US5709081A - Exhaust gas system for a combustion engine with exhaust driven turbo charge - Google Patents

Exhaust gas system for a combustion engine with exhaust driven turbo charge Download PDF

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Publication number
US5709081A
US5709081A US08/744,067 US74406796A US5709081A US 5709081 A US5709081 A US 5709081A US 74406796 A US74406796 A US 74406796A US 5709081 A US5709081 A US 5709081A
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United States
Prior art keywords
exhaust
catalytic converter
internal combustion
combustion engine
temperature
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Expired - Fee Related
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US08/744,067
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English (en)
Inventor
Claus Bruestle
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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Priority to US08/744,067 priority Critical patent/US5709081A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
    • B01D53/9454—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2053—By-passing catalytic reactors, e.g. to prevent overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine with an exhaust turbocharger and at least one catalytic converter.
  • the catalyst is located downstream from the turbocharger, a very long period of time elapses until the catalyst reaches its operating temperature, because in this case the mass of the turbocharger, which is still cold at the start, removes the heat from the exhaust.
  • German Patent Document DE-A1 23 44 022 teaches a device for reducing the emissions content in the exhaust from engines in which thermal reactors located both upstream of and downstream of a turbocharger turbine are provided to avoid exhaust emissions. A complete chemical reaction is produced in the exhaust, and at the same time the energy liberated from the reactor located upstream of the turbocharger turbine is used to drive the turbocharger.
  • German Patent Document DE-A1 25 49 934 in an engine with an exhaust turbocharger, to provide a catalyst upstream of or downstream of an exhaust turbocharger and to provide in parallel, a bypass line between the engine and a rear muffler which is downstream from both the exhaust turbocharger and the catalyst.
  • the bypass line is opened when the charging pressure generated in the exhaust turbocharger exceeds a predetermined amount.
  • the invention is intended to solve the problem of providing an exhaust system for an engine with a turbocharger, said engine being provided with 3-way catalyzers for exhaust emissions control, shortening the delay until exhaust emission control begins after the engine is started.
  • the second catalytic converter located upstream from the turbocharger because of its position immediately behind the engine, is subjected to much higher exhaust temperatures when it is traversed by the exhaust after the engine starts, it reaches its operating temperature within a short time and hence can purify the exhaust effectively because no energy is removed from the exhaust by the mass of the turbocharger.
  • the second catalytic converter in its conducting state, conducts the exhaust stream without significant losses and thus permits boosting of the exhaust turbocharger turbine with optimum efficiency. At the same time this arrangement of the second catalytic converter is especially protected against thermal overload.
  • a common feature of all the embodiments of the invention is the protection of the exhaust turbocharger turbine against destruction of the turbine wheel by loosening of small particles from the so-called "wash coat,” in other words the coating on the second catalytic converter, by the hot exhaust gas stream, said particles then being hurled against the turbine wheel by the exhaust stream with high energy.
  • the position of the first catalytic converter can be chosen more widely since it is no longer necessary to locate the first catalytic converter directly downstream from the exhaust turbocharger for the fastest possible heating during the starting phase of the engine.
  • the single drawing Figure schematically depicts an internal combustion engine with an exhaust turbocharger and a catalytic converter arrangement constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • An engine 1 draws in fresh air through an intake line 2, said air passing through exhaust turbocharger 3 and pressure line 4 through an intercooler 5 and a throttle valve 6 first into intake manifold 23 and then into engine 1.
  • the exhaust stream from engine 1 is released into the open through an exhaust system 7.
  • the exhaust gases initially flow through an exhaust manifold 10 mounted on engine 1 and through a primary catalytic converter 11 into an exhaust turbine 12 on exhaust turbocharger 3 and then through a main catalytic converter 13 into the surrounding atmosphere.
  • an oxygen sensor 14 determines the oxygen content of the exhaust stream.
  • fresh air can be fed into exhaust manifold 10 through a secondary air inlet 15.
  • Primary catalytic converter 11 is designed as a switching catalytic converter. It consists of a housing 26 with an inlet 16, an outlet 17, and a catalyst body 18 made in the form of a ring, and located therebetween in housing 26.
  • a bypass pipe 19 is located concentrically within body 18 of the catalytic converter and insulated therefrom. Between inlet 16 and bypass pipe 19 and between outlet 17 and bypass pipe 19 an annular gap is formed, so that the exhaust stream can pass through both catalytic converter body 18 and bypass pipe 19.
  • Inlet 16, bypass pipe 19, and outlet 17 are aligned with one another, the diameter of the inlet 16 and the effective diameter of the outlet 17 being greater than the effective diameter of the bypass pipe 19.
  • a control flap 20 is also provided in bypass pipe 19, said flap shutting off bypass pipe 19 and actuated by a vacuum control unit 21.
  • Vacuum control unit 21 is connected by a line 22 with intake manifold 23 of engine 1, with line 22 having a solenoid valve 24.
  • Solenoid valve 24 is controlled through a signal lead 25 by a control device, not shown.
  • control flap 20 In the resting state, i.e. when solenoid valve 24 is not energized, control flap 20 is open.
  • the vacuum prevailing in intake manifold 23 acts on vacuum control unit 21, whose working stroke closes control flap 20.
  • the control device evaluates the temperature of the exhaust system and delivers a signal for as long as the temperature is below a preset value. The temperature is measured in this case by a temperature sensor in or on main catalytic converter 13 and the temperature threshold is set at 300° C. so that the main catalytic converter reaches its minimum operating temperature.
  • the control device determines that the temperature of main catalytic converter 13 is less than 300° C.
  • the control device therefore delivers a signal through lead 25 to solenoid valve 24 and the vacuum, obtained through line 22 from intake manifold 23, closes control flap 20 by means of vacuum control unit 21.
  • the exhaust stream from engine 1 then passes completely through body 18 of the catalytic converter, heating it rapidly so that exhaust purification likewise begins quickly.
  • exhaust turbine 12 and main catalytic converter 13 are also heated, with a time delay.
  • the control device detects that main catalytic converter 13 has reached its minimum operating temperature of 300° C., it closes solenoid valve 24 and vacuum control device 21 moves control flap 20 into its open position.
  • the exhaust stream of engine 1 passes through primary catalytic converter 11 nearly completely through bypass pipe 19, with catalytic converter body 18 no longer being effective, despite the fact the exhaust is flowing through it.
  • pressure fluctuations in the exhaust stream also pass unimpeded through primary catalytic converter 11 so that shock supercharging of exhaust turbine 12 is possible.
  • the catalytic converter body is not heated any further, and in particular it does not reach the temperature of the exhaust stream that develops under full load, which would lead to thermal overload, in other words destruction of the body of catalytic converter 18.
  • the main catalytic converter 13 on the other hand is protected against these temperatures by its distance from engine 1 and by its position downstream from exhaust turbine 12.
  • Blowing in fresh air by means of secondary air line 15 also improves the exhaust behavior of engine 1 following a cold start.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
US08/744,067 1993-10-15 1996-11-04 Exhaust gas system for a combustion engine with exhaust driven turbo charge Expired - Fee Related US5709081A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/744,067 US5709081A (en) 1993-10-15 1996-11-04 Exhaust gas system for a combustion engine with exhaust driven turbo charge

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4335153A DE4335153C2 (de) 1993-10-15 1993-10-15 Abgasanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Abgas-Turbolader
DE4535153.0 1993-10-15
US31907394A 1994-10-06 1994-10-06
US08/744,067 US5709081A (en) 1993-10-15 1996-11-04 Exhaust gas system for a combustion engine with exhaust driven turbo charge

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US31907394A Continuation 1993-10-15 1994-10-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US5709081A true US5709081A (en) 1998-01-20

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US08/744,067 Expired - Fee Related US5709081A (en) 1993-10-15 1996-11-04 Exhaust gas system for a combustion engine with exhaust driven turbo charge

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5709081A (it)
JP (1) JPH07180543A (it)
DE (1) DE4335153C2 (it)
FR (1) FR2711183B1 (it)
GB (1) GB2282766B (it)
IT (1) IT1270020B (it)

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5787706A (en) * 1993-12-30 1998-08-04 Ab Volvo Exhaust gas purification device
US5850734A (en) * 1995-09-18 1998-12-22 Corning Incorporated Close-coupled catalytic converter system
US6089211A (en) * 1996-03-05 2000-07-18 Swissauto Engineering S.A. Spark ignition engine with pressure-wave supercharger
US6354078B1 (en) * 1996-02-22 2002-03-12 Volvo Personvagnar Ab Device and method for reducing emissions in catalytic converter exhaust systems
US6397588B1 (en) * 1999-09-14 2002-06-04 Emitec Gesellschaft Fur Emissionstechnologie Mbh Catalytic converter for cleaning exhaust gas and exhaust gas purification assembly with a catalytic converter
US6519931B2 (en) * 2001-03-23 2003-02-18 Hitachi, Ltd. Direct gasoline injection type spark igniting internal combustion engine with turbocharger and the engine control method
US20050005597A1 (en) * 2001-04-12 2005-01-13 Emitec Gesellschaft Fur Emissionstechnologie Mbh Exhaust system
FR2859760A1 (fr) * 2003-09-15 2005-03-18 Renault Sa Dispositif et procede perfectionnes de gestion d'energie chimique et cinetique de gaz d'echappement
US20050097888A1 (en) * 2003-11-11 2005-05-12 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine and control method thereof
WO2005077075A2 (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-25 Southwest Research Institute Method of improving performance of emission control devices by controlling exhaust oxygen content
EP1611328A2 (en) * 2003-03-27 2006-01-04 Richard K. Squires Turbo system and method of installing
US20060021335A1 (en) * 2004-07-29 2006-02-02 Caterpillar, Inc. Exhaust treatment system having particulate filters
US20060046894A1 (en) * 2004-08-09 2006-03-02 Kyle Ronald L Hybrid vehicle with exhaust powered turbo generator
US7308788B1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2007-12-18 International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc Engine and method for counteracting face plugging of a diesel oxidation catalyst
US7412824B1 (en) 2005-12-19 2008-08-19 Miratech Corporation Catalytic converter system for diesel engines
US20100100300A1 (en) * 2008-09-23 2010-04-22 Alexander Nelson Brooks Powerplant and related control system and method
US20100139269A1 (en) * 2007-04-16 2010-06-10 Continental Automotive Gmbh Turbocharged internal combustion engine and method
US20110011082A1 (en) * 2009-07-14 2011-01-20 Southwest Research Institute Emissions Control System Having External Turbocharger Wastegate and Integrated Oxidation Catalyst
US20120117962A1 (en) * 2009-07-24 2012-05-17 Vandyne Ed Rich fuel mixture super-turbocharged engine system
US20130014502A1 (en) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-17 Denso Corporation Supercharging apparatus for vehicle
US8443602B2 (en) 2010-03-30 2013-05-21 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Closely-coupled exhaust aftertreatment device for a turbocharged internal combustion engine
US10233756B2 (en) 2013-08-27 2019-03-19 Garrett Transportation I Inc. Two-sided turbocharger wheel with differing blade parameters

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JPH08303216A (ja) * 1995-05-08 1996-11-19 Fuji Oozx Inc 内燃機関用タペットの製造方法
DE19525667A1 (de) * 1995-07-14 1997-01-16 Audi Ag Vorrichtung an einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Abgasturbolader
EP0808999A1 (en) * 1996-05-20 1997-11-26 Fuji Oozx Inc. Purification control device for exhaust gas
DE10021421A1 (de) * 2000-05-03 2002-02-28 Audi Ag Vorrichtung zur Abgasreinigung
DE10026359B4 (de) * 2000-05-27 2010-10-14 Volkswagen Ag Abgasreinigungsanlage für eine fremdgezündete, aufgeladene Verbrennungskraftmaschine und Verfahren zum Betrieb derselben
DE10328168A1 (de) * 2003-06-24 2005-01-13 Daimlerchrysler Ag Katalysatorbauteil und Abgasanlage
DE102008057572B4 (de) * 2008-11-15 2021-09-02 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Abgasanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102009015898B4 (de) * 2009-04-01 2022-05-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Einrichtung zur Abgasnachbehandlung für eine Kraftfahrzeug-Brennkraftmaschine
DE102009038841A1 (de) 2009-08-25 2011-03-03 Volkswagen Ag Abgasleitung einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einem zwischen einem Abgaskrümmer und einem Gehäuse einer Turbolader-Turbine angeordneten Abgaskatalysator
DE102010029989A1 (de) * 2010-06-11 2011-12-15 Abb Turbo Systems Ag Wärmetauscher im Abgasstrang einer Brennkraftmaschine
GB2584845B (en) * 2019-06-17 2021-06-23 Ford Global Tech Llc An after treatment system and method of operating an after-treatment system for an engine
DE102020215307A1 (de) 2020-12-03 2022-06-09 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Abgasturbolader mit Katalysator und einen solchen aufweisendes Hybridfahrzeug

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DE2549934A1 (de) * 1975-11-07 1977-05-12 Porsche Ag Brennkraftmaschine mit einem aus einer abgasturbine und einem von dieser angetriebenen ladegeblaese gebildeten abgas-turbolader
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Cited By (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5787706A (en) * 1993-12-30 1998-08-04 Ab Volvo Exhaust gas purification device
US5850734A (en) * 1995-09-18 1998-12-22 Corning Incorporated Close-coupled catalytic converter system
US6354078B1 (en) * 1996-02-22 2002-03-12 Volvo Personvagnar Ab Device and method for reducing emissions in catalytic converter exhaust systems
US6089211A (en) * 1996-03-05 2000-07-18 Swissauto Engineering S.A. Spark ignition engine with pressure-wave supercharger
US6397588B1 (en) * 1999-09-14 2002-06-04 Emitec Gesellschaft Fur Emissionstechnologie Mbh Catalytic converter for cleaning exhaust gas and exhaust gas purification assembly with a catalytic converter
US6519931B2 (en) * 2001-03-23 2003-02-18 Hitachi, Ltd. Direct gasoline injection type spark igniting internal combustion engine with turbocharger and the engine control method
US20050005597A1 (en) * 2001-04-12 2005-01-13 Emitec Gesellschaft Fur Emissionstechnologie Mbh Exhaust system
US8166750B2 (en) * 2001-04-12 2012-05-01 Emitec Gesellschaft Fuer Emissionstechnologie Mbh Exhaust system
US7963033B2 (en) 2003-03-27 2011-06-21 Squires Turbo Systems, Inc. Remotely mountable turbo system and method of installing
EP1611328A4 (en) * 2003-03-27 2010-06-02 Richard K Squires TURBOCHARGER SYSTEM AND MOUNTING METHOD
US7469539B2 (en) * 2003-03-27 2008-12-30 Squires Turbo System, Inc. Turbo system and method of installing
EP1611328A2 (en) * 2003-03-27 2006-01-04 Richard K. Squires Turbo system and method of installing
US20070107429A1 (en) * 2003-03-27 2007-05-17 Squires Richard K Turbo system and method of installing
FR2859760A1 (fr) * 2003-09-15 2005-03-18 Renault Sa Dispositif et procede perfectionnes de gestion d'energie chimique et cinetique de gaz d'echappement
US7178327B2 (en) * 2003-11-11 2007-02-20 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine and control method thereof
US20050097888A1 (en) * 2003-11-11 2005-05-12 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine and control method thereof
US20050193723A1 (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-09-08 Southwest Research Institute Method of improving performance of emission control devices by controlling exhaust oxygen content
US7162861B2 (en) * 2004-02-10 2007-01-16 Southwest Research Institute Method of improving performance of emission control devices by controlling exhaust oxygen content
WO2005077075A3 (en) * 2004-02-10 2006-06-08 Southwest Res Inst Method of improving performance of emission control devices by controlling exhaust oxygen content
WO2005077075A2 (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-25 Southwest Research Institute Method of improving performance of emission control devices by controlling exhaust oxygen content
US20060021335A1 (en) * 2004-07-29 2006-02-02 Caterpillar, Inc. Exhaust treatment system having particulate filters
US20120228040A1 (en) * 2004-08-09 2012-09-13 Kyle Ronald L Hybrid vehicle with exhaust powered turbo generator
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ITMI941953A0 (it) 1994-09-27
FR2711183B1 (fr) 1998-04-30
GB9420803D0 (en) 1994-11-30
DE4335153A1 (de) 1995-04-20
GB2282766A (en) 1995-04-19
GB2282766B (en) 1997-05-14
IT1270020B (it) 1997-04-16
ITMI941953A1 (it) 1996-03-27
JPH07180543A (ja) 1995-07-18
DE4335153C2 (de) 1995-09-21
FR2711183A1 (fr) 1995-04-21

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