US5670172A - Pharmaceutical spheroid formulation - Google Patents

Pharmaceutical spheroid formulation Download PDF

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Publication number
US5670172A
US5670172A US08/426,065 US42606595A US5670172A US 5670172 A US5670172 A US 5670172A US 42606595 A US42606595 A US 42606595A US 5670172 A US5670172 A US 5670172A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
controlled release
weight
diltiazem
amount
composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US08/426,065
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English (en)
Inventor
Ian Richard Buxton
Helen Critchley
Stewart Thomas Leslie
Derek Allan Prater
Ronald Brown Miller
Sandra Therese Antoinette Malkowska
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Euro Celtique SA
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Euro Celtique SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB919117361A external-priority patent/GB9117361D0/en
Priority claimed from GB919122967A external-priority patent/GB9122967D0/en
Application filed by Euro Celtique SA filed Critical Euro Celtique SA
Priority to US08/426,065 priority Critical patent/US5670172A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US5670172A publication Critical patent/US5670172A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/55—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5005—Wall or coating material
    • A61K9/501—Inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5005—Wall or coating material
    • A61K9/5015—Organic compounds, e.g. fats, sugars
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5005—Wall or coating material
    • A61K9/5021—Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/5036—Polysaccharides, e.g. gums, alginate; Cyclodextrin
    • A61K9/5042—Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. phthalate or acetate succinate esters of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
    • A61K9/5047—Cellulose ethers containing no ester groups, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5073—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals having two or more different coatings optionally including drug-containing subcoatings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/08—Vasodilators for multiple indications
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/12—Antihypertensives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a controlled release preparation and to a process for its preparation.
  • a controlled release preparation containing diltiazem.
  • Diltiazem is a calcium antagonist which has been shown to be useful in treating chronic heart disease such as hypertension and angina.
  • the present invention is related to a controlled release composition
  • a controlled release composition comprising spheroid cores comprising diltiazem or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in an amount effective to render a therapeutic effect, and optionally a spheronizing agent, the cores being coated with a controlled release material in an amount effective to provide a controlled release of diltiazem when said composition is exposed to aqueous solutions.
  • the controlled release layer is provided in an amount suitable to provide a once daily dosage regimen.
  • the present invention is also related to a process for preparing a controlled release oral dosage preparation of diltiazem, comprising (a) granulating a mixture comprising diltiazem or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with water and optionally a spheronizing agent; (b) extruding the granulated mixture to obtain an extrudate; (c) spheronizing the extrudate until spheroid cores are formed; (d) drying the spheroid cores; and (e) coating the spheroid cores with a controlled release material. Thereafter, the coated spheroid cores are filled into capsules or sachets or compressed into tablets in an amount effective to provide a therapeutic dosage of diltiazem when ingested orally by a patient.
  • the resultant controlled release formulation of diltiazem is a one-a-day dosage.
  • Diltiazem is a calcium antagonist (calcium channel blocker) commonly available as the hydrochloride salt and having the chemical name 1,5-Benzothiazepin-4(5H)one,3-(acetyloxy)-5- 2-(dimethylamino)-ethyl!-2,3-dihydro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-, monohydrochloride, (+) -cis-.
  • Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts of diltiazem for use according to the present invention include pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts.
  • the hydrochloride salt is particularly preferred.
  • a controlled release pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention is one that achieves slow release of a drug over an extended period of time and extends the duration of drug action over that achieved by conventional delivery.
  • spheroid is conventional in the pharmaceutical art and means a spherical granule having a diameter of between 0.1 mm and 2.5 mm, especially between 0.5 mm and 2 mm.
  • the spheroid cores for use according to the present invention preferably contain from about 40% to about 98%, more preferably from about 60% to about 85%, and most preferably from about 70% to about 85% by weight of diltiazem or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • the spheronizing agent may comprise any pharmaceutically acceptable material which may be spheronized together with the active ingredient to form spheroid cores.
  • a preferred spheronizing agent is microcrystalline cellulose.
  • the microcrystalline cellulose employed may be, for example, Avicel PH 101 or Avicel PH 102 (TMFMC Corporation).
  • the spheronizing agent when present, is present in an amount of from 1% to 60%, and preferably from 15% to 40%, by weight of the spheroid cores.
  • the spheroid cores may also contain other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and diluents which facilitate spheronization such as pharmaceutically acceptable sugars (for example sucrose, dextrose, maltose or lactose) or pharmaceutically acceptable sugar alcohols (for example mannitol, xylitol or sorbitol). Colorants may also be included in the spheroid core.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable sugars for example sucrose, dextrose, maltose or lactose
  • pharmaceutically acceptable sugar alcohols for example mannitol, xylitol or sorbitol.
  • Colorants may also be included in the spheroid core.
  • the spheroid cores are coated with a material which permits release of the diltiazem at a controlled rate in an aqueous medium.
  • Suitable controlled release coating materials include those well known in the art such as water insoluble waxes and polymers such as polymethacrylates (for example, Eudragit polymersTM) or, preferably, water insoluble celluloses (for example, alkylcelluloses such as ethylcellulose).
  • the coating may also include water soluble polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone or, preferably, a water soluble cellulose such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and/or hydroxypropylcellulose. It will be appreciated that the ratio of water insoluble to water soluble material will depend on the release rate required and the solubility of the materials selected. The ratio of water soluble polymer to water insoluble polymer is preferably from about 1:20 to about 1:2.
  • the controlled release coating preferably includes one or more pharmaceutically acceptable plasticizers conventional in the art such as diethylphthalate, or, preferably, dibutyl sebacate; surfactants such as sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan monolaurate, or, preferably, polysorbate 80 (Tween 80TM); and tack-modifiers, such as talc, or, preferably, colloidal anhydrous silica.
  • plasticizers conventional in the art such as diethylphthalate, or, preferably, dibutyl sebacate
  • surfactants such as sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan monolaurate, or, preferably, polysorbate 80 (Tween 80TM)
  • tack-modifiers such as talc, or, preferably, colloidal anhydrous silica.
  • the amount of plasticizer, when present, will depend on the particular plasticizer selected. In general, the plasticizer is present in an amount from about 1% to about 25% by weight of the controlled release film coat.
  • the surfactant, when present, is suitably present in an amount from about 1% to about 25% by weight of the controlled release film coat.
  • the tack-modifier, when present, is also suitably present in an amount from about 1% to about 25% by weight of the controlled release film coat.
  • a preferred controlled release film coating in accordance with the present invention comprises from about 50% to about 95% ethylcellulose, from about 5% to about 15% colloidal anhydrous silica, from about 5% to about 15% dibutyl sebacate, and from about 5% to about 15% polysorbate 80 (Tween 80TM).
  • the controlled release film coating layer can be formed on the surface of the diltiazem-containing spheroid cores using conventional coating methods, for example fluidized bed or pan coating.
  • the coating materials may be applied as a solution or suspension. Suitable solvent systems include water, dichloromethane, ethanol, methanol, isopropyl alcohol and acetone mixtures thereof, and the like.
  • the coating solution or suspension preferably contains from about 2% to about 60%, and preferably from about 2% to about 20% by weight of coating materials.
  • the amount of the controlled release coating material applied onto the spheroid cores will depend on the desired release rate. Generally, the amount of the controlled release coating material in the formulation is in the range of from about 1% to about 25%, and preferably from about 2% to about 8%, by weight of the composition.
  • the controlled release composition according to the invention may be prepared by:
  • compositions according to the invention may be filled into capsules or sachets or compressed into tablets using conventional pharmaceutical techniques.
  • the composition according to the present invention may be orally administered once daily.
  • the dosage form contains from 120 mg to 300 mg to diltiazem or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, preferably diltiazem hydrochloride.
  • Example 1 diltiazem capsules were prepared in accordance with the present invention.
  • diltiazem hydrochloride and microcrystalline cellulose were blended using a high shear mixer. The mixture was wet granulated, and extruded to give an extrudate which was spheronized and dried in a fluid bed drier. The spheroids were sieved to give a particle size of 0.85 to 1.7 mm.
  • the diltiazem spheres had the composition set forth in Table 1 below:
  • the controlled release film coating ingredients ethylcellulose, colloidal anhydrous silica, dibutyl sebacate, and polysorbate 80, were dispersed in a dichloromethane/methanol solvent system.
  • the amounts of the above materials used to prepare the coating are set forth in Table 2 below:
  • the controlled release film coat was then applied to the diltiazem spheroid cores in a fluid bed coater.
  • the resulting film coated spheroids were sieved.
  • the coated spheroids were filled into gelatin capsule shells. Further information is provided in Table 3 below:

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
US08/426,065 1991-08-12 1995-04-21 Pharmaceutical spheroid formulation Expired - Lifetime US5670172A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/426,065 US5670172A (en) 1991-08-12 1995-04-21 Pharmaceutical spheroid formulation

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB919117361A GB9117361D0 (en) 1991-08-12 1991-08-12 Oral dosage form
GB911761 1991-08-12
GB919122967A GB9122967D0 (en) 1991-10-29 1991-10-29 Pharmaceutical composition
GB9122967 1991-10-29
US92650192A 1992-08-05 1992-08-05
US08/426,065 US5670172A (en) 1991-08-12 1995-04-21 Pharmaceutical spheroid formulation

Related Parent Applications (1)

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US92650192A Continuation 1991-08-12 1992-08-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US5670172A true US5670172A (en) 1997-09-23

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US08/426,065 Expired - Lifetime US5670172A (en) 1991-08-12 1995-04-21 Pharmaceutical spheroid formulation
US08/666,636 Expired - Lifetime US5601845A (en) 1991-08-12 1996-06-18 Pharmaceutical spheroid formulation

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US08/666,636 Expired - Lifetime US5601845A (en) 1991-08-12 1996-06-18 Pharmaceutical spheroid formulation

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US (2) US5670172A (no)
EP (1) EP0527637B1 (no)
JP (1) JP3019235B2 (no)
KR (1) KR100221695B1 (no)
CN (1) CN1052398C (no)
AT (1) ATE165513T1 (no)
AU (1) AU651715B2 (no)
CA (1) CA2075356A1 (no)
DE (1) DE69225278D1 (no)
ES (1) ES2115643T3 (no)
FI (1) FI923582A (no)
IL (1) IL102778A (no)
NO (1) NO304406B1 (no)
PH (1) PH31288A (no)

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CA2075356A1 (en) 1993-02-13
FI923582A0 (fi) 1992-08-11
JPH05201867A (ja) 1993-08-10
CN1069408A (zh) 1993-03-03
JP3019235B2 (ja) 2000-03-13
NO304406B1 (no) 1998-12-14
ATE165513T1 (de) 1998-05-15
AU2088092A (en) 1993-02-18
ES2115643T3 (es) 1998-07-01
EP0527637B1 (en) 1998-04-29
IL102778A (en) 1999-05-09
NO923128D0 (no) 1992-08-11
US5601845A (en) 1997-02-11
NO923128L (no) 1993-02-15
FI923582A (fi) 1993-02-13
IL102778A0 (en) 1993-01-31
DE69225278D1 (de) 1998-06-04
EP0527637A1 (en) 1993-02-17
CN1052398C (zh) 2000-05-17
KR930003906A (ko) 1993-03-22
AU651715B2 (en) 1994-07-28
KR100221695B1 (ko) 1999-09-15
PH31288A (en) 1998-07-06

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