US3871445A - Reaction apparatus for carrying out exothermic and endothermic chemical processes with radial flow of a heat exchange medium - Google Patents

Reaction apparatus for carrying out exothermic and endothermic chemical processes with radial flow of a heat exchange medium Download PDF

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Publication number
US3871445A
US3871445A US323224A US32322473A US3871445A US 3871445 A US3871445 A US 3871445A US 323224 A US323224 A US 323224A US 32322473 A US32322473 A US 32322473A US 3871445 A US3871445 A US 3871445A
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United States
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
exchange medium
tank
annular
reaction
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Expired - Lifetime
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US323224A
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English (en)
Inventor
Oskar Wanka
Friedrich Gutlhuber
Hermann Graf
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MAN DWE GmbH
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Deggendorfer Werft und Eisenbau GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
    • B01J8/067—Heating or cooling the reactor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00212—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00212—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders
    • B01J2208/00221—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders comprising baffles for guiding the flow of the heat exchange medium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00256—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles in a heat exchanger for the heat exchange medium separate from the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/02—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor with stationary particles
    • B01J2208/023—Details
    • B01J2208/024—Particulate material
    • B01J2208/025—Two or more types of catalyst
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00761—Details of the reactor
    • B01J2219/00763—Baffles
    • B01J2219/00765—Baffles attached to the reactor wall
    • B01J2219/00777—Baffles attached to the reactor wall horizontal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F28F2009/222—Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit
    • F28F2009/226—Transversal partitions

Definitions

  • a heat exchange medium is circulated by afan, pump or the like through an external heat exchanger and is supplied and discharged through respective axially spaced annular supply and discharge conduits, to flow over the contact tubes.
  • Baffles are arranged in the tank in a known manner to extend transversely olthe length of the tubes to direct the heat exchange medium to flow alternately in opposed radial directions over the tubes between the supply and discharge conduits.
  • At least one additional annular circuit is arranged at at least one point of the tank intermediate the supply and discharge conduits, is connected to the heat exchanger and the tank and supplies and discharges a regulable partial amount of the heat exchange medium.
  • several such additional annular conduits are arranged at respective points of the tank intermediate the supply and discharge conduits.
  • diaphragms or partitions divide the tank into separate compartments each of which has a respective heat exchanger associated therewith.
  • a heat exchange medium generally is conducted through the space of the tank surrounding the contact tubes, in order either to absorb or to supplement the heat released or used up, depending on the type of the chemical process.
  • the heat exchange medium is restored to its original temperature, after issuing from the tank, by a cooling device or a heating device, depending on the type of the chemical process, before the heat exchange medium is again directed into the tank for a further flow cycle.
  • distributor plates or baffles defining flow cross sectional areas dimensioned and corresponding to the pressure loss of the heat exchange medium supplied and discharged, in the two end regions, transversely of the contact tubes and thus parallel to these distributor plates.
  • a predominantly transverse flow of the heat exchange medium with respect to the contact tubes instead of the predominantly longitudinal flow, has already been provided by arranging deflecting plates or baffles which provide alternate flow cross sections on opposite sides thereof, as disclosed in German published Specification No. 1,039,040.
  • a flow course is not suitable for reaction apparatus with a high output, where the ratio of diameter to length of the reaction tank is relatively high, because of the large number of contact tubes.
  • the flow resistance to the heat exchange medium through the many contact tubes extending in each course of the many deflections transverse to its direction of flow is likewise relatively high, because it requires, on the one hand, an uneconomically high circulation performance for the heat exchange medium and, on the other hand, an inadmissably large portion of the heat exchange medium flows through the gap between the various contact tubes and the deflecting plates or baffles.
  • the present invention is based on the consideration of changing the temperature characteristic of the heat exchange medium along the contact tubes in a certain manner, and this requires additional measures to influence the elimination and the supply of heat. Accordingly, the invention comprises, in connection with the uniform supply and discharge of the heat exchange medium around the circumference, as well as the alternately radially inwardly and radially outwardly directed flow of the heat exchange medium, providing at least one additional ring circuit or annular conduit for the supply or discharge of an adjustable partial amount of the heat exchange medium, at at least one point intermediate the annular discharge and supply conduits at the respective opposite ends of the reaction chamber or tank.
  • the gaps between the deflecting plates or baffles and the contact tubes are so designed that the transverse velocity of flow of the heat exchange medium is maintained substantially constant within a zone, which has the result that the heat transfer within a zone is also constant.
  • the reaction tank is divided, by separating partitions or diaphragms extending transversely of the contact tubes, into two or more sections, with separate inlets and outlets for the heat exchange medium being arranged for each section.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an improved heat exchange arrangement for reaction apparatus for carrying out exothermic and endothermic chemical processes.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a heat exchange arrangement in which the temperature characteristic of the heat exchange medium longitudinally of the contact tubes of the reaction apparatus can be changed in a certain manner.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide such a heat exchange arrangement, for reaction apparatus in which the heat exchange medium is supplied and discharged through respective axially spaced annular supply and discharge conduits, in which at least one additional annular conduit, for the supply or discharge of an adjustable partial amount of the heat exchange medium, is provided at at least one point intermediate the supply and discharge conduits.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a heat exchange arrangement in which the transverse velocity of flow is kept substantially constant within the zone to maintain the heat transfer within the zone also constant.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide such a heat exchange arrangement in which the temperature differences and the pressure losses are reduced to a minimum in a horizontal section inside a zone.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a reaction tank, embodying the invention, with an external heat exchanger;
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are diametric sectional views taken on the line ll-ll and Ill-Ill, respectively, of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of another reaction tank embodying the invention and also provided with external heat exchanger means;
  • FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view through still another reaction tank embodying the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a detailed sectional view illustrating the contact tubes as rolled to attain a fluid-tight fit in a partition.
  • a substantially cylindrical reaction tank 1 has arranged therein a ring-shaped or annular nest of contact tubes 2 whose opposite ends are secured, in fluid tight relation, in upper and lower headers 3 and 4, respectively, and open into respective adjoining hoods or chambers 5 and 6.
  • the contact tubes 2 are filled, as usual, with a catalyst material, and they are traversed by a reaction gas from either the top to the bottom or from the bottom to the top thereof.
  • deflecting plates or baffles extend transversely relative to contact tubes 2 in vertically spaced relation to each other, so as to leave flow cross sections therebetween.
  • the deflecting plates or baffles are arranged in two groups, one comprising the deflecting plates or baffles 7 secured at their outer ends to the inner surface of the side wall of reaction tank 1 and the other comprising the deflecting plates or baffles 8 secured at their centers to a vertical tube 9.
  • Deflecting plates 7 have their inner ends spaced from tube 9, and deflecting plates 8 have their outer ends spaced from the side wall or reaction tank 1.
  • the deflecting plates or baffles have annular slots through which the contact tubes extend, and whose width, and thus the flow cross section, is slightly differently dimensioned, if necessary, in order to attain, by the resulting leakage currents, a possibly uniform velocity of flow and thus a possibly uniform heat transfer within the individual radial flow zones between the alternating deflecting plates and baffles 7 and 8.
  • reaction tank 1 For the supply and discharge of a heat exchange medium, which is to absorb the heat released in the contact tubes during the reaction when carrying out an exothermic chemical process, reaction tank 1 is connected at its upper and lower ends to respective ring or annular conduits 12 and 13 through respective openings 10 and 11 distributed substantially uniformly around the circumference of reaction tank 1.
  • Annular conduits l2 and 13 are connected, by respective nipples 14 and 15, to the housing 16 of a cooler forming an external heat exchanger, and in which is arranged a spiral tube 17 having external inlets and outlets.
  • an axial flow pump or fan driven by an electric motor 18, is mounted from the top into the housing 16 of the heat exchanger.
  • annular conduits l2 and 13 there are arranged, directly above and below an annular deflecting plate or baffle 7, having its outer periphery sealed to the shell or side wall of reactiontank 1, two additional annular conduits 20 and 21 which are also connected to the interior of reaction tank 1, surrounding contact tubes 2, through openings 22 and 23, respectively, distributed around the circumference.
  • Annular conduits 20 and 21 are also connected, by nipples 24 and 25, respectively, to the cooler housing 16.
  • the flow cross section of the nipples 24 and 25 can be varied by respective adjustable throttle elements 26 and 27.
  • the apparatus operatesin a manner which will now be described.
  • the heat exchange medium circulated by axial flow pump or fan 19 through reaction tank 1 and cooler housing 16 in the direction of the arrows, enters reaction,tank 1 through upper nipple 14, upper annular conduit 12 and the respective circumferentially spaced openings 10. From there, the heat exchange medium initially flows inwardly through the top section of contact tubes 2 between upper header 3 and the uppermost annular deflection plate or baffle 7. After reversal of the direction of flow in the tube-free central part of the interior of reaction tank 1, the heat exchange medium flows between the top deflection plate or baffle 7 and the deflection plate or baffle 8 immediately therebelow and radially outwardly toward the shell or side wall of reaction tank 1.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate, in a cross section through the annular conduits 12, 13 and the respective circumferential openings and 11, the uniform radial supply and discharge of the heat exchange medium.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates another arrangement of the circulating system for the heat exchange medium in accordance with the invention.
  • annular conduit 29 arranged at the upper end of reaction tank 28, and dis charged through an annular conduit 30 arranged at the bottom end
  • Annular conduits 31, 32 and 33 serving for the additional discharge of heat exchange medium, are connected to the suction side of a circulating pump or fan 37 in a heat exchanger housing 39.
  • Annular conduits 34 and 35 serving for the additional supply of heat exchange medium, are connected to the pressure side of a second circulating pump 38 in a respective heat exchanger housing 40.
  • housing 39 there is arranged a spiral tube 41 traversed by a cooling medium and having external inlets and outlets, so that the partial amounts of the heat exchange medium discharged additionally through annular conduits 31, 32 and 33 are cooled to be returned conjointly through the top annular conduit 29 to reaction tank 28.
  • the amounts of cooling medium and the amount of heat discharged are regulated by means of a valve 41a in dependence on the temperature at a certain point a in reaction tank 28.
  • the desired temperature characteristic of the heat exchange medium is obtained by adjusting throttle elements 36 in the cycle of the discharged and supplied partial amounts of heat exchange medium. These throttle elements can be adjusted initially by hand and can then remain in a certain adjusted position.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of the invention wherein a reaction tank 42 is divided, by separating partitions or diaphragms 43 and 44, into three superposed sections 42', 42" and 42" which are not connected with each other.
  • each of these three sections can be considered as a reactor or as any other heat exchanger with its own circulating pump and its own regulation.
  • the heat exchange medium is circulated by means of pump or fan 45, being supplied and discharged through annular conduits 46 and 47.
  • Section 42 is exothermic, and has a lower temperature than the adjacent section 42".
  • Regulation of section 42 is effected in a manner such that a partial amount of the relatively colder heat exchange medium, which can be varied by means of regulating element 48, is supplied from section 42". Adjustment of regulating element 48 is effected automatically in dependence on the temperature at a certain point b in section 42 of reaction tank 42.
  • An equal partial amount of the heat exchange medium is withdrawn from the cycle of section 42' through line 49 and is fed to the cycle of the adjacent section 42" in the range of the respective pump 50 and the spiral tube 51 traversed by a cooling medium.
  • the temperature regulation of the heat exchange medium discharged in this region 42" through annular conduit 52 and supplied again through annular conduit 53 is effected by the amount of cooling medium flowing in spiral tube 51, and this latter amount can be regulated by means of regulating element 54.
  • Section 42" is endothermic and has a higher temperature level than the other two sections 42 and 42".
  • the heat exchange medium supplied through annular conduit 55 and discharged through annular conduit 56, and whose circulation is maintained by pump or fan 57, gives off heat to the contact tubes in the range adjacent section 42", and the heat thus given off is resupplied to the beating medium by the heating medium flowing through the spiral tube 58.
  • the amount of heating medium is varied by means of a regulating element 59.
  • the heat exchange medium is conducted radially to the nest of contact tubes only in the end regions adjacent annular conduits 55 and 56, as can be seen from the arrows, that is, transversely of the. individual contact tubes. In the interposed central region, the heat is conducted to the tubes parallel to the longitudinal extent of the latter.
  • Such a flow course is attained, in a known manner, by the arrangement of the two deflecting plates or baffles 60 and 61 which delimit the central region with respect to the two end regions. Unlike the deflecting plates or baffles 7 and 8 of FIG.
  • baffles 60 and 61 extend across the entire interior of reaction tank 42 and have openings whose cross sections increase in correspondence with the pressure gradient on the inflow side of the plates or baffles in the range of the individual contact tubes, to achieve a uniform flow of the heating medium with respect to all the contact tubes, if at all possible.
  • the annular conduits 46 and 47, 52 and 53, and 55 and 56 are arranged, in the embodiment of FIG. 5, inside the double-walled reaction tank.
  • the deflection plates and baffles and the separating partitions or diaphragms extend up to the outer wall of the tank shell to delimit the annular conduits.
  • FIG. 6 is a detail view illustrating how a sealed relation or packing of the sections 42', 42" and 42' can be attained by rolling contact tubes 2 into the separating partitions or diaphragms 43 and 44.
  • a reaction apparatus for carrying out exothermic and endothermic chemical reactions, of the type having an annular nest of contact tubes in a reaction tank and over which a heat exchange medium, circulated by forced flow producing means through an external heat exchanger and supplied and discharged through respective axially spaced annular supply and discharge conduits connected to the heat exchanger, is directed to flow
  • the improvement comprising, in combination, baffle means arranged in said tank to extend transversely of the length of said tubes to direct the heat exchange medium to flow alternately in opposed radial directions over said tubes between said supply and discharge conduits; and at least one additional annular conduit, at at least one point of said tank intermediate said supply and discharge conduits, connected to said heat exchanger and said tank and supplying and discharging a regulable partial amount of the heat exchange medium.
  • said tank has a cylindrical side wall and a support extending centrally axially thereof; said baffle means including first annular baffles secured at the radially outer ends to said circumferential wall and having radially inner ends spaced from said support, and second baffles secured to said support and having radially outer ends spaced from said cylindrical wall; there being two said additional annular conduits arranged on respective opposite sides of one of said first baffles and discharging a regulable partial amount of the heat exchange medium into said external heat exchanger.
  • the improvement claimed in claim 1 including a first series of said additional annular conduits communicating with an upper section of said reaction tank and withdrawing heat exchange medium from said reaction tank and discharging the withdrawn heat exchange medium into said heat exchanger for return to said annular supply conduit; and a second series of said additional annular conduits communicating with said reaction tank over a lower portion thereof and with said annular discharge conduit; said second series of additional annular conduits supplying heat exchange medium from said annular discharge conduit to said reaction tank.
  • reaction apparatus including at least one partition extending transversely of said reaction tank and dividing said reaction tank into at least two sections; each section having respective inlets and outlets for the heat exchange medium.
  • said forced flow producing means comprises respective circulating pumps for each said reaction tank section operable to circulate the heat exchange medium through the respective reaction tank section.
  • said baffle means comprises a series of baffles spaced apart axially of said reaction tank, each baffle being formed with openings through which said contact tubes extend; and each opening being larger than theadjacent contact tube to define an annular flow passage, and the passages in respective baffles having different sizes to attain a uniform heat transfer, between axially adjacent baffles, between the contact tubes and the heat exchange medium.
  • said baffle means comprises a series of baffles spaced apart axially of said tank; the axial spacing between adjacent baffles being adapted to the quantity of heat exchange medium flowing through each space defined by a pair of axially spaced baffles.
  • reaction tank has a double side wall including inner and outer cylindrical walls spaced radially from each other; said annular conduits being defined, in part, by said inner and outer tank walls.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US323224A 1972-01-13 1973-01-12 Reaction apparatus for carrying out exothermic and endothermic chemical processes with radial flow of a heat exchange medium Expired - Lifetime US3871445A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2201528A DE2201528C2 (de) 1972-01-13 1972-01-13 Reaktionsapparat zur Durchführung exo- und endothermer katalytischer Prozesse mit Radialströmung des Wärmetauschmittels

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US3871445A true US3871445A (en) 1975-03-18

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US (1) US3871445A (nl)
JP (1) JPS5215272B2 (nl)
BE (1) BE793928A (nl)
DE (1) DE2201528C2 (nl)
FR (1) FR2168092B1 (nl)
GB (1) GB1415791A (nl)
IT (1) IT972669B (nl)
NL (1) NL173885C (nl)

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US4635707A (en) * 1982-07-06 1987-01-13 Phillips Petroleum Company Method for varying shell fluid flow in shell and tube heat exchanger
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US5203405A (en) * 1992-02-03 1993-04-20 Phillips Petroleum Company Two pass shell and tube heat exchanger with return annular distributor
US5225574A (en) * 1990-04-24 1993-07-06 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Preparation of phthalic anhydride from o-xylene
US5248483A (en) * 1991-03-28 1993-09-28 Phillips Petroleum Company Apparatus and methods for producing ceramic products
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US5739391A (en) * 1994-09-08 1998-04-14 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Catalytic gas-phase oxidation of acrolein to acrylic acid
US5808157A (en) * 1994-08-08 1998-09-15 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for producing aromatic amines
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WO2000009253A1 (de) * 1998-08-13 2000-02-24 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Reaktor mit einem kontaktrohrbündel
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WO2001087476A1 (de) * 2000-05-17 2001-11-22 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Gegenstrom-reaktor mit einem kontaktrohrbündel
US6384274B1 (en) 1998-09-27 2002-05-07 Rohm And Haas Company Single reactor process for preparing acrylic acid from propylene having improved capacity
US6458970B1 (en) 1997-02-27 2002-10-01 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing acid phthalic anhydride and an appropriate shell catalyst containing titanium-vanadium-cesium
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WO2003022418A1 (de) * 2001-09-12 2003-03-20 Man Dwe Gmbh Reaktoranordnung für die durchführung katalytischer gasphasenreaktionen, insbesondere zur gewinnung von phthalsäureanhydrid
US20030065194A1 (en) * 2000-03-10 2003-04-03 Jens Weiguny Method for producing maleic acid anhydride
US20030068261A1 (en) * 2001-08-02 2003-04-10 Hassan Taheri Flow reactors for chemical conversions with heterogeneous catalysts
US20040115118A1 (en) * 2002-12-12 2004-06-17 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Preparation of chlorine by gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride
US20040115119A1 (en) * 2002-12-12 2004-06-17 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Preparation of chlorine by gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride
US20040156721A1 (en) * 2001-06-06 2004-08-12 Gerhard Olbert Pump for transporting heat-exchange medium for a multi-tube reactor
US6808689B1 (en) * 1999-08-31 2004-10-26 Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd Reactor for catalytic gas phase oxidation
US20040213711A1 (en) * 2002-07-10 2004-10-28 Kyoung-Su Ha Catalytic oxidation reactor with enhanced heat exchanging system
EP1484299A1 (en) * 2002-03-11 2004-12-08 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Process for catalytic vapor phase oxidation
US6849574B1 (en) 1998-11-10 2005-02-01 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Silver- and vanadium-containing multimetal oxide and its use
US20050038291A1 (en) * 2003-08-14 2005-02-17 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Preparation of (meth)acrolein and/or (meth)acrylic acid
US20050049435A1 (en) * 2003-09-01 2005-03-03 Kyoung Su Ha Method of producing unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated acid in fixed-bed catalytic partial oxidation reactor with enhanced heat control system
US20050143601A1 (en) * 2003-12-24 2005-06-30 Lg Chem, Ltd. Method of producing unsaturated acid in fixed-bed catalytic partial oxidation reactor with enhanced heat control system
US20050244312A1 (en) * 2002-04-22 2005-11-03 Suppes Galen J Method of producing lower alcohols from glycerol
US20060045825A1 (en) * 2004-05-07 2006-03-02 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Method of charging catalyst tubes of a bundle of catalyst tubes in a structured fashion
US20060211884A1 (en) * 2005-03-18 2006-09-21 Woo Boo G Method of producing unsaturated acid from olefin
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US7488850B2 (en) 2006-11-10 2009-02-10 Bayer Materialscience Llc Process for removing compounds containing phenolic hydroxy groups from aromatic amines
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US20080255374A1 (en) * 2007-04-10 2008-10-16 Basf Se Process for charging a longitudinal section of a catalyst tube
US8598065B2 (en) 2007-04-10 2013-12-03 Basf Se Process for charging a longitudinal section of a catalyst tube
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US20100324336A1 (en) * 2009-06-18 2010-12-23 Bayer Materialscience Ag Process for the production of aromatic amines
CN105890402A (zh) * 2016-06-07 2016-08-24 纳盛洁净技术（苏州）有限公司 一种多壳程管壳式换热器
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EP3360611B1 (en) * 2017-02-10 2021-04-28 Technobell D.O.O. Koper Improved double zone tubular reactor and method for carrying out maleic anhydride production by n-butane oxidation
US12098425B2 (en) 2018-10-10 2024-09-24 Readcoor, Llc Three-dimensional spatial molecular indexing
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5215272B2 (nl) 1977-04-27
JPS4880473A (nl) 1973-10-27
FR2168092A1 (nl) 1973-08-24
FR2168092B1 (nl) 1977-07-29
NL173885C (nl) 1984-03-16
BE793928A (fr) 1973-05-02
GB1415791A (en) 1975-11-26
DE2201528C2 (de) 1974-12-12
NL7300127A (nl) 1973-07-17
IT972669B (it) 1974-05-31
DE2201528B1 (de) 1972-11-02

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