US3865225A - Handrail for escalator - Google Patents

Handrail for escalator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3865225A
US3865225A US325280A US32528073A US3865225A US 3865225 A US3865225 A US 3865225A US 325280 A US325280 A US 325280A US 32528073 A US32528073 A US 32528073A US 3865225 A US3865225 A US 3865225A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
handrail
transmission means
segments
pull
pull transmission
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US325280A
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English (en)
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Phal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PHAL KARL HEINZ
Original Assignee
PHAL KARL HEINZ
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19722203178 external-priority patent/DE2203178C3/de
Application filed by PHAL KARL HEINZ filed Critical PHAL KARL HEINZ
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3865225A publication Critical patent/US3865225A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B23/00—Component parts of escalators or moving walkways
    • B66B23/22—Balustrades
    • B66B23/24—Handrails

Definitions

  • ABSTRAcT Field of Search l98lllgzll28s;
  • the invention relates to a Circuating handrail for es calators or the like provided with a handle and an end- 56] References and wise flexible pull transmission means.
  • the invention relates to a cirulating handrail for escalators or the like provided with a handle and an endwise flexible pull transmission means.
  • the pull transmission means consists of textile and/or wire netting insertions imbedded in rubber or elastic plastic material.
  • handrails of such a kind are manufactured as endless product by the manufacturing firm and are cut to size as individually required. Since the handrails must revolve with the escalator, it is necessary to connect the free ends of the handrail when being assembled so that an endlessly circulating handrail is formed. In order to attain at the junction, if possible, the same tensile strength as that of the handrail itself, the individual layers of one end of the handrail would have to be connected to the corresponding layers of the other end, which, however, is hardly possible.
  • the ends of the handrail are pointed or provided with stepped stages in order to enlarge the contact surfaces of the ends. Nevertheless, the junction still represents a weak point of the handrail which often disturbs the operation of the escalator.
  • the rate of wear of segment handrails having no drag chain is higher because the handrail must also be supported by guide rails at the non-utilized reverse side in the inner area of the escalator since the composite structure of the segments would fall due to the own weight of the handrail.
  • a further disadvantage of the known segment handrails is the wear which occurs as a result of the gliding friction between the segments and guide rails which finally necessitates the exchange of the whole segment handrail.
  • the selection of the material for an undivided segment of such a handrail necessarily represents a compromise between the coefficient of friction, modulus of elasticity, and profiling and thus does not admit an optimum solution of the problem from an economical point of view.
  • the handrail consists of separate tandem joined segments which are exchangeably connected to a continuous pull transmission means.
  • This separate transmission means is constructed to form a flexible metal or plastic element, however, of endwise poor elongation for receiving the occurring tensile stress. It may consist of one or several continuous parallel disposed strips or wires strapped together or cables.
  • the pull transmission means is cut to the required length at the assembly point.
  • the connection of the free ends of the pull transmission means may be simply and reliably effected by riveting, screwing, welding, gluing or the like.
  • the segments may be subsequently mounted on the pull transmission means.
  • only the separately designed pull transmission means is subjected to the tensile stress.
  • the pull transmission means consists preferably of a steel band, having recesses into which the segments can be releaseably inserted, e.g., buttoned, to provide a form-closed connection with the segments. It is advantageous if the segments are made of plastic material so that they can be manufactured in one operation by injection molding.
  • the segments of the handrail may as well be divided into, e.g., an upper and a lower portion which are joined together to a form-closed arrangement embracing the pull transmission means by engaging in recesses of the pull transmission means by means of corresponding projections.
  • a form-closed connection can also be achieved in that projections arranged on the pull transmission means engage in corresponding recesses of the segments. Divided segments have the advantage that the individual component parts may be adapted so as to meet the different stress.
  • the inner portion facing the stair case may be, intentionally constructed as wearing part having a satisfactory coefficient of friction relative to the stair case guides as well as a high notch toughness whereas the outer handle member (upper portion) can be adapted so as to meet the requirements of interior decoration with respect to form, color or material.
  • every tenth segment responds to UV-rays in order to allow the public to discern the running direction of the escalator even at a great distance.
  • the lower portion of the segments may be provided with any kind of gear-tooth system on the side facing the stair case by means of which the drive of the handrail is effected.
  • the driving force may also act directly on the pull transmission means in that it is provided with recesses or projecting parts into which a correspondingly shaped drive gear engages.
  • tandem joined handle segments disposed on the pull transmission means may at least partly overlap and be prestressedly mounted in the elastic range so that in operation no open wedge-shaped slots are formed.
  • the outer surface of the handle segments may be surrounded by a clamped elastic protective cover extending over the entire length of the handrail.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view of a practical example of the handrail according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view along the line IlII of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view along the line IIIIII of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view through another practical example of the handrail according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view along the line IV-IV of FIG. 4,
  • FIGS. 6a, 6b are, respectively, sectional and plan views of a third embodiment of the pull transmission means
  • FIGS. 7a, 7b, 7c are, respectively, sectional, plan, and side views of a fourth embodiment of the pull transmission means
  • FIGS. 8a, 8b, 8c are, respectively, sectional, plan, and side views of a fifth embodiment of the pull transmission means
  • FIGS. 9a, 9b are, respectively, sectional and plan views of a sixth embodiment of the pull transmission means
  • FIG. 10 is a longitudinal section through a segment handrail having a wire pull transmission means according to FIG. 9 for illustrating the tongue-shaped edges of the segments.
  • the handle of the handrail consists of individual segments 4 fixidly mounted in tandem on the pull transmission means 2 which is constructed as a steel belt.
  • the segments 4 are divided into an upper portion 6 and a lower portion 8 buttoned together to an arrangement which form-closedly embraces the pull transmission means.
  • projections 10 are provided on the inner surface of the upper portion 6 which can snap into corresponding recesses 12 of the lower portion 8.
  • the lower portion 8 For receiving the pull transmission means 2, the lower portion 8 exhibits on the area facing the upper portion 6 a channel 14 adapted to the cross section of the pull transmission means. In the assembled state, the lower portion 8 rests tightly against the inner surface of the strap of the upper portion 6, the pull transmission means 2 being clamped between these two parts. For the form-closed connection with the segments 4 the pull transmission means 2 exhibits punched out spaces 16 into which tongues 18 engage laterally projecting in the receiving channel 14. A connection of such a kind represents in all directions an efficient hold of the segments 4 on the steel belt 2.
  • the lower portions 8 have a tooth construction 20 on the side facing the staircase into which a gear wheel can engage for driving the handrail.
  • the tooth construction 20 may accordingly be shaped as annular gear segments.
  • the segments 4 interlock movably at their ends.
  • one end of the segments is provided with a concave surface 22 and the other end with a convex surface 24 respectively, whereby the convex surface 24 of one segment interlocks with the concave surface 22 of the next segment.
  • an outwardly substantially closed segment belt is created whose segments are rotatable relative to each other about a horizontal axis disposed across the axis of the steel belt 2.
  • the outer surface of the segments 4 is additionally surrounded by an elastic protective cover 26 for precloding clamping extending over the entire length of the handrail.
  • the protective cover 26 is C-shaped and embraces the outer portion 6 of the segment.
  • the protective cover was holding beads 28 at the free ends extending along the entire length which engage in corresponding longitudinal slots 30 provided on the outer surface of the C-shaped upper portion 6 and thereby result in a stable fit of the protective cover 26 on the segments 4.
  • the segments which are releasably connected to the continuous pull transmission means 2 consist of an upper portion 6 and a lower portion 8; the releasable connection of upper and lower portion is brought about by the engagement of the lower portion 8 behind the projections 9.
  • Tongues 18 protruding into the receiving channel 14 of the lower portion 8 which engage into punched out spaces 16 of the pull transmission means provide also in this case a form-closed connection of the two-part handrail segments with the pull transmission means.
  • the tandem joined segments do not have an additional protective cover 26, but the upper portions 6 themselves are elastic to the extent that they can be prestressedly (initially tensioned) mounted so that no open wedge-shaped slots occur in operation.
  • the pull transmission means 2 is constructed for a form-closed drive. For this purpose, it is provided with punched out apertures 3 and at the same time, the lower portion 8 has corresponding openings 7 and the upper portion a depression 5 for permitting the teeth of a driving gear or a driving belt to engage into the punched out apertures 3 of the pull transmission means.
  • FIG. 6 is a top plan view and a sectional view of the pull transmission means of the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • FIG. 7 shows a pull transmission means whose bent up lips 11 of the punched out apertures 3 serve at the same time for the drive as well as for the form-closed connection of the pull transmission means with, e.g., only one-part segments 4 which have projections at the underside engaging between the bent up lips of two adjacent apertures and at the same time are also provided with holding beads and are made of elastic material so that they can be clamped over the pull transmission means.
  • FIG. 8 A similar embodiment of the pull transmission means 2 which is likewise suitable for one-part handrail segments is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the drive can act on the pull transmission means only in one direction by engaging into the corrugations 13 which are formed by punching a slot and bulging with a follow-on tool.
  • FIG. 10 shows that the adjacent edges of the upper portion 6 of the handrail segments of this embodiment of the invention exhibit grooves and projections shaped as tongue 15 which is under initial tension in straight line operation of the handrail. Due to the movable interlocking of the ends of the segments 4 by means of these tongue elements it is also guaranteed that no slots occur between the individual segments at the curved portions of the handrail.
  • the pull transmission means is a wire pull transmission means whose wires 17 are secured by clamps 19 at the respective interval of the segments, said clamps fitting into corresponding recesses provided in the lower and upper portion of the handrail segments. Openings 21 preferably provided in the direction of drive behind these clamps in the lower portion 8 of the segments 4 allow the engagement of gear wheels behind the clamps l9 and, thus, a form-closed drive of the wire pull transmission means.
  • An endless-loop handrail for an escalator or the like comprising:
  • each segment in one set being of material sufficiently resilient to be clamped laterally of said transmission means to a segment in the other set, and the segments in one said set having protrusions mating with said recesses in said transmission means for the transmission of driving force between said segments and said transmission means of the handrail.
  • the handrail of claim 1 wherein the pull through transmission means is formed of a flexible metal or plastic element.
  • the handrail of claim 1 wherein the transmission means is made of material having endwise poor elongation under tension.

Landscapes

  • Escalators And Moving Walkways (AREA)
  • Milling, Broaching, Filing, Reaming, And Others (AREA)
US325280A 1972-01-24 1973-01-22 Handrail for escalator Expired - Lifetime US3865225A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19722203178 DE2203178C3 (de) 1972-01-24 Handlauf für Rolltreppen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3865225A true US3865225A (en) 1975-02-11

Family

ID=5833830

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US325280A Expired - Lifetime US3865225A (en) 1972-01-24 1973-01-22 Handrail for escalator

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3865225A (de)
JP (1) JPS4985775A (de)
AT (1) AT325504B (de)
BE (1) BE794338A (de)
CH (1) CH548342A (de)
FR (1) FR2169158B1 (de)
GB (2) GB1414815A (de)
NL (1) NL7300858A (de)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4776446A (en) * 1987-12-18 1988-10-11 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Handrail for transportation appartus
WO1991004219A1 (de) * 1989-09-12 1991-04-04 Paguag Gmbh & Co. Handlauf für rolltreppen, fahrsteige und dergleichen sowie verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US5160009A (en) * 1989-05-08 1992-11-03 Hitachi, Ltd. Passenger conveyor and moving handrail for passenger conveyor and manufacturing method therefor
US6086806A (en) * 1996-04-05 2000-07-11 Ronald H. Ball Method of splicing thermoplastic articles
US6237740B1 (en) 1998-06-30 2001-05-29 Ronald H. Ball Composite handrail construction
US6602331B2 (en) * 2001-10-05 2003-08-05 Thyssen Norte, S.A. Handrail for variable speed moving walkway
WO2003066500A1 (de) * 2002-02-06 2003-08-14 Semperit Aktiengesellschaft Holding Bandförmiges zugelement und führungseinrichtung für einen handlauf einer rolltreppe oder eines rollsteiges
US20050173224A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2005-08-11 Ronald H. Ball Positive drive handrail assembly
EP1721861A1 (de) * 2005-05-09 2006-11-15 Inventio Ag Handlauf für eine Fahrtreppe oder einen Fahrsteig
US20080308385A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2008-12-18 Jin Koo Lee Newel Guide for Supporting a Handrail Traveling Over a Newel
WO2009141226A1 (de) * 2008-05-21 2009-11-26 Inventio Ag Handlauf für eine fahrtreppe oder einen fahrsteig
US20100117263A1 (en) * 2007-05-09 2010-05-13 Wesson John P Modular handrail construction for a passenger conveyor handrail
CN101228087B (zh) * 2005-08-02 2010-06-16 奥蒂斯电梯公司 用于对乘客传送带扶手的端部进行结合的装置和方法
US20100237535A1 (en) * 2007-09-10 2010-09-23 Ehc Canada, Inc. Method and apparatus for pretreatment of a slider layer for extruded composite handrails
US20100258403A1 (en) * 2007-09-10 2010-10-14 Viqar Haider Modified handrail
US20100283173A1 (en) * 2007-09-10 2010-11-11 Andrew Oliver Kenny Method and apparatus for extrusion of thermoplastic handrail
KR20110009681A (ko) * 2008-05-21 2011-01-28 인벤티오 아게 에스컬레이터 또는 이동식 보도용 핸드레일
KR20110009682A (ko) * 2008-05-21 2011-01-28 인벤티오 아게 핸드레일을 구비한 사람 이송 장치, 특히 에스컬레이터 또는 이동식 보도 및 에스컬레이터 또는 이동식 보도용 핸드레일
US20110083938A1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2011-04-14 Thomas Illedits Handrail for an escalator or a moving walkway
US9981415B2 (en) 2007-09-10 2018-05-29 Ehc Canada, Inc. Method and apparatus for extrusion of thermoplastic handrail
US10160623B2 (en) 2015-05-07 2018-12-25 Ehc Canada, Inc. Compact composite handrails with enhanced mechanical properties
US10350807B2 (en) 2007-09-10 2019-07-16 Ehc Canada, Inc. Method and apparatus for extrusion of thermoplastic handrail
US20200207587A1 (en) * 2017-08-10 2020-07-02 Inventio Ag Handrail-drive system with drive elements integrated in the handrail

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2691028B2 (ja) * 1989-09-20 1997-12-17 株式会社日立製作所 乗客コンベア及び移動手摺の表面化粧体交換方法
MX2010012269A (es) * 2008-05-21 2010-12-07 Inventio Ag Pasamano para escalera mecanica o para anden rodante.
CN109969916A (zh) * 2019-05-10 2019-07-05 苏州汉森电梯有限公司 一种强制驱动式扶手带装置
CN115229872A (zh) * 2022-07-27 2022-10-25 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 一种用于yb45型硬盒包装机的内衬纸开视窗切割装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2275048A (en) * 1940-10-02 1942-03-03 Haughton Elevator Company Handrail for moving stairways
US3688889A (en) * 1970-08-14 1972-09-05 Ernst Koch Driven handrail system

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR556502A (fr) * 1922-09-23 1923-07-21 Perfectionnements aux escaliers élévateurs mécaniques
US2766868A (en) * 1953-01-16 1956-10-16 Multiscope Inc Moving stairway hand rails
FR1340585A (fr) * 1962-12-05 1963-10-18 Falconi & C S P A G Main-courante pour escaliers mécaniques
GB1345321A (en) * 1970-06-12 1974-01-30 Btr Industries Ltd Haindrails

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2275048A (en) * 1940-10-02 1942-03-03 Haughton Elevator Company Handrail for moving stairways
US3688889A (en) * 1970-08-14 1972-09-05 Ernst Koch Driven handrail system

Cited By (47)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4776446A (en) * 1987-12-18 1988-10-11 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Handrail for transportation appartus
US5160009A (en) * 1989-05-08 1992-11-03 Hitachi, Ltd. Passenger conveyor and moving handrail for passenger conveyor and manufacturing method therefor
WO1991004219A1 (de) * 1989-09-12 1991-04-04 Paguag Gmbh & Co. Handlauf für rolltreppen, fahrsteige und dergleichen sowie verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US5275270A (en) * 1989-09-12 1994-01-04 Miklos Dobo Handrail for escalators, moving walkways and the like and a process for its production
US6086806A (en) * 1996-04-05 2000-07-11 Ronald H. Ball Method of splicing thermoplastic articles
US6237740B1 (en) 1998-06-30 2001-05-29 Ronald H. Ball Composite handrail construction
US6602331B2 (en) * 2001-10-05 2003-08-05 Thyssen Norte, S.A. Handrail for variable speed moving walkway
US20050067253A1 (en) * 2002-02-06 2005-03-31 Semperit Aktiengesellschaft Holding Belt-shaped tension element and guiding system for the handrail of an escalator or a people-mover
CN100369799C (zh) * 2002-02-06 2008-02-20 塞姆普雷特控股股份公司 自动扶梯或自动升梯和扶手以及扶手导向装置和驱动装置
US7594570B2 (en) 2002-02-06 2009-09-29 Semperit Aktiengesellschaft Holding Belt-shaped tension element and guiding system for the handrail of an escalator or a people-mover
WO2003066500A1 (de) * 2002-02-06 2003-08-14 Semperit Aktiengesellschaft Holding Bandförmiges zugelement und führungseinrichtung für einen handlauf einer rolltreppe oder eines rollsteiges
US20050173224A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2005-08-11 Ronald H. Ball Positive drive handrail assembly
US20080308385A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2008-12-18 Jin Koo Lee Newel Guide for Supporting a Handrail Traveling Over a Newel
US7571797B2 (en) * 2004-01-16 2009-08-11 Otis Elevator Company Newel guide for supporting a handrail traveling over a newel
EP1721861A1 (de) * 2005-05-09 2006-11-15 Inventio Ag Handlauf für eine Fahrtreppe oder einen Fahrsteig
US20060260906A1 (en) * 2005-05-09 2006-11-23 Thomas Novacek Handrail for an escalator or moving walk and escalator or moving walk with such a handrail
US7243775B2 (en) 2005-05-09 2007-07-17 Thomas Novacek Handrail for an escalator or moving walk and escalator or moving walk with such a handrail
CN101228087B (zh) * 2005-08-02 2010-06-16 奥蒂斯电梯公司 用于对乘客传送带扶手的端部进行结合的装置和方法
US8721949B2 (en) * 2007-05-09 2014-05-13 Otis Elevator Company Modular handrail construction for a passenger conveyor handrail
US20100117263A1 (en) * 2007-05-09 2010-05-13 Wesson John P Modular handrail construction for a passenger conveyor handrail
US8323544B2 (en) 2007-09-10 2012-12-04 Ehc Canada, Inc. Method and apparatus for pretreatment of a slider layer for extruded composite handrails
US20100237535A1 (en) * 2007-09-10 2010-09-23 Ehc Canada, Inc. Method and apparatus for pretreatment of a slider layer for extruded composite handrails
US20100258403A1 (en) * 2007-09-10 2010-10-14 Viqar Haider Modified handrail
US20100283173A1 (en) * 2007-09-10 2010-11-11 Andrew Oliver Kenny Method and apparatus for extrusion of thermoplastic handrail
US10940625B2 (en) 2007-09-10 2021-03-09 Ehc Canada, Inc. Method and apparatus for extrusion of thermoplastic handrail
US10350807B2 (en) 2007-09-10 2019-07-16 Ehc Canada, Inc. Method and apparatus for extrusion of thermoplastic handrail
US9981415B2 (en) 2007-09-10 2018-05-29 Ehc Canada, Inc. Method and apparatus for extrusion of thermoplastic handrail
US9579839B2 (en) 2007-09-10 2017-02-28 Ehc Canada, Inc. Apparatus for extrusion of thermoplastic handrail
US8820511B2 (en) 2007-09-10 2014-09-02 Ehc Canada, Inc. Modified handrail
US20110067973A1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2011-03-24 Michael Matheisl Handrail for an escalator or a moving sidewalk
KR101632083B1 (ko) 2008-05-21 2016-06-20 인벤티오 아게 핸드레일을 구비한 사람 이송 장치, 특히 에스컬레이터 또는 이동식 보도 및 에스컬레이터 또는 이동식 보도용 핸드레일
RU2491225C2 (ru) * 2008-05-21 2013-08-27 Инвенцио Аг Движущийся поручень для эскалатора или движущегося тротуара
US8714338B2 (en) * 2008-05-21 2014-05-06 Inventio Ag Handrail for an escalator or a moving sidewalk
WO2009141226A1 (de) * 2008-05-21 2009-11-26 Inventio Ag Handlauf für eine fahrtreppe oder einen fahrsteig
US8800744B2 (en) * 2008-05-21 2014-08-12 Inventio Ag Handrail for an escalator or a moving walkway
CN102036902A (zh) * 2008-05-21 2011-04-27 因温特奥股份公司 用于自动扶梯或移动步道的扶手
AU2009249852B2 (en) * 2008-05-21 2015-04-09 Inventio Ag Handrail for an escalator or a moving sidewalk
AU2009249779B2 (en) * 2008-05-21 2015-04-23 Inventio Ag Handrail for an escalator or moving walkway
CN102036902B (zh) * 2008-05-21 2013-03-20 因温特奥股份公司 用于自动扶梯或移动步道的扶手
US20110083938A1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2011-04-14 Thomas Illedits Handrail for an escalator or a moving walkway
KR20110014597A (ko) * 2008-05-21 2011-02-11 인벤티오 아게 에스컬레이터 또는 이동식 보도용 핸드레일
KR20110009681A (ko) * 2008-05-21 2011-01-28 인벤티오 아게 에스컬레이터 또는 이동식 보도용 핸드레일
KR20110009682A (ko) * 2008-05-21 2011-01-28 인벤티오 아게 핸드레일을 구비한 사람 이송 장치, 특히 에스컬레이터 또는 이동식 보도 및 에스컬레이터 또는 이동식 보도용 핸드레일
US10287133B2 (en) 2015-05-07 2019-05-14 Ehc Canada, Inc. Compact composite handrails with enhanced mechanical properties
US10160623B2 (en) 2015-05-07 2018-12-25 Ehc Canada, Inc. Compact composite handrails with enhanced mechanical properties
US20200207587A1 (en) * 2017-08-10 2020-07-02 Inventio Ag Handrail-drive system with drive elements integrated in the handrail
US10875745B2 (en) * 2017-08-10 2020-12-29 Inventio Ag Handrail-drive system with drive elements integrated in the handrail

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7300858A (de) 1973-07-26
GB1414815A (en) 1975-11-19
FR2169158A1 (de) 1973-09-07
AT325504B (de) 1975-10-27
CH548342A (de) 1974-04-30
FR2169158B1 (de) 1977-04-29
JPS4985775A (de) 1974-08-16
DE2203178A1 (de) 1973-08-09
BE794338A (fr) 1973-05-16
DE2203178B2 (de) 1975-06-26
GB1397386A (en) 1975-06-11

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