US2633778A - Removable grinding lining for jordan engines - Google Patents

Description

April 7, 1953 H. D. STUCK REMOVABLE GRINDING LINING FOR JORDAN ENGINES Filed Nov. 27, 1948 2 SHEETS-SHEET l a M I NM IN V EN TOR.

ATTORNEYS April 7, 1953 H. D. STUCK- REMOVABLE GRINDING LINING FOR JORDAN ENGINES 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Filed Nov. 27, 1948 ill guunuuu F H INVENTOR.

ATTORNE YJ Patented Apr. 7, 1953 REMOVABLE GRINDING LINING FOR JORDAN ENGINES Harold D. Stuck, Andover, Mass, assignor to John W. Bolton & Sons, Inc., Lawrence, Mass, a corporation of Massachusetts Application November 27, 1948,;Serial No. 62,297

8 Claims.

- This invention relates to the type of Jordan engines in which instead of knives, bars, and separators, the shell and the plug are both provided with abrasive grinding members between which the stock travels and by which the stock is'ground. x

The purpose of this device is to provide Jordan plugs and shells with replaceable and removable grinding or abrasive members, preferably supported in pockets formed on-a stainless steel backing, such members being sticks of a suitable abrasive material which can beslipped end to end into such pockets formed longitudinally along'the inside of the conical face of a Jordan shell'or along the outside of the conical face or jacket of a Jordan plug, such pockets being formed by fences, the sides of which converge laterally or radially from base to apex while the void spaces between such pockets converge longitudinally or axially from the large to the small end but diverge laterally or radially. 1 Thersticks of abrasive material can be slipped into these pockets, and are then preferably held in place by an alloy or metal of relatively low fusibility such as Cerro-Matrix, a .lead and bismuth alloy, with antimony which melts at less than 400 Fah., and is .poured in between the grinding member sticks and the side fences of each pocket.

When it is desired to replace the sticks, the fusible material is melted out and the sticks are removed and replaced by others. Preferably these sticks are of a special shape, having substantially straight sides with a narrow waist between top and bottom bulges of different widths.

In some cases, the fences and sticks can be of other shapes and a different holding material can be used.

The assembly can be made new and complete as a plug jacket or shell lining and an old plug or shell can be repaired by turning down is convex or concave surface, if necessary, and then slipping on or in a completeassembled jacket or lining, preferably all of stainless steel, with longitudinal fences forming pockets with braces between the pockets.

A lining for a shell or'j'acket for a plug can be forced into a shell or onto a plug after the usual bars, knives and separators have merely been removed without turning down the body of the plug or shell, as a complete lining of-my construction can be pushed into a shell or pulled onto 'alplug of certain types as will be explained. There are two principal advantages-to my de- 2 vice. Any of the bodily removable shell linings or plug jackets made up of knives and separators can be replaced by a bodily removable grinding lining or jacket of my construction or vice versa so that thereby the respective linings or jackets are interchangeable. In addition the knives and separators of many non-bodily-removable linings or jackets can be removedand replaced by a bodily removable grinding lining or jacket. I

When the grinding or abrasive members wear down to an inefficient condition, thelining or jacket assembly can be removed, the metal of low fusibility can be melted and run off, new grinding members put in place andset or fixed in place by pouring in more fusible metal.

The sticks are slightly spiralled rather than parallel with the axis of the plug or shell so that the grinding surface of each line of sticks held between two parallel fences will be twisted rather than in the same flat plane. This gives a scissors shearing effect much desired and prevents stoppages due to seizing or locking of the members.

The fences are substantially parallel, although they may conveniently be slightly spiral and the sticks preferably, as a long grinding unit, will have a greater spiral.

However, both fences and sticks may be in planes which run through the axis of the Jordan.

The grinding or abrasive member of my device are of greater height than the fences in order that the plug may be moved longitudinally as the surfaces wear down without danger of the adjacent free edges of the metal fences on lining and jacket coming in contact with each other.

The braces between the fences of my device are circumferential and located in the voids between pockets. In this position they act as dams to interrupt the flow of the stock as is desirable during the grinding operation,'to prevent a fsluicing action and to insure that all the stock is ground. These dams are importantbecause the voids are channels, between fences, which diverge. from the small to the large end and. the centrifugal pump action of the rapidly revolving plug would tend to create too much flow longitudinally, and not enough flow of the stock between the working faces of the grind ing members of the plug and shell. These dams and the spiral arrangements of the pocketsand of the sticks partly counteract such sluicing" tendency.

The sticks are roughly of keystone shape in crosssection, with all parts curved to avoid breakage and with a narrow grinding face and a broad grinding face. The wide face forms the outer grinding surface of the plug jacket and the narrow face forms the inner grinding surface of the shell lining to achieve a balanced grinding and causing both jacket and lining to wear out eveninly both radially and longitudinally. Only one size of stick is necessary for both shell lining and plug jacket, thus lowering repair and manufacturing cost.

My bodily removable linings in any form can take the place of the present solid grinding linings which are cast or moulded and then turned to size. These solid grinding linings are very expensive and if such an old type of lining is of the wrong material or has flaws, it must be en tirely thrown away and replaced by a new lining while all or some of the grinding sticks or members of my linings can be replaced, interchanged or the old sticks can be removed and new ones of a different consistency can be put in their place.

Moreover my complete lining can be substituted for another of the same kind but with different sticks or, as stated, for a lining of metal bars and separators.

The holding material should be of a kind to shrink as little as possible when hardening. My preferred type of abrasive stick for my grindin members is made with straight sides and a narrow waist between bulges of different widths which can be extruded and used in the plug or shell, I believe such a reversible stick is new and patentable as an article of merchandise as well as the complete removable lining including such sticks or sticks of other shapes, each stick having a rib, ribs, or other projections or recesses on one or both sides to form holding means for fusible metal.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is an isometric diagram from the large end of a shell lining showing unfilled pockets between the fences.

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of a plug partly in section with a plug jacket having pockets between the fences filled with grinding members and also showing how my attaching ring draws the jacket onto a plug.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a shell lining in a shell with grinding members in the pockets. It also shows one of the holes for a bolt, not shown, by which the lining is fixed in place inside a Jordan shell.

Fig. 4 is a side elevational view of a plug jacket with the grinding members in place in the pockets. It also shows the preferred angular relation of the fences to the axis of the lining.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view similar to Fig. 1, illustrating the preferred angular displacement of the fences in a shell and with dotted lines indicating that a shell may be lined with a plurality of lining sections.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary diagrammatic partly sectional View showing the relation between the grinding members on the plug jacket and in the shell lining when fixed in place and after the top and bottom faces are turned down.

Fig. '7 is an isometric view of two of my grinding sticks end to end as they are in a pocket to form a grinding member before the fusible metal is poured into the pocket and with the final shape of the faces diagrammatically indicated by dotted lines after the members are turned down in the complete lining assembly.

Fig. 81 is a fragmentary transverse sectional elevation showing how my jacket or lining can be 4 slipped on over a slotted plug of a well known type.

Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional view at the end of a stick of a modified form in place with the fences, filling and backing shown in section.

Fig. 10 is a transverse sectional view similar to Fig. 8 of a modified type of fences, pocket and grinding member.

Fig. 11 is an end elevational view of part of a plug jacket or lining showing the dams forming a pulling ring and studs or bolts.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary sectional view on a plane through the axis of a plug such as shown in Fig. 8, showing the pulling ring, studs, nuts and disk at the large end of such a plug but exaggerating thefl-at faces and edges.

This alsoshows how the jacket protects the whole of the plug surface and the slots from wear so that the jacket can be removed and the old or new bars can be reinstalled with new separators.

Fig.1 is an isometric diagram of a shelllining before it is filled with an inside concave surface La large end 2, and a small end 3.

What I will call-an inside grindinglining for a shell .8 has a backing F as doesalso an outside grinding lining or jacket to fit on a plugsuch as T or H.

In both cases there are a plurality of barsor fences B which extend lengthwise and project in nearly longitudinal planes either from the concave side for a shell. or the convex side for a plug. In either case the base edges 5 of the bars. are welded as at 7 to the concave or convex face of the backing F so as to form pockets P; The base edges 5 and free edges 6 of the bars B of these pockets are all substantially parallel with each other and the bars converge laterally to form long pockets each of which is wider atits base than at its apex or opening and there are voids V between the pockets.

As the plug and shell surfaces are conicaLthe base and free edges of bars or fences B must be on a slight curve and preferably instead of making the pockets in planes passing through the axis of the Jordan, they are made at slight longitudinal angles therewith, those of the'plug slop ing in one direction and of the shell in the opposite direction to produce a slight spiralling which helps to create a shearing action .and to prevent seizing. See Figs. 4 and 5.

In the drawings Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of a plug T of the usual type with a surface H which is smooth and with a large end 12 and a small end 13 and with a lining or jacket assembly in place.

Preferably in the voids V are a plurality :of brace members A which are arranged in planes radial to the axis, and are welded at 8 to the face of the backing and at 9 to the adjacent bars.

The adjacent faces of'the voids diverge'laterally while those of the pockets converge.

Having built up the holdingor permanent part of thegrinding lining or jacket, I- then introduce end to end in each pocket a plurality of grinding members G each of which is formed as a'stick and is made of any suitable abrasive .material with the longitudinal lines of all top,.side and bottom faces parallel and with a large bulge 22 and a small bulge 2| with a narrow waist 20 between them, thereby leaving a-wide grinding face 24 and a narrow grinding face 23, as see Fig. 7.

Grinding members G of this construction can be used with the wide bulge 22 on theinside of a shell liningpocket so that 23 will be the opasserts:

ratingface while with a plug jacket 'or 'outside lining, the face 24 can be outside, thereby leaving less open space in the voids.

' After the sticks Gare in position end. to end, as shown in Figs. 2 to 4, a metal alloy N such as Germ-Matrix, Babbitt, or some other metal of low'fusibiliity is pouredin to lock the sticks in position in their respective pockets as shown in Fi 6. r e

Preferably the backing F and the bars or fences B as well as the braces are made of stainless steel and there is preferably formed at the large we" r Many plugs have rings cast on them and bands shrunk onto-the rings andin-repairing plugs, it

end of each pluga stainless steel ring indicated is necessary to turn them down so that'the jacketcan' beslippedon and will fit. 1 i

-' In Fig. 8 is shown a detail of a plug as shown in the Bolton Patent No. 1,829,630 of October 27th, 1931, on Paper Making Roll and Process of Covering It," with the bars and separators shown in that patent removed and a lining or jacket assembly of my construction which takes the place or the original bars and separators.

To hold the melted filling of fusible alloy or other such material indicated by M and N, I provide dams 56, Figs- 3 and 4, at each end of each pocket. These dams cc also serve the purpose of building up end rings such as D and Di, especially for the jacket of therplug. .As shown in Fig. 11 each darn 59 is of keystone shaped metal which iswelded as at 52tothe backing F and inside the ends of the adjoining bars or fences B, thus forming with the ends of the'bars a continuous ring.

The procedure is to form a backing F, preferably ofsheet metal and also preferably of stainless steel and to then weld the bars B to F to form pockets P and voids V and also to weld in place the brace members A where needed in the voids. The dam pieces 5!: are also welded to the bars at 5| and to the backing at 52 to form five sided pockets, the ones at the large end of the plugserving also as part of the pulling ring D as shown in Fig. 12.

The grinding members G are now by a sideways motion, slipped into their respective pockets at the top. The remaining space in each of the pockets P is then filled substantially to its top with the fusible melted material of relatively low fusibility and when all the pockets are filled and the fusible material has hardened with the grinding faces of the sticks projecting above the fences L, the entire assembly F, B, G is placed in a suitable lathe and the faces of members G, G, which are exposed are accurately out so that when on the plug, they willbe convex of the right curve, and those in the shell will be concave also of the right curve as shown by the full lines in Figs. 6, 8, 9, and dotted in Fig. '7.

We find thatthe grinding members can be molded in various Ways but if of suitable material, they-can be extruded.

As before indicated, a cross section of the preferred shape of sticks is substantially of keystone shape and in most cases they can be so apportioned that when assembled in a given Jordan, the actual grinding faces between the plug and shell will have the best and most efficient areas.

which disk projects beyond the circumference being so wide that it laps much over the fences A shell lining can have bolt or screw holes 30, Fig. 3, to register with the usual holes in a shell for the anchor bar used inmost shells, to prevent the shell'lining from turning.

As shown in Fig. 10,- fences L, L," for each pocket can be used, each with a flange or holding means 4'5 extendinginwardly from each adjoining face while the grinding members I are substantially rectangular in cross section and have holding means shown as beads M.- 'When suitable moltenmaterial M of low fusibility such as sulphur or babbitt is poured between means 44, and 45, the

fences'and grinding members are locked together.-

The backing such as F and fences or bars B may be of desired thickness and if strong enough, all brace members such as A can be omitted.

As the grinding material such as vitrified or baked silicon carbide known as Carborundum. emery and'others, is inclined to be brittle, the grinding sticks should be closely held in place by the holding material and bars so that there will be no chance of rattlin nor free play but only the steady abrasive action between the plug and shell.

As shown in Figs. 11 and 12, when a plug jacket is to be put in place, andthe nuts 3? on bolts or studs 36 are turned up, there will be a space 55 left between them and disk K and this preferably is closed up by a filling E of the same or a similar material to that indicated by M and N.

Preferably also at the small end a rubber or, other suitable elastic ring R is put in place to protect the small end of the plug. The disk' K is actually a flat ring and preferably covers and protects the entire large end of the plug, the filling E2 and nuts 31 making a water tight joint.

As shown, disk K is fastened to the plug T by cap screws 38 and as the shanks of the pulling screws 36 pass snugly through the holes 35 and are anchored to the jacket assembly, these screws serve the double purpose of creating great friction between the lining assembly and the surface of the plug T, and also look the lining assembly from turning on the plug.

On the type of plug H such as shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 12, where the truncated conical face is actually polygonal being made up of many flat faces [6 with straight edges I! between them. the pulling by screws 36 slightly distorts backing F enough to increase the friction between the outer face of plug H and the jacket assembly at all theedges if the entire length of the plug so that the assembly is actually looked in place against any normal or abnormal force.

This method of pulling a jacket or lining on a plug and looking it in place is the subject of another application to ,be copending herewith,

. As shown in Fig. 5, a continuous ring W can be welded to the ends of bars B and to backing F instead of dams 56 being welded between the bars as shown in Fig. 11.

The angle of the pockets and therefore of the grinding members on the plug can 'be from right 7. to. left. instead of from. left to'right, as, indicated forthe shellinFig. 5., to get a shearing action.v

If .eachxof such angles is fifteen degrees with reference to radial planes runningthrough the axis of the linings, it will amount to thirty degrees, shear which is roughly the angle between thev usual bent knives of a shell and the straight bars of av plug.

The greater width of the. outer faces 2d of the plug sticks G than the inner faces 23 of the shell sticks G, see Fig. 6, might give a greater grinding siu'face in the aggregate than in the shell except that when starting, .part of'the large end of the plug projects beyond the ends. of the grinding members (or knives) .in a shell and they plug is pushed in from time. totime to take, up wear.

.I claim:

1. A bodily removable lining member to fit the surface of and for attachment to the truncated conical body with a. large end and a small end of a Jordan engine plug or shell, comprising a backingto fit such surface'and a plurality of pairs of metal bars forming fences projecting. in substantially longitudinal planes from and fastened to the backing to. form pockets with sides which converge laterally and with their base and freeedges all substantially parallel with each other, the spaces between the pockets forming spaces with sides which converge longitudinally from the large towards the small end but diverge laterally and grinding members consisting of sticks all of the same size and shape of abrasive material with longitudinal sides of which all the lines are straight and parallel with each other positioned in each pocket and fastened, in place therein.

2. A bodily removable lining member to fit surface of and for attachment to the truncated conical body of a. Jordan engineplug or shell comprising a backing to fit such surface and a plural ity of pairs of metal bars forming fences projecting in substantially longitudinal planes from and fastened to the backing to form pockets, the spaces between the pockets having sides which converge longitudinally from the large towards the small end andgrinding members consisting of sticks all of the same size and shape of abrasive material positioned. in each pocket and fastened in place therein so as to project therefrom.

.3. Abodily removable lining member to fit the surface of. and for attachment to the truncated conical body of a Jordan engine plug comprising a backing-to fit such surface and a plurality .of pairs of metal bars forming fences projecting in substantially longitudinalplanes from and fastened to the backing to form pockets with Sides which converge laterally and with their base and free edges all substantially parallel with each other, the spaces between the pockets having sides which converge longitudinally from the large towards the small end but diverge laterally, and grinding members consisting of sticks of abrasive material positioned in each pocket and fastened in place therein by fusible metal so as to project therefrom.

4. A bodily transportable lining for the shell of a Jordan engine comprising a frusto-conical backing, a plurality of inwardly projecting pock ets formed by pairs of fences attached to the backin spaced around the inner surface of the backing in substantially spiral lines, and a plurality of elongated abrasive sticks all of the same size and shape mounted in said pockets.

5. A bodily transportable lining for the plug of a Jordan engine comprising a frusto-conical 8. backing, a plurality of outwardly projecting pockets formed by pairs of fences attached to the backing spaced around the outer surface of the backing in substantially spiral lines, and a plurality of elongated abrasive sticks all of the same size and shape mounted in said pockets.

6. A stick of abrasive material for use as part of a lining for a Jordan engine member formed with sides, the longitudinal lines of which are all parallel with each other, each stick being formed with a top and a bottom bulge of different widths and with a narrow waist between them, the lateral cross sections of each stick being the same.

7. A Jordan engine comprising a bodily removable shell lining having a plurality of elongated axial pockets, each formed by a pair of fences. which are equally spaced longitudinally and converge laterally, the pairs of, fences being spaced around the inner surface thereof in spiral lines; a bodily removable plug jacket having a plurality of elongated axial pockets each formed by a pair of fences which are. equally spaced longitudinally and converge laterally, the pairs, of fences :being spaced around the outer surface inspiral lines CI'OSSiIlg the spiral lines of the pocketsv in the shell lining; and a plurality of elongated abrasive sticks, each of a uniform cross. sectionmounted end to end in said pockets, each stick having a broad grinding surface for use on the outer side of the jacket and a narrow grinding surface for use on the inside of the lining.

8. The combination witha Jordan engine member having a truncated conical body with a large end and a small end; of a bodily removable lining member to fit the surface thereof consisting of a truncated, conical backing shell to fit such surface and a plurality of pairs of flat'metal bars, forming fences projecting in longitudinal planes from and fastened to the backing to form pockets with sides which converge laterally, and with their base and free edges all parallel to each other, the spaces between the pockets having sides which converge longitudinally from the large end towards the small end of the lining but diverge laterally; a series of brace members arranged in planes which extend circumferentially around the backing between the adjacent pockets and being fastened to the fences and to the backing; grinding members consisting of sticks each throughout its length of the same cross section and made of abrasive material, each formed with bulges of diiferent widths at the top and at the bottom and with a narrow'waist between the top and bottom bulges, such sticks being positioned end to end in each pocket and fastened in place by a metal alloy between its narrow waist and the adjoining fence.

HAROLD D. STUCK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

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