US3857519A - Hammer breaker for breaking-up bulky refuse material - Google Patents

Hammer breaker for breaking-up bulky refuse material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3857519A
US3857519A US00362914A US36291473A US3857519A US 3857519 A US3857519 A US 3857519A US 00362914 A US00362914 A US 00362914A US 36291473 A US36291473 A US 36291473A US 3857519 A US3857519 A US 3857519A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
rotor
side wall
hammers
axis
breaking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00362914A
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English (en)
Inventor
A Schafer
K Probst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lyndex Recycling Systems Ltd
Original Assignee
Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH filed Critical Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3857519A publication Critical patent/US3857519A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C2018/188—Stationary counter-knives; Mountings thereof

Definitions

  • a hammer breaker for breaking up bulky refuse material comprises a rotor having a number of breaking hammers attached to it about its periphery, the rotor being rotatably mounted in a housing having a lower open end and a part above the rotor which forms a supply hopper.
  • the part above the rotor includes two opposite side walls which extend in the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotor and which diverge away from each other.
  • One of these two side walls which is adjacent the part of the rotor where the hammers are moving downwardly as the rotor rotates has one or more counter-tools fixed to it and this side wall is hinged to the remainder of the housing to enable it to be moved to move the counter-tool or tools towards and away from the rotor axis and a mechanism which preferably includes a toggle linkage and a hydraulic ram is provided for moving the hinged side wall inwards and outwards.
  • the hinge axis of the hinged side wall which is parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor is at substantially the same level as the axis of rotation of the rotor and the side wall extends upwards from the hinged axis to above the uppermost point on the path of rotation of the hammers as the rotor rotates. Movement of the side wall by its moving mechanism towards or away from the rotor ensures that if the bulky refuse material supplied to the housing bridges over the rotor, the bridge collapses and the material is fed again to the rotor.
  • the invention relates to a hammer breaker which is particularly suitable for breaking down bulky refuse.
  • Bulky refuse often includes items having large dimensions, for example, entire pieces of furniture such as wardrobes or living room cupboards, and it is required that they should be dealt with directly by a hammer breaker, without being previously broken down into separate parts. It appears at first that this necessitates a hammer breaker of correspondingly large dimensions, especially in the size of the rotor to which the hammers are fitted. It is however uneconomical to provide such large rotors because they consume an appreciable amount of energy at start-up and only a relatively small amount of energy is usually required for breaking down bulky refuse which is mainly not made of metal.
  • hammer breakers have been developed, which include a tapering hopper to orientate the rubbish'so that its smallest dimensions is presented towards the hammers.
  • the hopper is mounted above a rotor having a number of breaking hammers around its periphery.
  • the hammers cooperate with a counter-tool which is placed adjacent the track of the rotating hammers.
  • the breaker also includes a discharge opening beneath the rotor fordischarging the broken material.
  • Such a hammer breaker is described in West German Auslegeschrift No. 2,034,074.
  • a disadvantage with breakers of this type is that the articles introduced into the widened hopper do not always arrive at the rotating hammers. As the hopper tapers inwards from the top there is a risk that the material will remain suspended between the housing walls,
  • a hammer breaker for breaking up bulky refuse material comprises a rotor having a number of breaking hammers attached about its periphery, the rotor being rotatably mounted in a housing having a lower, open end and a part above the rotor which forms a supply hopper and has walls which extend in the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotor and diverge upwards from each other, the side wall adjacent the downwardly moving hammers having one or more counter-tools fixed to it and being hinged to the remainder of the housing to enable it to be moved to move the tool or tools towards and away from the rotor axis, the hinge axis being at substantially the same level as the axis of rotation of the rotor and the hinged side wall extending upwards from the hinge axis to above the uppermost point on the path of rotation of the hammers, and a mechanism for moving the hinged wall towards and away from the rotor.
  • the hinged side wall extends above the tapered hopper of the housing.
  • the hinged side wall and the side wall opposite it maybe provided with substantially horizontal strips having a saw-tooth shaped cross section, the strips being arranged to permit material to move downwards towards the rotor but to prevent it from moving upwards away from the rotor.
  • the mechanism includes a toggle linkage driven by a hydraulic ram-
  • the hammer breaker designated generally as 1, consists of a housing 2, closed at the top and open at the bottom and comprising an inlet opening 3 for bulky material 4, the material being introduced by means of an endless belt conveyor B.
  • the material thus arrives in the upper part of the housing 2, which is formed as a large chamber 5.
  • the chamber 5 will completely accept the large bulky objects originally mentioned.
  • the width of the housing is thus reduced until it corresponds to the diameter of the outer rotational circle of hammers 6.
  • the hammers 6 are attached to the periphery of a rotor 7 and the rotor 7 is rotated in the direction of the arrow P by means of a shaft 8.
  • the two side walls 9 and 10, constituting the hopper-like part of the housing 2 are arranged at different inclinations, and are fitted with strips 11.
  • the strips 11 have a saw-tooth cross-section and they help prevent the material to be broken up in the hammer breaker from moving upwards in the housing 2 towards the inlet opening 3.
  • the side wall 10 is pivoted about an axis 12 which lies approximately at the same height as the shaft 8, and extends upwards well above the top dead-centre 13 of the outer rotational circle of the hammers 6.
  • the side wall 10 therefore constitutes a flap or baffle wall. It carries a transverse strip 14 which acts as an anvil or countertool and cooperates with the hammers 6. When the side wall 10 is in its innermost position the anvil 14 extends up to the outer rotational circle 15 of the hammers 6, but it always remains just outside this circle 15 so that the anvil 14 is never struck directly by the hammers 6.
  • the pivoted side wall is moved by a toggle linkage operated by a hydraulic ram 16.
  • the wall 10 is shown in the drawing inits innermost position and it pivots outwards.
  • the side wall 10 is moved to release a buildup of material which has formed a bridge of material above the hammers 6.
  • the normal method of operation is as follows: The flap 10 is initially moved from its innermost position somewhat outwards, towards the left in the drawing, so that it is in a position either to move further to the left or to the right. By moving the side wall outwards the support at the ends of the bridge of material are removed and thus the material falls down to be broken up by the hammers 6.
  • a particularly tenacious bridge of material may simply slide bodily further down the hopper part of the housing and still not reach the hammers.
  • a shield 19 is provided as an extension to the fixed part 18 of the side wall 10 of the housing 2, this shield is shaped to the path of the upper edge 20 of the movable part of the side wall 10 and so prevents any material escaping from the upper part of the housing when the wall 10 is moved outwards.
  • the double acting hydraulic ram 16 is connected to the pivoted wall by a three component toggle linkage 21, 22 and 23.
  • the components 21 and 22 constitute the true toggle linkage, the right-hand end of which is pivotally connected by a pivot 24 to the wall 10, and the left-hand end is pivotally connected by a pivot 25 to a plate 26 which is firmly fixed to the housing 2.
  • the components 23 and 22 are rigidly fixed together to form a bell-crank, the free end of which is pivotally connected by a pivot 29 to a piston 27 of the hydraulic cylinder 16.
  • the components 21 and 22 are pivotally connected together at a central pivot 28 and this also provides the pivot for the bell-crank formed by the components 22 and 23.
  • a hammer breaker for breaking up bulky refuse material said breaker including a rotor, a plurality of breaking hammers attached to said rotor spaced apart about the radially outer periphery thereof, a rotor housing, means rotatably supporting said rotor in said housing with the axis of rotation thereof extending substantially horizontally, means for rotating said rotor in said housing so that said rotor rotates about its axis of rotation in a vertical plane and the radilly outer surfaces of said breaking hammers attached to said rotor pass along a vertically arranged outer rotational circle, said housing having means defining an open end thereof below said rotor and walls extending upwardly from said rotor housing to form a supply hopper for conducting the bulky refuse materials downwardly into contact with said breaking hammers on said rotor, said upwardly extending walls including a side wall extending transversely of the plane of the outer rotational circle of said breaking hammers and said side wall being positioned adjacent the periphery of said outer
  • a hammer breaker as set forth in claim 1, wherein in the rigid position of said side wall, said side wall in combination with one of said walls disposed oppositely from said side wall converge downwardly toward one another from a point above said outer rotational circle of said hammers for forming said hopper in combination with the other said walls, and the upper end of said side wall extending upwardly above the point at which said side wall converges with the oppositely positioned one of said walls.
  • a hammer breaker as set forth in claim 1, wherein said walls include a wall positioned opposite said side wall which converges inwardly toward said side wall in the downward direction, and vertically spaced horizontally extending strips fixed to said side wall and said oppositely disposed wall and said said strips located above the horizontal plane containing the axis of rotation of said rotor, each of said strips in a plane parallel to the plane of the outer rotational circle of said hammers having a saw-tooth cross section with said saw-tooth cross section comprising a first surface extending from the wall to which it is fixed downwardly toward said rotor and a second surface extending from the wall to which it is fixed outwardly from the wall transversely of said first surface, said strips being arranged to permit the bulky refuse material fed to said housing to move downwardly toward said rotor, but to prevent the material from moving upwardly away from said rotor under the action of said hammers on the material.
  • a hammer breaker as set forth in claim 1, wherein a plate is firmly fixed to said hopper and extends outwardly from said side wall, said means for moving said side wall including said means for supporting said side wall includes a toggle linkage pivotally connected to said side wall and to said plate, said toggle linkage inaway from the outer rotational circle of said hammers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
US00362914A 1972-06-10 1973-05-23 Hammer breaker for breaking-up bulky refuse material Expired - Lifetime US3857519A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2228408 1972-06-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3857519A true US3857519A (en) 1974-12-31

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ID=5847435

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00362914A Expired - Lifetime US3857519A (en) 1972-06-10 1973-05-23 Hammer breaker for breaking-up bulky refuse material

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3857519A (it)
JP (1) JPS5328650B2 (it)
BE (1) BE800675A (it)
ES (1) ES414582A1 (it)
FR (1) FR2187418B1 (it)
GB (1) GB1367450A (it)
IT (1) IT984940B (it)
NL (1) NL7306409A (it)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4077574A (en) * 1976-04-13 1978-03-07 Industrial Mining Machinery Company Impact pulverizing mill with an attrition chamber and a vertical airflow classification chamber
US4088273A (en) * 1976-04-03 1978-05-09 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Comminution machine with a comminution rotor
US4120459A (en) * 1974-01-16 1978-10-17 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Impact crusher with retractable and tiltable feed chute
US4162767A (en) * 1977-11-07 1979-07-31 Pennsylvania Crusher Corporation Impacting crusher with variable flow feed distributor
US4172561A (en) * 1977-05-26 1979-10-30 Dresser Europe S.A. Mineral lump breaker
US4326455A (en) * 1979-03-22 1982-04-27 Rubio Manuel J Continuous production of grain products
US5452860A (en) * 1993-01-19 1995-09-26 Williams; Robert M. Material reducing and shredding apparatus
US5513811A (en) * 1993-12-18 1996-05-07 Noell Service Und Maschinentechnik Gmbh Impactor with a pivotable grinding face
US7229041B2 (en) * 2004-06-30 2007-06-12 Ohio Central Steel Company Lifting lid crusher
ITUD20100016A1 (it) * 2010-01-29 2011-07-30 C & G Costruzioni Meccaniche S R L Dispositivo di premacinazione e relativo procedimento
EP2674222A1 (de) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-18 ATM Recyclingsystems GmbH Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von stückigen Abfällen
US20160243553A1 (en) * 2015-02-18 2016-08-25 Joe Rust Apparatus and method for an apron assembly

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2690088B1 (fr) * 1992-04-17 1995-12-22 Mtb Machine rotative a couteaux pour objets creux et volumineux.
CN104028340A (zh) * 2014-05-13 2014-09-10 东平华锴机电设备有限公司 一种开壳式破碎机
CN104741199B (zh) * 2015-04-20 2017-04-26 常熟市首誉机械有限公司 危险固体废物破碎装置
CN112473781A (zh) * 2020-10-10 2021-03-12 湖北天琛科技有限公司 医疗废弃物收集及安全处理装备
CN112871272A (zh) * 2021-02-01 2021-06-01 林秀琼 一种室内设计用装饰废弃物处理装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3117735A (en) * 1960-08-26 1964-01-14 Prep Ind Combustibles Apparatus for crushing solid products
FR1358565A (fr) * 1963-02-26 1964-04-17 Neyrpic Ets Perfectionnements aux concasseurs à cylindres
US3170643A (en) * 1962-06-15 1965-02-23 Pettibone Mulliken Corp Apparatus for crushing rock or the like including a swinging breaker bar
US3462088A (en) * 1965-11-23 1969-08-19 Mini Ind Constructillor Machine for crumbling metallic chips
US3608841A (en) * 1968-03-14 1971-09-28 Franz Wageneder Rotary impact crusher
US3662963A (en) * 1970-06-24 1972-05-16 Orly Bob Mcclure Rock crusher
US3684196A (en) * 1970-04-15 1972-08-15 Glen W Hankins Method and means for selectively crushing aggregate

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1802105A (en) * 1928-08-25 1931-04-21 Pennsylvania Crusher Co Hammer crusher
DE1089250B (de) * 1959-05-26 1960-09-15 Babcock & Wilcox Dampfkessel Prallhammerbrecher

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3117735A (en) * 1960-08-26 1964-01-14 Prep Ind Combustibles Apparatus for crushing solid products
US3170643A (en) * 1962-06-15 1965-02-23 Pettibone Mulliken Corp Apparatus for crushing rock or the like including a swinging breaker bar
FR1358565A (fr) * 1963-02-26 1964-04-17 Neyrpic Ets Perfectionnements aux concasseurs à cylindres
US3462088A (en) * 1965-11-23 1969-08-19 Mini Ind Constructillor Machine for crumbling metallic chips
US3608841A (en) * 1968-03-14 1971-09-28 Franz Wageneder Rotary impact crusher
US3684196A (en) * 1970-04-15 1972-08-15 Glen W Hankins Method and means for selectively crushing aggregate
US3662963A (en) * 1970-06-24 1972-05-16 Orly Bob Mcclure Rock crusher

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4120459A (en) * 1974-01-16 1978-10-17 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Impact crusher with retractable and tiltable feed chute
US4088273A (en) * 1976-04-03 1978-05-09 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Comminution machine with a comminution rotor
US4077574A (en) * 1976-04-13 1978-03-07 Industrial Mining Machinery Company Impact pulverizing mill with an attrition chamber and a vertical airflow classification chamber
US4172561A (en) * 1977-05-26 1979-10-30 Dresser Europe S.A. Mineral lump breaker
US4162767A (en) * 1977-11-07 1979-07-31 Pennsylvania Crusher Corporation Impacting crusher with variable flow feed distributor
US4326455A (en) * 1979-03-22 1982-04-27 Rubio Manuel J Continuous production of grain products
US5452860A (en) * 1993-01-19 1995-09-26 Williams; Robert M. Material reducing and shredding apparatus
US5513811A (en) * 1993-12-18 1996-05-07 Noell Service Und Maschinentechnik Gmbh Impactor with a pivotable grinding face
US7229041B2 (en) * 2004-06-30 2007-06-12 Ohio Central Steel Company Lifting lid crusher
ITUD20100016A1 (it) * 2010-01-29 2011-07-30 C & G Costruzioni Meccaniche S R L Dispositivo di premacinazione e relativo procedimento
WO2011092588A1 (en) * 2010-01-29 2011-08-04 Colombo Giovanni SRL Preliminary crushing device and relative method
EP2674222A1 (de) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-18 ATM Recyclingsystems GmbH Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von stückigen Abfällen
US20160243553A1 (en) * 2015-02-18 2016-08-25 Joe Rust Apparatus and method for an apron assembly
US10596576B2 (en) * 2015-02-18 2020-03-24 Kolberg-Pioneer, Inc. Apparatus and method for an apron assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4963053A (it) 1974-06-19
FR2187418B1 (it) 1977-08-19
GB1367450A (en) 1974-09-18
JPS5328650B2 (it) 1978-08-16
NL7306409A (it) 1973-12-12
IT984940B (it) 1974-11-20
ES414582A1 (es) 1976-03-01
FR2187418A1 (it) 1974-01-18
BE800675A (fr) 1973-10-01

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