US4100423A - Opto-electronic two-way coupling - Google Patents

Opto-electronic two-way coupling Download PDF

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Publication number
US4100423A
US4100423A US05/774,661 US77466177A US4100423A US 4100423 A US4100423 A US 4100423A US 77466177 A US77466177 A US 77466177A US 4100423 A US4100423 A US 4100423A
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Prior art keywords
coupler
transmitter
opto
electronic
signal
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Expired - Lifetime
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US05/774,661
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English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Krause
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Priority to US05/833,045 priority Critical patent/US4158144A/en
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Publication of US4100423A publication Critical patent/US4100423A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/80—Optical aspects relating to the use of optical transmission for specific applications, not provided for in groups H04B10/03 - H04B10/70, e.g. optical power feeding or optical transmission through water
    • H04B10/801—Optical aspects relating to the use of optical transmission for specific applications, not provided for in groups H04B10/03 - H04B10/70, e.g. optical power feeding or optical transmission through water using optical interconnects, e.g. light coupled isolators, circuit board interconnections
    • H04B10/802—Optical aspects relating to the use of optical transmission for specific applications, not provided for in groups H04B10/03 - H04B10/70, e.g. optical power feeding or optical transmission through water using optical interconnects, e.g. light coupled isolators, circuit board interconnections for isolation, e.g. using optocouplers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an opto-electronic two-way coupling having a signal input which is electrically separated from the signal output which has a first opto-electronic coupler connected via its transmitter to the signal input and via its receiver to the signal output, and which is designed for signal voltages of less than 1 V.
  • This objective is accomplished by use of at least one further opto-electronic coupler in parallel to the first coupler and with a coupling direction opposite thereto.
  • the signal input is completely electrically separated from the signal output. No current supply device is required. Nevertheless, signal voltages far below 1V are transmittable if several opto-electronic couplers are provided in parallel to the first coupler.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the invention.
  • Coupler K 1 consists of a diode D 1 as a transmitter, and a transistor T 1 as a receiver.
  • Coupler K 2 consists of a diode D 2 as a transmitter, and a transistor T 2 or a diode as a receiver.
  • Coupler K 3 consists of a diode D 3 as a transmitter, and a transistor T 3 as a receiver. The direction of the transmitted light is indicated by arrows 1 in each case.
  • Diodes D 1 to D 3 are infrared luminescence diodes.
  • Diode D 1 is connected, via a resistance R 1 with 47 kOhms, to input terminals 2, 3 to which an input voltage U e is applied, which is ⁇ 1.0 V.
  • Transistors T 2 and T 3 are located with their collector-base sections in series between connecting points 4 and 5 on lines which are connected to the terminals 2, 3.
  • Diodes D 2 and D 3 are connected to a terminal 6 to which a direct current I F of 50 mA is connected.
  • a current with a pulse-shaped pattern can also be used instead of the direct current I F .
  • the direct current I F 50 mA flows through the diodes D 2 and D 3 into the couplers K 2 and K 3 .
  • the radiation generated by the diodes D 2 and D 3 strikes the transistors T 2 and T 3 .
  • the collector-base sections of these transistors T 2 and T 3 operate as a photo-electric cell.
  • Each of these photo-electric cells generates a voltage of 0.5 to 0.6 V. Since transistors T 2 and T 3 are connected in series, they emit a voltage which is sufficient to drive the diode D 1 .
  • the current through diode D 1 amounts to approximately 100 ⁇ A. Superimposed on this direct current is the signal current which is emitted from a signal voltage source at terminals 2, 3 via the resistance R 1 .
  • the coupler K 1 operates as a normal opto-electronic coupler so that an output signal U a is available at terminal 7.
  • Terminal 7 is connected, via a load resistance R L , to a DC source 8 which emits a voltage of 5 V in the embodiment in FIG. 1, and 12 V in the embodiment in FIG. 2.
  • the available current for diode D 1 is relatively small. Therefore, only couplers with a large coupling factor are suitable between diode D 1 and the collector-base diode of transistor T 1 . With the available current, the coupling factor of coupler K 1 is about 10%. It should be noted that the typical commercial couplers are measured with a substantially higher operating point. In this case the operating point should be suitably adjusted.
  • a pulse-shaped current with a peak value of, for example, 1A flows through the diodes D 2 and D 3 .
  • the pulse-duty factor then amounts to 0.1 so that the power loss is held within allowable limits.
  • a pulse-shaped current of ⁇ 1 mA is then available and the coupling factor for the coupler K 1 is about 100%.
  • the cut-off frequency of the signal to be transmitted is higher (for example, 3.3 kHz in FIG. 1 and 100 kHz in FIG. 2), and special selection of the couplers is not necessary.
  • Amplitude-modulated pulses are available at output U a in this case.
  • the pulse frequency must, however, be higher than double the cut-off frequency of the system.
  • the cut-off frequency is relatively small (3.3 kHz) because of the small collector current of transistor T 1 .
  • the cut-off frequency may, however, be increased to 4.6 kHz by means of a direct current fed into the base of the transistor T 1 .
  • a cascode circuit of a transistor T 5 , resistors R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , as well as resistance R L is especially advantageous.
  • Resistor R 3 has a resistance value of 1K ⁇ .
  • Resistor R 4 has a resistance value of 1K ⁇ .
  • Resistor R 5 has a resistance of 20 megohms.
  • Resistor R L has a resistance value of 10K ⁇ .
  • Resistor R 5 simultaneously effectuates inverse feedback for the base current.
  • the cut-off frequency in this case amounts to 55 kHz.
  • an amplification can be performed before feeding the diode D 1 .
  • a current supply for an amplifier suitable for this purpose can be taken across to diode D 1 .
  • an amplifier stage consisting of a transistor T 4 and a resistor R 2 with a resistance value of 3 megohms is provided for this purpose.
  • Multistage amplifiers with inverse, degenerative feedback can also be used, of course, as well as logic circuits.
  • transistors T 2 and T 3 can also be connected in series for low-resistance signal voltage sources.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
US05/774,661 1976-04-02 1977-03-04 Opto-electronic two-way coupling Expired - Lifetime US4100423A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/833,045 US4158144A (en) 1976-09-17 1977-09-14 Circuit arrangement for the transmission of electrical supply power

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2614359 1976-04-02
DE2614359A DE2614359C3 (de) 1976-04-02 1976-04-02 Optoelektronische Zweiwegekopplung

Related Child Applications (1)

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US05/833,045 Continuation-In-Part US4158144A (en) 1976-09-17 1977-09-14 Circuit arrangement for the transmission of electrical supply power

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US4100423A true US4100423A (en) 1978-07-11

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US05/774,661 Expired - Lifetime US4100423A (en) 1976-04-02 1977-03-04 Opto-electronic two-way coupling

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US (1) US4100423A (de)
DE (1) DE2614359C3 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5541623A (en) * 1993-06-02 1996-07-30 Alps Electric (U.S.A.) Inc. Temperature compensated opto-electronic circuit and mouse using same
CN104049125A (zh) * 2013-03-12 2014-09-17 浙江海洋学院 基于光电耦合器的线性电压检测方法
US20190097736A1 (en) * 2017-09-26 2019-03-28 Avago Technologies General Ip (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. Galvanically isolated auxiliary led for performing input operations

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3407212A1 (de) * 1984-02-28 1985-09-12 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V., 8000 München Eingangsschaltung fuer optokoppler
DE3545194A1 (de) * 1985-12-20 1987-07-02 Sennheiser Electronic Optoelektronisches sende-empfangsgeraet
JP2558296B2 (ja) * 1987-10-30 1996-11-27 株式会社日立製作所 自己診断機能を有する光センサとそれを用いた装置
DE4029399A1 (de) * 1990-09-17 1992-03-19 Eickhoff Geb Optokoppleruebertrager

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU427472A1 (ru) * 1972-11-13 1974-05-05 Оптоэлектронный переключатель
US3912951A (en) * 1973-04-19 1975-10-14 Nippon Electric Co Optically coupled circuit arrangement

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU427472A1 (ru) * 1972-11-13 1974-05-05 Оптоэлектронный переключатель
US3912951A (en) * 1973-04-19 1975-10-14 Nippon Electric Co Optically coupled circuit arrangement

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5541623A (en) * 1993-06-02 1996-07-30 Alps Electric (U.S.A.) Inc. Temperature compensated opto-electronic circuit and mouse using same
CN104049125A (zh) * 2013-03-12 2014-09-17 浙江海洋学院 基于光电耦合器的线性电压检测方法
US20190097736A1 (en) * 2017-09-26 2019-03-28 Avago Technologies General Ip (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. Galvanically isolated auxiliary led for performing input operations
US10530496B2 (en) * 2017-09-26 2020-01-07 Avago Technologies International Sales Pte. Limited Galvanically isolated auxiliary LED for performing input operations

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2614359B2 (de) 1978-08-03
DE2614359C3 (de) 1979-04-05
DE2614359A1 (de) 1977-10-13

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