US3818972A - Cast bar draft angle - Google Patents

Cast bar draft angle Download PDF

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Publication number
US3818972A
US3818972A US00295360A US29536072A US3818972A US 3818972 A US3818972 A US 3818972A US 00295360 A US00295360 A US 00295360A US 29536072 A US29536072 A US 29536072A US 3818972 A US3818972 A US 3818972A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
casting
draft angle
wheel
side walls
groove
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00295360A
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English (en)
Inventor
M Berry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Southwire Co LLC
Original Assignee
Southwire Co LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Southwire Co LLC filed Critical Southwire Co LLC
Priority to US00295360A priority Critical patent/US3818972A/en
Priority to SE7309382A priority patent/SE387872B/xx
Priority to CA175,576A priority patent/CA987069A/en
Priority to AU57679/73A priority patent/AU471619B2/en
Priority to GB3202773A priority patent/GB1437367A/en
Priority to ZM114/73*UA priority patent/ZM11473A1/xx
Priority to IT51542/73A priority patent/IT1000036B/it
Priority to YU1976/73A priority patent/YU35519B/xx
Priority to DE2337666A priority patent/DE2337666C3/de
Priority to FR7328712A priority patent/FR2201939B1/fr
Priority to JP48111564A priority patent/JPS5240614B2/ja
Priority to ES419378A priority patent/ES419378A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3818972A publication Critical patent/US3818972A/en
Assigned to SOUTHWIRE TECHNOLOGY, INC., A GEORGIA CORP. reassignment SOUTHWIRE TECHNOLOGY, INC., A GEORGIA CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: SOUTHWIRE COMPANY, (A GA. CORP.)
Assigned to SOUTHWIRE COMPANY reassignment SOUTHWIRE COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: SOUTHWIRE TECHNOLOGY, INC.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/0648—Casting surfaces
    • B22D11/0651—Casting wheels

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to improvements in the casting 'l i 283 groove on the periphery of an open casting wheel.
  • the l 1 o earc l groove is formed with a draft angle in the range of 56 R f d l 1- /2 to l4-/2 which results in an average increase in l 1 e erences casting wheel life of more than 50 percent over prior UNITED STATES PATENTS an Casting whee
  • This invention relates to the metal forming arts, and more particularly to the continuous casting of molten copper and other metals by means of a casting wheel having a casting groove formed in the periphery thereof
  • molten metal is continuously cast into a continuous bar by a continuous casting machine and then, substantially immediately thereafter, hot-worked in a rolling mill to yield a continuous rod.
  • the rod may then be cold drawn through a series of dies to form wire.
  • a typical continuous casting machine includes a conventional casting wheel having a casting groove in its periphery which is partially closed by an endless belt supported by the casting wheel and at least one idler pulley.
  • the casting wheel and the endless belt cooperate to provide a mold into one end of which molten metal is poured to solidify and from the other end of which the cast bar is emitted in substantially that condition in which it solidified.
  • Examples of such continuous casting machines are disclosed in US. Pat. Nos. 3,279,000 and 3,336,972, issued to D. B. Cofer et al. and assigned to the assignee of this invention.
  • the peripherally circumferential casting groove formed in conventional casting wheels has two side walls and a bottom surface or floor extending therebetween. In radial cross-section, the side walls inwardly converge toward the radial axis of the wheel.
  • step-bystep as follows:
  • the shell then becomes thicker and shrinks away from the mold some amount creating a gap which decreases heat flow away from the mold and allows the mold to shrink, reversing the deflection and heat flow process.
  • the mold temperature gradually reaches some steady value approximately equal to the initial temperature when the pour was made.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a casting wheel which facilitates extraction of the cast bar therefrom.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a casting wheel having a casting groove that inhibits the tendencies of close in and surface cracking.
  • the foregoing objects and others that may hereinafter become apparent are accomplished by providing a casting wheel having a casting groove with a draft angle in the range of from approximately 1 l'/2 to approximately l4%, preferably approximately 12. It has been determined in accordance with this invention that a casting groove having a draft angle in the range of l 1%" to 14% will not decrease below approximately 9% throughout any portion of the thermal cycle in a normal casting operation.
  • casting wheels constructed in accordance with this invention have exhibited an average increase in useful life of more than fifty percent over the life of prior art casting wheels having draft angles of 9V2.
  • the crosssectional shape of the cast bar deviates to a greater extent from a rectangular shape which is less desirable for the rolling operation. Accordingly, the 14% limit has been determined to yield a bar having a cross-sectional shape that is still acceptable for the rolling operation.
  • the preferable draft angle of 12 has been found to be an optimum in that it facilitates extraction of the bar from the groove while not unduly increasing the heat transfer rate nor yielding a shape that is undesirable for the rolling operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a highly-schematic elevation view of apparatus suitable to continuously manufacture rod, including a continuous casting machine and a rolling mill having a plurality of roll stands;
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged radial sectional view taken along line 22 of FIG. 1, and illustrates a prior art casting groove having a draft angle of 9% which has cracks, ripping and metal build-up formed on the walls thereof;
  • FIG. 3 is a radial sectional view of one embodiment of a casting groove formed in accordance with this invention, and illustrates the walls of the groove being broken, the lower portion having a draft angle of 9% and the upper portion having a draft angle of 14%";
  • FIG. 4 is a radial sectional view of the preferred embodiment of a casting groove formed in accordance with this invention, and depicts the groove having a draft angle of 12;
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the geometric relationship between a wedge and two inclined planes wherein the friction therebetween can be compared to the friction between a cast bar and a casting groove
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the normal forces and friction forces acting on a cast bar in a casting groove mold.
  • the apparatus includes a continuous casting machine generally designated by the numeral 10, and a rolling mill generally designated by the numeral 11.
  • the continuous casting machine 10 serves as a casting means for solidifying molten metal M to provide a cast metal such as a cast bar 12 that is conveyed in substantially that condition in which it solidified from the continuous casting machine 10 to the rolling mill 11 which serves as a hot-forming means for hot-forming the cast bar 12 into rod 16 or another hot-formed prod- LlCt.
  • the continuous casting machine 10 is of conventional casting wheel type similar to that shown in US. Pat. No. 3,336,972 and has a casting wheel 13 with a casting groove partially closed by an endless band 14 which is supported against the casting wheel 13 by a plurality of idler wheels 15.
  • the casting wheel 13 and endless band 14 cooperate to provide a mold into one end of which molten metal M is poured to solidify and from the other end of which the cast bar 12 passes in substantially that condition in which it solidified.
  • the rolling mill 11 is of conventional type having a plurality of roll stands 17 arranged to hot-form the cast metal by a series of successive deformations.
  • the continuous casting machine 10 and the rolling mill 11 are positioned relative to each other so that the cast bar 12 enters the rolling mill 11 substantially immediately after solidification so as to be in substantially that condition in which it solidified and at a hot-forming temperature within the range of temperatures for hotforming the cast bar 12.
  • No heating of the cast bar 12 is required between the casting machine 10 and the rolling mill ll but,in the event that it is desired to closely control the hot'forming temperature of the cast bar 12, means for adjusting the temperature of the cast bar 12 may be placed between the continuous casting machine 10 and the rolling mill 11 without departing from the inventive concept disclosed herein.
  • the cast bar 12 may be of any one of a plurality of lengths determined only by the amount of molten metal M solidified and may extend between the continuous casting machine 10 and the rolling mill 11.
  • the steps of solidifying molten metal to obtain cast metal and of hot-forming the cast metal are generally being performed simultaneously once the apparatus of FIG. 1 is in operation.
  • the mold 20 includes a casting groove 21 defined by side walls 22, 23 and a bottom surface or floor 24 extending therebetween.
  • Each of the side walls 22, 23 defines a slightly obtuse angle with the floor 24.
  • the amount that this angle exceeds is termed the draft angle a of the mold.
  • the draft angle a can also be defined as the angle subtended by each of the side walls 22, 23 with the radial axis of the casting wheel 13.
  • the draft angle a of the prior art mold 20 is 9%.
  • a build-up of metal 25 has formed on the side wall 22 which will tend to make the cast bar 12 stick in the mold 20 and thus hinder the normal payout or extraction process.
  • the build-up or swelling caused by the metal 25 will further add to the close in effect that is evident during the thermal cycle in the casting operation.
  • Also present in the prior art mold 20 are cracks and ripping formations 26 formed in the floor 24 and side wall 23.
  • the cracks and ripping formations 26 represent, of course, failures in the mold 20 caused by the stresses set up therein as a result of the cast bar 12 sticking in the mold 20 and the friction forces developed as the cast bar 12 is extracted therefrom.
  • FIG. 4 A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 4 wherein there is depicted a mold 30 having a draft angle a of 12. Not only will the increased draft angle a of 12 reduce friction and stress, but the close in effect during thermal loading will not reduce the draft angle below 9%", thereby preventing further sticking of the'cast bar in the mold.
  • the mold 40 includes a casting groove 41 having a floor 42 and broken side walls having angularly disposed sections 43, 44 and 45, 46, respectively. While the lower side wall sections 44 and 46 define a conventional draft angle a of 9%", the upper wall sections 43 and 45 define a draft angle a, of 14%. In this manner,
  • a casting wheel having an open casting groove formed in the periphery thereof, said casting groove being defined by two side walls and a floor extending therebetween and wherein each of said side walls subtends a draft angle with the radial axis of said wheel; the improvement comprising providing said draftangle in the range of from about ll% to about 14%.
  • each of said side walls includes an upper section and a lower section, and wherein each of said sections subtends a different draft angle with the radial axis of said wheel.
  • a casting wheel having an open casting groove formed in the periphery thereof, said casting groove being defined by two side walls and a floor extending therebetween and wherein each of said side walls subtends a draft angle with the radial axis of said wheel; said side walls including an upper section and a lower section, said lower section subtending a draft angle of about 9% and said upper section subtending a draft angle of from about Il% to about 14%".
  • a side wall having an inner surface with at least a portion thereof in a first plane of reference which forms an angle with a second plane of reference that includes said bottom surface, said side wall being of a thickness and of a casting wheel metal that are such that said side wall is distorted in shape in response to the heat of a molten metal in said peripheral groove to cause said angle to decrease by an amount less than a predetermined maximum, and being shaped so that in the absence of said heat, said angle is greater than a predetermined minimum by said predetermined maximum.
  • a casting-wheel with a bottom surface and side wall having an inner surface with at least a portion thereof in a first plane of reference which forms an angle with a second plane of reference that includes said bottom surface, said side wall being of a thickness and of a casting wheel metal that are such that said side wall is distorted in shape by said band and by the heat of a molten metal in said peripheral groove to cause said angle to decrease by an amount less than a predetermined maximum, and being shaped so that in the absence of said heat and said band, said angle is greater than a predetermined minimum by said predetermined maximum.
  • a casting wheel having a peripheral groove defined by two side walls and a bottom surface extending therebetween and constructed of a given metal, each of said side walls subtending a draft angle with the radial axis of said wheel, said peripheral groove being constructed according to the formula:
  • a casting wheel having a groove constructed with a draft angle existing prior to the pouring of the molten copper which exceeds by a predetermined amount the draft angle existing after the cooling and solidifying of the molten copper, said predetermined amount being selected such that the draft angle existing after the cooling and solidifying of the molten copper will not be less than a predetermined minimum value which readily permits extraction of the solidified copper from the groove.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
US00295360A 1972-10-05 1972-10-05 Cast bar draft angle Expired - Lifetime US3818972A (en)

Priority Applications (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00295360A US3818972A (en) 1972-10-05 1972-10-05 Cast bar draft angle
SE7309382A SE387872B (sv) 1972-10-05 1973-07-03 Gjuthjul for strenggjutning av smelt metall
CA175,576A CA987069A (en) 1972-10-05 1973-07-04 Cast bar draft angle
AU57679/73A AU471619B2 (en) 1972-10-05 1973-07-04 Cast bab draft angle
GB3202773A GB1437367A (en) 1972-10-05 1973-07-05 Continuous casting of copper bars by a casting wheel
ZM114/73*UA ZM11473A1 (en) 1972-10-05 1973-07-16 Cast bar draft angle
IT51542/73A IT1000036B (it) 1972-10-05 1973-07-19 Procedimento per la formatura di metalli
YU1976/73A YU35519B (en) 1972-10-05 1973-07-20 Improvement in a groove shape of a casting wheel
DE2337666A DE2337666C3 (de) 1972-10-05 1973-07-25 Gießnut an einem Gießrad zum Stranggießen von Kupfer
FR7328712A FR2201939B1 (fr) 1972-10-05 1973-08-06
JP48111564A JPS5240614B2 (fr) 1972-10-05 1973-10-05
ES419378A ES419378A1 (es) 1972-10-05 1973-10-05 Perfeccionamientos en ruedas de moldear para maquinas de moldeo continuo de metales.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00295360A US3818972A (en) 1972-10-05 1972-10-05 Cast bar draft angle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3818972A true US3818972A (en) 1974-06-25

Family

ID=23137360

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00295360A Expired - Lifetime US3818972A (en) 1972-10-05 1972-10-05 Cast bar draft angle

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3818972A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5240614B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU471619B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA987069A (fr)
DE (1) DE2337666C3 (fr)
ES (1) ES419378A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2201939B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1437367A (fr)
IT (1) IT1000036B (fr)
SE (1) SE387872B (fr)
YU (1) YU35519B (fr)
ZM (1) ZM11473A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5293927A (en) * 1990-02-15 1994-03-15 Nippon Steel Corporation Method and apparatus for making strips, bars and wire rods

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU531775B2 (en) * 1977-12-14 1983-09-08 Southwise Co. Wheel anp belt casting of steel
CN108500223B (zh) * 2018-03-09 2019-10-11 张家港立志传导新材料有限公司 一种镁基材料连续铸挤设备中的增压装置
CN112880296B (zh) * 2020-12-31 2022-11-29 山东微波电真空技术有限公司 一种可快速降温的装配机

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3429363A (en) * 1966-04-14 1969-02-25 Hazelett Strip Casting Corp Method of cooling the casting belt in a continuous metal casting machine of the drum and belt type
US3536126A (en) * 1968-10-23 1970-10-27 Southwire Co Casting machine with lightweight casting wheel
GB1215853A (en) * 1967-10-21 1970-12-16 Ilario Properzi Continuous casting wheel with improved cooling arrangement

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE793259A (fr) * 1971-12-23 1973-04-16 Southwire Co Dispositif d'ecartement et de lissage pour une roue de coulee d'une barre metallique

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3429363A (en) * 1966-04-14 1969-02-25 Hazelett Strip Casting Corp Method of cooling the casting belt in a continuous metal casting machine of the drum and belt type
GB1215853A (en) * 1967-10-21 1970-12-16 Ilario Properzi Continuous casting wheel with improved cooling arrangement
US3536126A (en) * 1968-10-23 1970-10-27 Southwire Co Casting machine with lightweight casting wheel

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5293927A (en) * 1990-02-15 1994-03-15 Nippon Steel Corporation Method and apparatus for making strips, bars and wire rods
US5404931A (en) * 1990-02-15 1995-04-11 Nippon Steel Corporation Apparatus for making strips, bars and wire rods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1000036B (it) 1976-03-30
ES419378A1 (es) 1976-04-01
YU197673A (en) 1980-10-31
JPS4973332A (fr) 1974-07-16
AU471619B2 (en) 1976-04-29
DE2337666C3 (de) 1980-10-16
AU5767973A (en) 1975-01-09
JPS5240614B2 (fr) 1977-10-13
ZM11473A1 (en) 1974-05-21
DE2337666A1 (de) 1974-04-11
GB1437367A (en) 1976-05-26
SE387872B (sv) 1976-09-20
DE2337666B2 (de) 1980-02-21
YU35519B (en) 1981-04-30
FR2201939A1 (fr) 1974-05-03
FR2201939B1 (fr) 1976-05-07
CA987069A (en) 1976-04-13

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AS Assignment

Owner name: SOUTHWIRE TECHNOLOGY, INC., CARROLLTON, GEORGIA, A

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:SOUTHWIRE COMPANY, (A GA. CORP.);REEL/FRAME:004765/0692

Effective date: 19870126

Owner name: SOUTHWIRE TECHNOLOGY, INC., A GEORGIA CORP.,GEORGI

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SOUTHWIRE COMPANY, (A GA. CORP.);REEL/FRAME:004765/0692

Effective date: 19870126

AS Assignment

Owner name: SOUTHWIRE COMPANY, GEORGIA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:SOUTHWIRE TECHNOLOGY, INC.;REEL/FRAME:005091/0198

Effective date: 19890210