US5274684A - Apparatus for assembling a nuclear fuel assembly - Google Patents

Apparatus for assembling a nuclear fuel assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
US5274684A
US5274684A US07/966,008 US96600892A US5274684A US 5274684 A US5274684 A US 5274684A US 96600892 A US96600892 A US 96600892A US 5274684 A US5274684 A US 5274684A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
grids
assembling
fuel rods
assembly
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US07/966,008
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English (en)
Inventor
Masashi Yoshida
Akio Sando
Junichi Oyama
Katsunori Ohuchi
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Mitsubishi Nuclear Fuel Co Ltd
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Mitsubishi Nuclear Fuel Co Ltd
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Application filed by Mitsubishi Nuclear Fuel Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Nuclear Fuel Co Ltd
Assigned to MITSUBISHI NUCLEAR FUEL CO. reassignment MITSUBISHI NUCLEAR FUEL CO. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: OHUCHI, KATSUNORI, OYAMA, JUNICHI, SANDO, AKIO, YOSHIDA, MASASHI
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/30—Assemblies of a number of fuel elements in the form of a rigid unit
    • G21C3/32—Bundles of parallel pin-, rod-, or tube-shaped fuel elements
    • G21C3/334—Assembling, maintenance or repair of the bundles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for assembling a nuclear fuel assembly, and an apparatus for performing such a task.
  • Fuel assemblies such as the one disclosed in U.S. Pat. NO. 5,068,081 shown in FIG. 7 have been known.
  • the numerals 1 and 2 refer to a top and a bottom nozzles, respectively, which are disposed vertically and oppositely spaced apart, and between the top nozzle 1 and the bottom nozzle 2 are a plurality of rigidly fixed control-rod guide pipes 3 (hereinbelow referred to as guide pipes 3), and in the midway section of the control-rod guide pipes 3 are a plurality of grids 4 disposed vertically and spaced apart from each other.
  • the grids 4 are, as shown in FIGS. 8, 9 and 10, constructed of a plurality of straps 7 made of thin metal strips which have slits 8 provided at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction.
  • a plurality of grid cell spaces 5 (hereinbelow referred to as grid cells 5) are formed.
  • the fuel rod 6 is held firmly in the grid 5, by means of a pair of holding means consisting of a dimple 9 and a spring 10 disposed on opposing walls.
  • the fuel rod 6 inserted into a grid cell 5 is pressed against the dimples 9 by the springs 10 as illustrated in FIG. 10, thereby supporting the fuel rod 6 firmly by the springs 10.
  • the grids 4 are placed apart with a certain distance (positioning of grids).
  • the guide pipes 3 are inserted into the predetermined and corresponding grid cells 5 of each of the grids 4, and are then rigidly attached to the grids 4 by bulge forming.
  • the fuel rods 6 are inserted into the predetermined and corresponding grid cells 5 of each of the grids 4, by sliding the rods 6 against the springs 10 and dimples 9.
  • the rods 6 are thereby secured in the grid cells 5 via the pressing force exerted by the springs 10 and dimples 9.
  • the top and bottom nozzles 1 and 2 are firmly mounted to the opposite ends of the respective guide pipes 3.
  • the rods 6 are inserted, by sliding over the holding device (composed of dimples 9 and springs 10 ), into the spaces of the grid cells 5 after the guide pipes 3 have been rigidly attached to the grids 4. Because of the procedure, the guide pipes 3 are placed under slight non-uniform compressive stresses transmitted from the fuel rods 6 through to the grids 4. Further detailed explanations are provided in the preferred embodiments of the invention, but it suffices to mention that one of the contributions of the present invention is that the completed assembly shows very little distortion, as a result of the invented process of assembling the fuel assembly.
  • the present invention was made in consideration of such problems associated with the conventional assembling method of the fuel assembly, and a purpose is to present a method of assembling the fuel assembly so as to prevent the generation of the distortion of the assembly as described above., and to present an apparatus for performing such a task.
  • the springs formed on the wall of the grid cell and protruding out into the cell space are deactivated by means of key means for deactivating the holding means and then a fuel rod is inserted into the grid. Then the key means is removed from the grid cell to activate the springs so as to provide a firm holding of the fuel rod in the grid.
  • the next step is to insert control rod guide pipes into the designated grid cells, and rigidly fixing the control rod guide pipe to the grid.
  • the explanations on the apparatus for assembling a fuel assembling are based on the fuel rods, shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, travelling from left to right in the illustration.
  • the entry-side (left) is defined as the side from which the fuel rods enter some object, and the exit-side (right) is defined as the side from which the fuel rods exit.
  • the apparatus for assembling the fuel assembly in the present invention comprises:
  • the fuel rods are inserted into the grids, then the springs are reactivated to hold the fuel rods firmly therein.
  • the control rod guide pipes are then inserted into the designated grid cells and are rigidly fixed to the grids.
  • the top and the bottom nozzles are installed to complete the steps of manufacturing a fuel assembly.
  • guiding means are effective in preventing damages being introduced to the fuel rods, by preventing sagging of the fuel rods while entering the grid cells and causing possible damage to the rod surface or to the grids 4.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of the apparatus for assembling the fuel assembly in a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration showing the joint between a grid and a control rod guide pipe.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the steps for an assembling method according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic drawing showing the assembling method according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is an oblique view of a tube used for the assembling apparatus according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is an oblique view of a tube used for a variation of the assembling apparatus according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a side view of the conventional nuclear fuel assembling apparatus.
  • FIG. 8 is a front view of the straps used for forming the grid cells.
  • FIG. 9 is a view showing the inserted fuel rods in the grid cells.
  • FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a grid cell shown in FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the steps involved in a conventional method of assembling the fuel assembly.
  • FIG. 1 A first embodiment of the invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the structures which are common to the conventional assembly are given the same designations, and their detailed explanations are omitted.
  • the explanations on the apparatus for assembling a fuel assembly are based on the fuel rods, shown in FIG. 1, travelling from left to right in the illustration.
  • the entry-side (left) is defined as the side from which the fuel rods enter some object
  • the exit-side (right) is defined as the side from which the fuel rods exit the object.
  • the assembling apparatus shown in FIG. 1 comprises: a rectangular parallelepiped shaped fuel rod magazine 20 (shown on the left side of the illustration) which supports a plurality of horizontally placed fuel rods 6; a push-out mechanism 30 (driving means) which pushes the fuel rods 6 to the exit-side of the assembling apparatus; a plurality of support frames 40 which are arranged outward of the exit-side of the fuel rod magazine 20, in such a way that open sections of the grid cells 5 face toward the fuel rod magazine 20; a plurality of fuel rods support rollers (guiding means) 50 which are disposed at the entry-side of the support frames 40 (i.e.
  • the grids 4 of the first embodiment are provided with a plurality of sleeves 4a extending out in one direction, as shown schematically in FIG. 2, at those grid cells 5 where the guide pipes 3 are to be inserted. (This figure shows only one such sleeve for the purpose of illustration.)
  • the push-out mechanism 30 comprises: a push plate 32 having a plurality of push rods 31 extending toward the fuel rod magazine 20; a threaded screw support 33 which supports the push plate 32 and provide means for the vertical adjustments thereof; a base 34 which supports the threaded screw support 33; a cylinder 35 to provide longitudinal movement of the base 34; and a pair of rails 36 providing a freely sliding movement to the base 34.
  • the support frames 40 are disposed on the upper portion of a raising mechanism 80 which performs the function of raising the fuel assembly when the assembling operation is completed.
  • the raising mechanism 80 comprises: a rotating base 81 in a form of an extending plate which is disposed at one end of the fuel rod magazine 20 and along the longitudinal direction of the fuel rod magazine 20; rotating means 82 which provides a driving power so as to raise the rotating base 81 from the horizontal position to an inclined position.
  • the fuel rods support roller 50 is supported on a frame 51 provided on the side region of the rotating base 81, and is freely rotatable around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the fuel rods 6.
  • the frame 51 is supported by means of a plurality of threaded screw supports 52 which are freely movable vertically.
  • the expander jig 60 is provided, at the tip end (the extreme left portion of the jig 60 in FIG. 1), with a known expander device for the guide pipe 3 freely movable longitudinally on the base support 61, and is power driven into the guide pipe 3 provided on the grid 4 supported on the support frames 40.
  • the key means manipulator 70 comprises: a leg section 71 which is disposed vertically on the side region of the raising mechanism 80, and which is movable freely in the longitudinal direction of the raising mechanism 80; an arm section 72 which is attached rotatably to the leg section 71 and an arm section 73 which is attached rotatably to the arm section 72; a sideways U-shaped guide section 74 attached to the end of the arm 73; and key means operating device (not shown) accompanying the guide section 74.
  • the function of the key means operating device is to deactivate the spring 10 by inserting key means (not shown) into the grid 4, and to reactivate the spring 10 by removing the key means therefrom.
  • the insertion rollers 90 comprise: two main rollers 91 ⁇ 92 which are horizontally disposed one above and one below the fuel rods, and which are rotated by a power means; a frame 93 which freely rotatably supports the rollers 91 ⁇ 92; a threaded screw support 94 which supports the frame 93 freely movable vertically; and a cylinder 96 which moves the threaded screw support 94 transversely (perpendicular to the fuel rods 6) via the roller plate 95.
  • the stopper plate 100 comprises: a rectangular shaped positioning plate 101 (positioning means) and a cylinder 102 which is disposed on the side region of the positioning plate 101, and which moves the positioning plate 101 transversely.
  • the positioning plate 101 there is no particular restriction to the positioning plate 101, so long as it can move approximately transversely to the fuel rods, both vertically and horizontally.
  • a grid 4 is set to each of the supporting frames 40 (grid positioning).
  • key means are inserted into each grid 4, thereby placing the spring 10 on the grid 4 in the deactivating position.
  • the key means insertion operation can also be carried out manually.
  • the push-out mechanism 30 is adjusted so as to place the push rods 31 to correspond with the fuel rods 6 stored at the topmost position of the fuel rod magazine 20, and, by retracting the cylinder 35, the topmost fuel rods 6 are pushed toward the grid 4.
  • the exiting fuel rods 6 pass between the main rollers 91 ⁇ 92, which then drive the fuel rods 6 into the inside of the grid cells 5 of the first grids 4.
  • the fuel rods 6 continue their travel through the first grids 4 and continue on into the grid cells 5 of the next set of grids 4, while the bottom surface of the fuel rods is being supported by the fuel rod support rollers 50.
  • the tip of the exiting fuel rods 6 are prevented from sagging due to their own weight. Otherwise, the sagging of the tip of the fuel rods 6 may cause scratches (fine surface damage) to the surface of the fuel rods or damages to the grids 4 due to mechanical interference of the straps 7, which form the grids 4, with the fuel rods.
  • An advantage of the present apparatus is that by providing support to the moving fuel rods 6, the generation of surface damage such as fine scratches is avoided, thereby maintaining the high quality of the fuel assembly.
  • the cylinder 35 of the push-out mechanism 30 is extended to return the push plate 32 to the starting position.
  • the threaded screw support 33 of the push-out mechanism 30 is lowered slightly so that the push rods 31 correspond with the fuel rods 6 in the second tier of the fuel rod magazine 20.
  • the positions of the main rollers 91 ⁇ 92 and of the fuel rod support roller 50 are also adjusted slightly lower to correspond with the fuel rods 6 in the second tier of the fuel rod magazine 20. Then, the fuel rods 6 in the second tier are pushed into each of the grids 4 as before.
  • the key mean manipulator 70 is again operated to take out the key means from the grids 4. This operation place the springs 10 in contact with the surface of the fuel rods 6 (activated) in the grids 4, thereby firmly holding the fuel rods 6 within the grids 4.
  • the fuel rod magazine 20 is removed, and the required number of guide pipes 3 are inserted in the sleeves 4a provided on each grids 4, using the installation process similar to that described for the fuel rods 6.
  • the expander jig 60 is advanced into the inside of the guide pipes 3, and the bulging tool at the tip of the expander jig 60 is placed to correspond with the position of the sleeve 4a of the grids 4 situated farthest from the expander jig 60 (the left of FIG. 1).
  • the guide pipes 3 and the sleeves 4a are bulge formed as shown in FIG. 2 with the use of the expander jig 60, thereby fixing the relative position of the grid 4 and the guide pipes 3 within the fuel assembly.
  • FIG. 4 A second embodiment of the assembling apparatus will be explained with reference to FIG. 4.
  • the features common to the first embodiment will be given the same reference numeral, and the detailed explanations are omitted.
  • the difference between the first and the second embodiments is that, in the second embodiment, the fuel rod magazine 20 is rotated through an angle of 45 degrees around the longitudinal axis thereof, and the grids 4 and the expander jig 60 are, correspondingly, rotated through the same angle.
  • a tube driving mechanism 130 which comprises: longitudinal flexible nylon tubes 131 extensible in the direction of the fuel rods 6; a pick-up roller 133 which winds the tubes 131 on a drum 132; a motor 134 which rotates the pick-up roller 133; the driving rollers 135, disposed between the drum 132 and the fuel rod magazine 20, and arranged so that one roller is above and the other below the tube 131 so as to pinch the tubes 131 therebetween to drive the tubes 131 into the fuel rod magazine 20; a roller cover 136 which is disposed between the driving rollers 135 and the drum 132; and a support base 137 of the push-out mechanism 130 vertically movable as a whole.
  • the fuel rods 6 were supported by support rollers 50 before they entered the grids 4, but in the second embodiment, this has been replaced with guide plates 150 (guiding means) having a number of notches sufficient to accept two tiers of fuel rods 6.
  • the height of the guide plate 150 is adjusted by means of the threaded screw supports 151.
  • the key means manipulator 70 was disposed on the side region of the raising mechanism 80, but in the second embodiment, the key means manipulator mechanism 170 was disposed above the fuel rod magazine 20.
  • the key means manipulator mechanism 170 is disposed so that it saddles the fuel rod magazine 20, and comprises: a leg 171 of an inverted U-shape which is movable in the longitudinal direction of the fuel rod magazine 20; a table 172 which is disposed on the upper exit-side of the leg 171, and which is movable in the X-Y direction (illustrated in FIG. 4); a shaft 173 disposed on the exit-side of the table 172 (right in FIG.
  • the grids 4 are placed on each of the support frames 40, and by operating the key means manipulator mechanism 170, key means are inserted into the grids 4 to deactivate the springs provided on each grid 4.
  • the position of the tube 131 is adjusted to correspond with the fuel rods 6 located at the topmost level (the apex of the grids 4 in FIG. 4), and only those tubes 131 corresponding to the fuel rods 6 are driven in the direction of the fuel rods magazine 20, thereby pushing the respective fuel rods 6 in the grid direction.
  • the exiting fuel rods 6 are supported by means of the guide plate 150 from the underside, and are then inserted into the grids 4.
  • the extended tubes 131 are wound back onto the pick-up roller 133 to return the tubes 131 to the initial position.
  • the support base 137 is lowered to a position to correspond with the next tier of fuel rods 6, which are pushed out and inserted into the grids 4 as in the above process.
  • both the fuel rod magazine 20 and the grids 4 are inclined at 45 degrees, it becomes possible to utilize the gravity of the key means weight in the step of inserting the key means into the grids 4 with the use of the key means manipulator mechanism 170, thereby providing an advantage that the key means insertion operation is simplified.
  • the fuel rod magazine 20 and the grids 4 were rotated through 45 degrees about a longitudinal axis thereof, but any angle in a range of not less than 10 degrees and not more than 80 degrees is effective for a gravity assisted operation.
  • the most preferred range is not less than 40 degrees and not more than 50 degrees of inclination.
  • the tubes 131 were made of nylon.
  • the tips of the tubes 131 are protected by installing a freely extendable outer tube 138, made of titanium, which is shaped like an extending antenna, and installing a stopper 139 at the entry-side (left in FIG. 6) of the tube 131 to prevent drifting of the terminal end of the outer tube 138, and thereby to prevent the interference effects between the outer tube 138 and the driving rollers 135.
  • the deformation of the tube 131 is prevented with the use of the outer tube 138, enabling the operation of driving the fuel rods 6 to be performed reliably.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
US07/966,008 1991-10-24 1992-10-23 Apparatus for assembling a nuclear fuel assembly Expired - Fee Related US5274684A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP03278094A JP3105042B2 (ja) 1991-10-24 1991-10-24 燃料集合体の組立方法およびこれに使用する組立装置
JP3-278094 1991-10-24

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US5274684A true US5274684A (en) 1993-12-28

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US07/966,008 Expired - Fee Related US5274684A (en) 1991-10-24 1992-10-23 Apparatus for assembling a nuclear fuel assembly

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US (1) US5274684A (de)
JP (1) JP3105042B2 (de)
BE (1) BE1005585A3 (de)
DE (1) DE4235685C2 (de)
FR (1) FR2683080B1 (de)
GB (1) GB2260849B (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5396526A (en) * 1992-10-22 1995-03-07 Mitsubishi Nuclear Fuel Co. Apparatus for removing keys from support grid
US6459749B1 (en) * 1999-12-29 2002-10-01 Korea Atomic Energy Research Institution Multi-functional head for spent nuclear fuel rod extraction
US6577698B1 (en) * 1998-12-22 2003-06-10 Societe Franco-Belge De Fabrication De Combusstible Fbfc Installation for loading fuel rods into a nuclear fuel assembly
US20050129163A1 (en) * 2003-12-11 2005-06-16 Pabis George S. Fuel assembly top nozzle repair sleeve and method for repairing a fuel assembly
WO2023069349A1 (en) * 2021-10-20 2023-04-27 Quantum Loophole, Inc. Conduit guide and spacer system

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3050972B2 (ja) * 1991-11-08 2000-06-12 三菱原子燃料株式会社 燃料集合体の組立方法およびこれに使用する装置
DE19846223C1 (de) * 1998-10-07 2000-03-30 Siemens Ag Steuerstabführungsrohr eines Kernreaktor-Brennelements, Brennelement und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Steuerstabführungsrohres

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GB2225151A (en) * 1988-11-16 1990-05-23 Mitsubishi Nuclear Fuel Assembly method and grid for nuclear fuel assembly
US5068081A (en) * 1989-01-06 1991-11-26 Mitsubishi Nuclear Fuel Co. Method of inserting fuel rods into a nuclear fuel assembly grid

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5396526A (en) * 1992-10-22 1995-03-07 Mitsubishi Nuclear Fuel Co. Apparatus for removing keys from support grid
US6577698B1 (en) * 1998-12-22 2003-06-10 Societe Franco-Belge De Fabrication De Combusstible Fbfc Installation for loading fuel rods into a nuclear fuel assembly
US6459749B1 (en) * 1999-12-29 2002-10-01 Korea Atomic Energy Research Institution Multi-functional head for spent nuclear fuel rod extraction
US20050129163A1 (en) * 2003-12-11 2005-06-16 Pabis George S. Fuel assembly top nozzle repair sleeve and method for repairing a fuel assembly
US7551705B2 (en) * 2003-12-11 2009-06-23 Areva Np, Inc. Fuel assembly top nozzle repair sleeve and method for repairing a fuel assembly
WO2023069349A1 (en) * 2021-10-20 2023-04-27 Quantum Loophole, Inc. Conduit guide and spacer system

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Publication number Publication date
JP3105042B2 (ja) 2000-10-30
GB2260849A (en) 1993-04-28
JPH05126985A (ja) 1993-05-25
BE1005585A3 (fr) 1993-11-09
GB2260849B (en) 1996-05-29
FR2683080B1 (fr) 1994-04-29
DE4235685C2 (de) 1994-01-27
FR2683080A1 (fr) 1993-04-30
GB9221088D0 (en) 1992-11-18
DE4235685A1 (de) 1993-04-29

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