US3828192A - Spherical segment electrode imaging chamber - Google Patents

Spherical segment electrode imaging chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
US3828192A
US3828192A US00393419A US39341973A US3828192A US 3828192 A US3828192 A US 3828192A US 00393419 A US00393419 A US 00393419A US 39341973 A US39341973 A US 39341973A US 3828192 A US3828192 A US 3828192A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
imaging chamber
electrodes
receptor sheet
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00393419A
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English (en)
Inventor
A Morsell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ELSCINT IMAGING Inc
Elscint Ltd
Elscint Inc
Original Assignee
Xonics Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xonics Inc filed Critical Xonics Inc
Priority to US00393419A priority Critical patent/US3828192A/en
Priority to CA200,978A priority patent/CA1035828A/fr
Priority to GB2762674A priority patent/GB1428942A/en
Priority to DE2434557A priority patent/DE2434557A1/de
Priority to FR7425252A priority patent/FR2242700B1/fr
Priority to BE146856A priority patent/BE817995A/fr
Priority to NL7410164A priority patent/NL7410164A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3828192A publication Critical patent/US3828192A/en
Priority to IT52658/74A priority patent/IT1018976B/it
Priority to JP49099039A priority patent/JPS5055287A/ja
Assigned to ELSCINT, INC., ELSCINT IMAGING, INC., ELSCINT, LIMITED reassignment ELSCINT, INC. ASSIGNORS DO HEREBY QUITCLAIM, ASSIGN AND TRANSFER THEIR ENTIRE RIGHTS, TITLE AND INTEREST THEY MAY HAVE IN SAID INVENTIN TO ASSIGNEES Assignors: XONICS MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC., XONICS, INC.
Assigned to XONICS INC., A CA. CORP. reassignment XONICS INC., A CA. CORP. RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FIRST CHICAGO INVESTMENT CORPORATION, AS AGENT
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/054—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern using X-rays, e.g. electroradiography
    • G03G15/0545—Ionography, i.e. X-rays induced liquid or gas discharge

Definitions

  • An arrangement for clamping 52 us. Cl. 250/315, 250/379, 313/100 the reoeptorsheetand Stretching itto aspherieal [511 1m. C1.
  • an x-ray opaque gas is utilized between two electrodes in an imaging resolution loss in the images produced by conventional electronradiographic devices results from the fact that the x-rays entering the planar imaging chamber are parallel to the electric field in the gas gap only at one point (the center of the image if the x-ray source is positioned directly over the center of the imaging chamber).
  • the angle between the incoming x-ray and the electric field can be appreciable at the edges of the image, with the result that electrons or ions formed in the gas gap along a well defined ray will spread out as they travel to the receptor surface along the electric field lines.
  • the conventional imaging chamber has utilized flat or cylindrical electrodes because the receptor sheet must be mounted on one of the electrodes during exposure.
  • the present invention provides spherical electrodes in the imaging chamber and an arrangement for mounting the normally flat receptor sheet on one electrode.
  • the spherical electrode system will eliminate the loss of resolution encountered in the planar electrode system, while permitting the use of larger gas gaps with their higher quantum efficiency.
  • a concave spherical shape is convenient and practical for the top of the imaging chamber through which the x-rays pass.
  • the top of the chamber can have a radius of curvature equal to the imageto-source distance (typically 40 inches) and the inside surface of this top can be used as one of the spherical electrodes.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of an electron radiographic system incorporating the presently preferred embodiment of the imaging chamber
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the imaging chamber of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line 4-4 of FIG. 2 showing the imaging chamber in the open position;
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to that of FIG. 4 showing the imaging chamber in the closed position
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line 6-6 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line 77 of FIG. 6.
  • the system of FIG. 1 includes an x-ray source 10 and an imaging chamber or cassette 11, with an object 12 to be x-rayed positioned above the imaging chamber.
  • the imaging chamber includes an upper housing member 14 carrying an electrode 15, and a lower housing member 16 carrying another electrode 17 with an insulation sheet 18 therebetween.
  • the dielectric receptor sheet 20 is mounted against the electrode 15.
  • An electric field is established in the gap 21 between the electrodes by means of a power supply 22 connected via line 23 to the electrode 15 and via line 24 and feed through insulator 25 to the electrode 17.
  • a supply of gas under pressure is provided to the gap 21 through line 26.
  • the system of FIG. 1 is operated in the usual manner to produce the desired picture and the present invention is directed to the electrode configuration and means for holding the receptor sheet at an electrode.
  • the electrodes l5, 17 have uniformly spaced spherical surfaces at the gap 21, with center coinciding with the x-ray source at 10. With this configuration, the electric field in the gap is everywhere directed toward the x-ray source, and the ions and electrons formed in the gas gap move along paths coinciding with rays from the x-ray source.
  • the imaging chamber 11 may be mounted in a table 30, with the rim of the upper housing member 14 resting on a lip 31 of the table.
  • the imaging chamber includes means for moving the lower housing member 16 toward and away from the upper housing member 14 between opened and closed positions. When in the open position, an exposed receptor sheet may be removed and the new receptor sheet inserted. When in the closed position, the imaging chamber is ready for an x-ray exposure.
  • a preferred arrangement for opening and closing the chamber is illustrated in detail in FIGS. 3-7.
  • a nut 37 is threaded onto each of the screws 35, with a thrust bearing 38 positioned about the screw between the nut and the lower housing member 16.
  • a sprocket 39 is affixed to each nut.
  • Each shaft 42 is carried in the lower housing member 16 on bearings 43 held in place by collars 44, with thrust bearings 45 between the shafts 42 and the lower housing member 16.
  • Each shaft 42 has 51 threaded upper portion 47 which engages a mating opening 48 in the upper housing member 14.
  • a felt pad oiler 49 may be mounted on the upper housing member 14 about each of the threaded portions 47.
  • a sprocket 50 is carried on the lower end of each of the shafts 42.
  • a drive sprocket 53 is mounted on a shaft 54 carried in the lower housing member 16.
  • a drive chain engages the sprockets 39, 50, the drive sprocket'53, and additional idler sprockets as desired.
  • a drive motor 56 is mounted on the lower housing member 16 and isconnected to the shaft 54 through a belt 57, pulley 58, slip clutch 59 and ratchet mechanism 60.
  • the imaging chamber is driven from the open position of FIGS. 3 and 4 to the closed position of FIGS. -7 by energizing the motor 56 which drives the chain 55.
  • the nuts 42 are rotated on the screws 47, raising the lower housing member 16. As the member 16 moves upward to an intermediate position, the rotating screws 47 enter the threaded openings 48.
  • the lowermember l6 continues its upward movement until the chamber is closed with the eight screws providing a tight clamping force around the periphery of the chamber.
  • the clutch 59 slips and prevents damage to the mechanism until the drive motor is shut off.
  • the ratchet mechanism 60 provides a lock up for maintaining the chamber closed after the drive motor is shut off.
  • the chamber is opened by releasing the ratchet mechanism and running the motor 56 in the opposite direction.
  • the imaging chamber of the invention includes means for clamping or gripping the receptor sheet and holding it against one of the electrodes, here the electrode 15, as the chamber is closed.
  • a frame is provided about the electrode 17, typically in the form of an upstanding ridge 63 on the lower housing member 16.
  • the ridge 63 has the contour of the edge of the other electrode 15,
  • seal gasket 64 is'carried in a groove in the upper surface of the ridge.
  • Each clamp strip has a lip 72 which tapers to a point and conforms to the contour of the corresponding edge of the electrode 15.
  • Each clamp strip is carried on a plurality of spring mechanisms 74.
  • Each of the spring mechanisms 74 includes a screw 75 mounted in the upper housing member 14, a'sleeve 76 positioned about the screw, and a spring 77 positioned about the sleeve in an opening in the upper member 14. The spring 77 engages a flange 78 of the clamp strip and urges the clamp strip downward against the head of the screw 75, to the position shown in FIG. 4.
  • a receptor sheet 80 typically an initially flat sheet of a dielectric plastic such as Mylar or Lexan is placed in the open imaging chamber resting on the ridge 63.
  • the motor 56 is then energized to drive the lower housing member 16 upward into engagement with the upper housing member 14.
  • the seal 64 initially engages the lower side of the lips 72 of the clamp .strips, with the receptor sheet therebetween.
  • the receptor sheet is clamped or gripped between the clamp strips and the ridge.
  • the springs 77 are compressed permitting a corresponding upward movement of the clamp strips bringing the upper surfaces of the lips 72 into engagement with the electrode 50, and the receptor sheet 80 is progressively stretched as it comes into contact with the convex surface of the electrode 15.
  • the receptor sheet is clamped in place and stretched into a spherical shape against the electrode 15 as shown in FIG. 5.
  • Gas is introduced into the gap between the electrodes by the line 26 and passage 82 in housing member 16, the electric power supply is connected to the electrodes, and the x-ray exposure is made. The power supply is disconnected, the chamber pressure is reduced, and the chamber is opened, permitting removal of the receptor sheet for subsequent development.
  • a typical imaging chamber may be in the order of 14 inches by 17 inches and when used with an x-ray source positioned at 40 inches from the gap, the receptor sheet is stretched less than 1 percent in being conformed to the spherical configuration.
  • the receptor materials presently available, such as those mentioned above, are sufficiently strong and elastic to withstand such stretching without tearing or assuming a permanent set.
  • the receptor sheet When the receptor sheet is .positioned in the open chamber, it conforms quite well to the curved shape of the ridge 64 due to the force of gravity, although being stiff enough to clear the lower electrode. At this time the sheet is still flat in the middle and is circularly cylindrical for some distance inward from each corner. This sheet maintains this shape until the clamp strips are engaged and the center of the sheet contacts the upper electrode 15.
  • first and second electrodes having the shape of spherical segments
  • An imaging chamber as defined in claim 2 wherein said means for moving includes a plurality of threaded members, a drive motor, and means coupling said motor to said threaded members.
  • said means for moving includes a plurality of screws mounted with one of said electrodes, at corresponding plurality of mating nuts mounted with the other of said electrodes for rotation on a screw, a drive motor, and

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Combination Of More Than One Step In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Radiography Using Non-Light Waves (AREA)
US00393419A 1973-08-31 1973-08-31 Spherical segment electrode imaging chamber Expired - Lifetime US3828192A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00393419A US3828192A (en) 1973-08-31 1973-08-31 Spherical segment electrode imaging chamber
CA200,978A CA1035828A (fr) 1973-08-31 1974-05-28 Chambre de formation d'image avec electrode spherique
GB2762674A GB1428942A (en) 1973-08-31 1974-06-21 Spherical segment electrode imaging chamber
DE2434557A DE2434557A1 (de) 1973-08-31 1974-07-18 Bildkammer mit kugelsegmentelektroden
FR7425252A FR2242700B1 (fr) 1973-08-31 1974-07-19
BE146856A BE817995A (fr) 1973-08-31 1974-07-23 Chambre de formation des images pour appareil de radiographie
NL7410164A NL7410164A (nl) 1973-08-31 1974-07-29 Bolvormige beeldkamer.
IT52658/74A IT1018976B (it) 1973-08-31 1974-08-20 Camera ad immagine
JP49099039A JPS5055287A (fr) 1973-08-31 1974-08-30

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00393419A US3828192A (en) 1973-08-31 1973-08-31 Spherical segment electrode imaging chamber

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3828192A true US3828192A (en) 1974-08-06

Family

ID=23554623

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00393419A Expired - Lifetime US3828192A (en) 1973-08-31 1973-08-31 Spherical segment electrode imaging chamber

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3828192A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5055287A (fr)
BE (1) BE817995A (fr)
CA (1) CA1035828A (fr)
DE (1) DE2434557A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2242700B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1428942A (fr)
IT (1) IT1018976B (fr)
NL (1) NL7410164A (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3927322A (en) * 1974-11-08 1975-12-16 Xonics Inc Electrode for electronradiography imaging chamber
US3961192A (en) * 1973-11-14 1976-06-01 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image formation method
US3963924A (en) * 1973-06-23 1976-06-15 National Research Development Corporation Method and apparatus for taking x-ray pictures
US4025789A (en) * 1973-11-14 1977-05-24 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image formation method
US4065670A (en) * 1976-10-06 1977-12-27 Xonics, Inc. Spherical electrode X-ray imaging chamber
US4066896A (en) * 1975-06-19 1978-01-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ionographic chamber
FR2363816A1 (fr) * 1976-09-02 1978-03-31 Agfa Gevaert Ag Chambre d'image pour electro-radiographie
US4092557A (en) * 1975-07-23 1978-05-30 N. V. Optische Industrie "De Oude Delft" Intensifier tube of the proximity focus type
US4129782A (en) * 1976-11-04 1978-12-12 M. Braun Gmbh Curved location-sensitive proportional counter tube

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6065763U (ja) * 1983-10-12 1985-05-10 桂川電機株式会社 Ｘ線電子写真撮影装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3766385A (en) * 1972-04-14 1973-10-16 Konics Inc Rolling cylinder cassette for electron radiography
US3774029A (en) * 1972-06-12 1973-11-20 Xonics Inc Radiographic system with xerographic printing

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1471871A (en) * 1974-06-25 1977-04-27 Nat Res Dev Method and apparatus for taking x-ray pictures

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3766385A (en) * 1972-04-14 1973-10-16 Konics Inc Rolling cylinder cassette for electron radiography
US3774029A (en) * 1972-06-12 1973-11-20 Xonics Inc Radiographic system with xerographic printing

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3963924A (en) * 1973-06-23 1976-06-15 National Research Development Corporation Method and apparatus for taking x-ray pictures
US3961192A (en) * 1973-11-14 1976-06-01 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image formation method
US4025789A (en) * 1973-11-14 1977-05-24 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image formation method
US3927322A (en) * 1974-11-08 1975-12-16 Xonics Inc Electrode for electronradiography imaging chamber
US4066896A (en) * 1975-06-19 1978-01-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ionographic chamber
US4092557A (en) * 1975-07-23 1978-05-30 N. V. Optische Industrie "De Oude Delft" Intensifier tube of the proximity focus type
FR2363816A1 (fr) * 1976-09-02 1978-03-31 Agfa Gevaert Ag Chambre d'image pour electro-radiographie
US4175232A (en) * 1976-09-02 1979-11-20 Agfa-Gevaert, A.G. Inography imaging method and chamber
US4065670A (en) * 1976-10-06 1977-12-27 Xonics, Inc. Spherical electrode X-ray imaging chamber
US4129782A (en) * 1976-11-04 1978-12-12 M. Braun Gmbh Curved location-sensitive proportional counter tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5055287A (fr) 1975-05-15
CA1035828A (fr) 1978-08-01
FR2242700A1 (fr) 1975-03-28
FR2242700B1 (fr) 1978-01-27
DE2434557A1 (de) 1975-03-13
NL7410164A (nl) 1975-03-04
GB1428942A (en) 1976-03-24
IT1018976B (it) 1977-10-20
BE817995A (fr) 1974-11-18

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: ELSCINT, INC., MASSACHUSETTS

Free format text: ASSIGNORS DO HEREBY QUITCLAIM, ASSIGN AND TRANSFER THEIR ENTIRE RIGHTS, TITLE AND INTEREST THEY MAYHAVE IN SAID INVENTIN TO ASSIGNEES;ASSIGNORS:XONICS, INC.;XONICS MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:005029/0007

Effective date: 19880718

Owner name: ELSCINT, LIMITED, ILLINOIS

Free format text: ASSIGNORS DO HEREBY QUITCLAIM, ASSIGN AND TRANSFER THEIR ENTIRE RIGHTS, TITLE AND INTEREST THEY MAYHAVE IN SAID INVENTIN TO ASSIGNEES;ASSIGNORS:XONICS, INC.;XONICS MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:005029/0007

Effective date: 19880718

Owner name: ELSCINT IMAGING, INC., MASSACHUSETTS

Free format text: ASSIGNORS DO HEREBY QUITCLAIM, ASSIGN AND TRANSFER THEIR ENTIRE RIGHTS, TITLE AND INTEREST THEY MAYHAVE IN SAID INVENTIN TO ASSIGNEES;ASSIGNORS:XONICS, INC.;XONICS MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:005029/0007

Effective date: 19880718

AS Assignment

Owner name: XONICS INC., A CA. CORP., ILLINOIS

Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:FIRST CHICAGO INVESTMENT CORPORATION, AS AGENT;REEL/FRAME:005013/0715

Effective date: 19881207