US3745645A - Method of manufacture and operation of ribbed member for treatment of fibrous suspensions - Google Patents

Method of manufacture and operation of ribbed member for treatment of fibrous suspensions Download PDF

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Publication number
US3745645A
US3745645A US00169182A US3745645DA US3745645A US 3745645 A US3745645 A US 3745645A US 00169182 A US00169182 A US 00169182A US 3745645D A US3745645D A US 3745645DA US 3745645 A US3745645 A US 3745645A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
grooves
ribs
members
tips
treatment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00169182A
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English (en)
Inventor
K Kurth
H Rahmig
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JM Voith GmbH
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JM Voith GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
    • B02C7/11—Details
    • B02C7/12—Shape or construction of discs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4981—Utilizing transitory attached element or associated separate material
    • Y10T29/49812—Temporary protective coating, impregnation, or cast layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y10T29/49993—Filling of opening

Definitions

  • the ribs are made from 1 1/2 to 5 times the normal heighth of ribs on such members, while the grooves between the members are partly filled with a synthetic material solidified in situ in the grooves. As the ribs wear down in operation, the height of the synthetic material in the grooves is reduced to restore the groove depth for efficient operation of the members.
  • the present disclosure relates to a method of making and operating apparatus fortreating fibrous matter, particularly fibrous suspension for use in the manufacture of paper, and is especially concerned with rotary devices, such as refiners.
  • Refiners are well knwon in the art of making paper and are employed for treating afibrous suspension before it is brought to the paper makingmachine to im'-. prove the quality of the paper made from the fibrous suspension.
  • Such refiners comprise a pair of relatively rotatable members each having upstanding bars or ribs thereon, with a relatively small clearance defined between the tips or heads of the bars of the respective members. The fibrous suspension is caused to pass between the members while the members rotate relatively and treatment of the fibrous suspension occurs principally at the tips or heads of the ribs or barson the relatively rotating members.
  • Refiners may take the form of disc type devices in which the relatively rotatable members are in the form of discs with one thereof ordinarily being stationary and the other rotatable.
  • the suspension to be treated is usually introduced through the center of the stationary one of the discs and moves radially outwardly between the discs while the moveable disc rotates and is treated by the bars of the discs and emerges at the peripheral portions of the discs in treated conditions.
  • a cone type refiner which has a stator in the form of a tapering cylindrical member, or frustum of hollow cone, with ribs radially inwardly therefrom.
  • a stator in the form of a tapering cylindrical member, or frustum of hollow cone, with ribs radially inwardly therefrom.
  • a rotor or plug mounted in the stator, coaxially therewith, is a rotor or plug tapered in conformity with the taper of the stator and having ribs or bars projecting radially outwardly therefrom.
  • the suspension is introduced into the small end of the stator and flows axially therethrough while the rotor rotates wtihin the stator and effects treatment of the fibrous suspension at the. tips or heads of the aforementioned bars or ribs.
  • Suspensions of fibers for use in the manufacture of paper webs, and the like are rather abrasive and the tips of the ribs or bars of the stator and rotorof such devicestend to wear down rather rapidly.
  • the ribs or bars are formed on the members of the device by casting them integrally with the respective member and with the ribs or bars tapering outwardly from the tip or head ends thereof to the base end thereof.
  • the ribs or bars have normally been, in heighth, about equal to the width thereof measured at the top or head end. Due to the aforementioned rapid wear of the ribs or bars, such devices wear out rapidly, even though provisions are made for adjustment of the relatively rotatable members of the devices toward and away from each other.
  • the present invention treats the problem of constructingv a fibrous suspension treating devices of the nature referred to, a refiner, for example, so as to have increased useful life while still operating efficiently and at no increase in power by forming the bars or ribs of the relatively rotating members of the device so as to be from 1.5 up to 4 or 5 times as high as the width thereof measured at the outer tip ends, and by partially filling the grooves of the members so that the projecting portion of the ribs or bars and, therefore, the free spacein the grooves, is reduced to that amount which will provide for efiicient operation of the device at no sacrifice of power.
  • the filler material disposed in the grooves will consist of a synthetic material induced into the grooves in some workable form, liquid, for example, or a paste, or a powder and, thereafter, caused to take solid formin the grooves so that the bottom portions of the grooves are effectively filled up.
  • the bars or ribs are located at an angle with respect to the axis of rotation and have a somewhat helical configuration and in this case the grooves are particularly difficult to fill with any preshaped members such as wooden filler and installation of filler members of this nature would also be expensive and time consuming and would represent an impractical approach to the problem.
  • a primary objective of the present disclosure is the provision of a method of making and operating a device for treating fibrous suspensions by means of relatively rotating ribbed members in which the device is constructed so as to have long life, while effecting efficient treatment of the suspension and without excessive use of power.
  • a particular object of the present disclosure is the provision of a method of making and operating a ribbed member of the nature referred to, in which the ribs of the member are formed to greater heighths than have heretofore been known while the grooves betweem the ribs are prevented from exerting a pumping action on the suspension passing through the device and thereby absorbing power.
  • a further object is the provision of a method of making and operating a ribbed member of the nature referred to, which is applicable to known devices.
  • the ribbed members of the devices are cast with the ribs thereof integral with the body thereof and from 1 1/2 to 5 times as high as is customary in the art, while the grooves between the ribs are partly filled with a plastic filler material cured, or hardened, in situ in the grooves.
  • the advantage of the increased heighth of the ribs is that the useful life of the ribbed members is extended substantially in proportion to the increased heighth thereof, namely, substantially from 1 1/2 to 5 times what has been known in the prior art.
  • the advantage of the plastic filler material in the grooves is that the pumping action of the ribbed members on the fibrous material is maintained low so that the power for driving the devices is also maintained rather low, while the fibrous material is simultaneously confined to the region of the tips of the ribs or bars where the actual treatment of the fibers occurs.
  • a still further advantage of the plastic filler material in the grooves is that, when the ribs of the member wear down, this material can be removed from the grooves such as by chiseling the material out if it is a hard thermal setting or curable material, or by melting if it is a thermo plastic material, or through chemical or solvent treatment. All of these removing operations are relatively simple and inexpensive as compared with the problem of removing the wooden filler members of the type referred to above.
  • the plastic filling is removed from the grooves when the ribs or bars wear down and reduces the free depth of the grooves at the top to an amount which causes inefficient action of the device.
  • the plastic filler material can be completely removed and replaced by a similar material in lesser amount to restore the groove depths, or the existing filler material in the grooves can merely be partially removed.
  • the filler material is only partly removed, it is still preferable to supply at least a cover layer of new filler material to the top thereof to provide a smooth surface for the suspension to flow over.
  • An advantage of the plastic filler material introduced into the grooves according to the present invention is that it completely fills the lateral space in the grooves and thus provides lateral support for the ribs or bars of the respective member.
  • the method of the present invention can be practiced with grooves of any shape and dimension, and can be employed in connection with any type of ribbed member.
  • the members may be laid flat and the plastic filler material poured into the grooves in liquid form.
  • the plastic material may also be in the form of a paste and may be applied by spraying, by injection, or by the use of a spatula or blade. This last mentioned method would be preferred in connection with conical members because the paste would not run out of the grooves when inclined to the horizontal.
  • plastic filler material it is also possible to supply the plastic filler material to the grooves in the form of a powder which can then be caused to become molten by the application of heat.
  • the plastic filler material is caused to harden, or solidify, in the grooves so that it becomes substantially an integral part of the respective ribbed member.
  • Some plastic materials such as epoxy resins, are self-curing, or can be cured by heat, while in other cases, the plastic materials are liquid or semi-liquid when in heated condition and become solid when cool.
  • the plastic material is of a hard type, such as epoxy resin or a polyester resin, particularly firm support for the bars or ribs is provided and the bending stress exerted on the bars or ribs at the bases thereof is correspondingly reduced.
  • the plastic filler material may itself be filled with a material such as talcum or other known inexpensive bulk materials commonly employed for expanding plastic material volumetrically and for minimizing shrinking of the plastic material when it solidifies.
  • the advantages obtained are that the material is highly viscous and does not flow in the grooves, but will remain in place even though the grooves are inverted or turned so as to extend vertically.
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary perspective view showing a typical disc plate for a disc refiner
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view through the stator and rotor of a typical cone refiner
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view, drawn at enlarged scale, and taken on line III-III of FIG. 2.
  • the disc plate shown in FIG. 1 is cast from a steel alloy and comprises a body 1 having working area la on the one side formed by the peaks of ribs 2 which are cast integrally with body 1 and which form therebetween grooves 3.
  • the ribs 2 taper outwardly from their outer tip ends to their bottom endsand may be, for example, 4 millimeters in width at their tips, measured in a direction lateral to the length thereof. At the lower ends of the ribs they may be, for exmaple, 6 millimeters in width. In heighth the ribs and, therefore, also the depth of the grooves 3, are about 12 millimeters which is just about 3 times the width of the tips of the ribs.
  • the depth of the grooves is so great as to introduce inefficiencies in respect of suspension treatment and power consumption and for this reason the grooves are partly filled with plastic material 4 in FIG. 1.
  • the grooves are filled from the botton upwardly until the free space in the top of the grooves is about equal to the width of the ribs.
  • the plastic material is introduced into the grooves while it is in a workable condition and is caused to solidify in the grooves so that it is firmly held therein by adherence to the groove surfaces and by interlocking with any surface irregularities in the groove surfaces.
  • the plastic filler material may be in a workable condition when it is a thermo plastic material by virtue of being heated, or it may be in the form of a powder, or a paste, or a liquid. Both thermo plastic and thermal setting resins can be applied to the grooves in the aforementioned manner and also resins which polymerize or cure such as epoxy resins, can be supplied to the grooves in liquid form.
  • the disc type member of FIG. 1 can be placed horizontal and the plastic filler material easily supplied to the grooves by pouring it therein.
  • the plastic material may itself have filler material therein in the form of bulk material such as talcum or the like to augment the volume of the plastic material thereby to reduce the cost thereof.
  • the plastic material is resistant to chemical attack, at least with respect to substances encountered in the treatment of fibrous suspensions to be used for making paper, and an epoxy or polyester resin is particularly advantageous in this respect. Furthermore, such resins become quite hard when cured and do not deteriorate during use of the apparatus.
  • the plastic is either partly or completely removed from the grooves, to restore the free space necessary in the upper ends of the grooves. If, for example, the ribs, when the member is newly cast, are 12 millimeters in heighth, the plastic filler material in the grooves when the apparatus is first placed in use will amount to about 8 millimeters, leaving 4 millimeters free or unfilled space at the top of the grooves.
  • the filler material is removed, either partially or in its entirety, by heating it up to soften it, by dissolving it with solvents, by chemically removing it, or by mechanically removing it as by chipping it out of the grooves.
  • the hard plastics such as epoxy or polyester resin are preferably chipped from the grooves because they are extremely hard and chemically resistant.
  • Thermal setting resins are also preferably chipped out of the grooves.
  • the plastic filler material may be removed from the grooves until the free space of about 4 millimeters is restored but, preferably, the plastic filler material is removed to beyond this level and new plastic filler material is placed in the grooves up to the level desired.
  • the heighth of the plastic in the grooves is, when the ribs first wear down, reduced from 8 millimeters to 4 millimeters and, subsequently, when the ribs again wear down, is removed completely from the grooves. In this manner substantially 3 times the life is obtained that can be obtained from similar ribbed members made according to the prior art.
  • the rib heighth and the depth of the groove will be only 6 millimeters and the heighth of the plastic filler will be only 2 1/2 millimeters. In this case, when the ribs become worn down an amount equal to about 2 millimeters, the plastic filler is completely removed from the grooves and no second filling of the grooves is carried out.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show a conical refiner in which there is a conical rotor, or plug 10, mounted on a drive shaft 9 to be driven in rotation therewith.
  • Rotor 10 cooperates with a stator 20 fixed in a housing which is not shown.
  • Both rotor or plug 10 and stator 20 are steel alloy castings.
  • Rotor 10 has a peripheral face 11 facing stator 20, and stator 20 has a peripheral face 21 facing rotor 10. These surfaces have upstanding bars 12 and 22, respectively, cast integrally therewith and defining therebetween the grooves 13 and 23, respectively.
  • the grooves 13 and 23 are provided with plastic filling material 14 and 24, respectively, extending from the bottoms of the grooves upwardly to leave a freeor unfilled space at the tops of the grooves about equal in depth to the width of the ribs at their tip ends.
  • the rotatable elements thereof are adjustable to vary the distance between the rotor and-stator of the device and this adjustability is availed of for compensating for wear of the ribs of the rotor and stator which takes place during operation of the apparatus.
  • the method of fabricating and operating an apparatus for the treatment of fibrous suspensions including a pair of relatively rotatable members having surfaces in substantially parallel spaced relation with ribs upstanding from each said surface in distributed relation and forming grooves therebetween, the tips of the ribs on the respective members passing closely by each other as the members rotate relatively and thereby effecting the treatment of fibrous suspension flowing between said members, the said method comprising: forming said ribs to a height within the range of about 1.5 to about 5.0 times the width of the ribs at the tips thereof, filling in the grooves between the ribs from the bottom of the grooves partway up to the tips of the ribs with a plastic filler material which is introduced into said grooves in a workable condition which and is caused to solidify in situ in said grooves, and reducing the height of the filler material in said grooves when the tips of said ribs wear down during use of the apparatus to the point the unfilled portion of the grooves is substantially diminished thereby to restore the unfilled portion of said

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
US00169182A 1968-04-25 1971-08-05 Method of manufacture and operation of ribbed member for treatment of fibrous suspensions Expired - Lifetime US3745645A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681757328 DE1757328B1 (de) 1968-04-25 1968-04-25 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Mahlwerkzeugen fuer Refiner,Defibratoren od.dgl.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3745645A true US3745645A (en) 1973-07-17

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US00169182A Expired - Lifetime US3745645A (en) 1968-04-25 1971-08-05 Method of manufacture and operation of ribbed member for treatment of fibrous suspensions

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3745645A (fi)
AT (1) AT290283B (fi)
DE (1) DE1757328B1 (fi)
FI (1) FI46539C (fi)
FR (1) FR2006879A1 (fi)
GB (1) GB1207655A (fi)
SE (1) SE339787B (fi)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3880368A (en) * 1973-03-12 1975-04-29 Beloit Corp Pulp refiner element
US3921342A (en) * 1973-12-17 1975-11-25 Spitfire Tool & Machine Co Inc Lap plate
US4472241A (en) * 1983-06-15 1984-09-18 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Co-refining of aramid fibrids and floc
US4681270A (en) * 1985-11-08 1987-07-21 Sullivan Corporation Manufactured refining element
US5199657A (en) * 1990-06-12 1993-04-06 Krupp Polysius Ag Roller mill
US5373995A (en) * 1993-08-25 1994-12-20 Johansson; Ola M. Vented refiner and venting process
US5954283A (en) * 1996-04-15 1999-09-21 Norwalk Industrial Components, Llc Papermaking refiner plates
EP1158088A2 (de) * 2000-05-26 2001-11-28 Voith Paper Patent GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung einer Faserstoffsuspension
US20040128817A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-07-08 Werner Lange Method for the manufacture of fillings for utilization in the mechanical processing of aqueous paper fiber stock
US20070084951A1 (en) * 2005-10-13 2007-04-19 Earthtechnica Co., Ltd. Powder processing apparatus and powder processing system
CN102086606A (zh) * 2010-11-26 2011-06-08 蓝星（成都）新材料有限公司 制备合成纤维浆粕的盘磨机磨盘
US9433725B2 (en) 2011-12-23 2016-09-06 Alcon Research, Ltd. Combined coaxial and bimanual irrigation/aspiration apparatus
US9839738B2 (en) 2013-06-06 2017-12-12 Novartis Ag Transformer irrigation/aspiration device

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2524883C2 (de) * 1975-06-04 1984-02-09 Probst & Class Gmbh & Co Kg, 7550 Rastatt Mahlsatzkörper sowie Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE3103512A1 (de) * 1981-02-03 1982-08-26 Hans-Peter 2000 Hamburg Bockwoldt "verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von oel-, wie schweroel- oder leichten heiz-oel-wasser-, insbesondere seewasser-emulsionen und von kohlenstaub-wasser-, insbesondere seewasser-suspensionen mit zur verbrennung geeigneter viskositaet zur einduesung in den heisswindstrom von hochoefen, brennstoffmischanlagen, heiz-kraftwerksanlagen u.dgl."
DE3200666A1 (de) * 1981-02-03 1983-07-21 Hans-Peter 2000 Hamburg Bockwoldt Vorrichtung zur herstellung von oel-, wie schweroel-oder leichten heizoel-wasser-, insbesondere seewasser-emulsionen und von kohlenstaub-wasser-, insbesondere seewasser-suspensionen mit zur verbrennung geeigneter viskositaet zur einduesung in den heisswindstrom von hochoefen, brennstoffmischanlagen, heizkraftwerksanlagen u.dgl.
DE4330882A1 (de) * 1993-09-13 1995-03-16 Klaus Lanner Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Stahl- oder Metallspänen
GB2410258A (en) * 2004-01-20 2005-07-27 David Windsor Hewitt Use of plastic template with tiles, bricks and the like

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2409453A (en) * 1941-07-05 1946-10-15 Bolton John W & Sons Inc Jordan engine lining
US3059863A (en) * 1959-04-06 1962-10-23 Bolton John W & Sons Inc Segmental filling for refiner plugs
US3278127A (en) * 1963-08-16 1966-10-11 Bolton Emerson Jordan plug liner
US3323733A (en) * 1964-08-28 1967-06-06 Fibers Unltd Inc Coaxial disc and cylindrical rotor refining apparatus

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE335040C (de) * 1921-03-26 Alfred Menzel Mahlstein mit Einlagen zwischen den Mahlflaechen
DE932047C (de) * 1951-03-29 1955-08-22 Francois Janssen Muehlstein

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2409453A (en) * 1941-07-05 1946-10-15 Bolton John W & Sons Inc Jordan engine lining
US3059863A (en) * 1959-04-06 1962-10-23 Bolton John W & Sons Inc Segmental filling for refiner plugs
US3278127A (en) * 1963-08-16 1966-10-11 Bolton Emerson Jordan plug liner
US3323733A (en) * 1964-08-28 1967-06-06 Fibers Unltd Inc Coaxial disc and cylindrical rotor refining apparatus

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3880368A (en) * 1973-03-12 1975-04-29 Beloit Corp Pulp refiner element
US3921342A (en) * 1973-12-17 1975-11-25 Spitfire Tool & Machine Co Inc Lap plate
US4472241A (en) * 1983-06-15 1984-09-18 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Co-refining of aramid fibrids and floc
US4681270A (en) * 1985-11-08 1987-07-21 Sullivan Corporation Manufactured refining element
US5199657A (en) * 1990-06-12 1993-04-06 Krupp Polysius Ag Roller mill
US5373995A (en) * 1993-08-25 1994-12-20 Johansson; Ola M. Vented refiner and venting process
US5954283A (en) * 1996-04-15 1999-09-21 Norwalk Industrial Components, Llc Papermaking refiner plates
EP1158088A3 (de) * 2000-05-26 2003-01-22 Voith Paper Patent GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung einer Faserstoffsuspension
EP1158088A2 (de) * 2000-05-26 2001-11-28 Voith Paper Patent GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung einer Faserstoffsuspension
US7169258B2 (en) 2000-05-26 2007-01-30 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Process and a fluffer device for treatment of a fiber stock suspension
US20040128817A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-07-08 Werner Lange Method for the manufacture of fillings for utilization in the mechanical processing of aqueous paper fiber stock
US7263755B2 (en) 2002-12-13 2007-09-04 Voith Patent Gmbh Method for the manufacture of fillings for utilization in the mechanical processing of aqueous paper fiber stock
US20070084951A1 (en) * 2005-10-13 2007-04-19 Earthtechnica Co., Ltd. Powder processing apparatus and powder processing system
US8136750B2 (en) 2005-10-13 2012-03-20 Earthtechnica Co., Ltd. Powder processing apparatus and powder processing system
CN102086606A (zh) * 2010-11-26 2011-06-08 蓝星（成都）新材料有限公司 制备合成纤维浆粕的盘磨机磨盘
CN102086606B (zh) * 2010-11-26 2013-02-13 蓝星（成都）新材料有限公司 制备合成纤维浆粕的盘磨机磨盘
US9433725B2 (en) 2011-12-23 2016-09-06 Alcon Research, Ltd. Combined coaxial and bimanual irrigation/aspiration apparatus
US9839738B2 (en) 2013-06-06 2017-12-12 Novartis Ag Transformer irrigation/aspiration device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI46539B (fi) 1973-01-02
AT290283B (de) 1971-05-25
FI46539C (fi) 1973-04-10
FR2006879A1 (fi) 1970-01-02
DE1757328B1 (de) 1971-05-06
SE339787B (fi) 1971-10-18
GB1207655A (en) 1970-10-07

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