US3925994A - System of armouring earth - Google Patents

System of armouring earth Download PDF

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Publication number
US3925994A
US3925994A US481296A US48129674A US3925994A US 3925994 A US3925994 A US 3925994A US 481296 A US481296 A US 481296A US 48129674 A US48129674 A US 48129674A US 3925994 A US3925994 A US 3925994A
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Prior art keywords
beam elements
sheet
elongated
elements
earth
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Expired - Lifetime
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US481296A
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English (en)
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Bengt Broms
Oleg Wager
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Fodervavnader AB
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Fodervavnader AB
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
    • E02D29/0233—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being anchors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/28—Stressing the soil or the foundation structure while forming foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
    • E02D29/0241—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being reinforced earth elements

Definitions

  • An earthfilling reinforcement structure comprises one or more elongated, earth-imbedded carpets oriented in a plane substantially parallel to the surface of the earth being reinforced.
  • Each carpet comprises a comparatively wide net-like sheet fabricated of a substantially non-corrosive metallic or synthetic material, with the opposing ends of each sheet being rigidly anchored between a pair of beam elements fabricated of concrete or the like.
  • the present invention refers to a system for armouring of earth by means of at least one net-like sheet or carpet fabricated of a non-corrosive metal or a synthetic material, oriented in a plane substantially parallel with the level of the earth.
  • Armouring systems of the above general kind have to a steadily increasing degree (especially in France and Japan) replaced the conventional expensive, as well as clumsy and heavy steel armourings mostly in the form of pulling or anchoring bars for guarding against earth slides and slips accidently occurring in earth filling structures for various purposes.
  • a more universal use of application, combined with an improved armouring ability, is attained by the present invention by the fact that the carpet is, at both ends, rigidly anchored in a beam member of concrete or the like, said beam member consisting of two beam elements, one on top of the other and fixing between themselves an end of said carpet length, and if required supplemented with a clamping bond for pressing the beam elements against each other.
  • the structure of the invention can be used for stabilizing bank fillings on a weak underground support, for reducing the earth pressure against walls of brick, stones or the like, as well as for the actual building-up of such walls, quays, platforms etc.; further, the invention can advantageously be used for locking kerbstones during the building of streets with pavements, for stabilizing road banks and for stabilizing slopes in banks and intersections.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic isometric view of a portion of a platform or a wharf
  • FIG. 2 drawn on a larger scale, shows an element or a module in the structure according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows, in a sectional view, a schematic isometric picture of a quay (or a wall);
  • FIGS. 4, and 6 show, in sections, a view of a first and a second bank filling, and a street with a pavement, respectively;
  • FIG. 7 shows, in section, a view of a slope.
  • the platform or the wharf shown in FIG. 1 has rails and sleepers indicated at l and 2, respectively, on each side of the structure.
  • the structure comprises walls of preformed, preferably from concrete, plate shaped elements 3, piled orstacked one over the other.
  • the elements are maintained in place vertically and laterally by, on one hand, engaging members in the form of ribs 4 on the upper edge surfaces and associated first side edges (FIG. 2) of each element, and corresponding grooves 5 on the under edge surfaces and the associated second side edges, and on the other hand, by round iron bars which are pushed through vertical channels 6 in each element, as indicated in FIG. 1.
  • each of such elements (of the two undermost in FIG. 1) is subjected to only the pressure applied by each separate layer of earth instead of a downwardly accumulating pressure throughout the whole depth of the earth, as hitherto has been the case and thus required a downwardly increasing thickness of the wall structure.
  • the elements 3 may, on one hand, be manufactured with a uniform thickness and, on the other hand, be made surprisingly thin.
  • the figure also shows a pair of drain holes 8.
  • FIG. 2 shows in more detail an example of a concrete element 3 having ribs 4 on its upper and one side edge and grooves 5 in its under and second side edge.
  • the four channels 6 schematically indicated in FIG. 1 are also present in FIG. 2, pairwise designated 6a and 6b.
  • the purpose of the channels is to facilitate the assembling and the vertical alignment of elements 3 when building the wall.
  • first the lowest elements are laterally engaged with each other, and over these elements an additional row of elements are positioned, whereafter guiding round irons are inserted in the channels 6a and 6b.
  • a first set of carpets (preferably of the same width as the elements) are placed with their ends resting on the upper edges of the elements.
  • another set of carpets is applied etc. It is, of course, understood that earth filling (marked by small dots) is alternately supplied with the carpets.
  • the thin and therefore relatively light concrete elements in conjunction with the guiding method described above facilitates greatly the building-up which may be performed rapidly as well as exactly contrary to the known techniques where heavy walls have to be cast at the building site after a labourous preparing of supporting form structures and could not be used until after an adequate hardening.
  • the actual (brick) wall 10 corresponds completely to the left wall in FIG. 1.
  • the uniform thinness of the wall enabled by the concept on which the invention is based.
  • To the left of the quay wall there is shown water 11, and at the right side a fairly steep slope 12.
  • the anchoring between the beams may be secured by means of engaging means in the same manner as with the wall 10 and/or by bolt joints or the like.
  • the wall is shown founded on piles 15.
  • FIG. 4 An armouring arrangement by means of two pairs of concrete beams 13 and 14 and an intermediate carpet 7 is shown in FIG. 4 for a bank filling on a weak underground support, for a stabilizing of a bank crest in FIG. 5, and for a street with a pavement in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 7 finally, there is shown a stabilizing of a slope, where a carpet 7 is anchored in the bank crest by means of the beam element pair 13, 14 and laid along the slope and, if required, i.e. if the slope is steep and therefore the length of the carpet is too short for accumulating a sufficiently strong friction maintained in 3 place along the slope by means of thinner beam pairs 16, spaced at geotechnically adequate distances from each other.
  • the invention makes it possible to use preformed, material-saving element modules which are easily transportable and easy to handle so as to enable a rapid and economic building of platform and quay structures as well as stabilizing of slopes, road borders and slope crests on causeways etc.
  • the cooperating engaging means of the elements not necessarily made of concrete may be varied in a multitude of ways, and the round irons extending through channels in the elements for effecting the straightening-up may be replaced by fixed guide pins for inserting in corresponding holes in the adjacent element.
  • the carpets may instead of synthetic fiber (woven polyester) consist of a noncorrosive metal net; as a general rule the carpet material should have a relatively high coefficient of elasticity and a substantially negligable creeping during load.
  • the carpets represent the larger part of the total costs for the combination elements/carpets, one may if allowed by the geotechnical conditions reduce the total costs by, in the vertical direction, omitting carpets in certain element joints. Instead of clamping the ends of the carpets between the associated pair of elements, the carpets could be made continuous and arranged to form a loop around one element of the pair and return to the start point, where it again could be looped etc.
  • a structure for reinforcing and anchoring a body of earth comprising at least one comparatively wide, elongated, substantially continuous sheet of reinforcing material imbedded within said body of earth and oriented in a plane spaced from and substantially parallel to the external surface of said body of earth, said sheet having a net-like configuration throughout its length and width and being fabricated of a substantially noncorrosive material, each of the opposing comparatively wide ends of said elongated sheet being interposed and rigidly anchored between the facing edges of a pair of elongated, contiguous, superposed beam elements extending respectively in directions substantially parallel to the plane of said sheet.
  • said complementary non-planar configurations comprise at least one outwardly protruding rib extending in the direction of elongation of one of said beam elements, and an elongated complementary groove extending in the direction of elongation of the other of said elements for receiving said rib.
  • each beam element extending in directions generally perpendicular to the plane of said sheet, are provided respectively with an outstanding elongated rib and with a complementarily shaped elongated groove to permit plural such beam elements to be assembled in interengaged relation to one another in a direction generally parallel to the plane of said sheet.
  • each of said beam elements is provided with at least one of said ribs and with at least one of said grooves respectively, a plurality of said beam elements being disposed in superposed stacked configuration to form a substantially solid wall, and a plurality of said sheets extending in generally parallel spaced relation to one another in directions transverse to the plane of said wall, the corresponding ends of each of said sheets being rigidly anchored between the facing edges of different superposed pairs of said beam elements at different vertical levels along said wall.
  • said superposed beam elements are provided with interior, generally vertically oriented channels in alignment with one another from one to the other of said beam elements, and a rod-like member extending through each of said aligned channels from one to the other of said beam elements to maintain said superposed beam elements at predetermined positions relative to one another.
  • each of said beam elements comprises a plurality of preformed members which have predetermined standard dimensions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US481296A 1973-06-21 1974-06-20 System of armouring earth Expired - Lifetime US3925994A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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SE7308792A SE389358B (sv) 1973-06-21 1973-06-21 Anordning vid jordarmering.

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US3925994A true US3925994A (en) 1975-12-16

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US (1) US3925994A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5069803A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU7077274A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR7405098D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1003231A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DD (1) DD116279A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2429949A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK143718C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FI (1) FI58192C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2234427B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1453537A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
HU (1) HU178226B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IN (1) IN139791B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7408165A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO146962C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE389358B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
YU (1) YU174774A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA743941B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4126001A (en) * 1975-12-09 1978-11-21 Kyokado Engineering Co., Ltd. Method for constructing a soil structure
US4273476A (en) * 1977-11-29 1981-06-16 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Reinforcement of armored earth work constructions
US4324508A (en) * 1980-01-09 1982-04-13 Hilfiker Pipe Co. Retaining and reinforcement system method and apparatus for earthen formations
US4421439A (en) * 1979-09-03 1983-12-20 Akzona Incorporated Supporting fabric for bearing bulk material and a method of building a road, dike or dam embankment
US4519730A (en) * 1984-01-20 1985-05-28 Tekken Construction Co., Ltd. Method for constructing underground structure
US4591297A (en) * 1984-04-19 1986-05-27 Tekken Construction Co., Ltd. Method of building strengthened, embanked foundation
US4616959A (en) * 1985-03-25 1986-10-14 Hilfiker Pipe Co. Seawall using earth reinforcing mats
US4797026A (en) * 1984-05-09 1989-01-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Expandable sand-grid for stabilizing an undersurface
US4834584A (en) * 1987-11-06 1989-05-30 Hilfiker William K Dual swiggle reinforcement system
US4923339A (en) * 1987-09-14 1990-05-08 Fomico International, Inc. Foldable concrete retaining wall structure
US5064313A (en) * 1990-05-25 1991-11-12 Rothbury Investments Limited Embankment reinforcing structures
US5156495A (en) * 1978-10-16 1992-10-20 P. L. G. Research Limited Plastic material mesh structure
US5419659A (en) * 1978-10-16 1995-05-30 P.L.G. Research Limited Plastic material mesh structure
US5490363A (en) * 1992-10-06 1996-02-13 Anchor Wall Sytems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US5522682A (en) * 1994-03-02 1996-06-04 The Tensar Corporation Modular wall block system and grid connection device for use therewith
US5564865A (en) * 1993-12-17 1996-10-15 Jansson; Jan E. Concrete module for retaining wall and improved retaining wall
US5589124A (en) * 1989-09-28 1996-12-31 Block Systems, Inc. Method of forming composite masonry blocks
US5636938A (en) * 1994-06-15 1997-06-10 Ragazzo; George Gabion system
US5704183A (en) * 1992-10-06 1998-01-06 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US5709062A (en) * 1992-10-06 1998-01-20 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US5879603A (en) * 1996-11-08 1999-03-09 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Process for producing masonry block with roughened surface
US6029943A (en) * 1996-11-08 2000-02-29 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Splitting technique
USD435302S (en) * 1999-10-15 2000-12-19 Kiltie Corp. Front surface of a retaining wall module
US6178704B1 (en) 1996-11-08 2001-01-30 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Splitting technique
USD445512S1 (en) 1997-10-27 2001-07-24 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Retaining wall block
USD458693S1 (en) 1996-11-08 2002-06-11 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Retaining wall block
US6488448B1 (en) 1999-10-15 2002-12-03 Kiltie Corp. Block module
US20060096180A1 (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-05-11 Price Brian A Retaining wall block and grid system
USD537533S1 (en) 2005-09-28 2007-02-27 Kiltie Corporation Retaining wall block
US7524144B2 (en) 2004-06-22 2009-04-28 Allan Block Corporation Retaining wall
CN105696701A (zh) * 2016-01-15 2016-06-22 武汉大学 一种顺坡剪力墙建筑开发平台及其施工方法
US20180305883A1 (en) * 2015-10-13 2018-10-25 John Jarvie Earth retention levee system
US20240018737A1 (en) * 2020-12-22 2024-01-18 Zhen's Corporation Retaining-wall panel system and flexible reinforcement mechanical connection method therefor

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2303121A1 (fr) * 1975-03-03 1976-10-01 Vidal Henri Ouvrages en remblai arme
FR2377482A1 (fr) * 1977-01-17 1978-08-11 Setec Geotechnique Procede de construction d'ouvrages, notamment murs de quais, murs de soutenement ou autres
GB1577149A (en) * 1977-04-19 1980-10-22 Ici Ltd Method of reinforcing and stabilising soil
US4141184A (en) * 1977-08-09 1979-02-27 Vidal Henri C Terraced dwellings
AT380288B (de) * 1981-11-12 1986-05-12 Schwarz Gerhard Bauwerk, vorzugsweise stuetzmauer, damm od. dgl.
GB2131063B (en) * 1982-11-19 1985-07-24 Atlas Ind Ltd Method of and apparatus for retaining earth formations
EP0130949A3 (en) * 1983-06-28 1985-11-27 Luciano Sangiorgio Concrete panels and relative means for their anchoring to earth, for forming a facing wall of variable planimetric course and allowing settlement of the panels in the facing wall surface, and the facing wall thus obtained
CA1243497A (en) * 1986-01-15 1988-10-25 Hugh G. Wilson Retaining wall structure
GB2199603A (en) * 1986-12-13 1988-07-13 Colin John Francis Phili Jones Anchored soil structure
FR2646448B1 (fr) * 1989-04-27 1992-03-20 Chapuis Philippe Procede de construction d'un ouvrage d'art, blocs de parements pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procede et ouvrage d'art ainsi realise
DE3917500A1 (de) * 1989-05-30 1990-12-06 Sf Vollverbundstein (beton-) formstein fuer stuetzmauern, form fuer die herstellung sowie stuetzmauer
GB2276899B (en) * 1993-03-11 1995-12-20 Cordek Ltd Improvements in or relating to filling in a hollow in the ground
DE19754506A1 (de) * 1997-12-09 1999-06-10 Ross Kurt G Pfeiler-Anker-Stützkonstruktion
CN105040539A (zh) * 2015-07-21 2015-11-11 成都聚智工业设计有限公司 路基结构
CN114086572A (zh) * 2021-11-23 2022-02-25 上海交通大学 一种膨胀土边坡用防水消能支护结构

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US2315351A (en) * 1941-07-02 1943-03-30 Schaefer Frederic Embankment retainer
US3561219A (en) * 1967-10-13 1971-02-09 Toray Industries Textile mat for industrial use in the field of civil engineering
US3587964A (en) * 1969-04-18 1971-06-28 Meadows W R Inc Protective course for bridge deck
US3613382A (en) * 1969-08-06 1971-10-19 West Construction Enterprises Sea wall construction
US3686873A (en) * 1969-08-14 1972-08-29 Henri C Vidal Constructional works

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2315351A (en) * 1941-07-02 1943-03-30 Schaefer Frederic Embankment retainer
US3561219A (en) * 1967-10-13 1971-02-09 Toray Industries Textile mat for industrial use in the field of civil engineering
US3587964A (en) * 1969-04-18 1971-06-28 Meadows W R Inc Protective course for bridge deck
US3613382A (en) * 1969-08-06 1971-10-19 West Construction Enterprises Sea wall construction
US3686873A (en) * 1969-08-14 1972-08-29 Henri C Vidal Constructional works

Cited By (57)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4126001A (en) * 1975-12-09 1978-11-21 Kyokado Engineering Co., Ltd. Method for constructing a soil structure
US4273476A (en) * 1977-11-29 1981-06-16 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Reinforcement of armored earth work constructions
US5156495A (en) * 1978-10-16 1992-10-20 P. L. G. Research Limited Plastic material mesh structure
US5419659A (en) * 1978-10-16 1995-05-30 P.L.G. Research Limited Plastic material mesh structure
US4421439A (en) * 1979-09-03 1983-12-20 Akzona Incorporated Supporting fabric for bearing bulk material and a method of building a road, dike or dam embankment
US4324508A (en) * 1980-01-09 1982-04-13 Hilfiker Pipe Co. Retaining and reinforcement system method and apparatus for earthen formations
US4519730A (en) * 1984-01-20 1985-05-28 Tekken Construction Co., Ltd. Method for constructing underground structure
US4591297A (en) * 1984-04-19 1986-05-27 Tekken Construction Co., Ltd. Method of building strengthened, embanked foundation
US4797026A (en) * 1984-05-09 1989-01-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Expandable sand-grid for stabilizing an undersurface
US4616959A (en) * 1985-03-25 1986-10-14 Hilfiker Pipe Co. Seawall using earth reinforcing mats
US4923339A (en) * 1987-09-14 1990-05-08 Fomico International, Inc. Foldable concrete retaining wall structure
US4834584A (en) * 1987-11-06 1989-05-30 Hilfiker William K Dual swiggle reinforcement system
US6183168B1 (en) 1989-09-28 2001-02-06 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US6616382B2 (en) 1989-09-28 2003-09-09 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US6312197B1 (en) 1989-09-28 2001-11-06 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US5589124A (en) * 1989-09-28 1996-12-31 Block Systems, Inc. Method of forming composite masonry blocks
US7048472B2 (en) 1989-09-28 2006-05-23 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US6142713A (en) * 1989-09-28 2000-11-07 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US7360970B2 (en) 1989-09-28 2008-04-22 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US5827015A (en) * 1989-09-28 1998-10-27 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US5064313A (en) * 1990-05-25 1991-11-12 Rothbury Investments Limited Embankment reinforcing structures
US5795105A (en) * 1992-10-06 1998-08-18 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US5711129A (en) * 1992-10-06 1998-01-27 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Masonry block
US7384215B2 (en) 1992-10-06 2008-06-10 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US5709062A (en) * 1992-10-06 1998-01-20 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US6113318A (en) * 1992-10-06 2000-09-05 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US5704183A (en) * 1992-10-06 1998-01-06 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US5490363A (en) * 1992-10-06 1996-02-13 Anchor Wall Sytems, Inc. Composite masonry block
US5564865A (en) * 1993-12-17 1996-10-15 Jansson; Jan E. Concrete module for retaining wall and improved retaining wall
US5522682A (en) * 1994-03-02 1996-06-04 The Tensar Corporation Modular wall block system and grid connection device for use therewith
US5636938A (en) * 1994-06-15 1997-06-10 Ragazzo; George Gabion system
US6178704B1 (en) 1996-11-08 2001-01-30 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Splitting technique
US5879603A (en) * 1996-11-08 1999-03-09 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Process for producing masonry block with roughened surface
US6029943A (en) * 1996-11-08 2000-02-29 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Splitting technique
USD458693S1 (en) 1996-11-08 2002-06-11 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Retaining wall block
USD445512S1 (en) 1997-10-27 2001-07-24 Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. Retaining wall block
US7244079B1 (en) 1999-10-15 2007-07-17 Kiltie Corporation Retaining wall system
US6488448B1 (en) 1999-10-15 2002-12-03 Kiltie Corp. Block module
US6960048B2 (en) 1999-10-15 2005-11-01 Kiltie Corporation Modular segmented retaining wall
US20060002769A1 (en) * 1999-10-15 2006-01-05 Kiltie Corporation Retaining wall system
USD435302S (en) * 1999-10-15 2000-12-19 Kiltie Corp. Front surface of a retaining wall module
US7229235B2 (en) 1999-10-15 2007-06-12 Kiltie Corporation Retaining wall system
USD447573S1 (en) 1999-10-15 2001-09-04 Kiltie Corp. Front surface of a retaining wall module
USD452332S1 (en) 1999-10-15 2001-12-18 Kiltie Corporation Modular retaining wall block
USD458387S1 (en) 1999-10-15 2002-06-04 Kiltie Corp. Modular retaining wall block
US7524144B2 (en) 2004-06-22 2009-04-28 Allan Block Corporation Retaining wall
US20060096180A1 (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-05-11 Price Brian A Retaining wall block and grid system
USD569010S1 (en) 2005-09-28 2008-05-13 Kiltie Corporation Retaining wall block
USD552258S1 (en) 2005-09-28 2007-10-02 Kiltie Corporation Retaining wall block
USD537533S1 (en) 2005-09-28 2007-02-27 Kiltie Corporation Retaining wall block
US20180305883A1 (en) * 2015-10-13 2018-10-25 John Jarvie Earth retention levee system
EP3362607A4 (en) * 2015-10-13 2019-07-31 Jarvie, John DUST SYSTEM FOR SOIL RETENTION
US10494783B2 (en) * 2015-10-13 2019-12-03 Armour Wall Group Pty Ltd Earth retention levee system
CN105696701A (zh) * 2016-01-15 2016-06-22 武汉大学 一种顺坡剪力墙建筑开发平台及其施工方法
CN105696701B (zh) * 2016-01-15 2017-11-10 武汉大学 一种顺坡剪力墙建筑开发平台及其施工方法
US20240018737A1 (en) * 2020-12-22 2024-01-18 Zhen's Corporation Retaining-wall panel system and flexible reinforcement mechanical connection method therefor
US12152363B2 (en) * 2020-12-22 2024-11-26 Zhen's Corporation Retaining-wall panel system and flexible reinforcement mechanical connection method therefor

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CA1003231A (en) 1977-01-11
GB1453537A (en) 1976-10-27
HU178226B (en) 1982-04-28
FR2234427B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1979-08-17
DD116279A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-11-12
DE2429949A1 (de) 1975-01-16
JPS5069803A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-06-10
FI58192B (fi) 1980-08-29
NO742241L (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-01-20
YU174774A (en) 1982-02-25
AU7077274A (en) 1976-01-08
FI185774A7 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-12-22
DK143718B (da) 1981-09-28
BR7405098D0 (pt) 1975-10-07
DK143718C (da) 1982-03-15
DK331574A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-02-10
ZA743941B (en) 1975-06-25
SE389358B (sv) 1976-11-01
SE7308792L (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-12-23
NO146962C (no) 1983-01-05
FI58192C (fi) 1980-12-10
FR2234427A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-01-17
NO146962B (no) 1982-09-27
NL7408165A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-12-24
IN139791B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-07-31

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