US4694512A - Plumbing mixing circuit control apparatus for a combination set - Google Patents
Plumbing mixing circuit control apparatus for a combination set Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4694512A US4694512A US06/870,818 US87081886A US4694512A US 4694512 A US4694512 A US 4694512A US 87081886 A US87081886 A US 87081886A US 4694512 A US4694512 A US 4694512A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- plumbing
- flow
- mixing
- control apparatus
- circuit control
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/01—Control of temperature without auxiliary power
- G05D23/13—Control of temperature without auxiliary power by varying the mixing ratio of two fluids having different temperatures
- G05D23/1393—Control of temperature without auxiliary power by varying the mixing ratio of two fluids having different temperatures characterised by the use of electric means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S4/00—Baths, closets, sinks, and spittoons
- Y10S4/03—Electric flushing
Definitions
- the invention concerns a process for regulating a combination set with a multi-disc mixing valve, in particular a combination set for plumbing, for two streams of liquid, particularly hot and cold water, in which by means of a comparison between a measuring factor for the mixing, particularly between the actual temperature of the mixing water, and a preselected target factor, particularly the target temperature of the mixing water, an adjustment, and particularly a temperature adjustment, is made.
- Regulated combination sets are known for household purposes and for plumbing installations, in which a piston valve is slid in axial direction from an extension element which controls a hot water inlet and a cold water inlet duct in the set housing in the opposite direction.
- a graduated handle By limiting from outside the extension path of the extension element through the use of a graduated handle, the mixing water temperature is predetermined.
- the quantity is regulated independently by means of a level or rotating handle that can be turned from outside, whereupon the hot and cold water inlets can be jointly opened or closed.
- the disadvantages of such systems are the slowness of the adjustment system and the resulting imprecision of adjustment.
- the invention aims to create a process for fully automatic and electronic control of mixing fixtures, by means of which process a mixture and quantity control can be achieved in a simple manner and in a way that will function safely, with precision, and rapidly.
- this process should make possible the automatic adjustment of a cumulative load that can be preselected.
- the aim is achieved by means of continuous measurement of the actual amount of the mixture and derivation from the target/actual divergence of a factor for the regulator of the appropriate adjustment disc of the mixing valve, simultaneous with unvarying maintenance of the preselected flow quantity of the mixture without measurement of the flow, with a correction factor being derived from the factor of the aforementioned adjustment disc for the factor of the regulator of the flow adjustment disc.
- the temporary cumulative filling quantities of the mixture are determined continuously from the factors for mixture (temperature) and flow adjustment, which factors can be temporarily varied; when a preselected filling quantity is reached the factor of the flow adjustment regulator is placed at zero, whereupon the inflow of the two fluids is interrupted. What is thereby achieved is that the cumulative filling quantity is maintained at precisely the preselected figure, with interruption of the inflow of the two fluids once the filled line is reached and the factor is returned to zero.
- the term two fluids refers in particular to the cold and hot water inflows.
- the filling procedure is interrupted by activation of a pause key and the value of the filling quantity of the mix water at that moment is stored, the filling procedure being then resumed by activation of the pause key, with due consideration for the stored value of the cumulative filling quantity of the mix water.
- standard figures for the mixture particularly the target temperature, the flow quantity, and the cumulative filling quantity of the mixing water are stored.
- the factors relevant to these figures, and previously stored, are also stored in such manner that they can be called up. This makes it possible, for example, to adjust the standard temperature, standard filling quantity, and flow quantity merely by pressing a key, without any need to select them individually, by activating the valve, for the purpose of filling a bathtub.
- the correction factor for the factor of the flow adjustment disc regulator which said correction factor serves to maintain the flow at a constant level, be derived from the influence of the differential pressures between each one of the minimum of two fluid inflows and mixing flow outflow, particularly between the hot water inflow and the mixing water outflow and between the cold water inflow and the mixing water outflow, whereupon the influence of the mixture adjustment disc factor is if necessary taken into consideration in conjunction with the influence of the differential pressures as a control amount for the correction factor.
- FIG. 1 A control circuit for performing the process of the invention
- FIG. 2 A further developed variant in the same representation
- FIG. 3 A chart for using the circuit layout.
- a mixing valve 4 of a plumbing combination set is shown in diagrammatic form with a cold water inlet 1, a hot water inlet 2, and a mixing water outlet 3.
- the mixing valve of the plumbing combination set is constructed in a known manner as a multi-disc mixing valve having several ceramic discs positioned one on top of another for the control of the flow and temperature adjustment.
- the flow adjustment 5 is done by a first adjustment disc
- the temperature adjustment 6 is done by a second adjustment disc.
- the mixing chamber is designated as 7.
- a regulator 8 which can for example be an electro-motor regulator, blocks the adjustment disc 5 for the purpose of regulating the flow.
- the temperature is regulated with the help of a regulator 9, which can move the appropriate adjustment disc translationally or rotationally. This regulator too can be driven by an electro-motor.
- the temperature in the mixing chamber 7 constitutes the actual temperature, which is detected and read in the subtractor 11.
- the target temperature is read by a target-figure potentiometer 10 in the subtractor.
- a control signal 12 is given on the PID controller to regulator 9, which performs the appropriate adjustment procedure relative to the temperature adjustment disc.
- the adjusted target figure is read in the function generator 14, whereupon an adjustment value derived by the temperature adjuster regulator is also read into this function generator 14.
- This signal is read by the function generator into a signal modulator 15, which in turn controls the flow adjustment regulator 8.
- the position of regulators 8 and 9 at that moment is transferred to function generator 20 or 21, which position is in turn conducted to a multiplier (in FIG. 1) or an adder 22 (in FIG. 2).
- the output signal of the multiplier or adder 22 passes through an analog switch 23 into an integrator 24 and subsequently into a comparator 25.
- the function generator 14 described above computes a factor for the quantity valve based on the adjusted flow quantity and the position of the mixing valve.
- the function generator 21 serves to accept from the factor generator of the mixing valve, based on the position of the mixing valve, a signal for the temporary valve adjustment, and to derive via the function generator 21 a corrected figure for the flow, corresponding to the characteristic valve line, which figure can range between a lower limit and the upper limit of 1.
- a signal is derived from the factor generator for the quantity valve, based on the position of the quantity valve and a value is derived from the function generator 20 corresponding to its characteristic valve line, which said value is in proportion to the temporary flow.
- multiplier 22 In multiplier 22 according to FIG. 1, an appropriate figure for the temporary total flow is created out of the two corrected figures for the flow, by means of multiplication.
- the function of adder 22 according to FIG. 2 leads essentially to a similar result.
- the analog switch 23 is used to interrupt the analog figure for the total flow when pause key 19 is pressed, which will be explained in greater detail below.
- Integrator 24 adds the flow quantity signal, which is at the inlet and can be temporarily changed, via the opening time, to a cumulative filling quantity.
- Comparator 25 compares the two entry signals, cumulative filling quantity, and maximum filling quantity and interrupts the internal circuit if the cumulative filling quantity is larger than the maximum filling quantity. The maximum filling quantity is read via a target-figure potentiometer 16 in the comparator 25.
- the combination set is activated by a start key 17 or a stop key 18 and also a pause key 19.
- the start key 17 controls a start/stop flip-flop 29, as does stop key 18.
- flip-flop 29 is activated and with the help of an AND gate 26 of analog switch 23 is closed so long as pause key 19 is not activated.
- the integration process can be place in the integrator 24.
- the reset input of integrator 24 can be activated for a short time by means of a monostable flip-flop 28, and the starting figure of the integration can thereby be set at zero.
- the comparator 25 controls the start/stop flip-flop, with inverter 30 deactivating (reversing) the start flip-flop 29 when the internal switch of the comparison circuit 25 is opened.
- stop key 18 By means of stop key 18, even before the adjusted cumulative filling quantity is reached by deactivation of start flip-flop 29 the flow can be interrupted.
- the signal travels from stop key 18 through an OR gate that is also controlled by inverter 30 and the output of which controls the start/stop flip-flop 29.
- Pause key 19 controls a pause flip-flop that is placed in opposite condition each time that pause key 19 is operated. This means press once: pause; press again: release; etc.
- the pause flip-flop 27 When start key 17 is pressed, the pause flip-flop 27 is brought to a stop by monostable flip-flop 28.
- the inverted output of pause flip-flop 27 adjusts control circuit 32 through an AND gate 31.
- the control circuit is also adjusted by the same AND gate 31 via the output of comparator 25.
- the AND gate 31 ensures that when the pause key is pressed the control circuit for the valve is broken in the same way as for the intended interruption by means of comparator 25.
- the interruption circuits 33, 34 installed between the signal PID controller 12 and regulator 9, or between signal converter 15 and regulator 8, are adjusted.
- the analog switch 23 is used to interrupt the analog figure for the total flow when pause key 19 is pressed.
- pause flip-flop 27 When pause flip-flop 27 is activated, the input of the AND gate is closed, so that analog switch 23, and hence the integration process, is interrupted.
- AND gate 26 which is controlled by the inverted output of pause flip-flop 27 and by the non-inverted output of start flip-flop 29, causes analog switch 23 to be closed only when start/stop flip-flop 29 is activated and pause flip-flop 27 is deactivated.
- the embodiment according to FIG. 2 differs essentially from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 only in that in addition to the measuring figures for flow and mixture ratio the pressure ratios are recorded and are used for adjustment or control.
- the control proposed by the invention facilitates easy use that is particularly appropriate for household purposes, as represented in an example in FIG. 3. Determination of the factors is initiated by pressing the "On” or “Off” keys. The temperature can be adjusted upward or downward appropriately by pressing the "Temp” and “Plus” or “Minus” keys. Adjustment of the flow quantity is regulated in a similar manner. If very high temperatures should be desired, which is not generally the case, the "Plus-Plus” key is pressed. The “Max” key is provided for maximum cumulative filling quantities, e.g. for a full bath. The "Pause” key allows interruption of a filling process that is underway. A digital display for displaying the numerical values existing at a given moment is provided between the "Temp" and “Quantity” keys. Keys designated by a "*" are constructed preferably in the form of luminous diodes.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)
- Control Of Non-Electrical Variables (AREA)
- Control Of Temperature (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3531294 | 1985-02-09 | ||
DE19853531294 DE3531294A1 (de) | 1985-09-02 | 1985-09-02 | Verfahren und schaltungsanordnung zur steuerung einer mischbatterie |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4694512A true US4694512A (en) | 1987-09-22 |
Family
ID=6279939
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/870,818 Expired - Fee Related US4694512A (en) | 1985-02-09 | 1986-06-05 | Plumbing mixing circuit control apparatus for a combination set |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4694512A (da) |
BE (1) | BE905050A (da) |
DE (1) | DE3531294A1 (da) |
DK (1) | DK415786A (da) |
FI (1) | FI88217C (da) |
FR (1) | FR2586836B1 (da) |
IT (1) | IT1197095B (da) |
NL (1) | NL8602146A (da) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4756030A (en) * | 1987-09-23 | 1988-07-12 | Juliver Steven J | Bathroom controller |
US5427140A (en) * | 1993-08-26 | 1995-06-27 | Bosanquet; John | Valve assembly |
US20040122612A1 (en) * | 2002-12-23 | 2004-06-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Regulating device and method to regulate and/or calibrate a mixing valve |
US7448553B2 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2008-11-11 | Masco Corporation Of Indiana | Fluid mixer |
US7458520B2 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2008-12-02 | Masco Corporation Of Indiana | Electronic proportioning valve |
US7475827B2 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2009-01-13 | Masco Corporation Of Indiana | Fluid mixer |
US7584898B2 (en) | 2005-07-01 | 2009-09-08 | Masco Corporation Of Indiana | Manual override for electronic proportioning valve |
WO2012118721A1 (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2012-09-07 | Smartap A.Y Ltd | Household electronic mixing-valve device |
US20140069516A1 (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2014-03-13 | Smartap A.Y Ltd | Household Electronic Mixing-Valve Device |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4969598A (en) * | 1987-07-17 | 1990-11-13 | Memry Plumbing Products Corp. | Valve control |
DE3812736C1 (da) * | 1988-04-16 | 1989-11-02 | Armin Dries | |
DE3909554A1 (de) * | 1989-03-20 | 1990-10-04 | Siecor Ges Fuer Lichtwellenlei | Verfahren zum erzeugen eines nutzgasstroms |
JPH05500412A (ja) * | 1990-07-18 | 1993-01-28 | コルンファイント フランツ | 調整可能な量の用水のためのコンパクトな注入装置 |
DE4107860A1 (de) * | 1991-03-12 | 1992-09-17 | Knebel & Roettger Fa | Verfahren zur erfassung der relativen oeffnungsstellung des elektrisch betaetigbaren kalt- und warmwasserventiles einer sanitaeren mischbatterie |
DE102004057174B4 (de) * | 2004-11-26 | 2008-01-03 | Hansa Metallwerke Ag | Betätigungsvorrichtung für eine sanitäre Armatur und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer solchen |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2908017A (en) * | 1957-04-08 | 1959-10-13 | Charles W Whaley | Electromagnetically controlled water distribution system |
US3638680A (en) * | 1970-02-25 | 1972-02-01 | Hans W Kopp | Table with liquid outlet |
US4189792A (en) * | 1978-09-18 | 1980-02-26 | Veach Carlos W | Push button controlled water system |
US4409694A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1983-10-18 | John P. Barrett, Sr. | Electronic control device for liquids |
US4554688A (en) * | 1984-04-17 | 1985-11-26 | Puccerella Thomas J | Water saving system |
US4563780A (en) * | 1983-06-29 | 1986-01-14 | Pollack Simcha Z | Automated bathroom |
US4651777A (en) * | 1983-10-03 | 1987-03-24 | Hardman Raymond H | Electronic control apparatus |
US5606085A (en) * | 1993-12-29 | 1997-02-25 | Metton America, Inc. | Thermally activated olefin metathesis catalyst precursor |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL175859C (nl) * | 1975-06-30 | 1985-01-02 | Jongerius Tech Bureau | Inrichting voor het bereiden van bepaalde waterhoeveelheden met een gewenste temperatuur. |
DE2925234A1 (de) * | 1979-06-22 | 1981-05-27 | H.D. Eichelberg & Co Gmbh, 5860 Iserlohn | Regelung fuer sanitaere mischbatterien |
US4420811A (en) * | 1980-03-03 | 1983-12-13 | Price-Pfister Brass Mfg. Co. | Water temperature and flow rate selection display and control system and method |
DE3030765C2 (de) * | 1980-08-14 | 1985-09-26 | Friedrich Grohe Armaturenfabrik Gmbh & Co, 5870 Hemer | Elektronisch geregeltes Mischventil |
DE3030716C2 (de) * | 1980-08-14 | 1984-05-30 | Friedrich Grohe Armaturenfabrik Gmbh & Co, 5870 Hemer | Ventileinrichtung |
DE3041979C2 (de) * | 1980-11-07 | 1984-09-20 | Fa. Knebel & Röttger, 5860 Iserlohn | Sanitäres Mischventil |
DE3430176A1 (de) * | 1983-08-25 | 1985-03-21 | Harley Glen Iris Victoria Pizzey | Vorrichtung zum mischen von heissem und kaltem wasser |
NO152880C (no) * | 1983-08-30 | 1985-12-04 | Lyng Ind As | Temperaturpaavirkbar, elektronisk styrt blandeventil for blanding av to vaesker. |
NO155261C (no) * | 1984-02-22 | 1987-03-04 | Lyng Ind As | Sanitaersystem for levering av varmt og kaldt vann. |
DE3518645A1 (de) * | 1985-05-23 | 1986-11-27 | Knebel & Röttger GmbH & Co, 5860 Iserlohn | Verfahren und schaltungsanordnung zur steuerung einer sanitaer-mischbatterie fuer kalt- und warmwasser |
-
1985
- 1985-09-02 DE DE19853531294 patent/DE3531294A1/de active Granted
-
1986
- 1986-05-19 FI FI862075A patent/FI88217C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-06-05 US US06/870,818 patent/US4694512A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-06-20 FR FR8608917A patent/FR2586836B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-07-04 BE BE0/216876A patent/BE905050A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-08-14 IT IT21491/86A patent/IT1197095B/it active
- 1986-08-22 NL NL8602146A patent/NL8602146A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-09-01 DK DK415786A patent/DK415786A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2908017A (en) * | 1957-04-08 | 1959-10-13 | Charles W Whaley | Electromagnetically controlled water distribution system |
US3638680A (en) * | 1970-02-25 | 1972-02-01 | Hans W Kopp | Table with liquid outlet |
US4189792A (en) * | 1978-09-18 | 1980-02-26 | Veach Carlos W | Push button controlled water system |
US4409694A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1983-10-18 | John P. Barrett, Sr. | Electronic control device for liquids |
US4563780A (en) * | 1983-06-29 | 1986-01-14 | Pollack Simcha Z | Automated bathroom |
US4651777A (en) * | 1983-10-03 | 1987-03-24 | Hardman Raymond H | Electronic control apparatus |
US4554688A (en) * | 1984-04-17 | 1985-11-26 | Puccerella Thomas J | Water saving system |
US5606085A (en) * | 1993-12-29 | 1997-02-25 | Metton America, Inc. | Thermally activated olefin metathesis catalyst precursor |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4756030A (en) * | 1987-09-23 | 1988-07-12 | Juliver Steven J | Bathroom controller |
US5427140A (en) * | 1993-08-26 | 1995-06-27 | Bosanquet; John | Valve assembly |
US20040122612A1 (en) * | 2002-12-23 | 2004-06-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Regulating device and method to regulate and/or calibrate a mixing valve |
US6931342B2 (en) * | 2002-12-23 | 2005-08-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Regulating device and method to regulate and/or calibrate a mixing valve |
US7448553B2 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2008-11-11 | Masco Corporation Of Indiana | Fluid mixer |
US7458520B2 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2008-12-02 | Masco Corporation Of Indiana | Electronic proportioning valve |
US7475827B2 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2009-01-13 | Masco Corporation Of Indiana | Fluid mixer |
US7584898B2 (en) | 2005-07-01 | 2009-09-08 | Masco Corporation Of Indiana | Manual override for electronic proportioning valve |
WO2012118721A1 (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2012-09-07 | Smartap A.Y Ltd | Household electronic mixing-valve device |
US20140069516A1 (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2014-03-13 | Smartap A.Y Ltd | Household Electronic Mixing-Valve Device |
US9464414B2 (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2016-10-11 | Smartap A.Y Ltd. | Household electronic mixing-valve device |
EP2681472A4 (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2017-03-15 | Smartap A.Y Ltd | Household electronic mixing-valve device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK415786D0 (da) | 1986-09-01 |
BE905050A (fr) | 1986-11-03 |
DK415786A (da) | 1987-03-03 |
IT1197095B (it) | 1988-11-25 |
NL8602146A (nl) | 1987-04-01 |
DE3531294A1 (de) | 1987-03-12 |
FR2586836B1 (fr) | 1995-04-21 |
FI88217C (fi) | 1993-04-13 |
IT8621491A1 (it) | 1988-02-14 |
FR2586836A1 (fr) | 1987-03-06 |
DE3531294C2 (da) | 1987-12-17 |
FI88217B (fi) | 1992-12-31 |
IT8621491A0 (it) | 1986-08-14 |
FI862075A (fi) | 1987-03-03 |
FI862075A0 (fi) | 1986-05-19 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4694512A (en) | Plumbing mixing circuit control apparatus for a combination set | |
US4693415A (en) | Method and circuitry for control of a sanitary mixer for cold and hot water | |
US4875623A (en) | Valve control | |
KR930007958B1 (ko) | 급탕장치 | |
GB2235309A (en) | Valve control. | |
CA1272707A (en) | Hot/cold water mixing device | |
JPS5972527A (ja) | 湯水混合給湯装置 | |
JP2513268B2 (ja) | 湯水混合装置 | |
CA1253935A (en) | Method and apparatus for controlling temperature of a liquid | |
US1933641A (en) | Method of and apparatus for proportioning gaseous fluids | |
JP2707580B2 (ja) | 湯温調節装置 | |
JPH0616382Y2 (ja) | 加圧器内冷却材の温度上昇制御装置 | |
SU1174909A1 (ru) | Устройство дл регулировани двух св занных параметров | |
JPH0422210Y2 (da) | ||
JPH033805Y2 (da) | ||
SU1675863A1 (ru) | Устройство автоматического управлени реактором полунепрерывного действи | |
JP2513092B2 (ja) | バイパスミキシング制御方式 | |
JP2558333Y2 (ja) | 熱量制御装置 | |
JP2590503B2 (ja) | 湯水混合制御装置 | |
JPH02271408A (ja) | 湯水混合制御装置 | |
JPH0351615A (ja) | 燃焼炉における酸素富化燃焼制御装置 | |
SU1183812A1 (ru) | Система автоматического регулировани температуры в печи | |
SU1041716A1 (ru) | Способ регулировани давлени перегретого пара в энергоблоке | |
JPS5751724A (en) | Temperature control for thin-film dewatering apparatus | |
SU916889A2 (ru) | Устройство дл автоматического регулировани параметров пара в редукционно-охладительной установке |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: KNEBEL & ROTTGER GMBH & CO. GIESESTR. 30 5860 ISER Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:KNEBEL, WERNER;SIEBERHAGEN, GUNTER;REEL/FRAME:004563/0414 Effective date: 19860523 |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees | ||
FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 19990922 |
|
STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |