US3881828A - Pens and nibs therefor - Google Patents

Pens and nibs therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
US3881828A
US3881828A US378619A US37861973A US3881828A US 3881828 A US3881828 A US 3881828A US 378619 A US378619 A US 378619A US 37861973 A US37861973 A US 37861973A US 3881828 A US3881828 A US 3881828A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
foam material
pen nib
ink
foam
nibs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US378619A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Frederick O Jones
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wilkinson Sword Ltd
Original Assignee
Wilkinson Sword Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wilkinson Sword Ltd filed Critical Wilkinson Sword Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3881828A publication Critical patent/US3881828A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
    • B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
    • B43K8/00—Pens with writing-points other than nibs or balls
    • B43K8/02—Pens with writing-points other than nibs or balls with writing-points comprising fibres, felt, or similar porous or capillary material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
    • B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
    • B43K8/00—Pens with writing-points other than nibs or balls
    • B43K8/02—Pens with writing-points other than nibs or balls with writing-points comprising fibres, felt, or similar porous or capillary material
    • B43K8/026—Pens with writing-points other than nibs or balls with writing-points comprising fibres, felt, or similar porous or capillary material with writing-points comprising capillary material

Definitions

  • Fibre-tipped pens whilst convenient to use and relatively inexpensive to produce, are disadvantageous in that their fibre nibs tend to wear rapidly in use.
  • the nibs of fibre-tipped pens are conventionally formed from bonded fibres, the strength of the nib increasing as the proportion of the periphery of each fibre bonded to adjacent fibres is increased.
  • ink flows through such a nib via voids between the fibres and consequently the effective porosity of the nib decreases as the degree of bonding between the fibres is increased; for this reason the degree of bonding between the fibres in the nib is necessarily a compromise so as to provide reasonable strength without occupying sufficient space to impede the flow of ink.
  • a pen nib of ink-permeable metal foam or inkpermeable plastics foam is provided.
  • the invention further provides a pen having an ink reservoir and a pen nib of ink-permeable metal foam or ink-permeable plastics foam.
  • the foam material used for the pen nibs should be of open-cell structure with the apertures between the cells constituting the pores of the structure.
  • the pen has a barrel 10 containing a porous filler 10a, for example a cellulosebased material, which constitutes the ink reservoir.
  • a porous filler 10a for example a cellulosebased material
  • One end of the barrel 10 is formed with an opening 10b to receive a nib 11 which may be ofa force fit in the opening 10b or may be staked by a pin (not shown) or secured in any other suitable manner.
  • a plug 12 After the reservoir 100 has been filled the end of the barrel l remote from the nib It is closed by a plug 12.
  • the foam may, for example, be of nickel, or a nickel/- chromium alloy, or of an iron/chromium alloy, nickel/- chromium alloys being particularly suitable.
  • the cell spaces in the foam amount to from 30 to 80 percent of the total volume of the foam and the mean pore size is preferably from 10 to 10 metres with a cell size not greater than 3 X 10 metres.
  • the larger mean pore sizes are required for relatively viscous inks and a mean pore size of from 1 to 5 X metres is usually suitable for water-based inks.
  • the thickness of the metal between the pores is preferably at least one tenth of the mean pore size.
  • the nib is of an ink permeable plastics foam it may, for example, be of a polyalkylene, particularly polyethylene or polypropylene, a polyurethane or a polyamide. particularly a nylon.
  • the pore sizes are preferably similar to those for the metal foams referred to above. Since plastics materials generally have a relatively low Youngs Modulus (approximately 100,000 p.s.i. in contrast to approximately 20,000,000 p.s.i. for metals), nibs formed from a foam of plastics material can be more readily deformed under pressure so that the width of a line produced thereby can be varied.
  • the nib has a thin surface coating of a metal or alloy to improve the wear characteristics of the nib without substantially reducing its overall resilience.
  • the surface of the nib is electroplated with a strong wear-resistant metal such as, for example, nickel or chromium.
  • Pen nibs in accordance with the present invention and having tip dimensions similar to those of conventional fibre nibs can be produced having lower wear rates than such fibre nibs. This means that a nib in accordance with the invention can have an ultimate tip of smaller dimensions than that of conventional fibre nibs but with commensurate useful life.
  • Increased ink flows can be obtained with nibs in accordance with the invention compared with fibre nibs to permit faster writing speeds to be used. Furthermore, such increased ink flows can be obtained with nibs having at least as good, and frequently better, wear properties and mechanical strengths than fibre nibs.
  • the ink reservoir formed separately from the nib
  • the reservoir may be formed integral with the nib
  • Nibs can be formed from ink-permeable metal foam material by deformation, for example, by rolling, drawing or swaging, to reduce the cross-section of the pores of the foam and to elongate the cells in the direction of the ink flow. Nibs with square or hexagonal cross section may be produced. Furthermore, an integral nib/reservoir assembly can be produced by likewise deforming one end of a length of a foam metal to form the nib, the remaining portion of the length of material forming a reservoir having larger cells with a higher ink-carrying capacity per unit volume than the nib.
  • a pen nib composed of a relatively rigid, inkpermeable metal foam material, said foam material having an open-cell structure, said structure having apertures between the cells, said apertures constituting the pores of the structure.
  • a pen nib according to claim 1, wherein the foam material has from 30 to percent of its total volume as cell space.
  • a pen nib according to claim 1, wherein the foam material is of an iron/chromium alloy.
  • a pen nib composed of a relatively rigid, inkpermeable metal foam material, said foam material having a structure of open-cells with from 30 to 80 percent of its total volume as cell space and with the size of the cells less than 3 X 10" metres, said structure having apertures between the cells, said apertures having a mean pore size of from 10 to 10 metres.
  • a pen nib according to claim 8 wherein the cells are elongated in the direction of ink flow.

Landscapes

  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
US378619A 1972-07-18 1973-07-12 Pens and nibs therefor Expired - Lifetime US3881828A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3343672A GB1428972A (en) 1972-07-18 1972-07-18 Pens and nibs therefor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3881828A true US3881828A (en) 1975-05-06

Family

ID=10352939

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US378619A Expired - Lifetime US3881828A (en) 1972-07-18 1973-07-12 Pens and nibs therefor

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3881828A (ja)
JP (1) JPS4952025A (ja)
AU (1) AU468697B2 (ja)
CA (1) CA989775A (ja)
DE (1) DE2335245A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2192918A1 (ja)
GB (1) GB1428972A (ja)
IT (1) IT992196B (ja)
ZA (1) ZA734731B (ja)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4086312A (en) * 1976-04-08 1978-04-25 Glasrock Products, Inc. Writing pen core having an integral nib and ink reservoir and method of manufacture
US4093769A (en) * 1976-02-18 1978-06-06 Glasrock Products, Inc. Capillary body and method of producing the same
US4104781A (en) * 1976-06-10 1978-08-08 Glasrock Products, Inc. Method of manufacturing a marking pen having a nib and an ink reservoir integral therewith
US4119756A (en) * 1976-06-10 1978-10-10 Glasrock Products, Inc. Method of manufacturing a marking pen having a nib and an ink reservoir integral therewith
US4221493A (en) * 1977-08-31 1980-09-09 Scripto, Inc. Pen nibs
US4238162A (en) * 1978-04-17 1980-12-09 Sanford Research Company Nib retaining assembly for a writing instrument
US4524365A (en) * 1982-09-03 1985-06-18 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Receptacle for waste ink collection in ink jet recording apparatus
US4923317A (en) * 1987-03-04 1990-05-08 Avery International Corporation Brushless white-out correcting fluid applicator
US5480250A (en) * 1994-04-08 1996-01-02 Birden; Donald Dispenser with rigid open pore nib
US5851079A (en) * 1996-10-25 1998-12-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Simplified undirectional twist-up dispensing device with incremental dosing
EP1340624A1 (en) * 2000-11-09 2003-09-03 Mitsubishi Pencil Kabushiki Kaisha Writing utensil excellent in cap-off characteristics
US6887504B2 (en) * 2000-10-13 2005-05-03 Stephen L. Palmer Marking pen for decorating food
US20080028802A1 (en) * 2006-08-01 2008-02-07 Glenn Thomas Jordan Receiving apparatus
US9682886B1 (en) 2014-06-17 2017-06-20 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Ink coating application system and method
US20230086315A1 (en) * 2020-02-06 2023-03-23 Mitsubishi Pencil Company, Limited Marking pen

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS52143118A (en) * 1976-05-21 1977-11-29 Yoshito Kiriyuu Writing pen tip
DE3045040A1 (de) * 1980-11-27 1982-09-09 Kurex - Maschinenreparatur- und -handelsgesellschaft mbH, 1000 Berlin Applikator zur farbuebertragung, insbesondere von korrekturfluessigkeit, vom fluessigkeitsbehaelter auf schreibpapier, fotos und fotokopien

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2434775A (en) * 1943-05-08 1948-01-20 Sosnick Benjamin Process for making foamlike mass of metal
US2684052A (en) * 1948-09-11 1954-07-20 Parker Pen Co Writing instrument
US3111702A (en) * 1963-06-24 1963-11-26 United States Filter Corp Products formed from continuous filamentary tows
US3628876A (en) * 1962-12-12 1971-12-21 Textron Inc Writing implement

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2434775A (en) * 1943-05-08 1948-01-20 Sosnick Benjamin Process for making foamlike mass of metal
US2684052A (en) * 1948-09-11 1954-07-20 Parker Pen Co Writing instrument
US3628876A (en) * 1962-12-12 1971-12-21 Textron Inc Writing implement
US3111702A (en) * 1963-06-24 1963-11-26 United States Filter Corp Products formed from continuous filamentary tows

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4093769A (en) * 1976-02-18 1978-06-06 Glasrock Products, Inc. Capillary body and method of producing the same
US4086312A (en) * 1976-04-08 1978-04-25 Glasrock Products, Inc. Writing pen core having an integral nib and ink reservoir and method of manufacture
US4104781A (en) * 1976-06-10 1978-08-08 Glasrock Products, Inc. Method of manufacturing a marking pen having a nib and an ink reservoir integral therewith
US4119756A (en) * 1976-06-10 1978-10-10 Glasrock Products, Inc. Method of manufacturing a marking pen having a nib and an ink reservoir integral therewith
US4221493A (en) * 1977-08-31 1980-09-09 Scripto, Inc. Pen nibs
US4238162A (en) * 1978-04-17 1980-12-09 Sanford Research Company Nib retaining assembly for a writing instrument
US4524365A (en) * 1982-09-03 1985-06-18 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Receptacle for waste ink collection in ink jet recording apparatus
US4923317A (en) * 1987-03-04 1990-05-08 Avery International Corporation Brushless white-out correcting fluid applicator
US5480250A (en) * 1994-04-08 1996-01-02 Birden; Donald Dispenser with rigid open pore nib
US5851079A (en) * 1996-10-25 1998-12-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Simplified undirectional twist-up dispensing device with incremental dosing
US6887504B2 (en) * 2000-10-13 2005-05-03 Stephen L. Palmer Marking pen for decorating food
EP1340624A1 (en) * 2000-11-09 2003-09-03 Mitsubishi Pencil Kabushiki Kaisha Writing utensil excellent in cap-off characteristics
US20040028462A1 (en) * 2000-11-09 2004-02-12 Kazuhiro Ami Writing utensil excellent in cap-off characteristics
EP1340624A4 (en) * 2000-11-09 2004-12-01 Mitsubishi Pencil Co ARTICLE FOR WRITING THE TIP OF WHICH DOES NOT DRY, EVEN WITHOUT A CAP
US7001094B2 (en) 2000-11-09 2006-02-21 Mitsubishi Pencil Kabushiki Kaisha Writing utensil having excellent cap-off performance
US20080028802A1 (en) * 2006-08-01 2008-02-07 Glenn Thomas Jordan Receiving apparatus
US9682886B1 (en) 2014-06-17 2017-06-20 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Ink coating application system and method
US20230086315A1 (en) * 2020-02-06 2023-03-23 Mitsubishi Pencil Company, Limited Marking pen
US11987068B2 (en) * 2020-02-06 2024-05-21 Mitsubishi Pencil Company, Limited Marking pen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA989775A (en) 1976-05-25
JPS4952025A (ja) 1974-05-21
FR2192918A1 (ja) 1974-02-15
IT992196B (it) 1975-09-10
GB1428972A (en) 1976-03-24
DE2335245A1 (de) 1974-02-07
ZA734731B (en) 1975-02-26
AU468697B2 (en) 1976-01-22
AU5795773A (en) 1975-01-16

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