US2471068A - Reversible hammer mill with power driven impactor surfaces - Google Patents

Description

May 24, 1949. E. H. KEIPER 2,47 6 v I REVERSIBLE HAMMER MILL WITH POWER 7 DRIVEN IMPACTOR SURFACES Filed July 11, 1944 2 She ets-Sheet l BY lwk HYTORNEY y 4, 1949. E. H. KEIPER 2,471,068

REVERSIBLE HAIIER MILL WITH POWER DRIVEN INPACTOR SURFACES 2 Shoots-Sheet 2 Filed July 1 1, 1944 lllllll. i

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Patented m, 24, 1949 REVERSIBLE HAMMER MILL WITH POWER- DRIVEN IMPACTOR SURFACES Edwin H.

Keiper, Philadelphia, Pa., asslgnor to Pennsylvania Crusher Company,

a. corporation of New York Philadelphia,

Application July 11, 1944, Serial No. 544,370 4 Claims. (01. 241-39) This invention relates to hammermills and particularly to hammermills for crushing a variety of materials.

The object of the invention is to provide a hammermill adapted for operation on both wet and dry materials and particularly effective to crush wet material without obstructive accumulation of said material in the passage through the machine. Further objects of the invention particularly in the provision of a roll train intexposing impactor surfaces in the path of fragmented material from the hammers will appear from the following specification taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a typical embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is an end view diagrammatically illustrating the drives for the roll trains;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view ofa modified form;

, Fig. 4 is a similar view of one side of a machine illustrating a further modification; and

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on reduced scale of another side portion of a modified form of crusher.

In the specific embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2 illustrating a reversible mill, the frame comprises end plates and sides formed by top plate ll, corner plates l2 and side pieces l3 .having A top central entrance opening is prded at H by the flanged plate structure I8 above the top plate ll and the casting [9 below.

A shaft and disks 2i pivotally carry the hammers 22, a number of which are provided in each row. Material entering vertically through entrance I! is engaged by the hammers 22 and fractured and driven against the roll train B for further reduction back and forth between the hammers and rolls. This is indicated by the vertical arrows at the entrance and the broken lines representing the courses of the fractured particles as driven back and forth between the hammer circle and the roll peripheries after which the reducing action passes down between the hammers and the cage 25 pivoted at 26 at its upper end and having the adjusting mechanism 2'! at its lower end.

Material leaving the crushing cage 25 passes out through the lower opening 28 and receives its final fracture against the anvil plate 29 interposed at desired angle across the discharge, the opposite anvil plate 29 being drawn back by its rod 38.

l 'or counter-clockwise rotation of the hammers 22 the left anvil 29 will be drawn to the left and 30, 3! and 32 all rotating clockwise on the left side (Fig. 1) and counterclockwise on the right.

The rolls are mounted on shafts 33, 34, 35 carried in bearings in the end plates and are driven by gears 36 from worms 3'! or by chain drives around sprockets on the shafts 33, 3:3, 35 if desired. In the gear drive shown, drive shaft 20 through worm gearing ti and clutches 42 drives left worm 31 for counter-clockwise rotation of the hammers and right worm 31 for clockwise operation of the hammers.

The rolls 36, 3!, 32 are preferably hollow cylinders and may be in separate longitudinal sections on shafts 33, 34, 35 so that worn and unworn sections may be interchanged to distribute the wear and lengthen the life of the rolls.

The rolls are driven at a relatively low speed and carry any adhering material down toward the cage and aid in feeding the mass into contact with the hammers. Wet, sticky material tending to accumulate and build up in the upper portion of the machine thus passes down through the crushing zone and cannot bridge or arch over in a manner interfering with the operation.

The three rolls 30, 3|, 32 constituting the impacting or breaker-plate crushing and scavenging surfaces make up a minimum of working parts exposed to active wear. There is practically no hazard of any of the roll train parts breaking off or loosening and getting into the machine and damaging it. The lines of impactor crushing are inclined from the vertical sufliciently to avoid projection of the material upward through the centralized hopper-particularly when the feed is dry. Usually the feed is dry for a part of the year and the roll train is effective also with the dry material.

Where there is a minor handling of wet sticky material, the reversible mill of be constructed with the roll train on one side and -a stationary breaker plate on the other side.

Both sides may then be used for the dry material and the roll train side for the wet. A crusher of this type'is shown in Fig. 3 where the right 0 side roll train is replaced by the upper breaker block 44 fastened to the cover plate H and the inclined lower breaker block 45 supported by the corner plate l2 and the shaft 46 of the pivotal support for the crusher cage 25.

The rotary action of the roll train will usually thisinvention may aavaoas keep the roll surfaces in constant movement so that these surfaces may be readily cleaned or treated as by scrapers 41, 48 (Fig. 4) or rotary wire brush 49. The scrapers are yieldingly held in contact with the roll surfaces as by springs 50 and guards such as 5! may be positioned to divert .the scraped material from re-entry between the rolls.

Where a non-reversible machine is desired the cage 55 (Fig. 4) may be continued around the bottom to an end 58 (Fig. 5) adjustably supported at 51, a tramp iron pocket P being provided in the special side structure having the right side of the entrance hopper extended down at 58 to a liner 59 and trap top 86 carried by a hinged cover 6|. The bottom of the trap is provided by the angular plate structure 62 mounted between the end plates 10. Tramp material not passing through the grate cage 55 will be carried around and discharged into the pocket P from which it may be readily removed.

The crusher of this invention is widely adaptable to different materials and will ffectively and economically handle even the wet sticky masses often encountered in the cement industry. At the same time the mechanism is maintained simple in structure and durable in operation on dry material.

I claim:

1. A crusher having a rotor carrying hammers, a feed chute terminating vertically above the center of the rotor a distance of the order of the radius of the hammer circle and providing an entrance space through which the material is freely dropped vertically downward into the top center of the hammer circle of the rotor and symmetrically On each side thereof, a continuous impenetrable movable power-driven anvil means extending above the level of said rotor to the upper portion of said entrance space at the side of said central feed to permit material to drop vertically into said rotor and comprising an upper portion power driven to carry its surface downward substantially parallel to the vertically entering material in said entrance space and closely adjacent thereto and then downward and outward at an angle thereto and above the hammer circle of said rotor and separated therefrom by said entrance space and adjacent intermediate space through which material is projected by said rotor hammers, and intermediate and lower portions continuing in said downward and outward direction and power driven to carry their surfaces downward and outward with movement in planes transverse to the axis of the rotor and approaching progressively closer to said hammer circle to a terminal throat opening at the side of said circle and providing a continuation of said intermediate space having power-driven moving sur- 4 faces above and below and tapering to closest approach at said throat opening, and a downward discharge of said material from said throat opening between said rotor and anvil means.

2. A crusher as set forth in claim 1 in which the rotor is reversible and there are two of said power-driven anvil means, one on each side of said central feed so that a similar fracturing of material takes place for each direction of rotation of the rotor.

3. A crusher as set forth in claim 1 in which the power-driven anvil means comprises a series of rotary rolls in sequence at the side of said space.

4. A crusher having a rotor carrying hammers, a feed chute supplying material thereto, power driven anvil means at the side of said rotor extending above the level of the rotor and forming a downward and outward and progressively decreasing throat opening and comprising at its lower end a rotatable element separated from said rotor circle by the lower narrow portion of said downwardly directed throat opening, a cage having grid bars adjacent said hammer circle below said opening and mounting means for said cage adjustably pivotally supported on anaxis coaxial with said rotary element.

EDWIN H. KEIPER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 93,124 Rose et al July 27, 1869 726,602 v Williams Apr. 28, 1903 813,190 Williams Feb. 20, 1906 836,162 William Nov. 20, 1906 904,909 Williams Nov. 24, 1908 1,049,712 Helbig Jan. 7, 1913 1,182,835 Campen et a1. May 9, 1916 1,410,437 Williams Mar. 21, 1922 1,788,388 Frickey Jan. 13, 1931 1,813,836 Battey et a1 July 7, 1931 1,877,121 Borton Sept, 13, 1932 1,884,544 Borton Oct. 25, 1932 2,149,571 Battey Mar. 7, 1939 2,152,791 Dahlstrom Apr. 4, 1939 2,170,407 Hartshom Aug. 22, 1939 2,411,302 Stine et a1. .4 Nov. 19, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 9,254 Australia, 1932 Sept. 28, 1933 593,871 France June 6, 1925 238,117 Great Britain Aug. 13, 1925 418,514

Great Britain Oct. 26, 1934

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