistance value in each of the field effect transistors 6 A, 6 B comes to about 1 to 200 [M ⁇ ] in a ordinary condition.
  • the control IC 5 makes it possible to set the terminal voltage of the control terminals at 4 [V] and 0 [V] for setting the gate voltage of the field effect transistors 6 A, 6 B at 4 [V] and 0 [V] respectively.
  • the least gate-to-source voltage required for maintaining the source-to-drain resistance value of each of the field effect transistors 6 A, 6 B smaller is about 1.5 [V]. Accordingly, the battery pack makes it possible to set the terminal voltage of the control terminals at 4 [V] and 0 [V] for setting the field effect transistors 6 A, 6 B to the On-state and the Off-state.
  • FIG. 9 shows a resistance value of each part in the constitution of the battery pack shown in FIG. 8 without a description of the charge-control field effect transistors.
  • the source-to-drain resistance value of the field effect transistor is given as the total resistance value of the two field effect transistors 6 A, 6 B. According to the table in FIG. 9, since the total source-to-drain resistance value of the field effect transistors after the breakdown by static electricity reaches 2 [k ⁇ ] even if the terminal voltage of the secondary battery cell 2 is set at 4 [V], it is to be understood that supplied discharge current is limited to 2 [mA](4 [V] ⁇ 2 [k ⁇ ]) regardless of short-circuiting of a load. For that reasons, when the breakdown of one of the field effect transistors is caused by the static electricity, the battery pack permits no supply of discharge current as much as 3 [mA] to 10 [A], which is considered to be the discharge current in the ordinary condition.
  • the present invention is made by considering above described points. Accordingly, it would be desired to provide a battery pack having a function of controlling charge and discharge currents by use of parallel-connected field effect transistors, even if breakdown of a part of the field effect transistors is caused, for example, by static electricity.
  • a battery pack having a function of controlling charge current and discharge current by use of parallel-connected field effect transistors constituting charge or discharge-control switching means, available by supplying control voltage to gates of the parallel-connected field effect transistors through resistors of 10 [k ⁇ ] or more, even if breakdown of a part of the field effect transistors is caused by static electricity or the like.
  • a battery pack according to the present invention takes measures to supply control voltage to gates of a plurality of field effect transistors through resistors of 10 [k ⁇ ] or more.
  • the battery pack constituted to supply the control voltage to the gates of the plurality of field effect transistors through the resistors of 10 [k ⁇ ] or more makes it possible to prevent a reduction of other field effect transistor gate voltage, permitting control of charge and discharge currents by use of the other field effect transistors.
  • FIG. 1 is a connection diagram showing a battery pack according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 2A, 2 B are equivalent circuit diagrams showing the peripheral constitution of a field effect transistor gate of the battery pack in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a table for explaining the operation of the battery pack in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a connection diagram showing a battery pack according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a connection diagram showing a battery pack according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a connection diagram showing a battery pack in the related art
  • FIG. 7 is a connection diagram showing a battery pack, in which P-channel field effect transistors are in use, instead of N-channel field effect transistors;
  • FIG. 8 is a connection diagram showing a battery pack structured that field effect transistors are connected in parallel.
  • FIG. 9 is a table for explaining the operation of the battery pack in FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 1 is a connection diagram showing a battery pack according to the first embodiment of the present invention by contrast with the battery pack in FIG. 8 .
  • a battery pack 21 shown in FIG. 1 the constituents similar to those of the battery pack previously described in FIG. 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals without a repetitive description thereof.
  • FIG. 1 shows only discharge-control field effect transistors in the battery pack 21 , it is to be understood that charge-control field effect transistors are similar in constitution to the discharge-control field effect transistors.
  • the battery pack 21 is provided to supply control voltage from a control IC to the respective field effect transistors 6 A, 6 B through respective resistors 22 A, 22 B.
  • a resistance value of each of the resistors 22 A, 22 B is selectively determined to meet the requirements that even if breakdown of any of the field effect transistors is caused by static electricity or the like to reduce the gate-to-source resistance to a smaller value, a gate voltage enough to switch over the other field effect transistor to the On-state may be applied through the rise of control voltage.
  • the control voltage of the protective IC may be expressed as shown in FIG. 2B in the equivalent circuit.
  • the resistance values R 22 A, R 22 B of the resistors 22 A, 22 B are set to meet the requirements that voltage Vth resulting from dividing the voltage of 4(V) as the rise of the control voltage of the control IC 5 together with the output impedance ROUT of the control IC 5 is made higher than voltage enough to switch over the field effect transistors 6 A, 6 B to the On-state.
  • the resistance values R 22 A, R 22 B of the resistors 22 A, 22 B are set at 100 [k ⁇ ] to meet the requirements that the divided voltage Vth is made higher than the voltage enough to switch over the field effect transistors 6 A, 6 B to the On-state while leaving a sufficient margin.
  • control IC 5 provided to on-off control the field effect transistors as the switching means, output impedance ROUT is relatively high in most cases.
  • the control IC provided with the resistor of 10 [k ⁇ ] or more for the gate of each field effect transistor permits sufficient control of charge and discharge by use of the other field effect transistor practically.
  • the battery pack 21 when the battery pack 21 is connected to a load, power of the battery cell 2 is supplied to the load through the positive external terminal 4 A and the negative external terminal 4 B. Further, the terminal voltage of the battery cell 2 is monitored by use of the control IC 5 . When the terminal voltage reaches 2 [V], the control voltage of the control IC 5 is reduced from 4 [V] to 0 [V]. With the reduction of the control voltage from 4 [V] to 0 [V], the source-to-drain resistance value is switched over from 27 [m ⁇ ] to 300 [k ⁇ ] in a parallel circuit of the field effect transistors 6 A, 6 B as shown in FIG. 3 by contrast with FIG. 9 . Accordingly, the field effect transistors 6 A, 6 B are switched over to the Off-state to control the stop of power supplied to the load, resulting in a prevention of under-voltage discharge.
  • the battery pack when the battery pack is connected to a charging device, power of the charging device is supplied to the battery cell 2 through the positive external terminal 4 A and the negative external terminal 4 B. Further, charge voltage is monitored by use of the control IC 5 . Then, when the charge voltage reaches a predetermined value, the control voltage of the control IC 5 is reduced from 4 [V] to 0 [V] with respect to the charge-control field effect transistors (not shown). In this case, the charge-control field effect transistors are also switched over from the On-state to the Off-state to control the stop of charging, resulting in a prevention of over-voltage charge.
  • the source-to-drain resistance value is changed from 57 [m ⁇ ] to 2 [k ⁇ ]
  • the gate-to-drain resistance value is changed from 120 [M ⁇ ] to 1 [k ⁇ ] in the damaged field effect transistor 6 A.
  • the battery pack 1 in case of setting the terminal voltage of the secondary battery cell 2 at about 4 [V] short-circuits the terminals 4 A, 4 B to permit the current of about 2 [mA] to flow.
  • the field effect transistor 6 A is held in the approximately Off-state to be placed in the state that the gate voltage is reduced to approximately 0 [V] as it is.
  • the battery pack 21 makes it possible to apply the voltage enough to switch over the remaining ordinary field effect transistor 6 B to the On-state to the gate of the field effect transistor 6 B through the resistor 22 A provided for the gate of the field effect transistor 6 A on the rise of the control voltage up to 4 [V], permitting control of discharge operation by use of the undamaged-side field effect transistor.
  • the battery pack 21 permits control of charging by use of the undamaged-side field effect transistor in the similar manner.
  • the battery pack since the current of about 2 [mA] is permitted to flow through short-circuiting of the external terminals if the breakdown of one field effect transistor occurs as described the above, the battery pack, when being allowed to stand as it is connected to the load and further to the charging device, is supposed to be in danger of under-voltage discharge and over-voltage charge. However, when the battery pack is connected to the load and the charging device, it is considered that the charge and discharge currents based on the breakdown-side field effect transistor are reduced to a further smaller current value in fact, resulting in no possibility of degrading reliability.
  • the battery pack provided to control charge and discharge currents by use of the parallel-connected field effect transistors is made available by supplying the control voltage to the gates of the field effect transistors through the resistors of about 10 [k ⁇ ] or more.
  • FIG. 4 is a connection diagram showing a battery pack according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • a battery pack 31 is provided to apply control voltage to the resistors 22 A, 22 B through a resistor 32 as shown in FIG. 4 by contrast with the battery pack 21 of FIG. 1 .
  • the constituents similar to those of the battery pack 21 in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals without a repetitive description thereof.
  • the charge-control field effect transistors are also similar in constitution to the discharge-control field effect transistors, and hence, its description will be omitted.
  • a resistance value of the resistor 32 is selectively determined, together with the resistance values of the resistors 22 A, 22 B, to meet the requirements that voltage enough to switch over the ordinary field effect transistor 6 B to the On-state may be applied to the gate of the field effect transistor 6 B on the rise of the control voltage up to 4 [V], regardless of the reduction of the gate voltage of the field effect transistor 6 A, for instance.
  • the resistance value is set at 10 [k ⁇ ]. Incidentally, it is to be understood that the resistance value of the resistor 32 is set to be smaller than that of the resistors 22 A, 22 B.
  • the battery pack even if constituted to apply the control voltage of the control IC 5 to the resistors 22 A, 22 B provided for the respective gates through the resistor 32 , may also have the effects similar to those in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a connection diagram showing a battery pack 41 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the constituents similar to those of the battery pack 21 in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals without a repetitive description thereof.
  • the charge-control field effect transistors are also similar in constitution to the discharge-control field effect transistors and hence, its description will be omitted.
  • the discharge current is controlled by P-channel field effect transistors 8 A, 8 B, instead of the N-channel field effect transistors 6 A, 6 B, while the charge current is also controlled by the parallel-connected P-channel field effect transistors.
  • the battery pack even if applying the P-channel field effect transistors to constitute the switching means, instead of the N-channel field effect transistors, may have also the effects similar to those in the first embodiment.
  • the battery pack provided to control charge and discharge currents by use of the parallel-connected field effect transistors constituting the charge or discharge-control switching means is made available by supplying control voltage to the gates of the field effect transistors through the resistors of 10 [k ⁇ ] or more.
  • a battery pack in accordance with the present invention may be used as a power supply for various electronic apparatus such as a portable computer apparatus.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
US09/872,041 2000-06-02 2001-06-01 Battery pack Expired - Lifetime US6646422B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000170431A JP4491917B2 (ja) 2000-06-02 2000-06-02 バッテリパック
JPP2000-170431 2000-06-02

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US20020017896A1 US20020017896A1 (en) 2002-02-14
US6646422B2 true US6646422B2 (en) 2003-11-11

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US (1) US6646422B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1160954B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4491917B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100782869B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1187861C (fr)
TW (1) TW540176B (fr)

Cited By (7)

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US20050116764A1 (en) * 2003-06-30 2005-06-02 Tamiji Nagai Driving circuit for field effect transistor
US20050127879A1 (en) * 2003-11-14 2005-06-16 Hideyuki Sato Battery pack, battery protection processing apparatus, and startup control method of the battery protection processing apparatus
US20060119316A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2006-06-08 Taichi Sasaki Battery pack, charging control method, and application device
US20060139010A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-06-29 Ligong Wang Method for verifying smart battery failures by measuring input charging voltage and associated systems
US20060139006A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-06-29 Ligong Wang Systems and methods for detecting charge switching element failure in a battery system
US20070182385A1 (en) * 2006-01-31 2007-08-09 Denso Corporation Method and apparatus for calculating battery state and apparatus for controlling power voltage in vehicle
US20070210755A1 (en) * 2006-03-10 2007-09-13 Gunnar Gangstoe Gate driver for a battery pack

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JP4491917B2 (ja) * 2000-06-02 2010-06-30 ソニー株式会社 バッテリパック
JP2006108567A (ja) * 2004-10-08 2006-04-20 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd スイッチング素子およびそれを用いた保護回路
JP2006108568A (ja) 2004-10-08 2006-04-20 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd スイッチング素子およびそれを用いた保護回路
CN100405698C (zh) * 2005-10-04 2008-07-23 美国凹凸微系有限公司 一种电池充电/放电控制电路
JP4844468B2 (ja) * 2007-05-08 2011-12-28 富士電機株式会社 二次電池保護装置及び半導体集積回路装置
JP5434820B2 (ja) * 2010-06-29 2014-03-05 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 給電制御装置及び給電制御方法
CN102403752A (zh) * 2011-04-12 2012-04-04 王晓秋 一种蓄电池放电控制电路及其控制方法
JP5683372B2 (ja) * 2011-04-27 2015-03-11 デクセリアルズ株式会社 充放電制御装置、バッテリパック、電気機器、及び、充放電制御方法
JP2013074749A (ja) * 2011-09-28 2013-04-22 Seiko Instruments Inc 過充電防止回路及び半導体装置
US20140063670A1 (en) * 2012-09-04 2014-03-06 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Battery protection circuit and battery pack including the same
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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050116764A1 (en) * 2003-06-30 2005-06-02 Tamiji Nagai Driving circuit for field effect transistor
US7202633B2 (en) * 2003-06-30 2007-04-10 Sony Corporation Driving circuit for field effect transistor
US7495416B2 (en) * 2003-11-14 2009-02-24 Sony Corporation Battery pack, battery protection processing apparatus, and startup control method of the battery protection processing apparatus
US20050127879A1 (en) * 2003-11-14 2005-06-16 Hideyuki Sato Battery pack, battery protection processing apparatus, and startup control method of the battery protection processing apparatus
CN1658469B (zh) * 2003-11-14 2010-09-08 索尼株式会社 电池组、电池保护处理装置及其启动控制方法
US20060119316A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2006-06-08 Taichi Sasaki Battery pack, charging control method, and application device
US7564214B2 (en) * 2004-12-02 2009-07-21 Sony Corporation Battery pack, charging control method, and application device
US20060139006A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-06-29 Ligong Wang Systems and methods for detecting charge switching element failure in a battery system
US7436151B2 (en) * 2004-12-23 2008-10-14 Dell Products L.P. Systems and methods for detecting charge switching element failure in a battery system
US7518341B2 (en) 2004-12-23 2009-04-14 Dell Product L.P. Method for verifying smart battery failures by measuring input charging voltage and associated systems
US20090167249A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2009-07-02 Dell Products L.P. Method for verifying smart battery failures by measuring input charging voltage and associated systems
US7619392B2 (en) 2004-12-23 2009-11-17 Dell Products L.P. Method for verifying smart battery failures by measuring input charging voltage and associated systems
US20060139010A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-06-29 Ligong Wang Method for verifying smart battery failures by measuring input charging voltage and associated systems
US20070182385A1 (en) * 2006-01-31 2007-08-09 Denso Corporation Method and apparatus for calculating battery state and apparatus for controlling power voltage in vehicle
US7777446B2 (en) * 2006-01-31 2010-08-17 Denso Corporation Method and apparatus for calculating battery state and apparatus for controlling power voltage in vehicle
US20070210755A1 (en) * 2006-03-10 2007-09-13 Gunnar Gangstoe Gate driver for a battery pack
US7595608B2 (en) * 2006-03-10 2009-09-29 Atmel Corporation Gate driver for a battery pack

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JP4491917B2 (ja) 2010-06-30
EP1160954A3 (fr) 2005-06-29
CN1327276A (zh) 2001-12-19
US20020017896A1 (en) 2002-02-14
CN1187861C (zh) 2005-02-02
EP1160954B1 (fr) 2013-02-06
KR100782869B1 (ko) 2007-12-06
JP2001351697A (ja) 2001-12-21
EP1160954A2 (fr) 2001-12-05
TW540176B (en) 2003-07-01
KR20020017931A (ko) 2002-03-07

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