US3992148A - Heat treatment of particulate solid material - Google Patents
Heat treatment of particulate solid material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3992148A US3992148A US05/551,319 US55131975A US3992148A US 3992148 A US3992148 A US 3992148A US 55131975 A US55131975 A US 55131975A US 3992148 A US3992148 A US 3992148A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- vessel
- discharge
- rotation
- hollow trunnions
- hollow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/28—Moving reactors, e.g. rotary drums
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/16—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials
- A23L3/165—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials in solid state
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/04—Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00026—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
- B01J2208/00035—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
- B01J2208/00044—Temperature measurement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
- B01J2208/00212—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders
Definitions
- This invention relates to the heat treatment of particulate solid materials and more particularly to an apparatus for batch sterilization thereof.
- an apparatus comprising a vessel rotatable on hollow trunnions about a generally horizontal axis and shaped so that during rotation the solid material is subjected to a tumbling action caused by the constantly changing shape of the portion of the vessel occupied by the solid material.
- This tumbling action not only aids the exposure of the particles to heat, which may be derived from steam fed into the vessel and/or conducted through the wall of vessel, e.g. from a steam jacket but it also enables the vessel to be used for blending, e.g. with a sauce, after sterilization of the solids is completed.
- Vessels of this type are known in the art of blending and drying, but these are normally loaded and emptied through a single access door remote from the axis of rotation for gravity feed. Such gravity discharge through an open door would clearly not be suitable for sterilized solid material.
- the present invention consists in apparatus for preparing sterilized particulate solid material, comprising a sterilizing vessel mounted on hollow trunnions for rotation about a generally horizontal axis and shaped so as to provide a tumbling action on the solid material therein as it rotates, a fluid inlet leading via one of the hollow trunnions, a discharge valve at a point remote from the axis of rotation leading into a solids discharge duct passing out via one of the hollow trunnions, and a supply line for cleaning and sterilizing fluids passing via one of the hollow trunnions, whereby the discharge duct may be cleaned and sterilized in preparation for discharge while the vessel is rotating.
- the supply line passes through the same hollow trunnion as the discharge duct.
- the vessel is preferably jacketed so that steam or cooling water may be circulated through the jacket.
- the fluid inlet may be stationary within its hollow trunnion and may consist of a pipe cranked upwardly into the head space near the top of the vessel.
- a vent and fluid discharge pipe may be led in via the same trunnion as the fluid inlet and this pipe may be normally static but adjustable in order to perform its dual function.
- the vessel consists of a pair of conical portions joined at their bases by a short cylindrical or spherical portion.
- the axis of rotation is diametrical to the cylindrical portion and the discharge valve is at the apex of one conical portion.
- the apex of the other conical portion may then have an access and loading door.
- FIG. 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of an apparatus constituting a preferred embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a scrap elevation on the arrow A, partly in section, showing the vessel in a different position.
- a sterilization vessel 14 consists of a pair of 90° conical portions 15 and 16 joined at their bases by a cylindrical portion 17.
- the vessel 14 is provided with hollow trunnions 18 and 19 mounted in the bearing blocks 13 so that the vessel is rotatable about a horizontal axis which is diametral of the cylindrical portion 17.
- a drive pinion is shown at 21.
- Each trunnion 18 and 19 is provided with a manifold assembly 22 whereby service lines for air, water, steam and electric power may be provided to the rotating vessel 14. For clarity of illustration, the details of the connections in these manifolds are not shown.
- the vessel 14 is provided with a jacket 23 to which steam or cooling water may be fed as required via lines of which one is illustrated at 23a. An outlet line is shown at 23b.
- Rotary seals adjacent to the product are traced by a sterilizing medium such as steam and also distributed via lines indicated at 42 to valve stem seals.
- the apex of the conical portion 15 is provided with an access and loading door 24, and the apex of the conical portion 16 with a pneumatically operated solids discharge valve 25 connecting to a discharge conduit 26 solid with the vessel 14 and passing coaxially along the hollow trunnion 18 to a rotary aseptic seal 43 for connection with a stationary conduit leading to an aseptic storage tank or an aseptic packaging apparatus.
- Steam for sterilizing the downstream zones of the valve 25 and the conduit 26 is obtained from the line 41 via a pneumatically operated valve 29.
- the conduit 26 may be passed within the jacket if required.
- a pneumatic controller for the valves 25 and 29 is indicated at 28.
- the trunnion 19 carries essentially static elements in the form of a steam and other fluid inlet pipe 31, a vent and outlet pipe 32, and a temperature probe 33.
- the pipe 31 extends away from the axis of rotation into the headspace above the material in the vessel 14, and then has an outlet end 34 bent over to prevent drips and a slow liquid flow down the outside of pipe 31.
- the steam and other fluid sources are indicated at 45 and 46.
- the pipe 32 extends generally parallel with the axis of rotation, and then passes through an elbow bend so as to extend at 90° to its original path. As illustrated, it has a filter 35, shown as of the bell mouth type, on its end. Its position may be adjusted to the position shown in FIG. 2 as required by means of a drum shown at 47, and also the filter 35 is removable, and may be replaced with a spray ball or other nozzle set for purposes of cleaning the inside of the vessel 14.
- the outer end of the pipe 31 is connectable to the steam source 45 for sterilization, and it is also connectable to sources, indicated at 46, of sterile air or other suitable sterile gas or gas mixture (referred to hereinafter as sterile gas) and a supply of liquid additive to be blended with the sterilized material.
- the pipe 32 is connected via a sterilizing biological filter 48 for its venting function, in order that air drawn in during possible cooling phases of the cycle shall not destroy the sterility. When in the position of FIG. 2, it may be used as a discharge line by-passing the filter 48 for the bulk of the liquid phase in the vessel to a hopper 49.
- a F o meter which integrates the sterilization temperature with time and automatically controls the apparatus to finish the sterilization step when the preset value, e.g. 20 minutes at 250° F (or equivalent sterilization value) has been reached.
- the vessel may be used for sterilization and also for post-sterilization treatment, such as blending with a sauce supplied via the pipe 31.
- post-sterilization treatment such as blending with a sauce supplied via the pipe 31.
- the downstream section of this valve and the conduit 26 must be sterilized by steam supplied via the valve 29 and line 41, and this can be carried out while the vessel is rotating.
- the apex of the conical portion 16 In order to discharge via the valve 25, the apex of the conical portion 16 must be below the axis of rotation so that the material can drain towards the outlet with the valve 25.
- Sterilized air under pressure is supplied via pipe 31 to ensure that the discharged material passes along conduit 26 and out through the trunnion 18, into a suitable sterile hopper 49 supplying sterile packaging or canning equipment.
- the vessel illustrated is intended to have an internal diameter of about 6 feet or 2 meters and may take a batch of food produce about 11/2 tons (or 1500 kg) in weight.
- the intended speed of rotation is for example between 3 and 10 rpm.
- rotation may be intermittent, e.g. one revolution at 5 r.p.m. once every minute.
- the offset provides a clearance between the filter or spray ball and the vessel when the pipe is in the upright position, but in the down position the filter is as close a practicable to the vessel wall so that the maximum amount of cooking liquor is drained off after cooling. It will also be appreciated that this leads to a degree of adjustability of the distance of the spray ball from the surface to be cleaned, by adjusting the angular position of the pipe 32.
- the apparatus is operated to produce a sterile food product containing discrete particles of similar size such as 3/4 inch diced meat and vegetables in a sauce. This is achieved by:
- the drive pinion 21 may be replaced by a suitable chain drive.
- the cylindrical portion 17 may be part spherical or otherwise curved to cross-section.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB870974A GB1445941A (en) | 1974-02-26 | 1974-02-26 | Heat treatment of particulate solid materials |
UK8709/74 | 1974-02-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3992148A true US3992148A (en) | 1976-11-16 |
Family
ID=9857739
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US05/551,319 Expired - Lifetime US3992148A (en) | 1974-02-26 | 1975-02-20 | Heat treatment of particulate solid material |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3992148A (es) |
BE (1) | BE825899A (es) |
CH (1) | CH584134A5 (es) |
DE (1) | DE2508164C3 (es) |
DK (1) | DK148763C (es) |
ES (1) | ES435058A1 (es) |
FR (1) | FR2261780B1 (es) |
GB (1) | GB1445941A (es) |
NL (1) | NL162549C (es) |
ZA (1) | ZA75925B (es) |
Cited By (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4062646A (en) * | 1974-05-11 | 1977-12-13 | Loedige Wilhelm | Process for sterilizing loose material |
US4234537A (en) * | 1977-12-23 | 1980-11-18 | Societe D'assistance Technique Pour Produits Nestle S.A. | Sterilization of particulate solid materials |
US4300447A (en) * | 1980-03-18 | 1981-11-17 | North Carolina State University At Raleigh | Nut blancher |
US4393755A (en) * | 1980-02-15 | 1983-07-19 | The A.P.V. Company Limited | Heat treatment of particulate solid materials |
US4543263A (en) * | 1983-06-07 | 1985-09-24 | Campbell Soup Company | Heating and cooling foods at high pressure in a continuous sterilization system |
US4660468A (en) * | 1983-06-07 | 1987-04-28 | Campbell Soup Company | Heating and cooling foods at high pressure in a continuous sterilization system |
US4830865A (en) * | 1986-12-15 | 1989-05-16 | Graham Corporation | Method for aseptically processing a food product |
US4916831A (en) * | 1987-11-02 | 1990-04-17 | Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Vacuum rotary dryer |
US4929463A (en) * | 1988-08-10 | 1990-05-29 | Curtice-Burns, Inc. | Process for aseptic preparation of particulate food products |
US5054933A (en) * | 1988-11-07 | 1991-10-08 | Dr. Herfeld Gmbh & Co., Kg | Mixing device with means to introduce and extract gaseous material |
US5130093A (en) * | 1989-09-20 | 1992-07-14 | Smeja Gmgh & Co. Kg | Cleaning and sterilizing machine for articles, such as closure elements for pharmaceutical containers |
GB2321596A (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 1998-08-05 | Wordsworth Holdings Plc | Sterilising apparatus |
WO2001081715A2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2001-11-01 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method and system for treating a hydrocarbon containing formation |
US20020006075A1 (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2002-01-17 | Asphalt Equipoment & Service Company Washington Corporation | Tireless rotary mixer |
EP1249428A2 (en) * | 2001-04-09 | 2002-10-16 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Methods for making molecular sieves |
US6588504B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2003-07-08 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to produce nitrogen and/or sulfur containing formation fluids |
US6659115B1 (en) * | 1999-04-13 | 2003-12-09 | Smeja Gmbh & Co. Kg | Cleaning and sterilizing machine |
US6698515B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-03-02 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using a relatively slow heating rate |
US6715548B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-04-06 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce nitrogen containing formation fluids |
US6715546B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-04-06 | Shell Oil Company | In situ production of synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon containing formation through a heat source wellbore |
EP1449543A1 (de) * | 2003-02-20 | 2004-08-25 | Atec Pharmatechnik Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Behandlung von kleineren Gegenständen |
US6782947B2 (en) | 2001-04-24 | 2004-08-31 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a relatively impermeable formation to increase permeability of the formation |
WO2006041437A1 (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-04-20 | Alliance Technology Group, Inc | Rotary bearing support |
EP1473532A3 (de) * | 2003-01-13 | 2008-08-20 | Bernd Dreisbach | Rotations-Trocknungsanlage |
US7735935B2 (en) | 2001-04-24 | 2010-06-15 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation containing carbonate minerals |
US20110013479A1 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2011-01-20 | Bodhisattwa Chaudhuri | Multi-Dimensional Rotary Mixer |
EP2578307A1 (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2013-04-10 | B.W. Soeteman B.V. | Mixer with indirect steam heating and/or water heating or cooling |
US11059008B2 (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2021-07-13 | Richard W. Alexander | Revolving chamber oscillation mixing devices and associated methods |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3086444A (en) * | 1957-11-08 | 1963-04-23 | Back William De | Apparatus for blanching comestibles |
DE2610221C2 (de) * | 1976-03-11 | 1983-11-24 | Paul 5419 Döttesfeld Kunz | Verfahren zum Garen von Nahrungsmitteln und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
AU541430B2 (en) * | 1980-02-15 | 1985-01-10 | A.P.V. International Limited | Heat treatment of particulate solid materials |
GB2069312B (en) * | 1980-02-15 | 1984-01-18 | Soq Des Produits Nestle Sa | Heat treatment of particulate solid materials |
SE466883B (sv) * | 1989-01-27 | 1992-04-27 | Alfa Laval Food Eng Ab | Anordning foer vaermebehandling av partikelformat material innefattande roerverk anslutet till aangkaella |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1019538A (en) * | 1911-08-21 | 1912-03-05 | James H Scott | Sterilizing apparatus. |
US2062330A (en) * | 1934-09-13 | 1936-12-01 | Borden Co | Method of treating liquids |
US2363949A (en) * | 1942-07-22 | 1944-11-28 | Ind Rayon Corp | Churn cleaning apparatus |
US2628080A (en) * | 1950-09-22 | 1953-02-10 | Patterson Foundry & Machine Co | Jacketed conical blender |
US2726069A (en) * | 1951-02-22 | 1955-12-06 | J R Andersson & Co Aktiebolag | Fat processing apparatus |
US2795404A (en) * | 1954-03-23 | 1957-06-11 | Jr Fritz G Cornell | Mixer |
US3401060A (en) * | 1965-03-31 | 1968-09-10 | Watts Grady | Method and apparatus for cleaning tanks |
US3526547A (en) * | 1968-08-21 | 1970-09-01 | Albert F Shock | Method and apparatus for cleaning out drain traps |
US3565168A (en) * | 1969-04-01 | 1971-02-23 | Pennwalt Corp | Cone dryer |
-
1974
- 1974-02-26 GB GB870974A patent/GB1445941A/en not_active Expired
-
1975
- 1975-02-13 ZA ZA00750925A patent/ZA75925B/xx unknown
- 1975-02-20 US US05/551,319 patent/US3992148A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1975-02-24 FR FR7505636A patent/FR2261780B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1975-02-24 BE BE153671A patent/BE825899A/xx unknown
- 1975-02-25 DE DE2508164A patent/DE2508164C3/de not_active Expired
- 1975-02-25 NL NL7502204.A patent/NL162549C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-02-25 ES ES435058A patent/ES435058A1/es not_active Expired
- 1975-02-26 DK DK74475A patent/DK148763C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-02-26 CH CH238775A patent/CH584134A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1019538A (en) * | 1911-08-21 | 1912-03-05 | James H Scott | Sterilizing apparatus. |
US2062330A (en) * | 1934-09-13 | 1936-12-01 | Borden Co | Method of treating liquids |
US2363949A (en) * | 1942-07-22 | 1944-11-28 | Ind Rayon Corp | Churn cleaning apparatus |
US2628080A (en) * | 1950-09-22 | 1953-02-10 | Patterson Foundry & Machine Co | Jacketed conical blender |
US2726069A (en) * | 1951-02-22 | 1955-12-06 | J R Andersson & Co Aktiebolag | Fat processing apparatus |
US2795404A (en) * | 1954-03-23 | 1957-06-11 | Jr Fritz G Cornell | Mixer |
US3401060A (en) * | 1965-03-31 | 1968-09-10 | Watts Grady | Method and apparatus for cleaning tanks |
US3526547A (en) * | 1968-08-21 | 1970-09-01 | Albert F Shock | Method and apparatus for cleaning out drain traps |
US3565168A (en) * | 1969-04-01 | 1971-02-23 | Pennwalt Corp | Cone dryer |
Cited By (54)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4062646A (en) * | 1974-05-11 | 1977-12-13 | Loedige Wilhelm | Process for sterilizing loose material |
US4234537A (en) * | 1977-12-23 | 1980-11-18 | Societe D'assistance Technique Pour Produits Nestle S.A. | Sterilization of particulate solid materials |
US4393755A (en) * | 1980-02-15 | 1983-07-19 | The A.P.V. Company Limited | Heat treatment of particulate solid materials |
US4300447A (en) * | 1980-03-18 | 1981-11-17 | North Carolina State University At Raleigh | Nut blancher |
US4543263A (en) * | 1983-06-07 | 1985-09-24 | Campbell Soup Company | Heating and cooling foods at high pressure in a continuous sterilization system |
US4660468A (en) * | 1983-06-07 | 1987-04-28 | Campbell Soup Company | Heating and cooling foods at high pressure in a continuous sterilization system |
US4830865A (en) * | 1986-12-15 | 1989-05-16 | Graham Corporation | Method for aseptically processing a food product |
US4916831A (en) * | 1987-11-02 | 1990-04-17 | Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Vacuum rotary dryer |
US4929463A (en) * | 1988-08-10 | 1990-05-29 | Curtice-Burns, Inc. | Process for aseptic preparation of particulate food products |
US5054933A (en) * | 1988-11-07 | 1991-10-08 | Dr. Herfeld Gmbh & Co., Kg | Mixing device with means to introduce and extract gaseous material |
US5130093A (en) * | 1989-09-20 | 1992-07-14 | Smeja Gmgh & Co. Kg | Cleaning and sterilizing machine for articles, such as closure elements for pharmaceutical containers |
GB2321596A (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 1998-08-05 | Wordsworth Holdings Plc | Sterilising apparatus |
US6659115B1 (en) * | 1999-04-13 | 2003-12-09 | Smeja Gmbh & Co. Kg | Cleaning and sterilizing machine |
US20020006075A1 (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2002-01-17 | Asphalt Equipoment & Service Company Washington Corporation | Tireless rotary mixer |
US6715549B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-04-06 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation with a selected atomic oxygen to carbon ratio |
US6729401B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-05-04 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation and ammonia production |
US6581684B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2003-06-24 | Shell Oil Company | In Situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce sulfur containing formation fluids |
US6588504B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2003-07-08 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to produce nitrogen and/or sulfur containing formation fluids |
US6607033B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2003-08-19 | Shell Oil Company | In Situ thermal processing of a coal formation to produce a condensate |
US6609570B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2003-08-26 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a coal formation and ammonia production |
US6789625B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-09-14 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using exposed metal heat sources |
US6698515B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-03-02 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a coal formation using a relatively slow heating rate |
US6702016B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-03-09 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation with heat sources located at an edge of a formation layer |
US6708758B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-03-23 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a coal formation leaving one or more selected unprocessed areas |
US6712135B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-03-30 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a coal formation in reducing environment |
US6715548B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-04-06 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to produce nitrogen containing formation fluids |
WO2001081715A2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2001-11-01 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method and system for treating a hydrocarbon containing formation |
US6715546B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-04-06 | Shell Oil Company | In situ production of synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon containing formation through a heat source wellbore |
US6722429B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-04-20 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation leaving one or more selected unprocessed areas |
US6722431B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-04-20 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of hydrocarbons within a relatively permeable formation |
US6725920B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-04-27 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation to convert a selected amount of total organic carbon into hydrocarbon products |
US6725921B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-04-27 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a coal formation by controlling a pressure of the formation |
US6729396B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-05-04 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to produce hydrocarbons having a selected carbon number range |
US6769485B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-08-03 | Shell Oil Company | In situ production of synthesis gas from a coal formation through a heat source wellbore |
US6732796B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-05-11 | Shell Oil Company | In situ production of synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon containing formation, the synthesis gas having a selected H2 to CO ratio |
US6736215B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-05-18 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation, in situ production of synthesis gas, and carbon dioxide sequestration |
US6739394B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-05-25 | Shell Oil Company | Production of synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon containing formation |
US6739393B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-05-25 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a coal formation and tuning production |
US6742587B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-06-01 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a coal formation to form a substantially uniform, relatively high permeable formation |
US6745837B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-06-08 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using a controlled heating rate |
US6745831B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-06-08 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation by controlling a pressure of the formation |
US6769483B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-08-03 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a hydrocarbon containing formation using conductor in conduit heat sources |
EP1249428A3 (en) * | 2001-04-09 | 2003-04-02 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Methods for making molecular sieves |
EP1249428A2 (en) * | 2001-04-09 | 2002-10-16 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Methods for making molecular sieves |
US6782947B2 (en) | 2001-04-24 | 2004-08-31 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of a relatively impermeable formation to increase permeability of the formation |
US7735935B2 (en) | 2001-04-24 | 2010-06-15 | Shell Oil Company | In situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation containing carbonate minerals |
EP1473532A3 (de) * | 2003-01-13 | 2008-08-20 | Bernd Dreisbach | Rotations-Trocknungsanlage |
EP1449543A1 (de) * | 2003-02-20 | 2004-08-25 | Atec Pharmatechnik Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Behandlung von kleineren Gegenständen |
WO2006041437A1 (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-04-20 | Alliance Technology Group, Inc | Rotary bearing support |
JP2008513710A (ja) * | 2004-09-21 | 2008-05-01 | アライアンス テクノロジー グループ,インク. | 回転軸受サポート |
US20090081091A1 (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2009-03-26 | Alliance Technology Group, Inc. | Rotary bearing support |
US20110013479A1 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2011-01-20 | Bodhisattwa Chaudhuri | Multi-Dimensional Rotary Mixer |
EP2578307A1 (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2013-04-10 | B.W. Soeteman B.V. | Mixer with indirect steam heating and/or water heating or cooling |
US11059008B2 (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2021-07-13 | Richard W. Alexander | Revolving chamber oscillation mixing devices and associated methods |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES435058A1 (es) | 1977-03-16 |
DE2508164B2 (de) | 1980-06-12 |
ZA75925B (en) | 1976-02-25 |
FR2261780A1 (es) | 1975-09-19 |
NL162549C (nl) | 1980-06-16 |
DK74475A (es) | 1975-10-20 |
DK148763C (da) | 1986-04-28 |
NL7502204A (nl) | 1975-08-28 |
FR2261780B1 (es) | 1977-11-10 |
CH584134A5 (es) | 1977-01-31 |
AU7859875A (en) | 1976-08-26 |
NL162549B (nl) | 1980-01-15 |
DE2508164A1 (de) | 1975-09-04 |
BE825899A (fr) | 1975-08-25 |
DE2508164C3 (de) | 1981-02-26 |
DK148763B (da) | 1985-09-23 |
GB1445941A (en) | 1976-08-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3992148A (en) | Heat treatment of particulate solid material | |
US4059919A (en) | Heat treating particulate material | |
US4967651A (en) | Apparatus for sterilization of spices and leafy herbs | |
JP4873866B2 (ja) | 液状充填物を瓶またはそのような容器に高温充填する方法とこの方法を実施する充填機 | |
EP0445286B1 (en) | Temperature controlled food processing apparatus and method | |
US3700468A (en) | Sterilizing separate compartments of particulate material | |
US3767362A (en) | Sterilisation of materials | |
GB1575069A (en) | Sterilization of particulate solid materials | |
US3268336A (en) | Method for producing a food product | |
CN205760859U (zh) | 一种配液系统 | |
CA2203092A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for sterilization and/or heat treatment of products in particle form, e.g. bone meal, and processing plant herewith | |
JP4261658B2 (ja) | 攪拌処理装置 | |
GB1445942A (en) | Sterilization of particulate solid materials | |
US3181955A (en) | Method of cooking grain in a closed system | |
US3837271A (en) | Heat treatment of flowable solids | |
US3764343A (en) | Continuous cooking method | |
US3886856A (en) | Continuous cooker | |
US1491031A (en) | Apparatus for agitating foodstuffs and the like | |
RU212130U1 (ru) | Горизонтальный продувочный смеситель-запарник кормов | |
JP3988132B2 (ja) | 小型蒸気式殺菌機 | |
JPH0329703A (ja) | ロータリー型無菌充填機 | |
JP3156155B2 (ja) | 殺菌機 | |
CN214824346U (zh) | 一种含果粒料液的无菌缓存输送装置 | |
RU2089607C1 (ru) | Биоконверсионная установка | |
JPH11309201A (ja) | 殺菌機 |