US6199594B1 - Reinforced flexible hose - Google Patents

Reinforced flexible hose Download PDF

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Publication number
US6199594B1
US6199594B1 US09/367,519 US36751999A US6199594B1 US 6199594 B1 US6199594 B1 US 6199594B1 US 36751999 A US36751999 A US 36751999A US 6199594 B1 US6199594 B1 US 6199594B1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
stitches
lines
layer
rows
outside diameter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
US09/367,519
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English (en)
Inventor
Rinaldo Mezzalira
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Fitt SpA
Original Assignee
Fitt SpA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fitt SpA filed Critical Fitt SpA
Priority to US13/295,084 priority Critical patent/USRE43942E1/en
Assigned to FITT S.P.A. reassignment FITT S.P.A. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MEZZALIRA, RINALDO
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US6199594B1 publication Critical patent/US6199594B1/en
Assigned to FITT S.P.A. reassignment FITT S.P.A. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: Vigolo, Valentino
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • F16L11/08—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall
    • F16L11/085—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more braided layers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/20—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting articles of particular configuration
    • D04B21/205—Elongated tubular articles of small diameter, e.g. coverings or reinforcements for cables or hoses
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/02—Reinforcing materials; Prepregs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a flexible hose made of plastic or reinforced rubber, with a tubular braiding made of fabric which can be used in the field of irrigation or in the field of the delivery of pressurized fluids in open or closed circuits.
  • Conventional flexible hoses of the above described type are generally formed by a first tubular inner layer, made of plastic or rubber, on which a tubular fabric is applied for increasing the pressure resistance of the flexible hose, reducing its deformation and increasing its performance.
  • tubular reinforcement fabric is constituted by a series of threads spirally wound on the flexible hose in parallel and equidistant rows and superimposed on an equal number of transverse threads along likewise parallel and equidistant lines which are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the hose so as to form a mesh with diamond-shaped cells.
  • the fabric surrounding the outer surface of the inner layer of plastic is then covered by a further outer layer of plastic or rubber which is generally but not necessarily transparent and fixes the meshed fabric to the flexible hose and protects it.
  • a further outer layer of plastic or rubber which is generally but not necessarily transparent and fixes the meshed fabric to the flexible hose and protects it.
  • a drawback of the above described mesh-reinforced hose is the fact that its flexibility is relatively limited; that is to say, the bending radiuses to which the hose can be subjected are rather wide with respect to knit hoses.
  • Another conventional type of flexible hose is the one in which the braiding that surrounds the outer part of the hose is formed by knitting instead of weaving.
  • EP-A-0 527 512 in the name of this same Applicant, discloses a hose provided with a particular knit reinforcement in which the individual stitches are shaped like trapezoidal loops with filaments which interweave in the corners. This type of knit reinforcement has the virtue of making the hose stronger than similar knit flexible hoses.
  • knitting is a special weaving which is obtained by means of one or more threads which are mutually linked with more or less complex turns, also known as loops or basic stitches, which give the knit fabric great elasticity.
  • So-called chain knitting is constituted by a series of mutually parallel threads which are fed by multiple spools and are curved so as to form an equal number of lines of stitches which are interlocked both in the weft direction and in the chain direction; their interweaving produces a transverse series of rows of stitches and a longitudinal series of lines of stitches or cords.
  • One of the commercially most frequent flexible hoses is the one in which the knitting is of the tricot chain type, where this term describes a stitch in which each thread forms the stitch by interweaving with one or more threads to its right and with one or more threads to its left.
  • the flexible hose with tricot knitting is more flexible, since notoriously the knitting yields as the diameter of the hose increases because of the pressure increase, on the other hand the shortcoming of knitted fabric, and especially of tricot-knitted fabric, is that as the pressure increases, the hose is subjected to a torsional effect by the fluid which flows under pressure inside it. This is due to the helical orientation of the rows of stitches which, by contrast with the substantially longitudinal orientation of the lines, cause an unbalanced reaction, and particularly torque, in the hose.
  • EP-A-0 623 776 in the name of this same Applicant discloses a hose which includes, from the inside outward: an inner layer of plastic or rubber which has an outer surface; a chain-knit part, which has rows and lines of stitches, and has a tubular shape and is wound in a single layer around the outer surface of the inner layer; and an outer stitch protection layer; wherein the lines and rows of stitches are inclined in opposite directions with substantially the same inclination with respect to the longitudinal axis of the hose in order to eliminate the effects of the torque produced by the pressure loads inside the hose.
  • An aim of the present invention is to eliminate the above described drawbacks.
  • a further aim of the invention is to provide a correlation between the various parameters of the braiding and those of the inner layer, such as to eliminate the torque produced on the knitted fabric by the pressure of the fluid, without thereby renouncing flexibility and bursting pressure resistance characteristics.
  • a flexible hose according to the invention which in accordance with the content of the first claim includes: at least one inner tubular layer of plastic or rubber which has an outside diameter and a longitudinal axis; a knitted reinforcement of the chain type, which has rows of substantially parallel stitches and lines of substantially parallel stitches with respective stitch counts per unit length in a longitudinal direction, the knitted reinforcement layer being provided in the form of a single tubular layer and being wrapped-around the outer surface of the inner tubular layer coaxially thereto, the rows and lines of stitches being substantially helical with respective longitudinal pitches and inclinations which are mutually opposite with respect to the longitudinal axis, so as to eliminate the torque applied by the pressure of the fluid inside it; and an outer layer which is superimposed on the reinforcement layer to protect it; characterized in that the longitudinal pitch of the lines of stitches is substantially proportional to the square of the outside diameter of the inner layer.
  • the pitch of the lines of stitches must increase as the inner diameter but not according to a linear relation but rather according to a quadratic relation, in order to effectively contrast the rotation induced by the uncoiling of the helical threads of the stitches.
  • the longitudinal pitch of the rows of stitches can be kept substantially constant and independent of the outside diameter of the inner layer.
  • the number of lines of stitches per unit length of the hose is directly proportional to the outside diameter of the inner layer.
  • FIG. 1 is a view of a portion of the flexible hose according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the hose of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the main parameters of the chain knitting of the reinforcement braiding according to the invention with respect to the outside diameter of the inner layer.
  • the flexible hose according to the invention is formed by an inner layer 2 made of polymeric or elastomeric material such as PVC, natural or synthetic rubber, which is essentially tubular and has a longitudinal axis Y which coincides with the axis of the flexible hose, an inner surface which has an inside diameter ⁇ i , and an outer surface which has a diameter ⁇ o .
  • an inner layer 2 made of polymeric or elastomeric material such as PVC, natural or synthetic rubber, which is essentially tubular and has a longitudinal axis Y which coincides with the axis of the flexible hose, an inner surface which has an inside diameter ⁇ i , and an outer surface which has a diameter ⁇ o .
  • a chain-knitted part is knitted on the inner layer 2 and is formed by substantially helical rows 4 of stitches, which are mutually parallel and have an inclination angle ⁇ with respect to the axis Y of the hose 10 of FIG. 2, and by lines 5 which are also substantially helical and have an inclination angle B with respect to the axis Y, but in the opposite direction with respect to the rows 4 .
  • the rows and lines have respective longitudinal pitches P m and P r . Furthermore, the linear count or number of lines per unit length (100 mm) of the rows or stitches is respectively N m and N r .
  • the constant K of formula (1) is generally between 0.35 and 0.50 mm ⁇ 1 and is preferably equal to approximately 0.45 mm ⁇ 1 .
  • the knitted reinforcement of the hose of FIG. 1 is formed by chain stitches of the tricot type. These stitches are formed directly on the hose by so-called knitting machines which are commercially available and whose stitch-forming method is well-known.
  • the longitudinal pitch P m of the rows of stitches can be kept substantially constant and independent of the outside diameter ⁇ o of the inner layer.
  • the number N r of lines of stitches per unit length of the hose is substantially directly proportional to the outside diameter ⁇ o .
  • angles ⁇ and ⁇ are generally mutually different, but their sum is approximately constant and equal to, or slightly smaller than, 90° as the value of the outside diameter ⁇ o of the inner layer 2 varies.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the lines of stitches 5 is substantially proportional to the square root of the outside diameter ⁇ o of the inner layer 2 .
  • N m is substantially constant and is between 30 and 40 rows per 100 mm, with an average value of 35 rows per 100 mm.
  • the number of lines per unit length N r is substantially proportional to the outside diameter ⁇ o of the inner layer 2 and is between 10 and 16 rows per 100 mm.
  • an outer layer 6 made of plastic or rubber locks the chain knitting thus formed on the surface of the hose, as occurs besides in all known flexible hose structures.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
US09/367,519 1997-02-20 1997-04-25 Reinforced flexible hose Ceased US6199594B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/295,084 USRE43942E1 (en) 1997-02-20 1997-04-25 Reinforced flexible hose

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT97VI000031A IT1292955B1 (it) 1997-02-20 1997-02-20 Struttura di tubo flessibile rinforzato.
ITVI97A0031 1997-02-20
PCT/EP1997/002155 WO1997041719A2 (en) 1997-02-20 1997-04-25 Reinforced flexible hose

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13295084 Reissue 1997-04-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US6199594B1 true US6199594B1 (en) 2001-03-13

Family

ID=11426278

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/367,519 Ceased US6199594B1 (en) 1997-02-20 1997-04-25 Reinforced flexible hose
US13/295,084 Expired - Lifetime USRE43942E1 (en) 1997-02-20 1997-04-25 Reinforced flexible hose

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/295,084 Expired - Lifetime USRE43942E1 (en) 1997-02-20 1997-04-25 Reinforced flexible hose

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (2) US6199594B1 (ja)
EP (1) EP0960297B1 (ja)
JP (3) JP2001511232A (ja)
AT (1) ATE219825T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU732003B2 (ja)
DE (1) DE69713624T2 (ja)
DK (1) DK0960297T3 (ja)
ES (1) ES2179325T3 (ja)
IL (1) IL130955A0 (ja)
IT (1) IT1292955B1 (ja)
PT (1) PT960297E (ja)
WO (1) WO1997041719A2 (ja)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050120471A1 (en) * 2003-12-09 2005-06-09 Lim Howard T.S. Toilet system attached a multi-purpose hand held water sprayer
US20070051418A1 (en) * 2005-09-02 2007-03-08 Rowles Brian A Multilayer tubes
US20090233566A1 (en) * 2008-03-11 2009-09-17 Tsung-Ling Li Demodulator with output level calibration
WO2010032996A2 (ko) * 2008-09-19 2010-03-25 Jeong Inseon 수지호스
ITVI20100217A1 (it) * 2010-07-30 2012-01-31 Fitt Spa Struttura di tubo flessibile con rinforzo interlacciato
US9046201B1 (en) 2012-01-04 2015-06-02 Schieffer Co. International L.C. High pressure highly flexible, stable in length, thermoplastic hose and method of making the same
US9945054B2 (en) 2011-06-24 2018-04-17 Federal-Mogul Powertrain, Llc High temperature resistant weft knit textile sleeve and method of construction thereof
USD886251S1 (en) * 2017-09-20 2020-06-02 Fitt S.P.A. Flexible pipe
US10981349B2 (en) * 2017-06-27 2021-04-20 Fitt S.P.A. Ultra-lightweight reinforced flexible hose
US10995434B2 (en) * 2017-01-12 2021-05-04 Fitt S.P.A. Reinforced flexible hose, process for making same as well as production line for manufacturing thereof
US20220275885A1 (en) * 2019-11-22 2022-09-01 Fitt S.P.A. Flat flexible hose for transporting fluids

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19856815A1 (de) 1998-12-09 2000-06-15 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Umflechten von Kabeln, Kabeladern und Schläuchen.
ITPN20000030A1 (it) * 2000-05-18 2001-11-18 Uniflex Utiltime Spa Tubo flessibile, in particolare per irrigazione
DE20010082U1 (de) * 2000-06-06 2001-07-19 REHAU AG + Co., 95111 Rehau Schlauch
DE102006022675A1 (de) * 2006-05-16 2007-11-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Druckschlauch
IT1368875B (it) 2006-06-13 2009-12-30 Fitt Spa Tubo flessibile con additivi plastificanti non ftalici per il trasporto di liquidi alimentari
ITVI20060185A1 (it) 2006-06-16 2007-12-17 Fitt Spa Tubo flessibile in materiale termoplastico privo di agenti plastificanti liquidi
ITVI20080188A1 (it) 2008-08-05 2010-02-06 Fitt Spa Tubo flessibile ad aspetto metallizzato.
AU2010247012A1 (en) 2009-05-12 2011-11-03 Fitt S.P.A. Reinforced flexible hose with high pressure strenght and method for its manufacturing
EP2375118B1 (en) 2010-04-08 2012-12-19 Fitt Spa Use of a thermoplastic PVC compound with vegetables fillers for manufacturing flexible hoses and method thereof
KR101283425B1 (ko) * 2011-04-18 2013-07-08 권순일 내진보강구조를 갖는 플렉시블형 관 연결구
DE102011108971A1 (de) * 2011-07-29 2013-01-31 Marcus Greger Schlauch mit Verstärkungswendel undmiteinander verbundenen Fäden
WO2015080607A1 (en) 2013-11-27 2015-06-04 Cell-Fast Sp. Zo.O. Flexible hose
DE202015104050U1 (de) 2015-08-03 2016-11-04 Rehau Ag + Co Schlauch, insbesondere Gartenschlauch

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3253618A (en) * 1963-10-28 1966-05-31 Raychem Corp Reinforced article and process
US3682202A (en) * 1970-01-22 1972-08-08 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Reinforced hose
US3921674A (en) * 1974-03-18 1975-11-25 Dayco Corp Hose construction and method of making same
US4044799A (en) * 1968-04-29 1977-08-30 The Gates Rubber Company Cellular wall hose and method for making same
US4091063A (en) * 1974-07-11 1978-05-23 Dayco Corporation Hose construction and method of making same
US4308896A (en) * 1979-12-31 1982-01-05 Burlington Industries, Inc. Fabric reinforced hose
DE3408251A1 (de) * 1984-03-07 1985-09-12 Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg Schlauch aus gummi oder gummiaehnlichem werkstoff
US4553568A (en) * 1983-12-19 1985-11-19 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Shape restoring hose
US4679599A (en) * 1985-02-08 1987-07-14 The Gates Rubber Company Safety hose
US4989643A (en) * 1988-12-20 1991-02-05 Chase-Walton Elastomers, Inc. High performance composite hose
US5264262A (en) * 1991-08-30 1993-11-23 Tokai Rubber Industries, Inc. Refrigerant transporting hose having inner tube including resin layer
US5477888A (en) * 1993-05-13 1995-12-26 Fitt Spa Chain mesh network hose

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD214349A1 (de) * 1983-03-28 1984-10-10 Thueringen Gummiwerke Veb Flaschenverschluss aus elastischem kunststoff
CA2151652A1 (en) * 1995-02-10 1996-08-11 Douglas Bruce Wood Helically knit hose product

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3253618A (en) * 1963-10-28 1966-05-31 Raychem Corp Reinforced article and process
US4044799A (en) * 1968-04-29 1977-08-30 The Gates Rubber Company Cellular wall hose and method for making same
US3682202A (en) * 1970-01-22 1972-08-08 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Reinforced hose
US3921674A (en) * 1974-03-18 1975-11-25 Dayco Corp Hose construction and method of making same
US4091063A (en) * 1974-07-11 1978-05-23 Dayco Corporation Hose construction and method of making same
US4308896A (en) * 1979-12-31 1982-01-05 Burlington Industries, Inc. Fabric reinforced hose
US4553568A (en) * 1983-12-19 1985-11-19 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Shape restoring hose
DE3408251A1 (de) * 1984-03-07 1985-09-12 Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg Schlauch aus gummi oder gummiaehnlichem werkstoff
US4679599A (en) * 1985-02-08 1987-07-14 The Gates Rubber Company Safety hose
US4989643A (en) * 1988-12-20 1991-02-05 Chase-Walton Elastomers, Inc. High performance composite hose
US5264262A (en) * 1991-08-30 1993-11-23 Tokai Rubber Industries, Inc. Refrigerant transporting hose having inner tube including resin layer
US5477888A (en) * 1993-05-13 1995-12-26 Fitt Spa Chain mesh network hose

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
European Patent Application 0623776 Rinaldo Mezzalira, Sep. 1994. *
European Patent Application 0726416 Douglas Bruce Wood, Aug. 1996 *

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050120471A1 (en) * 2003-12-09 2005-06-09 Lim Howard T.S. Toilet system attached a multi-purpose hand held water sprayer
US20070051418A1 (en) * 2005-09-02 2007-03-08 Rowles Brian A Multilayer tubes
US20090233566A1 (en) * 2008-03-11 2009-09-17 Tsung-Ling Li Demodulator with output level calibration
US7957698B2 (en) * 2008-03-11 2011-06-07 Mediatek Inc. Demodulator with output level calibration
WO2010032996A2 (ko) * 2008-09-19 2010-03-25 Jeong Inseon 수지호스
WO2010032996A3 (ko) * 2008-09-19 2010-07-29 Jeong Inseon 수지호스
CN102159864A (zh) * 2008-09-19 2011-08-17 郑寅善 树脂软管
WO2012014122A1 (en) * 2010-07-30 2012-02-02 Fitt S.P.A. Flexible hose structure with a interlaced reinforcement
ITVI20100217A1 (it) * 2010-07-30 2012-01-31 Fitt Spa Struttura di tubo flessibile con rinforzo interlacciato
US8770233B2 (en) 2010-07-30 2014-07-08 Fitt S.P.A. Flexible hose structure with a interlaced reinforcement
US9945054B2 (en) 2011-06-24 2018-04-17 Federal-Mogul Powertrain, Llc High temperature resistant weft knit textile sleeve and method of construction thereof
US9046201B1 (en) 2012-01-04 2015-06-02 Schieffer Co. International L.C. High pressure highly flexible, stable in length, thermoplastic hose and method of making the same
US10995434B2 (en) * 2017-01-12 2021-05-04 Fitt S.P.A. Reinforced flexible hose, process for making same as well as production line for manufacturing thereof
US10981349B2 (en) * 2017-06-27 2021-04-20 Fitt S.P.A. Ultra-lightweight reinforced flexible hose
USD886251S1 (en) * 2017-09-20 2020-06-02 Fitt S.P.A. Flexible pipe
US20220275885A1 (en) * 2019-11-22 2022-09-01 Fitt S.P.A. Flat flexible hose for transporting fluids
US11774010B2 (en) * 2019-11-22 2023-10-03 Fitt S.P.A. Flat flexible hose for transporting fluids
US20230366491A1 (en) * 2019-11-22 2023-11-16 Fitt S.P.A. Flat flexible hose for transporting fluids
US12038105B2 (en) * 2019-11-22 2024-07-16 Fitt S.P.A. Flat flexible hose for transporting fluids

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL130955A0 (en) 2001-01-28
WO1997041719A3 (en) 1997-12-24
PT960297E (pt) 2002-11-29
WO1997041719A2 (en) 1997-11-13
IT1292955B1 (it) 1999-02-11
EP0960297B1 (en) 2002-06-26
DK0960297T3 (da) 2002-10-14
JP2010100062A (ja) 2010-05-06
DE69713624T2 (de) 2003-02-06
AU2638897A (en) 1997-11-26
ITVI970031A1 (it) 1998-08-20
ES2179325T3 (es) 2003-01-16
JP2013166375A (ja) 2013-08-29
JP2001511232A (ja) 2001-08-07
DE69713624D1 (de) 2002-08-01
EP0960297A2 (en) 1999-12-01
ATE219825T1 (de) 2002-07-15
USRE43942E1 (en) 2013-01-29
AU732003B2 (en) 2001-04-12

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