US3795760A - Electrical cables - Google Patents

Electrical cables Download PDF

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Publication number
US3795760A
US3795760A US00332382A US3795760DA US3795760A US 3795760 A US3795760 A US 3795760A US 00332382 A US00332382 A US 00332382A US 3795760D A US3795760D A US 3795760DA US 3795760 A US3795760 A US 3795760A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wire
copper
conductor
range
inner part
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00332382A
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English (en)
Inventor
P Raw
R Robbins
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Balfour Beatty PLC
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BICC PLC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/22—Making metal-coated products; Making products from two or more metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • H01B1/023—Alloys based on aluminium

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A single wire cable conductor consists of an inner part (constituting the major proportion of the crosssectional area of the conductor) of an aluminium alloy of the kind known as non-heat-treatable" and having a tensile strength within a range from 155 to 463 MN/m (1030 tonflin and an electrical conductivity 9 Claims, 6 Drawing Figures ELECTRICAL CABLES This application is a continuation-in-part of application, Ser. No. 124,058, filed Mar. l5, 1971, now abandoned.
  • This invention relates to electric insulated wires and cables and to single wire conductors therefor.
  • the invention is principally concerned with cables of the kind generally known as wiring cables and used, for example, for the wiring of buildings, vehicles, aircraft, switchboards, equipment and machinery and comprising one or more single or multiple wire conductors covered with insulating and/or sheathing material, but it is also concerned with cables of the kind generally known as telecommunication cables and including, for instance, television distribution and relay cables, television down leads and radio frequency cables.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a cable in which the major proportion of a conductor or of each of a number of conductors comprises aluminum but nevertheless the conductor or conductors can besatisfactorily jointed or terminated by those methods used for copper conductors mentioned above.
  • a cable comprises at least one single or multiple wire conductor, the or each wire consisting of an inner part (constituting the major proportion of the cross-sectional area of the wire) of an aluminium alloy of the kind known as non-heat-treatable and having a tensile strength within a range approximating to that of high conductivity copper, that is to say from 155 to 463 MN/m l-30 tonf/in and an electrical conductivity within the range 26.5% to 44.2% lACS and, bonded to the inner part, an outer part (constituting the minor proportion of the cross-sectional area of the wire) of copper or a high conductivity copper alloy and having an electrical conductivityof at least 80% lACS.
  • Aluminium alloys having the specified tensile strength and electrical conductivity are covered by the NE and NG series in 8.8. 1476( 1955) and 1475( 1955), where the prefix N indicates non-heat-treatable, E indicates bar form and G indicates wire form, especially N63 (1.25% Mn), NGS (3.5% Mg+0.6% Mn), NG6 (5.0% Mg+l.0% Mn) and NES (4.5% Mg+0.75% Mn).
  • Examples of cables in accordance with the invention are house wiring cables, lightweight, high-strength aircraft cables and telecommunication cables.
  • the invention also includes, for use in a cable in accordance with the invention, a single wire cable conductor consisting of an inner part (constituting the major proportion of the cross-sectional area of the conductor) of an aluminium alloy of the kind known as non-heat-treatable and having a tensile strength within a range approximating to that of high conductivity copper, that is to.
  • the single wire cable conductor is formed by a process which incorporates the method of manufacturing copper clad aluminium rod described and claimed in U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 759,138, now U.S. Pat. No.
  • 3,631,586 which comprises forming a cold composite billet by surrounding a preformed'billet (constituting the major proportion of the cross-sectional area of the composite billet) of an aluminium alloy of the kind known as non-heat-treatableland having a tensile strength within a range approximating to that of high conductivity copper, that is to say from 155 to 463 MN/m 10-30 tonflin and an electrical conductivity within the range 26.5% to 44.2% lACS, with a close fitting sheath (constituting the minor proportion of the cross-sectional area of the composite billet) of copper of a high conductivity copper alloy and having an electrical conductivity of at least 80% lACS, the contiguous surfaces of the aluminium alloy and copper or copper alloy components of the composite billet being clean and substantially free of surface oxides; directly extruding the Cold composite billet so formed to effect a reduction in cross-sectional area of the composite billet to form a copper clad aluminium alloy rod; and drawing down
  • cold composite billet a k composite billet of which the temperature ,prior to and at the time of its insertion into the extrusion press is lower than the' termperature at which non-heattreatable aluminium-based alloys and copper or copper alloys when in contact alloy.
  • the external surface of a billet of a non-heat-treatable aluminium alloy and/or the internal surface of a tube of copper or a copper alloy that the billet is a close fit in the tube chemically and/or mechanically cleaning the whole of the mating surfaces of the billet and the tube to remove substantially all oxide and other contaminating films therefrom immediately before fitting the one in or on the other, fitting the one in or on the other and sealing the ends of the composite structure to prevent contact of the cleaned contiguous surfaces with the atmosphere.
  • the external surface of the billet and the internal surface of the tube may be purged with a non-oxidizing gas, for example nitrogen, during the cleaning and during the assembly of the two components to form the composite structure.
  • the cleaning operation may be carried out in an atmosphere of nitrogen or other nonoxidizing gas or under vacuum.
  • the electro-plating method of building the cold composite billet permits of a reduction in the minimum proportion of copper or copper alloy present as compared with the copper tube method of building a cold composite billet.
  • the pre-treatment of the surface of the billet of non-heat-treatable aluminium alloy by the zincate process, by the Alstan 70 process or by any other suitable pre-treatment process results in the formation of a bond between the electro-deposited copper or copper alloy and the billet of aluminium-based alloy it is not necessary in carrying out the alternative process to effect a minimum reduction in cross-sectional area of the composite billet of 70 percent in order to achieve a bond between the copper sheath and the aluminium alloy core of any rod or wire produced from the composite billet.
  • Such plated composite billets may be extruded and drawn to wire in the same manner and to the same minimum extent as composite billets formed from a tube of copper or of copper alloy and a billet of the aluminium alloy, as such extrusion and drawing of plated composite billets merely consolidates the initial bond between the copper or copper alloy and the aluminum alloy.
  • Extrusion of a cold composite billet to effect a reduction in cross-sectional area and yield an extrudate in which the copper or copper alloy and the non-heattreatable' aluminium alloy components of the billet are soundly metallurgically bonded at the interface can be effected by the process known as hydrostatic extrusion.
  • the billet in the press container is surrounded by a liquid, usually oil, through which are transmitted the forces necessary to deform the billet and force it throughthe extrusion orifice.
  • hydrostatic extrusion is used to effect a reduction in cross-sectional area of a composite billet obtained by fitting a billet of a non-heat-treatable.aluminium alloy in a tube of copper or copper alloy and sealing the ends of the composite structure so formed, the seals at the ends of the composite billet prevent ingress of the liquid between the mating surfaces of the composite billet.
  • the method of the present invention has the important advantage that a single composite wire conductor with a very thin coating of copper or copper alloy can be formed by drawing down a copper clad non-heattreatable aluminium alloy rod in which the percentage by volume of copper or copper alloy is as low as percent or even lower.
  • MstLQZz M lfinqtbsnqs lat nnsr part, an outer part of copper, the copper constituting approximately 25 percent by volume of the wire is made by extruding by the hydrostatic extrusion process a composite billet containing about25 percent by volume of copper'and made up in the way described from a billet of the aluminum-based alloy of diameter 30.25 rnrn (1.19 inch) and a length of copper tubing ofapproximately 35mm (1.375 inch) overall diameter using an extrusion ratio-of 5.321, by which is meant that the ratio of cross-sectional area of billet to cross-sectional area of extrudate is 5.3: l to form a copper clad aluminum alloy rod of about 15.24 mm (Qtfijsq ame es and aw sfi
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views, drawn on enlarged scales, of house wiring cable
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views, drawn on enlarged scales, of aircraft cables
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view, drawn on an enlarged scale, of a television distribution cable
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view, drawn on an enlarged scale, of a television relay cable.
  • the house wiring cable shown in FIG. 1 is a single wire conductor of 2.25 mm diameter consisting of an inner part 1 of an aluminium alloy containing 1.25% Mn and, bonded to the inner part, an outerpart 2 of copper, the copper constituting approximately 10 percent by volume of the conductor.
  • the conductor has an insulating covering 3 of polyvinyl chloride.
  • the house wiring cable shown in FIG. 2 is a multiple wire conductor comprising 7/085 mm stranded wires 10 each consisting of an inner part 11 of an aluminium alloy containing 1.25% Mn and, bonded to the inner part, an outer part 12 of copper,'the copper constituting approximately 10 percent by volume of the wire.
  • the multiple wire conductor has an insulating covering 13 of polyvinyl chloride.
  • the aircraft cable shown in FIG. 3 is one of a group of aircraft cables comprising single wire conductors, each having a diameter within the range 0.l mm to 0.9 mm.
  • Each conductor consists of an inner part 21 of an aluminium alloy containing 3.5%-Mg and 0.6% Mn or an aluminium alloy containing 5% Mg and 1% Mn and, bonded to the inner part, an outer part 22 of copper, the copper constituting approximately 25 percent by volume of the conductor.
  • the copper outer part 22 is protected by a thin coating 24 of nickel, silver, tin or tin/lead alloy and the coated conductor has an outer insulating covering 23 of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, silicone rubber or one or more layers of tape of a polyimide film coated with a fluorinatedethylene propylene copolymer.
  • the aircraft cable shown in FIG. 4 is a stranded multiple wire conductor comprising 19/0. 193 mm wires 30.
  • Each wire 30 of the conductor consists of an inner part 31 of an aluminium alloy containing 3.5% Mg and 0.6% Mn or an aluminium alloy containing 5% Mg and 1% Mn and, bonded to the inner part, an outer part 32 of copper, the copper constituting approximately 25 percent by volume of the wire.
  • the copper outer part 32 is protected by a thin coating 34 of nickel, sliver, tin or tin/lead alloy.
  • the multiple wire conductor has an insulating covering 33 of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chlpride, silicone rubber or one or more layers of tape of a polyimide film coated with a fluorinatedethylene propylene copolymer.
  • the television distribution cable shown in FIG. 5 comprises a single wireconductor 41 of diameter 1.22 mm covered with an insulating layer 42 of cellular polythene, an inner braided conductor 43 of wires of 0.15 mm diameter, an intersheath 44 of polyvinyl chloride having a radial thickness of 0.64 mm, an outer braided conductor 45 of wires of 0.15 mm diameter, and an outer sheath 46 of polyvinyl chloride.
  • the wire of the cable conductor 41 and each wire of the braided conductors 43 and 45 consists of an inner part of an aluminium alloy containing 5.0% Mg and 1.0% Mn and, bonded to the inner part, an outer part of copper, the copper constituting approximately by volume of the wire. 7
  • the television relay cable shown in FIG. 6 comprises an assembly of pairs of insulated conductors consisting of six pairs 54 of single wire conductors 55 of diameter 0.46 mm each covered with an insulating layer 56 of polythene, the six pairs being arranged to lie helically around a central core 50 consisting-of three pairs 51 of single wire conductors 52 of diameter 0.42 mm each covered with an insulating layer 53 of polythene.
  • the assembly of pairs is wrapped with a helical lapping 57 of polyethylene terephthalate tape and is enclosed in an outer sheath 58 of polyvinyl chloride.
  • the conductors of each pair 51 and 54 each consist of a wire having an inner part of an aluminium alloy containing 5.0% Mg and 1.0% Mn and, bonded to the inner part, an outer part of copper, the copper constituting l0-l5 percent by volume of the wire.
  • a single wire cable conductor consisting of an inner part (constituting the major proportion of the cross-sectional area of the conductor) of an aluminium alloy of the kind known as non-heat-treatable and having a tensile strength within a range from 155 to 463 MN/m 1030 tonflin and an electrical conductivity within the range 26.5% to 44.2% IACS and, bonded to the inner part, an outer part (constituting the minor proportion of the cross-sectional area of the conductor) of a metal selected from the group of metals consisting of copper and a high conductivity copper alloy and having an electrical conductivity of at least 80% lACS.
  • An electric cable comprising at least one conductor comprising at least one wire consisting of an inner part (constituting the 'major proportion of the crosssectional area of the wire) of an aluminium alloy of the kind known as non-heat-treatable and having a tensile strength within a range from 155 to 463 MN/m 10-30 tonf/in) and an electrical conductivity within the range 26.5% to 44.2% lACS and, bonded to the inner part, an outer part (constituting the minor proportion of the cross-sectional area of the wire) of a metal selected from the group of metals consisting of copper and a high conductivity copper alloy and having an electrical conductivity of at least IACS.
  • An electric wiring cable comprising a conductor comprising at least one wire consisting of an inner part of an aluminium alloy of the kind known as non-heattreatable and having a tensile strength within a range from to 463 MN/m 10-30 tonf/in and an electrical conductivity within the range 26.5% to 44.2% IACS and, bonded to the inner part, an outer part of a metal selected from the group of metals consisting of copper and a high conductivity copper alloy and having an electrical conductivity of at least 80% IACS, the outer part constituting approximately 19 percent by volume of the wire.
  • An aircraft electric cable comprising a conductor, comprising at least one wire consisting of an inner part of an aluminium alloy. of the, kind known as non-heattreatable and having a tensile strength within a range from 155 to 463 MN/m (10-30 tonflin and an electrical conductivity within the range 26.5% to 44.2% lACS and, bonded to the inner part, an outer part of a metal selected from the group of metals consisting of copper and a high conductivity copper alloy and having an electrical conductivity of at least 80% IACS, the outer part constituting approximately 25 percent by volume of the wire.
  • a telecommunications cable comprising at least one conductor comprising at least one wire consisting of an inner part of an aluminium alloy of the kind known as ,non-heat-treatable and having a tensile strength within a range from 155 to 463 MN/m 10-30 tonf/in) and an electrical conductivity within the range 26.5% to 44.2% lACS and, bonded to the inner part, an outer part of a metal selected from the group of metals consisting of copper and a high conductivity copper alloy and having an electrical conductivity of at least 80% lACS, the volume of the outer part lying in the range 10 to 15 percent by volume of the wire.

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US00332382A 1970-03-16 1973-02-14 Electrical cables Expired - Lifetime US3795760A (en)

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CA (1) CA951393A (es)
DE (1) DE2112452A1 (es)
ES (1) ES196414Y (es)
FR (1) FR2083323B1 (es)
NL (1) NL7103501A (es)

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3842185A (en) * 1973-08-09 1974-10-15 British Insulated Callenders Aluminium alloy conductor wire
US3939299A (en) * 1973-08-09 1976-02-17 British Insulated Callender's Cables Limited Aluminium alloy conductor wire
US4769515A (en) * 1986-04-07 1988-09-06 W. L. Gore & Associates Primary transmission line cable
US4859258A (en) * 1987-04-03 1989-08-22 Societe Anonyme Dite: Filotex Method of manufacturing a flexible electric cable including a conductor comprising a plurality of fine strands of aluminum or aluminum alloy
US5118906A (en) * 1989-12-14 1992-06-02 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Wire conductors for automobiles
US5969229A (en) * 1995-09-20 1999-10-19 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Lead wire for sensor
US6204452B1 (en) * 1998-05-15 2001-03-20 Servicious Condumex S.A. De C.V. Flexible automotive electrical conductor of high mechanical strength, and process for the manufacture thereof
WO2004003273A2 (en) * 2002-06-28 2004-01-08 North Carolina State University Fabric and yarn structures for improving signal integrity in fabric based electrical circuits
US20070000127A1 (en) * 2005-04-25 2007-01-04 Christian-Eric Bruzek Cable with a central conductor of aluminum
WO2007147872A2 (fr) * 2006-06-21 2007-12-27 Rh Innovation Procédé de réalisation d'un fil d'aluminium recouvert d'une couche de cuivre et fil obtenu
US20080196923A1 (en) * 2005-02-08 2008-08-21 The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Aluminum conducting wire
US20090289757A1 (en) * 2008-05-23 2009-11-26 Ballard Claudio R System for remote control using a wap-enabled device
CN101022044B (zh) * 2007-02-26 2010-06-30 浙江华达通信器材集团有限公司 市内通信电缆
US20100319956A1 (en) * 2007-06-06 2010-12-23 Ballard Claudio R Hybrid cable for conveying data and power
US20110010269A1 (en) * 2009-07-07 2011-01-13 Ballard Claudio R Vehicle audio system for producing synthetic engine sound
CN1760993B (zh) * 2004-10-12 2011-05-11 F.S.P.-One公司 绞合的镀铜铝电缆及其制造方法
US20110190908A1 (en) * 2008-03-07 2011-08-04 Ballard Claudio R Virtual electronic switch system
US8526311B2 (en) 2007-06-06 2013-09-03 Veedims, Llc System for integrating a plurality of modules using a power/data backbone network
US8976541B2 (en) 2011-08-31 2015-03-10 Potens Ip Holdings Llc Electrical power and data distribution apparatus
WO2015109060A1 (en) * 2014-01-15 2015-07-23 Fisk Alloy, Inc. High strength, light weight, high conductivity hybrid cable conductor
US9250660B2 (en) 2012-11-14 2016-02-02 Laserlock Technologies, Inc. “HOME” button with integrated user biometric sensing and verification system for mobile device
US9485236B2 (en) 2012-11-14 2016-11-01 Verifyme, Inc. System and method for verified social network profile
US20190164660A1 (en) * 2016-04-11 2019-05-30 Nexans Electrical cable with improved resistance to galvanic corrosion
US10508367B2 (en) 2014-08-27 2019-12-17 North Carolina State University Binary encoding of sensors in textile structures

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008014814B4 (de) * 2008-03-18 2010-07-08 Alexander Binzel Schweisstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Schlauchpaket

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1489845A (fr) * 1966-06-16 1967-07-28 Trefimetaux Fil conducteur composite et son procédé de fabrication
US3463620A (en) * 1968-02-28 1969-08-26 Olin Mathieson Cylindrical or rod-like composite article
FR1582246A (es) * 1967-08-30 1969-09-26
US3513252A (en) * 1969-04-07 1970-05-19 Southwire Co Insulated aluminum alloy magnet wire
US3513250A (en) * 1969-04-07 1970-05-19 Southwire Co Solid insulated conductor
US3513251A (en) * 1969-04-07 1970-05-19 Southwire Co Multifilament conductor
US3595985A (en) * 1969-08-26 1971-07-27 Aluminum Co Of America Conversion coated aluminum conductor and method for preparation thereof

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1489845A (fr) * 1966-06-16 1967-07-28 Trefimetaux Fil conducteur composite et son procédé de fabrication
FR1582246A (es) * 1967-08-30 1969-09-26
US3463620A (en) * 1968-02-28 1969-08-26 Olin Mathieson Cylindrical or rod-like composite article
US3513252A (en) * 1969-04-07 1970-05-19 Southwire Co Insulated aluminum alloy magnet wire
US3513250A (en) * 1969-04-07 1970-05-19 Southwire Co Solid insulated conductor
US3513251A (en) * 1969-04-07 1970-05-19 Southwire Co Multifilament conductor
US3595985A (en) * 1969-08-26 1971-07-27 Aluminum Co Of America Conversion coated aluminum conductor and method for preparation thereof

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Metals Handbook, 8th Ed. 1961 Vol. 1 American Soc. of Metals pp. 943 945 & 26. *
Standards For Aluminum Mill Products, The Aluminum Assoc., Eighth Ed. 1965, pp. 10, 21, 74. *

Cited By (36)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3842185A (en) * 1973-08-09 1974-10-15 British Insulated Callenders Aluminium alloy conductor wire
US3939299A (en) * 1973-08-09 1976-02-17 British Insulated Callender's Cables Limited Aluminium alloy conductor wire
US4769515A (en) * 1986-04-07 1988-09-06 W. L. Gore & Associates Primary transmission line cable
US4859258A (en) * 1987-04-03 1989-08-22 Societe Anonyme Dite: Filotex Method of manufacturing a flexible electric cable including a conductor comprising a plurality of fine strands of aluminum or aluminum alloy
US5118906A (en) * 1989-12-14 1992-06-02 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Wire conductors for automobiles
US5969229A (en) * 1995-09-20 1999-10-19 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Lead wire for sensor
US6204452B1 (en) * 1998-05-15 2001-03-20 Servicious Condumex S.A. De C.V. Flexible automotive electrical conductor of high mechanical strength, and process for the manufacture thereof
US20040057176A1 (en) * 2002-06-28 2004-03-25 North Carolina State University Fabric and yarn structures for improving signal integrity in fabric-based electrical circuits
US20080287022A1 (en) * 2002-06-28 2008-11-20 North Carolina State University Fabric and yarn structures for improving signal integrity in fabric-based electrical circuits
WO2004003273A2 (en) * 2002-06-28 2004-01-08 North Carolina State University Fabric and yarn structures for improving signal integrity in fabric based electrical circuits
US7348285B2 (en) * 2002-06-28 2008-03-25 North Carolina State University Fabric and yarn structures for improving signal integrity in fabric-based electrical circuits
WO2004003273A3 (en) * 2002-06-28 2008-10-02 Univ North Carolina State Fabric and yarn structures for improving signal integrity in fabric based electrical circuits
TWI391525B (zh) * 2004-10-12 2013-04-01 F S P One 多股絞合的鍍銅之鋁電纜及其製造方法
CN1760993B (zh) * 2004-10-12 2011-05-11 F.S.P.-One公司 绞合的镀铜铝电缆及其制造方法
US20080196923A1 (en) * 2005-02-08 2008-08-21 The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Aluminum conducting wire
US7550675B2 (en) * 2005-02-08 2009-06-23 The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Aluminum conducting wire
US20070000127A1 (en) * 2005-04-25 2007-01-04 Christian-Eric Bruzek Cable with a central conductor of aluminum
WO2007147872A3 (fr) * 2006-06-21 2008-10-16 Rh Innovation Procédé de réalisation d'un fil d'aluminium recouvert d'une couche de cuivre et fil obtenu
US20100294537A1 (en) * 2006-06-21 2010-11-25 Rh Innovation Method of producing an aluminium wire covered with a copper layer, and wire obtained
WO2007147872A2 (fr) * 2006-06-21 2007-12-27 Rh Innovation Procédé de réalisation d'un fil d'aluminium recouvert d'une couche de cuivre et fil obtenu
FR2902801A1 (fr) * 2006-06-21 2007-12-28 Rh Innovation Sarl Procede de realisation d'un fil d'aluminium recouvert d'une couche de cuivre et fil obtenu
CN101022044B (zh) * 2007-02-26 2010-06-30 浙江华达通信器材集团有限公司 市内通信电缆
US8526311B2 (en) 2007-06-06 2013-09-03 Veedims, Llc System for integrating a plurality of modules using a power/data backbone network
US20100319956A1 (en) * 2007-06-06 2010-12-23 Ballard Claudio R Hybrid cable for conveying data and power
US8303337B2 (en) * 2007-06-06 2012-11-06 Veedims, Llc Hybrid cable for conveying data and power
US8254734B2 (en) 2008-03-07 2012-08-28 Veedims, Llc Virtual electronic switch system
US20110190908A1 (en) * 2008-03-07 2011-08-04 Ballard Claudio R Virtual electronic switch system
US20090289757A1 (en) * 2008-05-23 2009-11-26 Ballard Claudio R System for remote control using a wap-enabled device
US20110010269A1 (en) * 2009-07-07 2011-01-13 Ballard Claudio R Vehicle audio system for producing synthetic engine sound
US8976541B2 (en) 2011-08-31 2015-03-10 Potens Ip Holdings Llc Electrical power and data distribution apparatus
US9250660B2 (en) 2012-11-14 2016-02-02 Laserlock Technologies, Inc. “HOME” button with integrated user biometric sensing and verification system for mobile device
US9485236B2 (en) 2012-11-14 2016-11-01 Verifyme, Inc. System and method for verified social network profile
WO2015109060A1 (en) * 2014-01-15 2015-07-23 Fisk Alloy, Inc. High strength, light weight, high conductivity hybrid cable conductor
US10508367B2 (en) 2014-08-27 2019-12-17 North Carolina State University Binary encoding of sensors in textile structures
US20190164660A1 (en) * 2016-04-11 2019-05-30 Nexans Electrical cable with improved resistance to galvanic corrosion
US10734130B2 (en) * 2016-04-11 2020-08-04 Nexans Electrical cable with improved resistance to galvanic corrosion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2083323B1 (es) 1976-06-11
ES196414U (es) 1975-03-01
NL7103501A (es) 1971-09-20
FR2083323A1 (es) 1971-12-17
DE2112452A1 (de) 1971-10-07
CA951393A (en) 1974-07-16
ES196414Y (es) 1975-10-16

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