US3692100A - Mobile refrigerator shipping container unit - Google Patents

Mobile refrigerator shipping container unit Download PDF

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Publication number
US3692100A
US3692100A US161153A US3692100DA US3692100A US 3692100 A US3692100 A US 3692100A US 161153 A US161153 A US 161153A US 3692100D A US3692100D A US 3692100DA US 3692100 A US3692100 A US 3692100A
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Prior art keywords
air
unit
water
refrigerant
cooled condenser
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Expired - Lifetime
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US161153A
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English (en)
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George F X Gallagher Jr
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Chiquita Brands LLC
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United Brands Co
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Assigned to CHIQUITA BRANDS, INC., 250 EAST FIFTH STREET, CINCINNATI, OHIO 45202 A CORP. OF DE reassignment CHIQUITA BRANDS, INC., 250 EAST FIFTH STREET, CINCINNATI, OHIO 45202 A CORP. OF DE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: UNITED BRANDS COMPANY
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to COOPERATIEVE CENTRALE RAIFFEISEN - BOERENLEENBANK B.A., "RABOBANK NEDERLAND", NEW YORK BRANCH, AS COLLATERAL AGENT reassignment COOPERATIEVE CENTRALE RAIFFEISEN - BOERENLEENBANK B.A., "RABOBANK NEDERLAND", NEW YORK BRANCH, AS COLLATERAL AGENT SECURITY AGREEMENT Assignors: CHIQUITA BRANDS L.L.C., FRESH EXPRESS INCORPORATED, FRESH INTERNATIONAL CORP., TRANSFRESH CORPORATION
Assigned to TRANSFRESH CORPORATION, FRESH EXPRESS INCORPORATED, CHIQUITA BRANDS L.L.C., FRESH INTERNATIONAL CORP. reassignment TRANSFRESH CORPORATION RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: COOPERATIEVE CENTRALE RAIFFEISEN - BOERENLEENBANK B.A., RABOBANK NEDERLAND, NEW YORK BRANCH, AS COLLATERAL AGENT
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/74—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents
    • B65D88/745—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents blowing or injecting heating, cooling or other conditioning fluid inside the container
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/005—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces in cold rooms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
    • F25D19/003—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors with respect to movable containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/003—General constructional features for cooling refrigerating machinery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25D29/003—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for movable devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/1927—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using a plurality of sensors
    • G05D23/193—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using a plurality of sensors sensing the temperaure in different places in thermal relationship with one or more spaces
    • G05D23/1935—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using a plurality of sensors sensing the temperaure in different places in thermal relationship with one or more spaces using sequential control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2327/00—Refrigeration system using an engine for driving a compressor
    • F25B2327/001—Refrigeration system using an engine for driving a compressor of the internal combustion type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0403—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0411—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the expansion valve or capillary tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21171—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator
    • F25B2700/21172—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator at the inlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21171—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator
    • F25B2700/21173—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator at the outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
    • F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/003—Transport containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/065—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air return
    • F25D2317/0655—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air return through the top
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/066—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air supply
    • F25D2317/0661—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air supply from the bottom
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2400/00—General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
    • F25D2400/02—Refrigerators including a heater

Definitions

  • a mobile refrigerator shipping container unit adapted I for both land and sea shipment has both air-cooled [52] 11.8. C1. ..165/29, 62/323, 62/236, and water-cooled condensers in the refrigeration 62/240, 62/208, 62/211, 62/213, 62/228, system with connections which can be quick coupled 165/64 to ship air exhaust and water circulating systems so [51] Int.
  • the unit has other novel UNITED STATES PATENTS features and controls peculiarly adapted for use in 2,318,858 5/1943 Hornaday ..62/228 Such acomamerunit- 2,793,834 5/1957 l-lermey ..62/323 2,806,674 9 1957 Biehu ..165/29 a 1 1 D'awmg F'gures 2,887,853 5/1959 Talmey ..62/323 2,984,084 5 l 96l 'lialmeym 262/323 PATENTEDSEP 19 m2 SHEET 1 OF 2 FIG I PATENTEBSEP 19 I972 SHEET 2 [IF 2 RISING FALLING TEMPERATURE F TEMPERATURE HOT GAS OFF HOT GAS ON COMPRESSOR ON FIG 3
  • This invention relates to a mobile refrigerator shipping container unit adapted for land and sea transportation of perishable products.
  • the container of this invention is self-contained in the sense that it includes its own power generator and is furnished with powerfrom, or otherwise connected to, external sources only when suitable power or fluid sources are available, as aboard a ship.
  • Therefrigeration system contains both an air-cooled condenser and a water-cooled condenser for selective use of watercooling when water is available as aboard ship or as between containers stowed below the weather deck or lashed above the weather deck where cooler air is available.
  • the containers refrigerator system has adequate capacity to withdraw field heat from a contained load, as of fresh vegetables or fruits, even though thereafter, itis operated only to hold the produce at a given temperature.
  • the power generator has sufficient capacity to provide a rate of air circulation and refrigeration within the container which can accomplish timely extraction of field heat.
  • Suitable controls both hand set and automatic are incorporated as will hereinafter be described one feature of the controls being a step thermostat for preventing short cycling of the refrigerator compressor by controlling opening and closing of a hot gas solenoid valve.
  • thermostatic by-pass valve to by-pass from the compressor around the condensers to the evaporator of the refrigerator system.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded diagrammatic view in cross section of a mobile container unit of the invention in close juxtaposition to certain fixed sources of supply of standard 40 foot X 8 foot X 8% foot size for carriage on a trailer, flat car or stacked with other units in the hold or on deck of a ship. All the mechanism is within the confines of and at one end of the casing.
  • a cargo of ventilatedboxes are stowed in the cargo compartment 12 which is air tight except for a bottom front air delivery inlet 16 and a top return outlet shown at 18.
  • the bottom of the cargo compartment has a floor design of a known type which forms air .distribution ducts beneath the cargo for .directing circulating air up through the boxes uniformly.
  • the machinery compartment 14 hasthree chambers, the top:one of which 20 contains two fans 22andi24 (FIG. 2) and an evaporator 26 :of a refrigeration system.
  • Thefans are capable of forming astatic head of a fraction of 1 inch H O to overcome high density product stowage.
  • Thefan :24 suction chamber has as shown, an inlet 28 leading from theatmospheric air for admitting fresh air to the closed refrigerated airsystem and an outlet duct 30 leads into the central chamber 32 so that vitiated air can be removed from the closed circulating air system and directed downwardly to aid in cooling the condenser 34 ofthe refrigerating system.
  • the evaporator 26 has a refrigerant return line 36 running to a compressor 38.
  • the refrigerant delivery line 40 of the compressor runs to :theair-cooled condenser 34 and thence tothe water-cooled condenser 42 andthe condensed refrigerant now in liquid formthen runs upwardlythrough a dryer 44, an expansion valve 46 and a heat exchanger 48to the evaporator 26.
  • a bypass line 50 runsoff the condenser delivery line 40 to a point beyond the expansion valve-46 and is shown as ineluding a solenoid valve 52 a thermostatic valve 54 and a delivery line 56.
  • a water inlet 60 and a water outlet 62 lead to the exterior of the unit so that with the use of quick connecting couplings the fixed water line 64 and fixed exhaust water line 66 may be quickly connected to the water cooled condenser 42.
  • the inlet and outlet connections are so designed as to be self draining when disconnected, to avoid freezing difficulties should the unit encounter sub-freezing weather.
  • the fan 68 which exhausts air, reaching it through side openings 69 (FIG. 2), through the air cooled condenser and out theforward end of the unit, can be connected into the exhaust system of a ship as through a flexible connecting pipe 70.
  • 72 represents an air inlet such as is found between decks in a ship.
  • An air temperature sensor is shown in the return duct of the refrigerated air system and another sensor 82 is shown in thedelivery duct of thatsystem. These are both connected to a step-thermostat 84 which operates the compressor automatically activated by the set value of the step-thermostat. Above 32 F. the delivery air duct sensor 82 controls and below 32 F. the return air duct sensor 80 controls depending upon whether the cargo requires an average storage temperature or whether, as in the cases of bananas the storage temperature is really critical, i.e., 58 F.
  • the bottomchamber 86 of the forward compartment contains an internal combustion diesel engine power generator 88, together with an associated fuel tank 89 (FIG. 2).
  • the particular internal combustion engine shown is liquid cooled for which purpose a radiator 90 is exposed to the outside atmosphere and is also provided with a fan (not shown) operated from the diesel engine.
  • 91 indicates electric connections for plugging in an external source of electricity when the diesel is not operating.
  • the unit In operation then, taking for example a shipment of bananas from the tropics to a cold climate during the winter, the unit is brought by a container chassis hitched to the forward mechanism end of the unit to the banana plantation where the bananas are loaded in boxes and stowed in the cargo compartment in relatively tight relation because the boxes are apertured.
  • the diesel engine energizes the electric motors of fans 22 and 24 to start air circulation with the air being cooled as soon as the evaporator 26 reaches a temperature lower than that of the return air.
  • the cargo is thus transported to ship side and if the cargo has reached its holding temperature, it is lowered below decks and may be connected to the ship exhaust air supply 70 and to the ships water supply through the connections 60 and 62 and to the ships electric power system, the diesel engine being stopped. Exhausting the air in the ships air exhaust system is necessary in the case of bananas to prevent accumulation of harmful gases below decks.
  • the cargo is then brought by ship to temperate climates whereupon the air exhaust system 70 is disconnected as is the water system of the ship, and the container is unloaded, the diesel engine is started and the cargo can then be carried to its destination as on a rail road car or by truck trailer.
  • the by-pass conduit under automatic control for conducting refrigerant around the air condenser 34 and the water condenser 42 to a point beyond the expansion valve 46 and directly into the heat exchanger 48.
  • This by-pass is utilized as indicated in FIG. 3.
  • the mechanism has an adjustable set value.
  • the control turns the compressor on as the sensed temperature reaches a half a degree above the set value.
  • the by-pass is opened to reduce the refrigerating capacity until the temperature has risen another half a degree to one degree above the set value at which time the by-pass is cut out while the compressor remains on.
  • the by-pass will however be reopened as the temperature falls to a half a degree above the set value and before the compressor shuts down and both the by-pass will be closed and the compressor will be shut down as the falling temperature reaches the set value.
  • Electric heaters 92, 93 and 94 are placed in the air return duct to be sequentially energized if the temperature falls below the set value.
  • One segment of heater becomes active at 1 F. below the set value, two segments become active at 2 F. below the set value and three segments become active at 3 F. below the set value, as indicated in FIG. 3.
  • two compressors or multiple compressor cylinders may be used in the refrigerator system with one being cut out before the other on a falling temperature cycle and being cut in before the other on a rising temperature cycle.
  • a mobile refrigerator shipping container unit of regular rectilinear overall shape having within its confines refrigerating means including a water-cooled condenser for refrigerant circulating in said refrigerating means, an air-cooled condenser for said circulating refrigerant, anexpansion valve, a compressor and an evaporator,
  • a fan for exhausting air from around said air-cooled condenser to extract heat from said refrigerant and discharge the heat-laden air to the outside atmosphere
  • inlet and outlet connections on the exterior of said unit for selectively directing a flow of water into and out of said water-cooled condenser to extract heat from said refrigerant and discharge the heatladen water outside said unit
  • a vent for bleeding air from said closed system ducts and a single power generator for driving said compressor and said fans.
  • a mobile refrigerator shipping container unit as claimed in claim I having a temperature sensor adjacent the delivery inlet of said closed system ducts and a temperature sensor adjacent the return outlet of said closed system ducts for regulating the operation of said compressor responsive to the temperature sensed by one or the other of said sensors.
  • a mobile refrigerator shipping container unit as claimed in claim 1 having a by-pass conduit for conducting the refrigerant in said refrigerating means around said condensers and said expansion valve, and means for opening said by-pass conduit to bleed refrigerant therethrough responsive to a rise in air temperature, at a given point in said unit, a set number of degrees above a set value and for closing said by-pass conduit responsive to a further rise in said temperature to a fixed higher level and for opening said by-pass conduit as the temperature at said point falls to said set number of degrees and for closing said by-pass when said falling temperature reaches the said set value.
  • a mobile refrigerator shipping container unit as claimed in claim 1 having means for progressively increasing the capacity of said refrigerating means as the temperature at a given point in said unit rises above a set value and for progressively reducing said refrigeration capacity as the temperature at said given point falls to said set value and also having electric heaters in said air circulating system and means for activating said heaters sequentially as the temperature at said given point falls below the set value.
  • a mobile refrigerator shipping container unit of regular rectilinear overall shape having within its confines refrigerating means including a water-cooled condenser for refrigerant circulating in said refrigerating means, an air-cooled condenser for said circulating refrigerant, an expansion valve, a compressor and an evaporator,
  • inlet and outlet connections on the exterior of said unit for selectively directing a flow of water into and out of said water-cooled condenser to extract heat from said refrigerant and discharge the heatladen water outside said unit
  • radiator for liquid coolant exposed to the outside atmosphere, for driving said compressor and said fans.
  • a mobile refrigerator shipping container unit of regular rectilinear overall shape having within its confines refrigerating means including a water-cooled condenser for refrigerant circulating in said refrigerating means, an air-cooled condenser for said circulating refrigerant, an expansion valve, a compressor and an evaporator,
  • a condenser fan for exhausting air from around said air cooled condenser to extract heat from said refrigerant and discharge the heat-laden air to the outside atmosphere
  • inlet and outlet connections on the exterior of said unit for selectively directing a flow of water into and out of said water-cooled condenser to extract heat from said refrigerant and discharge the heatladen water outside said unit
  • a two speed fan motor to minimize the energy required on shipboard a vent for admitting a controlled quantity of fresh air to said closed system ducts a vent for bleeding a controlled quantity of vitiated air from said closed system ducts a single power generator for driving said compressor and said fans.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
US161153A 1971-07-09 1971-07-09 Mobile refrigerator shipping container unit Expired - Lifetime US3692100A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16115371A 1971-07-09 1971-07-09

Publications (1)

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US3692100A true US3692100A (en) 1972-09-19

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US (1) US3692100A (it)
JP (1) JPS5527273B1 (it)
AU (1) AU470816B2 (it)
BE (1) BE785227A (it)
BR (1) BR7204099D0 (it)
CA (1) CA958553A (it)
DE (1) DE2224426C2 (it)
FR (1) FR2145475B1 (it)
GB (1) GB1348466A (it)
IL (1) IL39458A0 (it)
IT (1) IT958487B (it)
NL (1) NL171924C (it)
YU (1) YU34165B (it)
ZA (1) ZA723342B (it)

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DE2557334A1 (de) * 1974-12-24 1976-07-08 Thermo King Corp Kuehlanlage
EP0018661A1 (de) * 1979-05-05 1980-11-12 G + H MONTAGE GmbH Frachtschiff mit Decks und Kühlanlage, sowie Trailer hierfür
EP0060724A2 (en) * 1981-03-17 1982-09-22 Sea Containers Limited Cargo refrigeration
US4356702A (en) * 1979-12-10 1982-11-02 Transfresh Corporation Transportation of perishable products
FR2538515A1 (fr) * 1982-12-28 1984-06-29 Daikin Ind Ltd Equipement de refrigeration
US4509586A (en) * 1982-05-20 1985-04-09 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Temperature control device for a refrigerating apparatus having both a heating means and a cooling means
US4602485A (en) * 1983-04-23 1986-07-29 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Refrigeration unit including a hot gas defrosting system
US4655278A (en) * 1985-09-27 1987-04-07 Cambridge Manufacturing Climate Control Products Inc. Heat recirculation apparatus and method
EP0256292A2 (de) * 1986-07-10 1988-02-24 Gerhard Richter Verfahren für den kombinierten Transport von flüssigen Gütern auf der Strasse, auf der Schiene und zu Wasser oberhalb ihrer Erstarrungstemperatur
US4748824A (en) * 1985-10-17 1988-06-07 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Refrigeration apparatus for transport container
US4812622A (en) * 1986-02-19 1989-03-14 Hoshizaki Electric Co., Ltd. Apparatus for defrosting frozen articles
EP0328178A2 (en) * 1988-02-08 1989-08-16 FATA AUTOMATION S.p.A. System for the automated storage of refrigerated containers
EP0375871A1 (de) * 1988-12-24 1990-07-04 Dr.Ing.h.c. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Klimatisierungssystem für ein Fahrzeug
US5211713A (en) * 1990-11-30 1993-05-18 Tabai Espec Corp. Temperature control method with simultaneous heating and cooling near the set-point
US20020124993A1 (en) * 1999-03-29 2002-09-12 Hitoshi Nakano Apparatus with air-conditioning system, and device manufacturing method using the same
US6513282B2 (en) * 2000-04-28 2003-02-04 Robert Jeffrey Schott Self-contained mobile fumigation chamber system and method
US6595013B1 (en) * 2002-02-25 2003-07-22 Carrier Corporation Sound attenuator for a refrigeration unit
US20050076666A1 (en) * 2003-09-25 2005-04-14 Parks Gary L. Heating and cooling system
US20060137373A1 (en) * 2004-12-27 2006-06-29 Dwight Williams Self-contained mobile walk-in cooler
US20070074528A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Thermo King Corporation Temperature control system and method of operating same
WO2008113083A2 (en) * 2007-03-15 2008-09-18 Startrak Systems, Llc Container power sensing system and method
US20100101770A1 (en) * 2008-10-24 2010-04-29 Thoegersen Ole Controlling chilled state of a cargo
US20100114377A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 Seifert Mtm Systems Malta Ltd. Air conditioning device for switchgear cabinets
US20130045870A1 (en) * 2010-05-04 2013-02-21 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method and apparatus for shipping and storage of cryogenic devices
US20140260360A1 (en) * 2013-03-12 2014-09-18 Hussmann Corporation Anti-fog heat control for a refrigerated merchandiser
US20150089970A1 (en) * 2013-10-01 2015-04-02 B/E Aerospace, Inc. Aircraft air chiller with reduced profile
US9285147B1 (en) 2009-09-14 2016-03-15 Carlos Quesada Saborio Relocatable refrigeration system with pendulum within separator and accumulator chambers
US9581380B1 (en) 2007-07-20 2017-02-28 Carlos Quesada Saborio Flexible refrigeration platform
US9733024B2 (en) 2012-11-30 2017-08-15 Carlos Quesada Saborio Tubing element with fins for a heat exchanger
US20180127101A1 (en) * 2012-03-30 2018-05-10 Rockwell Collins, Inc. Aircraft Galley Chiller System
US20180245835A1 (en) * 2015-02-27 2018-08-30 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Refrigeration apparatus for containers
US11046508B2 (en) * 2016-10-12 2021-06-29 Carrier Corporation Refrigerated storage container air passage
US11073312B2 (en) * 2016-03-10 2021-07-27 Bitzer Kuehlmaschinenbau Gmbh Cooling facility
US11397014B2 (en) * 2019-03-26 2022-07-26 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP Auxiliary heat exchanger for HVAC system
US20220314741A1 (en) * 2021-03-31 2022-10-06 Thermo King Corporation Transport climate control remote management
US20230245548A1 (en) * 2022-01-31 2023-08-03 Thermo King Llc Methods and systems for monitoring a potential hazard at an unoccupied transport unit and issuing a notification in response to detecting the hazard
US12125365B2 (en) * 2022-01-31 2024-10-22 Thermo King Llc Methods and systems for monitoring a potential hazard at an unoccupied transport unit and issuing a notification in response to detecting the hazard

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DE102004014937A1 (de) * 2004-03-26 2005-10-20 Asys Prozess Und Reinraumtechn Lageranordnung mit vorgegebener Lagerungs-Atmosphäre
DE102011101347A1 (de) * 2011-05-12 2012-11-15 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Lienz Gmbh Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät
GB2552084B (en) 2014-01-29 2018-08-01 Illinois Tool Works A locker system
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CN103836868B (zh) * 2014-03-11 2016-05-18 合肥美的电冰箱有限公司 具有改进的冷凝器的冰箱
CN104803124B (zh) 2015-03-03 2018-01-26 中集集团集装箱控股有限公司 油箱内置的集装箱
CN108372983A (zh) * 2018-05-17 2018-08-07 孙吉毅 一种水产品冷藏集装箱用保活恒温淋水装置

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Cited By (63)

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US3973618A (en) * 1974-12-24 1976-08-10 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Electronic capacity control or direct expansion refrigeration of air conditioning systems
DE2557334A1 (de) * 1974-12-24 1976-07-08 Thermo King Corp Kuehlanlage
EP0018661A1 (de) * 1979-05-05 1980-11-12 G + H MONTAGE GmbH Frachtschiff mit Decks und Kühlanlage, sowie Trailer hierfür
US4422304A (en) * 1979-12-10 1983-12-27 Transfresh Corporation Transportation of perishable products
US4356702A (en) * 1979-12-10 1982-11-02 Transfresh Corporation Transportation of perishable products
EP0060724A2 (en) * 1981-03-17 1982-09-22 Sea Containers Limited Cargo refrigeration
EP0060724A3 (en) * 1981-03-17 1982-12-22 Sea Containers Limited Cargo refrigeration
US4509586A (en) * 1982-05-20 1985-04-09 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Temperature control device for a refrigerating apparatus having both a heating means and a cooling means
FR2538515A1 (fr) * 1982-12-28 1984-06-29 Daikin Ind Ltd Equipement de refrigeration
US4602485A (en) * 1983-04-23 1986-07-29 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Refrigeration unit including a hot gas defrosting system
US4688392A (en) * 1983-04-23 1987-08-25 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Refrigeration unit including a hot gas defrosting system
US4655278A (en) * 1985-09-27 1987-04-07 Cambridge Manufacturing Climate Control Products Inc. Heat recirculation apparatus and method
AU588762B2 (en) * 1985-10-17 1989-09-21 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Refrigeration apparatus for transport container
US4748824A (en) * 1985-10-17 1988-06-07 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Refrigeration apparatus for transport container
US4812622A (en) * 1986-02-19 1989-03-14 Hoshizaki Electric Co., Ltd. Apparatus for defrosting frozen articles
EP0256292A3 (de) * 1986-07-10 1988-09-21 Gerhard Richter Verfahren für den kombinierten Transport von flüssigen Gütern auf der Strasse, auf der Schiene und zu Wasser oberhalb ihrer Erstarrungstemperatur
EP0256292A2 (de) * 1986-07-10 1988-02-24 Gerhard Richter Verfahren für den kombinierten Transport von flüssigen Gütern auf der Strasse, auf der Schiene und zu Wasser oberhalb ihrer Erstarrungstemperatur
EP0328178A2 (en) * 1988-02-08 1989-08-16 FATA AUTOMATION S.p.A. System for the automated storage of refrigerated containers
EP0328178A3 (en) * 1988-02-08 1990-06-06 Fata Automation S.P.A. System for the automated storage of refrigerated containers
EP0375871A1 (de) * 1988-12-24 1990-07-04 Dr.Ing.h.c. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Klimatisierungssystem für ein Fahrzeug
US5211713A (en) * 1990-11-30 1993-05-18 Tabai Espec Corp. Temperature control method with simultaneous heating and cooling near the set-point
US20020124993A1 (en) * 1999-03-29 2002-09-12 Hitoshi Nakano Apparatus with air-conditioning system, and device manufacturing method using the same
US6513282B2 (en) * 2000-04-28 2003-02-04 Robert Jeffrey Schott Self-contained mobile fumigation chamber system and method
US6595013B1 (en) * 2002-02-25 2003-07-22 Carrier Corporation Sound attenuator for a refrigeration unit
US20050076666A1 (en) * 2003-09-25 2005-04-14 Parks Gary L. Heating and cooling system
US7152421B2 (en) * 2003-09-25 2006-12-26 Parks Gary L Heating and cooling system
US20060137373A1 (en) * 2004-12-27 2006-06-29 Dwight Williams Self-contained mobile walk-in cooler
US7406834B2 (en) 2004-12-27 2008-08-05 Dwight Williams Self-contained mobile walk-in cooler
US20070074528A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Thermo King Corporation Temperature control system and method of operating same
US7765831B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2010-08-03 Thermo King Corporation Temperature control system and method of operating same
WO2008113083A3 (en) * 2007-03-15 2009-07-30 Startrak Systems Llc Container power sensing system and method
WO2008113083A2 (en) * 2007-03-15 2008-09-18 Startrak Systems, Llc Container power sensing system and method
US7812733B2 (en) 2007-03-15 2010-10-12 Startrak Systems, Llc Container power sensing system and method
US9581380B1 (en) 2007-07-20 2017-02-28 Carlos Quesada Saborio Flexible refrigeration platform
US10619902B2 (en) 2008-10-24 2020-04-14 Thermo King Corporation Controlling chilled state of a cargo
US9857114B2 (en) 2008-10-24 2018-01-02 Thermo King Corporation Controlling chilled state of a cargo
US8607582B2 (en) * 2008-10-24 2013-12-17 Thermo King Corporation Controlling chilled state of a cargo
US8800307B2 (en) 2008-10-24 2014-08-12 Thermo King Corporation Controlling chilled state of a cargo
US20100101770A1 (en) * 2008-10-24 2010-04-29 Thoegersen Ole Controlling chilled state of a cargo
US20100114377A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 Seifert Mtm Systems Malta Ltd. Air conditioning device for switchgear cabinets
US9285147B1 (en) 2009-09-14 2016-03-15 Carlos Quesada Saborio Relocatable refrigeration system with pendulum within separator and accumulator chambers
US20130045870A1 (en) * 2010-05-04 2013-02-21 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method and apparatus for shipping and storage of cryogenic devices
US10577175B2 (en) 2010-05-04 2020-03-03 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Method and apparatus for shipping and storage of cryogenic devices
US20180127101A1 (en) * 2012-03-30 2018-05-10 Rockwell Collins, Inc. Aircraft Galley Chiller System
US10556694B2 (en) * 2012-03-30 2020-02-11 B/E Aerospace, Inc. Aircraft galley chiller system
US9733024B2 (en) 2012-11-30 2017-08-15 Carlos Quesada Saborio Tubing element with fins for a heat exchanger
US9874408B2 (en) 2012-11-30 2018-01-23 Carlos Quesada Saborio Heat exchangers
US20140260360A1 (en) * 2013-03-12 2014-09-18 Hussmann Corporation Anti-fog heat control for a refrigerated merchandiser
US10178918B2 (en) * 2013-03-12 2019-01-15 Hussmann Corporation Anti-fog heat control for a refrigerated merchandiser
US20150089970A1 (en) * 2013-10-01 2015-04-02 B/E Aerospace, Inc. Aircraft air chiller with reduced profile
US10021970B2 (en) * 2013-10-01 2018-07-17 B/E Aerospace, Inc. Aircraft air chiller with reduced profile
CN105637305B (zh) * 2013-10-01 2017-12-05 Be航天公司 具有减小轮廓的飞行器空气制冷器
CN105637305A (zh) * 2013-10-01 2016-06-01 Be航天公司 具有减小轮廓的飞行器空气制冷器
US20180245835A1 (en) * 2015-02-27 2018-08-30 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Refrigeration apparatus for containers
US11015855B2 (en) * 2015-02-27 2021-05-25 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Refrigeration apparatus for containers
US11073312B2 (en) * 2016-03-10 2021-07-27 Bitzer Kuehlmaschinenbau Gmbh Cooling facility
US11046508B2 (en) * 2016-10-12 2021-06-29 Carrier Corporation Refrigerated storage container air passage
US11397014B2 (en) * 2019-03-26 2022-07-26 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP Auxiliary heat exchanger for HVAC system
US11852372B2 (en) 2019-03-26 2023-12-26 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP Auxiliary heat exchanger for HVAC system
US20220314741A1 (en) * 2021-03-31 2022-10-06 Thermo King Corporation Transport climate control remote management
US11738623B2 (en) * 2021-03-31 2023-08-29 Thermo King Llc Transport climate control remote management
US20230245548A1 (en) * 2022-01-31 2023-08-03 Thermo King Llc Methods and systems for monitoring a potential hazard at an unoccupied transport unit and issuing a notification in response to detecting the hazard
US12125365B2 (en) * 2022-01-31 2024-10-22 Thermo King Llc Methods and systems for monitoring a potential hazard at an unoccupied transport unit and issuing a notification in response to detecting the hazard

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DE2224426A1 (de) 1973-01-18
JPS5527273B1 (it) 1980-07-19
CA958553A (en) 1974-12-03
ZA723342B (en) 1973-03-28
YU161172A (en) 1978-06-30
AU470816B2 (en) 1976-04-01
FR2145475A1 (it) 1973-02-23
YU34165B (en) 1978-12-31
IL39458A0 (en) 1972-07-26
BE785227A (fr) 1972-12-22
DE2224426C2 (de) 1982-12-30
GB1348466A (en) 1974-03-20
NL171924B (nl) 1983-01-03
AU4239372A (en) 1973-11-22
FR2145475B1 (it) 1976-08-06
NL7208305A (it) 1973-01-11
BR7204099D0 (pt) 1973-07-19
IT958487B (it) 1973-10-20
NL171924C (nl) 1983-06-01

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