US4015929A - Rotary kiln for producing an expanded clay product and a method of manufacturing the rotary kiln - Google Patents

Rotary kiln for producing an expanded clay product and a method of manufacturing the rotary kiln Download PDF

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Publication number
US4015929A
US4015929A US05/640,927 US64092775A US4015929A US 4015929 A US4015929 A US 4015929A US 64092775 A US64092775 A US 64092775A US 4015929 A US4015929 A US 4015929A
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United States
Prior art keywords
kiln
bricks
rotary kiln
series
reinforcing members
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US05/640,927
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English (en)
Inventor
Harry Kamstrup-Larsen
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Leca Trading and Concession AS
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Leca Trading and Concession AS
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Application filed by Leca Trading and Concession AS filed Critical Leca Trading and Concession AS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/28—Arrangements of linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/14—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge
    • F27B7/16—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means
    • F27B7/161—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means the means comprising projections jutting out from the wall
    • F27B7/162—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means the means comprising projections jutting out from the wall the projections consisting of separate lifting elements, e.g. lifting shovels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotary kiln for producing an expanded clay product from clay or clay slate, comprising a firing section, the peripheral speed of which is rather great, a drying section, if any, arranged in continuation thereof, the peripheral speed of which is rather low, and ribs of refractory bricks mounted in the firing section and protruding radially relative to the lining so as to move the clay product.
  • Rotary kilns are shown, in which the firing section especially the part adjacent the discharge end is provided with ribs protruding radially inwards relative to the lining, and stirring the clay in the kiln in such manner that the clay granules are completely pervaded by hot flue gas.
  • the ribs of refractory bricks or blocks are, however, exposed to hard wear. This wear necessitates a replacement of the bricks or blocks substantially worn down, and in many cases also of the lining, which is very costly. To this must be added the economic losses resulting from the idle kiln.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a rotary kiln of the type mentioned above, which renders it possible to prolong the life of the ribs.
  • the rotary kiln according to the invention is characterized by at least a part of each refractory brick in the ribs being reinforced.
  • the effect of this arrangement is that each brick better than previously can resist the great impact forces within the kiln.
  • the reinforcing bricks may be two-part units. This results in a very rapid restoration of the worn ribs, and it is unnecessary to replace the lining, since only the brick portion worn is to be replaced.
  • each brick may comprise a first brick portion provided with reinforcing portions and built in the lining, the reinforcing portions preferably extending radially in the kiln, and a second brick portion secured, preferably by means of mortar, to the surface of the first brick portion facing the centre line of the kiln. This increases the strength of the two brick portions or of one brick portion only.
  • the reinforcing portions may protrude beyond the surface of the first brick portion facing the centre of the kiln, and the second brick portion may comprise recesses for receiving the reinforcing portions of the first brick portion. This enables the reinforcing portions of the first brick portion to serve as guide for the new second brick portion. This replacement is, of course, only possible when the kiln is idle and cooled.
  • the recesses of the second brick portion may be through holes, whereas the reinforcing portions of the first brick portion may be bars of refractory steel turning radially inwards, and having a cross section being considerably smaller than the cross section of the holes.
  • the part of the reinforcing bars protruding from the first brick portion may at least be of the magnitude a fifth of the height of the secoond brick portion measured in the radial direction of the kiln, and the part of each hole of the second brick portion containing no bars may be filled with mortar for securing the two brick portions to each other.
  • the ratio of the cross section of the reinforcing bars to the cross section of the holes ranges preferably from 0.05 to 0.6.
  • each brick may extend backwards and outwards relative to the direction of rotation of the kiln. As a result the clay granules are prevented from sticking between the ribs.
  • the ribs of two-part bricks may be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the kiln, and the ratio of the number of ribs to the diameter of the kiln may range from 0.5 to 5.0. This construction has proved to provide a suitable stirring of the clay in the kiln.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing the rotary kiln according to the invention for producing an expanded clay product from clay or clay slate, said kiln comprising a firing section, the peripheral speed of which is rather great, a drying section, if any, arranged in continuation thereof, the peripheral speed of which is rather low, and ribs for moving the clay product.
  • This method is characterized by the ribs being manufactured by first mounting complete refractory bricks provided with internal reinforcing portions, and subsequently by using the kiln for burning the clay product in such period of time that part of each brick is worn down, the reinforcing portions, however, still protruding beyond said bricks, and eventually after having stopped the kiln again, by mounting new refractory brick portions, preferably by means of mortar, on the reinforcing portions of the original brick portions.
  • This method has proved to be very suitable for the manufacture of the rotary kiln according to the invention, since no replacement of the lining is necessary when the ribs are to be restored.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the rotary kiln according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II--II of the rotary kiln illustrated in FIG. 1, two ribs appearing especially clearly,
  • FIG. 3 is a special embodiment of a two-part brick forming part of the rib
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of the brick illustrated in FIG. 3, and
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line V--V of FIG. 4 of the brick illustrated in FIG. 4, clearly showing the dispersion of the mortar around the reinforcing portions.
  • the rotary kiln illustrated in FIG. 1 commprises a drying section 1 and a firing section 3.
  • the peripheral speed of the firing section is rather great, whereas the peripheral speed of the drying section is rather low.
  • a plurality of radially extending ribs 5A, 5B, 5C indicated by dotted lines are mounted in the firing section 3 serving to overturn the clay granules during the firing.
  • the clay granules travel from the inlet end 7 to the discharge end 9 of the kiln.
  • a burner is mounted in the usual way providing the kiln with hot flue gas, the gas flowing rightwardly, whereas the clay granules travel leftwardly.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the two lifters 5A and 5B.
  • Each rib may be built of complete refractory bricks as indicated by 5a in FIG. 2 or of two-part bricks as indicated by 5b in FIGS. 2, 3, and 5.
  • Each brick is provided with a reinforcement indicated by dotted lines at the arrows 8 and 18.
  • the bricks constituting the rib 5B comprise a first brick portion 5b' of the same height as the lining 10 measured in the radial direction of the kiln, and a second brick portion 5b" protruding somewhat towards the lengthwise centre line 12 of the kiln.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a brick forming part of the rib indicated by 5B.
  • the brick portions 5b' and 5b" have been separated in order to illustrate the reinforcing portions 18 clearly.
  • the reinforcing portions illustrated in the embodiment are radially protruding bars of refractory steel, having a cross section being considerably smaller than the cross section of the corresponding recesses in the second brick portion 5b". These recesses are in this case formed as through holes 20.
  • the part a of the reinforcing bars protruding beyond the surface 15 of the first brick portion 5b' facing the centre of the kiln is at least of the magnitude a fifth of the height of the second brick portion 5b" measured in the radial direction of the kiln.
  • the second brick portion 5b" is secured to the first brick portion 5b' by means of mortar 21 filled into the holes 20 and surrounding the reinforcing bars 18. There is nothing to prevent the brick portion 5b" from being secured in other ways, e.g. by bolting-on or by wedging.
  • the ratio of the cross section of the reinforcing bars 18 to the cross section of the holes 20 ranges preferably from 0.05 to 0.6.
  • the reinforcing portions 18 may be bars having many different cross sections, e.g. round or flat iron.
  • the first time a rib is to be built in the rotary kiln the complete and reinforced bricks indicated by 5a may be used, and when the part of the brick protruding beyond the lining 10 is worn down and a part of the reinforcing portion 8 protrudes, a brick portion corresponding to the brick portion 5b" may be built in by means of mortar.
  • the securing of these brick portions necessitates, of course, that the kiln is idle and cooled, but this way of securing reduces the idle period considerably.
  • the surface 17 of the second brick portion 5b" extends backwards and outwards relative to the direction of rotation A of the kiln, thus preventing cakes of clay granules from sticking between the ribs.
  • the ratio of the number of ribs to the diameter of the kiln should preferably range from 0.5 to 5.0.
  • the spacing of the ribs is normally constant.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of a brick forming part of a rib. This Figure clearly illustrates the arrangement of the holes 20 and of the reinforcing bars 18, and that the cross section of the bars is smaller than the cross section of the holes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
US05/640,927 1975-01-23 1975-12-15 Rotary kiln for producing an expanded clay product and a method of manufacturing the rotary kiln Expired - Lifetime US4015929A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK214/75 1975-01-23
DK21475*#A DK21475A (da) 1975-01-23 1975-01-23 Roterovn til fremstilling af et opbleret lerprodukt samt fremgangsmade til fremstilling af roterovnen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4015929A true US4015929A (en) 1977-04-05

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ID=8091021

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US05/640,927 Expired - Lifetime US4015929A (en) 1975-01-23 1975-12-15 Rotary kiln for producing an expanded clay product and a method of manufacturing the rotary kiln

Country Status (21)

Country Link
US (1) US4015929A (fi)
JP (1) JPS5629187B2 (fi)
AT (1) AT343035B (fi)
BE (1) BE837797A (fi)
BR (1) BR7600367A (fi)
CA (1) CA1053458A (fi)
CH (1) CH606954A5 (fi)
DE (1) DE2557479C3 (fi)
DK (1) DK21475A (fi)
EG (1) EG12645A (fi)
FI (1) FI60073C (fi)
FR (1) FR2298779A1 (fi)
GB (1) GB1534302A (fi)
GR (1) GR58600B (fi)
IT (1) IT1073737B (fi)
LU (1) LU74224A1 (fi)
NL (1) NL7600449A (fi)
NO (1) NO143328C (fi)
NZ (1) NZ179572A (fi)
SE (1) SE7600653L (fi)
YU (1) YU2276A (fi)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4290750A (en) * 1977-11-09 1981-09-22 John Fletcher Cementitious products
US5277580A (en) * 1993-02-16 1994-01-11 Lea-Con, Inc. Wall construction system for refractory furnaces
US5862641A (en) * 1996-01-06 1999-01-26 Lea-Con, Inc. Kiln anchor
EP2784421A1 (de) * 2013-03-27 2014-10-01 Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG Wölbstein zylinderförmiger inneren Auskleidung eines Drehrohrofens und Drehrohrofen
CN105091566A (zh) * 2015-08-25 2015-11-25 安徽芜湖海螺建筑安装工程有限责任公司 一种水泥回转窑窑内放环向控制线的施工方法

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2464745A1 (fr) * 1979-09-06 1981-03-20 Oxysynthese Regeneration des catalyseurs de reconversion chimique utilises dans un procede cyclique de fabrication du peroxyde d'hydrogene
JPS5835587U (ja) * 1981-08-31 1983-03-08 立山アルミニウム工業株式会社 襖の框固定装置
SE8106899L (sv) * 1981-11-19 1983-05-20 Hoeganaes Ab Eldfast foder for ugn
JPS58120983A (ja) * 1982-01-11 1983-07-19 立山アルミニウム工業株式会社 襖障子
JPS58171486U (ja) * 1982-05-11 1983-11-16 立山アルミニウム工業株式会社 戸襖の芯材固定金具
JPS61184085U (fi) * 1985-05-08 1986-11-17
FR2592464B1 (fr) * 1985-12-31 1989-10-06 Usines Metallurg Exploit Perfectionnements aux installations d'incineration de dechets industriels comportant un four rotatif
JPS6428164U (fi) * 1987-08-12 1989-02-17
JPH01142785U (fi) * 1988-03-24 1989-09-29
FR2725505B1 (fr) * 1994-10-11 1996-11-08 Pa Technologies Four rotatif comportant des releveurs et procede de reparation de tels fours
CA2704186A1 (en) 2010-05-18 2011-11-18 Lucie B. Wheeler Thermal cracking reactor for mixtures, corresponding processes and uses thereof
CA2783608A1 (en) 2012-07-23 2014-01-23 Lucie Wheeler Environmental process to transform contaminated or uncontaminated feed materials into useful products, uses of the process, products thereby obtained and uses thereof, manufacturing of the corresponding plant
WO2014121368A1 (en) 2013-02-06 2014-08-14 Envirollea Inc. Thermal process to transform contaminated or uncontaminated feed materials into useful oily products, uses of the process, products thereby obtained and uses thereof, manufacturing of the corresponding plant
CA2973210A1 (en) 2017-07-13 2019-01-13 Louis Bertrand Process for producing liquid fuel from waste hydrocarbon and/or organic material, managing system thereof
CA3056047C (en) 2019-02-04 2020-04-28 Envirollea Inc. Flotation oils, processes and uses thereof
FR3094468B1 (fr) * 2019-03-29 2022-03-11 Sarp Ind Releveur pour four rotatif

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US609920A (en) * 1898-08-30 Heating or burning cylinder
US1188203A (en) * 1916-03-22 1916-06-20 Joseph S Peterson Ribbed tube-mill liner.
US1910873A (en) * 1932-04-19 1933-05-23 Smidth & Co As F L Rotary kiln
US2084713A (en) * 1936-03-07 1937-06-22 Quigley Co Rotary kiln
US2190271A (en) * 1937-01-21 1940-02-13 Johns Manville Method and apparatus for melting rock and making products therefrom
US3563521A (en) * 1969-02-26 1971-02-16 California Portland Cement Co Materials lifter construction and installation in kilns
US3853458A (en) * 1973-04-09 1974-12-10 Polysius Ag Rotary drum for the heat treatment of strongly erosive material
US3930916A (en) * 1973-06-28 1976-01-06 Zirconal Processes Limited Heat resistant panels

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1544504A (en) * 1923-10-30 1925-06-30 Clifford J Tomlinson Rotary kiln
US1920677A (en) * 1932-09-16 1933-08-01 Richard W Burke Kiln lining
DE1856941U (de) * 1957-08-07 1962-08-16 Didier Werke Ag Steinsatz fuer die hubleisten von drehrohrofen-ausmauerungen.
DE2325781B2 (de) * 1973-05-21 1975-04-17 Polysius Ag, 4723 Neubeckum Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Drehrohrofens und Ofen hierfür

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US609920A (en) * 1898-08-30 Heating or burning cylinder
US1188203A (en) * 1916-03-22 1916-06-20 Joseph S Peterson Ribbed tube-mill liner.
US1910873A (en) * 1932-04-19 1933-05-23 Smidth & Co As F L Rotary kiln
US2084713A (en) * 1936-03-07 1937-06-22 Quigley Co Rotary kiln
US2190271A (en) * 1937-01-21 1940-02-13 Johns Manville Method and apparatus for melting rock and making products therefrom
US3563521A (en) * 1969-02-26 1971-02-16 California Portland Cement Co Materials lifter construction and installation in kilns
US3853458A (en) * 1973-04-09 1974-12-10 Polysius Ag Rotary drum for the heat treatment of strongly erosive material
US3930916A (en) * 1973-06-28 1976-01-06 Zirconal Processes Limited Heat resistant panels

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4290750A (en) * 1977-11-09 1981-09-22 John Fletcher Cementitious products
US5277580A (en) * 1993-02-16 1994-01-11 Lea-Con, Inc. Wall construction system for refractory furnaces
US5862641A (en) * 1996-01-06 1999-01-26 Lea-Con, Inc. Kiln anchor
EP2784421A1 (de) * 2013-03-27 2014-10-01 Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG Wölbstein zylinderförmiger inneren Auskleidung eines Drehrohrofens und Drehrohrofen
WO2014154364A1 (de) * 2013-03-27 2014-10-02 Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg Wölbstein zylinderförmige innere auskleidung eines drehrohrofens und drehrohrofen
RU2670821C2 (ru) * 2013-03-27 2018-10-25 Рифрэктори Интеллектчуал Проперти Гмбх Унд Ко. Кг Сводовый кирпич, цилиндрическая внутренняя облицовка вращающейся трубчатой печи и вращающаяся трубчатая печь
RU2670821C9 (ru) * 2013-03-27 2018-11-28 Рифрэктори Интеллектчуал Проперти Гмбх Унд Ко. Кг Сводовый кирпич, цилиндрическая внутренняя облицовка вращающейся трубчатой печи и вращающаяся трубчатая печь
CN105091566A (zh) * 2015-08-25 2015-11-25 安徽芜湖海螺建筑安装工程有限责任公司 一种水泥回转窑窑内放环向控制线的施工方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI753724A (fi) 1976-07-24
AT343035B (de) 1978-05-10
NZ179572A (en) 1978-03-06
IT1073737B (it) 1985-04-17
FI60073B (fi) 1981-07-31
BE837797A (fr) 1976-05-14
DE2557479B2 (de) 1981-04-02
YU2276A (en) 1982-05-31
JPS5198707A (fi) 1976-08-31
BR7600367A (pt) 1976-08-31
NO143328B (no) 1980-10-06
LU74224A1 (fi) 1976-07-23
AU8772975A (en) 1977-05-19
NL7600449A (nl) 1976-07-27
SE7600653L (sv) 1976-07-26
FI60073C (fi) 1981-11-10
DK21475A (da) 1976-07-24
ATA974175A (de) 1977-08-15
DE2557479C3 (de) 1981-12-10
CH606954A5 (fi) 1978-11-30
DE2557479A1 (de) 1976-07-29
GB1534302A (en) 1978-11-29
CA1053458A (en) 1979-05-01
FR2298779B1 (fi) 1980-04-25
GR58600B (en) 1977-11-10
JPS5629187B2 (fi) 1981-07-07
NO143328C (no) 1981-01-14
EG12645A (en) 1979-06-30
FR2298779A1 (fr) 1976-08-20
NO760088L (fi) 1976-07-26

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