US3844680A - Adjustable-pitch axial fan - Google Patents

Adjustable-pitch axial fan Download PDF

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Publication number
US3844680A
US3844680A US00238559A US23855972A US3844680A US 3844680 A US3844680 A US 3844680A US 00238559 A US00238559 A US 00238559A US 23855972 A US23855972 A US 23855972A US 3844680 A US3844680 A US 3844680A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fan
blade
axle
bearing
hub
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00238559A
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English (en)
Inventor
E Saterdal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Svenska Flaktfabriken AB
Original Assignee
Svenska Flaktfabriken AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Svenska Flaktfabriken AB filed Critical Svenska Flaktfabriken AB
Priority to US05/489,734 priority Critical patent/US3935625A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3844680A publication Critical patent/US3844680A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/34—Blade mountings
    • F04D29/36—Blade mountings adjustable
    • F04D29/362—Blade mountings adjustable during rotation

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An arrangement for adjusting fan blades 2 exchangeable in operation
  • the adjusting means comprises a compressed air box 5a, 5b for actuating each fan blade by means of a dog member 5, said box 5a, 5b and said member 5 being nonrotatable on the fan wheel axle 3.
  • the fan is easy to adapt to different demands for capacity due to the fact that fan blade shaft 2a is made of a number of exchangeable preselected standardized sizes l8, 19, 20 and always has the same above mentioned arrangements for the rest of the fan.
  • This invention relates to an arrangement adapted at an axial fan equipped with a plurality of blades adjustable in operation to act upon the adjusting by means of a dog member rotating with the axial fan impeller and simultaneously axially displaceable in relation to said impeller, which dog member is supported on a bearing means separated from the drive shaft of the axial fan impeller, and comprising means for causing each of the fan blades to assume a corresponding setting position responsive to the axial displacement of the dog member, and provided with a preferably semi-spherical impeller casing covering the hub of the axial fan and said dog member and the bearing thereof.
  • the invention further relates to a novel method of manufacturing such an axial fan.
  • Arrangements for adjusting the fan blades of axial fan impellers in operation are known previously.
  • Their adjusting means usually were designed as a disk inserting into the hub of the fan impeller and having a thickness sufficient to receive in a groove a ball-shaped pin mounted on a radially projecting arm of each fan blade.
  • a combination of worm gears and racks has been utilized for actuating the adjusting means.
  • Adjusting means of the aforesaid kind are heavy, relatively expensive and require much space.
  • Their construction further involves a large gyrating mass, so that for each definite size of rotation of the fan blades large motions of the adjusting means are required and the rotary parts have to meet high requirements with respect to balancing.
  • a further disadvantage of said conventional construction of the adjusting means are the high strains on the bearing means.
  • the present invention has as its object to eliminate the shortcomings of the conventional adjusting means.
  • the novel construction has the advantage of having a light weight, small structural dimensions in the axial direction and a low moment of gyration.
  • the axial fan impeller according to the invention therefore, can be mounted directly on the axle journal of the drive motor even at small effects.
  • each fan blade at its end facing the hub portion and said impeller casing is formed to a bearing housing and provided with a blade cover mounted rotatably by said axial bearings on a blade axle secured in the hub of the axial fan impeller, and that each blade cover by means of an arm provided in a point of the circumference of the blade cover and in a point on the outer circumference of the dog member is connected with the dog member for turning the blade cover and thereby the blade through an angle determined by the axial displacement of the dog member, and that the dog member comprises a compressed air box connected to a compressed air line for the supply of compressed air to the interior of said compressed air box for axial displacement of the dog member, preferably against the action ofa spring returning the dog member at reduced air pressure.
  • An expedient embodiment of the arrangement is characterized in that one wall of the compressed air box is a diaphragm of a flexible tight material.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the arrangement is characterized in that each blade is mounted in a single axial ball bearing disposed in the outer end of the blade axle fixed in the hub of the axial fan impeller, and that the axial pressure required for positioning the fan blade at the standstill of the axial fan impeller, which pressure in operation is produced by the centrifugal force acting on the blade, is produced by a spring, in the form of a spring washer.
  • This embodiment renders possible a compact and particularly space saving construction with very moderate strains on bearing means and balancing arrangements.
  • the invention includes also a novel and improved method for manufacturing axial fan impellers of different sizes of the aforesaid kind.
  • the method is characterized in that the fan blades are of one and the same size while the blade axles and impeller casings are selected from series of a limited number of standard sizes. This method is highly adapted to render the manufacture of the fan details cheaper and their storage simpler.
  • FIG. 1 shows in its upper parta section through the arrangement
  • FIG. la shows on an enlarged scale the special mounting of the fan blade
  • FIG. 2 shows the fan blade in a setting turned through
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a method according to the invention for the manufacture of axial fans of standard elements.
  • 1 designates collectively an axial fan intended, for example, to transport fumes from an industrial plant.
  • 2' designate a fan blade in two different positions with an angular difference of 90 after having been turned about a blade axle 2a.
  • 2b designates a holding means for each fan blade, the axle of which in the embodiment here referred to is presupposed to be secured on the hub 3a and be movable about the outer end of said blade axle 2a.
  • the fan blade therefore, is formed to a bearing housing 13 closed by a blade cover 13a, whichis provided with a hole for said blade axle 2a.
  • an axial bearing 15 with a chamfered limiting surface which bearing according to the invention is associated with a support ring 15a, which also is provided with a chamfered limiting surface.
  • the dog member 5 designates a bearingmeans for the dog member 5 according to the invention, said member. being a compressed air box with walls 54, 5b and with a mounting shown at 5c.
  • the dog member 5, i.e. the cornpressed air box, is connected to a compressed air line 6, and 7 designates a connecting fitting for said line.
  • the axial displacement. in the direction of the double arrow 10 is effected against the action of a spring 8, and the motion during the displacement is controlled by a pin 9.
  • Said spring 8 is located between the outer wall 50 of the dog member and a housing 11 for the axial fan impeller.
  • FIG. 17 designates a conventional cylindric casing around the fan impeller.
  • the arrangement according to the invention for adjusting the fan blades 2 is illustrated in two different setting positions in FIG. 1 and, respectively, FIG. 2. In the first position shown the fan blade is designated by 2, and in the latter position turned through 90 the corresponding fan blade is designated by 2.
  • FIG. la shows on an enlarged scale the relative arrangement of the root of the fan blade 2, part of the blade axle 2a, the balancing element 14 and the axial bearing 15 with associated supporting ring.
  • An apparatus for effecting axial flow comprising a generally cylindrical casing, said casing being selected with a diameter corresponding to the desired size of fan, a rotary fan mounted coaxially in said casing having a rotary hub adapted to be mounted on the end of a drive shaft and a plurality of radial fan blades, means to change the pitch of said blades during operation including a dog member mounted outboard of said shaft end rotatable with said hub and displaceable axially relative thereto, and means connecting each of said fan blades to said dog member to determine a pitch position responsive to axial displacement of said dog member, each of said radial fan blades having at its inner end a housing cover and support ring providing a central opening for an inwardly-opening socket forming a bearing housing, the improvement wherein each blade is rotatably supported in said hub by a radiallyextending blade axle fixed at its inner end to the hub and terminating at its outer end in an enlarged end portion within said bearing housing, the axle projecting through the central opening of said socket

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US00238559A 1971-03-30 1972-03-27 Adjustable-pitch axial fan Expired - Lifetime US3844680A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/489,734 US3935625A (en) 1971-03-30 1974-07-18 Method of manufacturing axial fans of different sizes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE04133/71A SE355646B (de) 1971-03-30 1971-03-30

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/489,734 Continuation US3935625A (en) 1971-03-30 1974-07-18 Method of manufacturing axial fans of different sizes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3844680A true US3844680A (en) 1974-10-29

Family

ID=20263607

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00238559A Expired - Lifetime US3844680A (en) 1971-03-30 1972-03-27 Adjustable-pitch axial fan

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US3844680A (de)
JP (1) JPS6036800Y2 (de)
AU (1) AU461999B2 (de)
BE (1) BE781403A (de)
CA (1) CA954486A (de)
CS (1) CS157744B2 (de)
DE (2) DE2215482A1 (de)
FI (1) FI53748C (de)
FR (1) FR2131728A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1382086A (de)
IT (1) IT950870B (de)
NL (1) NL7204079A (de)
NO (1) NO135950B (de)
SE (1) SE355646B (de)
SU (1) SU474164A3 (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2391381A1 (fr) * 1977-05-17 1978-12-15 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Ventilateur axial
US4218188A (en) * 1977-05-17 1980-08-19 Aktiebolaget Svenska Flaktfabriken Axial fan
US4221541A (en) * 1977-02-28 1980-09-09 Axial International Aktiengesellschaft Fan comprising a blade pitch control mechanism
US4386886A (en) * 1980-04-14 1983-06-07 Buffalo Forge Company Adjustable vortex pump
US6109871A (en) * 1997-03-31 2000-08-29 Horton, Inc. Integrated fan assembly with variable pitch blades
US6253716B1 (en) 1999-07-07 2001-07-03 Horton, Inc. Control system for cooling fan assembly having variable pitch blades
US6327957B1 (en) 1998-01-09 2001-12-11 Wind Eagle Joint Venture Wind-driven electric generator apparatus of the downwind type with flexible changeable-pitch blades
US9447791B2 (en) 2010-10-12 2016-09-20 Mahle International Gmbh Fan comprising fan blades

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5159620A (en) * 1990-09-28 1992-10-27 Thomas Bordelon Variable pitch propeller apparatus

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR467096A (fr) * 1913-01-10 1914-06-03 Jean Gabriel Joseph Meugniot Perfectionnements apportés aux articles tels, notamment et surtout, que les hélices
US1364755A (en) * 1920-01-03 1921-01-04 Clive K Henington Automatic pitch-adjuster for propeller-blades
AT155043B (de) * 1937-06-04 1938-11-25 Fritz Sternath Fahrvorrichtung.
GB674657A (en) * 1950-02-21 1952-06-25 Nordisk Ventilator Improvements in and relating to blowers with axial exhaust
US2665054A (en) * 1948-01-07 1954-01-05 Joy Mfg Co Replaceable blade fan
US2948344A (en) * 1957-03-18 1960-08-09 Hartzell Propeller Inc Constant speed and feathering propeller
DE1095454B (de) * 1958-12-17 1960-12-22 Babcock & Wilcox Dampfkessel Einrichtung zum Verstellen der Laufschaufeln von Stroemungsmaschinen
GB916310A (en) * 1959-08-20 1963-01-23 Sulzer Ag Apparatus for adjusting the rotor blades of an axial fluid flow turbine or compressor
GB1011419A (en) * 1963-02-07 1965-12-01 Colchester Woods Axial flow fans
US3231313A (en) * 1963-07-12 1966-01-25 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Axial fan with adjustable blades
US3393748A (en) * 1966-07-22 1968-07-23 United Aircraft Corp Propeller with spring actuated variable pitch
US3457997A (en) * 1967-09-15 1969-07-29 Bell Aerospace Corp Rotor mounting
US3543368A (en) * 1968-03-26 1970-12-01 Alfred S Marlow Variable capacity fluid discharge device
US3603698A (en) * 1969-11-19 1971-09-07 Nordisk Ventilator Axial flow fan wheel

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1406472A (fr) * 1963-10-11 1965-07-23 Voith Getriebe Kg Séries et gammes de modèles de ventilateurs axiaux pouvant être fabriqués à partir d'éléments identiques

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR467096A (fr) * 1913-01-10 1914-06-03 Jean Gabriel Joseph Meugniot Perfectionnements apportés aux articles tels, notamment et surtout, que les hélices
US1364755A (en) * 1920-01-03 1921-01-04 Clive K Henington Automatic pitch-adjuster for propeller-blades
AT155043B (de) * 1937-06-04 1938-11-25 Fritz Sternath Fahrvorrichtung.
US2665054A (en) * 1948-01-07 1954-01-05 Joy Mfg Co Replaceable blade fan
GB674657A (en) * 1950-02-21 1952-06-25 Nordisk Ventilator Improvements in and relating to blowers with axial exhaust
US2948344A (en) * 1957-03-18 1960-08-09 Hartzell Propeller Inc Constant speed and feathering propeller
DE1095454B (de) * 1958-12-17 1960-12-22 Babcock & Wilcox Dampfkessel Einrichtung zum Verstellen der Laufschaufeln von Stroemungsmaschinen
GB916310A (en) * 1959-08-20 1963-01-23 Sulzer Ag Apparatus for adjusting the rotor blades of an axial fluid flow turbine or compressor
GB1011419A (en) * 1963-02-07 1965-12-01 Colchester Woods Axial flow fans
US3231313A (en) * 1963-07-12 1966-01-25 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Axial fan with adjustable blades
US3393748A (en) * 1966-07-22 1968-07-23 United Aircraft Corp Propeller with spring actuated variable pitch
US3457997A (en) * 1967-09-15 1969-07-29 Bell Aerospace Corp Rotor mounting
US3543368A (en) * 1968-03-26 1970-12-01 Alfred S Marlow Variable capacity fluid discharge device
US3603698A (en) * 1969-11-19 1971-09-07 Nordisk Ventilator Axial flow fan wheel

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4221541A (en) * 1977-02-28 1980-09-09 Axial International Aktiengesellschaft Fan comprising a blade pitch control mechanism
FR2391381A1 (fr) * 1977-05-17 1978-12-15 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Ventilateur axial
US4215973A (en) * 1977-05-17 1980-08-05 Aktiebolaget Svenska Flatfabriken Axial fan
US4218188A (en) * 1977-05-17 1980-08-19 Aktiebolaget Svenska Flaktfabriken Axial fan
US4386886A (en) * 1980-04-14 1983-06-07 Buffalo Forge Company Adjustable vortex pump
US6109871A (en) * 1997-03-31 2000-08-29 Horton, Inc. Integrated fan assembly with variable pitch blades
US6327957B1 (en) 1998-01-09 2001-12-11 Wind Eagle Joint Venture Wind-driven electric generator apparatus of the downwind type with flexible changeable-pitch blades
US6253716B1 (en) 1999-07-07 2001-07-03 Horton, Inc. Control system for cooling fan assembly having variable pitch blades
US9447791B2 (en) 2010-10-12 2016-09-20 Mahle International Gmbh Fan comprising fan blades

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3958672A (en) 1973-09-06
IT950870B (it) 1973-06-20
FI53748B (de) 1978-03-31
GB1382086A (en) 1975-01-29
JPS55149598U (de) 1980-10-28
DE2265563C2 (de) 1982-06-03
NL7204079A (de) 1972-10-03
SU474164A3 (ru) 1975-06-14
BE781403A (fr) 1972-07-17
CA954486A (en) 1974-09-10
JPS6036800Y2 (ja) 1985-10-31
SE355646B (de) 1973-04-30
FR2131728A5 (de) 1972-11-10
CS157744B2 (de) 1974-09-16
NO135950B (de) 1977-03-21
DE2215482A1 (de) 1972-10-12
AU461999B2 (en) 1975-05-28
FI53748C (fi) 1978-07-10

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