US3698430A - Mixing device for mixing two media with greatly different temperatures - Google Patents

Mixing device for mixing two media with greatly different temperatures Download PDF

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Publication number
US3698430A
US3698430A US843634A US3698430DA US3698430A US 3698430 A US3698430 A US 3698430A US 843634 A US843634 A US 843634A US 3698430D A US3698430D A US 3698430DA US 3698430 A US3698430 A US 3698430A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
mixing
mixing chamber
axial
perforated cylinder
diameter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US843634A
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English (en)
Inventor
Max L G Van Gasselt
Pieter A Van Rijs
Willem J Basting
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Neratoom BV
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Neratoom BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Neratoom BV filed Critical Neratoom BV
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Publication of US3698430A publication Critical patent/US3698430A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C1/00—Reactor types
    • G21C1/02—Fast fission reactors, i.e. reactors not using a moderator ; Metal cooled reactors; Fast breeders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
    • B01F25/3142—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit the conduit having a plurality of openings in the axial direction or in the circumferential direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Gaither Attorney-Hammond & Littell [5 7] ABSTRACT A mixing device for mixing two media of greatly different temperatures, especially for mixing liquid metals such as sodium;'comprising a cylindrical mixing chamber having an axial inlet conduit and an inlet conduit connected transversely to the wall of the mixing chamber for the media to be mixed, and also an axial outlet conduit, wherein a perforated cylinder is positioned concentrically inside the mixing chamber, this cylinder forming the wall of the mixing part proper, and also wherein the axial inlet conduit is conically contracted, at the place where it is connected to the mixing chamber, to a diameter which is smaller than the diameter of the perforated cylinder and the diameter of the perforated cylinder is at least equal to the diameter of the axial inlet conduit before its contraction, and wherein furthermore there are an nular spaces around the axial inlet and outlet conduits where they are connected with the mixing chamber, which communicate via relatively small ports with the inlet conduit and outlet conduit at one side and with the mixing chamber at the other side.
  • the invention relates to a mixing device for mixing two media with greatly different temperatures, especially for mixing liquid metals such as sodium in loops of nuclear reactor circuits, comprising a mixing chamber with inlet conduits for the two media to be mixed and an outlet conduit, this mixing chamber consisting of a substantially cylindrical housing with inlet conduits connected to one of the axial ends of this housing and transversely to the wall of this housing respectively, the outlet conduit being at the other axial end and a circumferentially perforated cylinder being positioned concentrically at some distance inside this housing in open communication with the two inlet conduits and the outlet conduit.
  • Such a mixing device is known for mixing two media with different pressures.
  • This mixing device is, however, unsuitable for various reasons for mixing media with greatly different temperatures, such as for instance sodium flows in loops of nuclear reactor circuits.
  • the material and the construction of the mixing device have to satisfy particularly high standards.
  • Such an embodiment gives an unfavorable flow field in the mixing part proper with an unstable flow during mixture of the media.
  • this known mixing device when mixing media with greatly different temperatures, this known mixing device will be subject to a considerable extent to thermal shocks resulting from excessive temperature variations at various places at the walls and at the location of the common junctions of these walls of the mixing chamber, which makes this mixing device totally unsuitable for the above-mentioned application.
  • the mixing device according to the invention With the mixing device according to the invention the occurrence of thermal stresses resulting from temperature differences and especially the occurrence of rapid temperature variations will remain within certain limits, while the mixing device is moreover stable from the aspect of flow engineering and the pressure loss occurring in the mixer is slight.
  • the mixing device has the feature that the axial inlet conduit at the location of the junction with the mixing chamber conically contracts to a diameter smaller than the diameter of the perforated cylinder and the diameter of the perforated cylinder is at least equal to the diameter of the axial inlet conduit before its conical contraction.
  • the diameter of the perforated cylinder of the mixing device is made at least equal to the diameter of the axial iniet conduit before its conical contraction, a regular influx over the entire surface of the perforated cylinder is brought about so that the requisite mixing exists along the entire length of the mixing part.
  • the hot liquid flow will be kept by the cold transverse flow within an imaginary cylinder owing to the damming effect of the transverse flow. Owing to a very strong turbulence within this imaginary cylinder the cold medium is transported further inwards and mixed with the main flow. This prevents the walls of the mixing device alternately coming into contact during mixing with the colder and then the hot medium, and therefore these walls are not subject to thermal shocks resulting from a varying A T across the walls.
  • the axial inlet conduit to the mixing part will be connected before this conical contraction by a continuous wall to the outer jacket outside the periphery of the perforated cylinder.
  • an annular space is formed around this conical contraction, which is bounded by the conical contraction, the continuous wall and the front wall of the mixing part.
  • annular space can be formed also around the axial outlet conduit where it connects with the mixing chamber, and may communicate via relatively small ports with this outlet conduit at one side and with the mixing chamber at the other.
  • the outer wall of these annular spaces will be formed by contractions at the axial ends of the outer wall which connect with the outer wall of the axial inlet and outlet conduits respectively.
  • the mixing device according to the invention thereby presents the advantage that the entire outer wall can be streamlined and formed without any sharp deflections or corners and the component walls can be welded together, and therefore no joins, bolted connections and the like vulnerable to thermal stresses need be applied.
  • the perforated cylinder positioned concentrically in the mixing chamber housing is in fact the only constructional element located in a direct contact zone between the hot and colder media, and hence is subject to thermal stresses.
  • the perforated cylinder is to this end preferably positioned so that it is supported in the mixing chamber housing with a certain amount of play.
  • the length of the mixing part and perforated cylinder respectively, and also the diameter, can be determined so that the resulting pressure distribution guarantees good mixing in the mixing device according to the invention within a wide range of mixture ratios.
  • the mixing device according to the invention presents a solution for the problem of mixing two media with greatly different temperatures and is particularly suitable for application in sodium technology for mixing liquid sodium in loops of nuclear reactor circuits.
  • the accompanying figure shows a longitudinal section of the mixing device.
  • 1 is the mixing part proper of the mixing device with an axial inlet conduit 2 for a hot sodium stream, transversely a tangential inlet conduit 3 for the cold sodium stream and an outlet conduit 4 for the mixed sodium stream.
  • the tangential inlet conduit 3 leads into an annular space 5 formed between wall 6 of the mixing part and a double-walled perforated cylinder 7 concentrically positioned therein.
  • the axial inlet conduit 2 is provided at the location of its connection with the mixing part with a conical contraction 8 and leads into the mixing chamber 1, with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the perforated cylinder.
  • the hot sodium fed in via inlet conduit 2 will flow axially through the mixing part in the direction of the outlet conduit 4 and within the periphery of the perforated cylinder. If a cold sodium stream is fed in simultaneously via the tangential inlet conduit 3, this sodium will primarily fill the annular space 5 in the mixing part and forms as it were a jecket of cold sodium around the hot axially flowing sodium. This cold sodium will next penetrate through the perforations of the inner cylinder and gradually mix with the hot sodium, a temperature gradient thereby being built up radially in this cylinder, which prevents thermal shock stresses occurring in the outer wall owing to rapid temperature variations through alternate contact with hot sodium and then with cold sodium.
  • the wall of the axial inlet conduit 2 at the place where this changes into the conical contraction 8 is continued to the mixing chamber for connection to the cylindrical outer wall 6 of the mixing part at the front side, and thereby forms a cylindrical widening wall section 9, which is joined by means of welded seams 10 and 11 at one side to the axial inlet conduit and at the other to the front side of the outer jacket.
  • the fore front-plate 12 of the mixing part to which the wall of the conical contraction 8 is fixed with a welded seam 13 does not continue to the outer jacket 6, as a result of which an annular gap 14 is formed.
  • This fore front-plate 12 has no mechanical connection with the outer jacket 6.
  • This fore front-plate is also provided with ports 15.
  • the wall of the conical contraction 8 of the axial inlet conduit is furthermore provided with ports 16.
  • the conical contraction 8 is in this way enclosed by an annular space 17 bounded by the wall of the conical contraction 8, the wall section 9, and the fore frontplate 12; this space 17 may thereby communicate via ports 14, 15 and 16 at one side with the axial inlet conduit and at the other with the mixing part.
  • annular space 18 is also formed for the same reasons, this being bounded by the rear front-plate 19, the wall of the outlet conduit 4, and a contracting wall section 20, which is joined by means of welded seams 21 and 22 to the outer jacket and to the wall of outlet conduit 4 respectively.
  • This annular space also communicates via an annular gap 23 and ports 24 made in the wall of the outlet conduit with the mixing part at one side and with the outlet conduit at the other.
  • the annular gaps 14 and 23 may themselves suffice for the necessary replenishment of this space.
  • the cylinder 7 is perforated in both walls and is enclosed with a certain amount of play and freely supported between the flanged edges 25 and 26 welded to the fore and rear front-plates 12 and 19 respectively of the mixing part.
  • a mixing device for mixing two fluid media with greatly different temperatures comprising a mixing chamber with inlet conduits for the two media to be mixed and an outlet conduit, said mixing chamber consisting of a substantially cylindrical housing with inlet conduits connected to one of the axial ends of this housing and transversely to the wall of this housing respectively, the outlet conduit being at the other axial end and a circumferentially perforated cylinder being positioned concentrically at some distance inside this housing in open communication with the two inlet conduits and the outlet conduit and means freely and movably supporting said perforated cylinder in said housing, the said axial inlet conduit at the location of the junction with the mixing chamber having a throat 7 portion which decreases in the direction of the perforated cylinder to a diameter less than the diameter of the perforated cylinder, the diameter of the perforated cylinder being at least equal to the diameter of the throat portion at its entrant end.
  • a mixing device as claimed in claim 1 wherein around the axial inlet conduit where the said inlet has a throat portion decreasing in diameter towards the junction with the mixing chamber there is an annular space communicating via relatively small ports with the throat portion of this inlet conduit at one side and with the mixing chamber at the other.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
US843634A 1968-07-26 1969-07-22 Mixing device for mixing two media with greatly different temperatures Expired - Lifetime US3698430A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6810707A NL6810707A (zh) 1968-07-26 1968-07-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3698430A true US3698430A (en) 1972-10-17

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ID=19804238

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US843634A Expired - Lifetime US3698430A (en) 1968-07-26 1969-07-22 Mixing device for mixing two media with greatly different temperatures

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3698430A (zh)
BE (1) BE736617A (zh)
FR (1) FR2014728B1 (zh)
GB (1) GB1243887A (zh)
NL (2) NL6810707A (zh)

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4202371A (en) * 1964-04-23 1980-05-13 TII Corporation (Telecommunications Industries, Inc.) System for pollution suppression
US4656001A (en) * 1981-02-24 1987-04-07 Stein Industrie Societe Anonyme Device for the homogeneous mixing of liquids flowing at different temperatures
WO2002000334A1 (en) * 2000-06-29 2002-01-03 Statoil Asa Method for mixing fluids
US6341888B1 (en) * 1997-10-14 2002-01-29 Kvaerner Pulping, Ab Apparatus for introduction of a first fluid into a second fluid
US6347883B1 (en) * 1999-01-26 2002-02-19 Kvaerner Pulping Ab Apparatus for adding a first fluid into a second fluid with means to prevent clogging
US20020121350A1 (en) * 2001-02-21 2002-09-05 Metso Paper Inc. Arrangement for mixing flows in papermaking process
US6659635B2 (en) * 1999-01-26 2003-12-09 Kvaerner Pulping Ab Method for introducing a first fluid into a second fluid, preferably introduction of steam into flowing cellulose pulp
EP1368112A1 (en) 2001-02-21 2003-12-10 Metso Paper, Inc. Arrangement for mixing flows in papermaking process
FR2863696A1 (fr) * 2003-12-12 2005-06-17 Framatome Anp Dispositif de melange de deux fluides a des temperatures differentes et utilisation dans un circuit de refroidissement d'un reacteur nucleaire.
US20060087910A1 (en) * 2003-02-15 2006-04-27 Darrell Knepp Water injection method and apparatus for concrete mixer
US8739875B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2014-06-03 Heat On-The-Fly, Llc Water heating apparatus for continuous heated water flow and method for use in hydraulic fracturing
US8950383B2 (en) 2012-08-27 2015-02-10 Cummins Intellectual Property, Inc. Gaseous fuel mixer for internal combustion engine
US9052121B2 (en) 2011-11-30 2015-06-09 Intelligent Energy, Llc Mobile water heating apparatus
US9328591B2 (en) 2012-08-23 2016-05-03 Enservco Corporation Air release assembly for use with providing heated water for well related activities
US20160346744A1 (en) * 2015-06-01 2016-12-01 Cameron International Corporation Apparatus for mixing of fluids flowing through a conduit
US9683428B2 (en) 2012-04-13 2017-06-20 Enservco Corporation System and method for providing heated water for well related activities
US10323200B2 (en) 2016-04-12 2019-06-18 Enservco Corporation System and method for providing separation of natural gas from oil and gas well fluids
US10458216B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2019-10-29 Heat On-The-Fly, Llc Water heating apparatus for continuous heated water flow and method for use in hydraulic fracturing
CN112747256A (zh) * 2019-10-30 2021-05-04 华龙国际核电技术有限公司 一种管道交汇结构及核电站余热排出管道系统
US11066254B1 (en) * 2020-01-17 2021-07-20 Cnh Industrial Canada, Ltd. Distribution ramp for dry agricultural product applicator

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2805576A1 (de) * 1978-02-10 1979-09-06 Interatom Mischvorrichtung fuer fluide von unterschiedlicher temperatur

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US596876A (en) * 1898-01-04 Condenser
US1509718A (en) * 1923-12-10 1924-09-23 Joseph A Depotie Mixing device
DE455957C (de) * 1926-09-21 1928-02-13 Heinrich Silberberg Vorrichtung zum Vermischen von Badewasser mit Luft
CH201065A (de) * 1938-01-29 1938-11-15 Philipp Erb Hahn für Spülzwecke und dergl.
US2631759A (en) * 1947-11-08 1953-03-17 Sinclair Refining Co Slide valve for controlling the flow of suspended solids
CA638695A (en) * 1962-03-20 L. Harris Robert Soot blower and valve therefor
US3420268A (en) * 1967-01-10 1969-01-07 Lily Tulip Cup Corp Apparatus for flowing pressure-flowable food products into a container

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US596876A (en) * 1898-01-04 Condenser
CA638695A (en) * 1962-03-20 L. Harris Robert Soot blower and valve therefor
US1509718A (en) * 1923-12-10 1924-09-23 Joseph A Depotie Mixing device
DE455957C (de) * 1926-09-21 1928-02-13 Heinrich Silberberg Vorrichtung zum Vermischen von Badewasser mit Luft
CH201065A (de) * 1938-01-29 1938-11-15 Philipp Erb Hahn für Spülzwecke und dergl.
US2631759A (en) * 1947-11-08 1953-03-17 Sinclair Refining Co Slide valve for controlling the flow of suspended solids
US3420268A (en) * 1967-01-10 1969-01-07 Lily Tulip Cup Corp Apparatus for flowing pressure-flowable food products into a container

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4202371A (en) * 1964-04-23 1980-05-13 TII Corporation (Telecommunications Industries, Inc.) System for pollution suppression
US4656001A (en) * 1981-02-24 1987-04-07 Stein Industrie Societe Anonyme Device for the homogeneous mixing of liquids flowing at different temperatures
US6341888B1 (en) * 1997-10-14 2002-01-29 Kvaerner Pulping, Ab Apparatus for introduction of a first fluid into a second fluid
US6659635B2 (en) * 1999-01-26 2003-12-09 Kvaerner Pulping Ab Method for introducing a first fluid into a second fluid, preferably introduction of steam into flowing cellulose pulp
US6347883B1 (en) * 1999-01-26 2002-02-19 Kvaerner Pulping Ab Apparatus for adding a first fluid into a second fluid with means to prevent clogging
US20030155436A1 (en) * 2000-06-29 2003-08-21 Nilsen Finn Patrick Method for mixing fluids
WO2002000334A1 (en) * 2000-06-29 2002-01-03 Statoil Asa Method for mixing fluids
US7128276B2 (en) 2000-06-29 2006-10-31 Statoil Asa Method for mixing fluids
CN1302838C (zh) * 2000-06-29 2007-03-07 斯塔特石油公开有限公司 混合流体的方法
US20020121350A1 (en) * 2001-02-21 2002-09-05 Metso Paper Inc. Arrangement for mixing flows in papermaking process
EP1368112A1 (en) 2001-02-21 2003-12-10 Metso Paper, Inc. Arrangement for mixing flows in papermaking process
US6986832B2 (en) 2001-02-21 2006-01-17 Metso Paper Inc. Arrangement for mixing flows in papermaking process
US20060087910A1 (en) * 2003-02-15 2006-04-27 Darrell Knepp Water injection method and apparatus for concrete mixer
FR2863696A1 (fr) * 2003-12-12 2005-06-17 Framatome Anp Dispositif de melange de deux fluides a des temperatures differentes et utilisation dans un circuit de refroidissement d'un reacteur nucleaire.
US8739875B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2014-06-03 Heat On-The-Fly, Llc Water heating apparatus for continuous heated water flow and method for use in hydraulic fracturing
US9575495B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2017-02-21 Heat On-The-Fly, Llc Water heating apparatus for continuous heated water flow and method for use in hydraulic fracturing
US11187067B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2021-11-30 Heat On-The-Fly, Llc Water heating apparatus for continuous heated water flow and method for use in hydraulic fracturing
US10851631B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2020-12-01 Heat On-The-Fly, Llc Water heating apparatus for continuous heated water flow and method for use in hydraulic fracturing
US9442498B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2016-09-13 Heat On-The-Fly L.L.C. Water heating apparatus for continuous heated water flow and method for use in hydraulic fracturing
US10458216B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2019-10-29 Heat On-The-Fly, Llc Water heating apparatus for continuous heated water flow and method for use in hydraulic fracturing
US10451310B2 (en) 2011-11-30 2019-10-22 Intelligent Energy, Llc Mobile water heating apparatus
US9052121B2 (en) 2011-11-30 2015-06-09 Intelligent Energy, Llc Mobile water heating apparatus
US9683428B2 (en) 2012-04-13 2017-06-20 Enservco Corporation System and method for providing heated water for well related activities
US9328591B2 (en) 2012-08-23 2016-05-03 Enservco Corporation Air release assembly for use with providing heated water for well related activities
US8950383B2 (en) 2012-08-27 2015-02-10 Cummins Intellectual Property, Inc. Gaseous fuel mixer for internal combustion engine
US10058828B2 (en) * 2015-06-01 2018-08-28 Cameron International Corporation Apparatus for mixing of fluids flowing through a conduit
US20160346744A1 (en) * 2015-06-01 2016-12-01 Cameron International Corporation Apparatus for mixing of fluids flowing through a conduit
US10323200B2 (en) 2016-04-12 2019-06-18 Enservco Corporation System and method for providing separation of natural gas from oil and gas well fluids
CN112747256A (zh) * 2019-10-30 2021-05-04 华龙国际核电技术有限公司 一种管道交汇结构及核电站余热排出管道系统
US11066254B1 (en) * 2020-01-17 2021-07-20 Cnh Industrial Canada, Ltd. Distribution ramp for dry agricultural product applicator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1937735B2 (de) 1972-06-15
DE1937735A1 (de) 1970-10-01
GB1243887A (en) 1971-08-25
BE736617A (zh) 1970-01-26
FR2014728A1 (zh) 1970-04-17
NL132863C (zh)
NL6810707A (zh) 1970-01-29
FR2014728B1 (zh) 1973-10-19

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