US3663422A - Process for the production of very high vi lubricating oils by hydrotreating - Google Patents

Process for the production of very high vi lubricating oils by hydrotreating Download PDF

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US3663422A
US3663422A US853719A US3663422DA US3663422A US 3663422 A US3663422 A US 3663422A US 853719 A US853719 A US 853719A US 3663422D A US3663422D A US 3663422DA US 3663422 A US3663422 A US 3663422A
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oil
viscosity
oils
multigrade
lubricating
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Peter W Dun
J Van Formijn
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Shell USA Inc
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Shell Oil Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/10—Lubricating oil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/027—Neutral salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/16—Naphthenic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/086—Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
    • C10N2050/02—Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating

Definitions

  • V 125 Very high viscosity index (VI 125) lubricating oils are produced by hydrotreating solvent-refined, asphaltfree waxy hydrocarbons in the presence of a suitable catalyst under specific hydrotreating conditions. A true SAE W/30 multigrade oil is produced which does not require the addition of VI imp-roves or thickeners.
  • the present invention relates to a process for the production of very high viscosity index (VI-IVI) lubricating oils from a hydrocarbon feedstock by means of hydrotreating. It particularly relates to a process in which solvent-refined, asphalt-free waxy hydrocarbon oils are bydrotreated at specific temperatures and pressures in order to obtain lubricating oils meeting the SAE 10W/ specification for multigrade oils.
  • VI-IVI very high viscosity index
  • Lubricating oils for automotive purposes are classified according to a scheme introduced by the Society of Automotive Engineers, in which ranges of viscosities measured in seconds Saybolt Universal (SSU) at 210 F. are indicated by SAE numbers.
  • SAE numbers ranges of viscosities measured in seconds Saybolt Universal (SSU) at 210 F. are indicated by SAE numbers.
  • SAE 5W, 10W and 20W oils being known as winter or W-grades.
  • These Winter-grade oils have the same viscosity requirement at 210 F. but have also to meet viscosity requirements at 0 F. increasing from the SW to the 20W oils.
  • the other four grades SAE 20, SAE 30, SAE and SAE 50 oils have increasing viscosities at 210 F. but no requirement at 0 F.
  • multigrade oils which are lubricating oils for automotive purposes falling within more than one SAE category. They cover in one oil both a winter grade and a normal grade, thus ensuring both good lubrication at high temperatures and suflicient fluidity at low ones. They are designated by the appropriate twograde numbers e.g., 5W/20, 10W/20, 20W/ 20, 5W/30, 10W/ 30, 20W/ 30, and so on.
  • Pure mineral lubricating oils do not usually fulfill the requirements set and in order to obtain the desired multigrade oil it is customary to add vsicosity-index (VI) improvers for improving the viscosity-temperature characteristics and/or thickeners for increasing the viscosity.
  • VIP vsicosity-index
  • other oil additives such as pour point depressors, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, detergents and the like may further be added, so that the multigrade oils on the market are generally oil formulations.
  • Particularly preferred multigrade oil formulations are a 10W/ 30 and a 10W/40 grade.
  • hydrotreat deasphalted oils at a pressure of at least 175 kg./cm. and a temperature between 390 and 440 C. and to recover lubricating oils having a VI of at least 115 from the hydrotreated product.
  • the lubricating oils so obtained have a. VI of less than 125 and do not classify as a W/30 multigrade oil; they may, however, be used as 10W/20, 20W/ 30, or 20W/40 oils (Beuther et al., US. 2,960,458).
  • the present invention relates to a process for the production of very high-viseosity-indcx lubricating oils, which comprises hydrotreating a solvent-refined, asphalt-free waxy hydrocarbon oil in the presence of a sulfided catalyst comprising a Group VI and/or Group VIII metal supported on a substantially non-acidic refractory oxide base, at a temperature in the range of from 420 to 460 C. and a pressure of from 165 to 225 kg./cm. and recovering a dewaxed lubricating oil having a viscosity index of at least 125 and a viscosity at 210 F. of at least 9.0 centistokes from the hydrotreated waxy oil by means of fractionation and dewaxing.
  • a true 10W/30 multigrade lubricating oil i.e., an oil having a viscosity index of at least 132 and a viscosity at 210 of at least 9.6 centistokes is recovered from the hydrotreated waxy oil.
  • the process of the present invention has the advantage that in addition to the 10W/ 30 multigra'de oil a substantial yield of light and medium machine oils of very high viscosity index (VHVI) is obtained as by-products, while the remainder of the hydrocarbon feedstock is converted into valuable fuel materials substantially boiling below 375 C.
  • VHVI very high viscosity index
  • VHVI lubricating oils produced according to the invention are that a VI improver is not generally required and, with regard to the 10W/ 30 lubrieating oil, viscosity improvers or thickeners are usually not required either. If it is, however, desired to formulate multigrade oils meeting the 5 W/ 30, 10W/40 or l0W/50 specification which require higher viscosity indiees and/ or viseosities, only minor amounts of the compounds mentioned are required. Additional oil additives such as pourpoint depressants, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, detergents and the lke may be added, if desired, to obtain multigrade oil formulations meeting requirements set in other specifications.
  • a 10W/30 oil formulation based on a true 10W/ 30 lubricating oil of the invention does not suifer a permanent loss of viscosity under shearing, nor is there a temporary loss of viscosity.
  • a l10W/ 30 multigrade oil has been formulated on the basis of the oil produced according to the invention using a minor amount of thickener, the multigrade oil will never drop out of its SAE classification, since the base oil is a true 10W/30 oil.
  • the multigrade oils so obtained will show a measured viscosity at 0 P. which is substantially the same as the extrapolated viscosity at 0 2F. because of the virtual absence of polymers in the multigrade formulation.
  • multigrade oils have been graphically represented using kinematic viscosities (cs.) on the horizontal axis.
  • the viscosity range of oils belonging to a particular SAE number has also been indicated on the horizontal axis.
  • the VI as determined by ASTM D-567 is given, being the minimum value for high-viseosity-index oils.
  • SAE W-grades have been indicated, the area above line a being the SW-grade, between lines a and b IOW-grade and between lines I; and c the 20W-grade.
  • the shaded area represents the 10W/ 30 oils which are produced by the process of the invention.
  • the oil should moreover be a waxy oil.
  • the hydrocarbon oil may be a waxy distillate obained by vacuum or similar distillation of a crude oil, a reduced crude oil, or a fraction thereof, which has been solvent-refined.
  • the hydrocarbon oil is preferably a residual oil obtained by deasphalting a vacuum-reduced crude, i.e., a petroleum residuum resulting from a vacuum or similar distillation of a petroleum crude oil, or a topped crude oil or fraction thereof, with a low-boiling hydrocarbon such as propane, and solvent-refining the deasphalted oil to remove aromatic compounds.
  • a vacuum-reduced crude i.e., a petroleum residuum resulting from a vacuum or similar distillation of a petroleum crude oil, or a topped crude oil or fraction thereof
  • a low-boiling hydrocarbon such as propane
  • the solvent-refined asphaltfree waxy hydrocarbon oil may also be a synthetic oil derived from shale oil.
  • any of the usual solvents which selectively remove aromatic hydrocarbons may be used, it is preferred to use as the feed a furfural raffinate, i.e., a furfuralrefined waxy oil.
  • Other solvents that are selective towards aromatic hydrocarbons such as liquid sulfur dioxide, phenol, eresol and the like may also be used, however.
  • the deasphalting may be carried out by using any suitable solvent.
  • Preferred solvents are the lower-boiling paraflinic hydrocarbons such as ethane, propane, butane or pentane or mixtures thereof, propane being preferred. If it is desired to obtain a high yield of deasphalted oil, pentane is the most suitable solvent.
  • deasphalting solvents mixtures of the above lower-boiling hydrocarbons with alcohollsl such as methanol and isopropanol may be used as we Deasphalting and solvent-refining as such are known in the art. Conditions applied during these feed preparation steps for producing the desired starting material for the process of the invention, i.e., temperature, solvent/oil ratio, and so on, are conventional and need not be elaborated further.
  • the severity of the hydrotreating operation is chosen such that a dewaxed lubricating oil is obtained finally with a viscosity index in the range of from to and with a kinematic viscosity at 210 F. in the range of from 9.5 to 13.0 es.
  • the severity is adjusted such that a dewaxed lubricating oil is recovered with a VI of at least 132 and a viscosity at 210 F. of at least 9.6 cs., thus satisfying the requirements of the 10W/ 30 SAE specification.
  • the temperature and pressure applied during hydrotreating of the waxy raffinate are preferably in the range of from 430 to 445 C.these temperatures being average reactor temperatures-and from to kg./em. respectively.
  • the weight hourly space velocities applied are preferably rather low in order to increase the severity of the operation. Particularly preferred space velocities are in the range of from 0.4 to 1.7 kg.l.* .h
  • the hydrogen gas rate may, however, vary within a wide range and is generally between 500 and 5000 N1. of hydrogen per kg. of feed.
  • the catalyst employed in the process must have a substantially non-acidic refractory base in order to avoid excessive cracking at the reactor conditions specified. Acidity of the base promotes those hydrocarbon conversions which involve the formation of carbonium ions, e.g., dealkylation and hydrocracking.
  • suitable non-acidic bases are the metal oxides of certain metals such as alumina, boria, silica, magnesia and zirconia. Mixtures of certain of these oxides may be used as well, such as alumina-magnesia or magnesia-zirconia. mixtures, but mixtures of metal oxides comprising silica are unsuitable.
  • Alumina is particularly preferred as a base.
  • the alumina base may comprise minor amounts of alkali or alkali-earth metal in order to ensure the non acidity of the base. Preferred amounts are from 0.05 to 1.5% w. expressed as metal oxide. Commercial aluminas comprising silica in an amount of more than w., and/or halogen such as fluorine and/or chlorine, are unsuitable.
  • Preferred Group VI and Group VIII metals are molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, nickel and platinum.
  • the nonnoble metals may be present on the base either as the sulfide or as the oxide.
  • the catalysts comprising these metals are, however, used in the sulfided form. Catalyst sulfiding may be carried out according to any technique or procedure known in the art.
  • Particularly suitable catalysts for the present invention are the commercially available hydrodesulfurization catalysts comprising from 1 to 5% of nickel and from 3 to 20% of molybdenum on an alumina carrier.
  • the hydrotreating efiluent will contain lower-boiling reaction products such as gasoline, kerosene and gas oil. These lower-boiling non-lubricating products have to be separated from the lubricating oil. Generally, the products boiling above 375 C. will be recovered as the lube-oil fraction. This lube-oil fraction will be further fractionated into dififerent lubricating base oils.
  • the VHVI base oils forming the subject matter of the present invention will usually be obtained as the fraction boiling above 480 C. The lower cut point of these VHVI oils may, however, vary in the range of from 460 to 515 C.
  • the wax present is removed by dewaxing.
  • Dewaxing is accomplished by any treatment conventionally used for dewaxing oils.
  • the lubricating oils are dewaxed to a pour point that is below F. and more preferably to a pour point below 5 F.
  • As the lubricating oil is dewaxed at a lower temperature there is an increasing yield loss which may be as high as 30% for the oil fraction boiling above 480 C. There is a corresponding VI loss of about 2 to 3 points.
  • the oil is dissolved in a solvent such as propane, methyl ethyl ketone or toluene or mixtures of the two latter solvents, the oil solution is cooled and subsequently filtered.
  • the dewaxing solvent may be removed by distillation.
  • the 10W/3O muligrade oil of the invention may be formulated to multigrade lubricating oil compositions comprising a major amount of a true 10W/ 30 multigrade oil and a minor amount of one or more lubricating oil additives as mentioned hereinbefore. Usually these additives are applied in an amount of from 1-10% w.
  • additives which may be incorporated in the lOW/ 30 oil are the known VI improvers such as isobutylene polymers, polyacrylate and -methacrylates and the like, detergents including those of the class of metal sulfonates, metal phenates, and metal naphthenates and polymer dispersants such as polyethylene glycol substituted polymethacrylates and so on.
  • the antioxidants in clude such compounds like zinc dithiophosphates, alkylated phenols and an example of the known corrosion inhibitor is the class of amine-derived succinic anhydrides.
  • the bright stock waxy raffinate was contacted with hydrogen in a bench-scale reactor with a total capacity of 250 ml., in the presence of a commercially available hydrodesulfurization catalyst.
  • the catalyst was used in the form of 1.5 mm. extrudates and had the following composition: 17.6 p.b.w. (parts by weight) of M00 and 4.0 p.b.w. NiO on 100 p.b.w. of A1 0
  • the liquid reactor efiluent was fractionated and the material boiling above 480 C. recovered as waxy lube oil. This waxy lube oil was dewaxed at -30 C. with a mixture of methyl ethyl ketone/toluene (50/ 50 volume ratio) to give a pour point of 19 C. (2.2 R).
  • the catalyst was presulfided by means of a cold start-up using a gas oil from a Middle East crude (1.6% w. of sulfur) as the sulfiding agent.
  • the bright stock waxy raffinate was converted at two different reactor temperatures. The results are given below in Table II.
  • Example II The experiments of Example I were repeated under more severe treating conditions on a pilot-plant scale, using the same feedstock and catalyst.
  • the reactor had a capacity of about 7 liters and allowed operation with recycle of the hydrogen gas.
  • the catalyst was presulfided for 21 hours with a gas oil (1.6 percent w. .S) applying a cold start-up procedure.
  • the reactor efiiuent was processed as described for the experiments 1 and 2.
  • Table III This table also records the lube oil fractions boiling between 375 and 480 C., which fractions are obtained in addition to the lube oils boiling above 480 C.
  • the deasphalted oil of Example I was used as the hydrotreating feedstock, the solvent-refining step with furfural being omitted.
  • the hydrotreating step 'Was carried out at three difierent temperatures, using the same catalyst as in Example I.
  • the conditions applied were a pressure of 200 kgjcm? a WHSV of 1.0 l :g.l.- .h.- and a hydrogen-to-oil ratio of 3000 Nl./1.
  • the lube oil fraction boiling above 375 C. of the experiments Nos. 6 and 8 was further fractionated nto 440 C., a fraction 440-480 C. and a fraction boiling above 480 C.
  • the fractions obtained after dewaxing, their viscosities and VI are mentioned below in Table V.
  • Experiment 8 Dewaxed Dewaxed oil, Viscosity oil, Viscosity Boiling percent w. at 210 F., percent w. at 210 F., range, C. on TLP cs. VI on TLP cs. VI
  • EXAMPLE IV In a long-oration experiment a large batch of a true 10W/ 30 lubricating oil was produced.
  • the feedstock and the catalyst were the same as those used in Example I.
  • the pilot-plant reactor had a catalyst inventory of 15,120 g.
  • the catalyst was presulfided by a cold start-up procedure, followed by a running-in period under hydrodesnlfurization conditions with a sulfur-containing gas oil. The conditions applied during the long-duration experiment remained fairly constant.
  • Table VI below, gives the results obtained at the beginning and towards the end of the run (about 600 hours).
  • the lube oil fractions were dewaxed to a pour point of l9 C. (2 F.).
  • a process for the production of very high viscosity index lubricating oils which comprises hydrotreating a solvent-refined asphalt-free waxy hydrocarbon oil in the presence of a sulfided catalyst consisting essentially of nickel and molybdenum on a non-acidic alumina at a temperature in the range of from 420 to 460 C., a pressure of from 165 to 225 kg./cm. and a weight hourly space velocity of from 0.25 to 2.25 kg. of said oil per liter of catalyst per hour, and recovering a dewaxed lubricating oil having a viscosity index in the range of from to and a kinematic viscosity at 210 F. in the range of from 9.5 to 13.0 centistokes from the hydrotreated waxy oil by means of fractionation and dawaxing,

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
US853719A 1968-09-05 1969-08-28 Process for the production of very high vi lubricating oils by hydrotreating Expired - Lifetime US3663422A (en)

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GB42311/68A GB1182885A (en) 1968-09-05 1968-09-05 A process for the production of very High-Viscosity-Index Lubricating Oils

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AT (1) AT295716B (de)
BE (1) BE738357A (de)
CA (1) CA945096A (de)
CH (1) CH524681A (de)
DE (1) DE1944757A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2019327B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1182885A (de)
NL (1) NL6913396A (de)
NO (1) NO125493B (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4515680A (en) * 1983-05-16 1985-05-07 Ashland Oil, Inc. Naphthenic lube oils
EP0178710A2 (de) * 1984-10-12 1986-04-23 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Basisschmierölen und so erhaltene Basisschmieröle
US4764265A (en) * 1985-07-26 1988-08-16 Shell Oil Company Process for the manufacture of lubricating base oils
US4992159A (en) * 1988-12-16 1991-02-12 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Upgrading waxy distillates and raffinates by the process of hydrotreating and hydroisomerization
US5059299A (en) * 1987-12-18 1991-10-22 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Method for isomerizing wax to lube base oils
US5167847A (en) * 1990-05-21 1992-12-01 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Process for producing transformer oil from a hydrocracked stock
US5376257A (en) * 1993-08-02 1994-12-27 Nippon Petroleum Refining Company, Limited Process for feed oil refining for production of lubricating oil
US5993644A (en) * 1996-07-16 1999-11-30 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Base stock lube oil manufacturing process
US20040055931A1 (en) * 2000-12-19 2004-03-25 Van Beijnum Johannes Process to prepare a spindle oil, light machine oil and a medium machine oil base oil grade from the bottoms fraction of a fuels hydrocracking process
CN114350395A (zh) * 2021-04-21 2022-04-15 山东省新睿化工科技有限公司 用于生产石墨电极原料、煅后焦和冶金焦的特质沥青及其制备工艺

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DE4128381A1 (de) * 1991-08-27 1993-03-04 Mobil Oil Deutschland Vergaser kraftstoff additiv

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US3078222A (en) * 1960-07-27 1963-02-19 Gulf Research Development Co Preparation of multi-grade lubricating oil by severe hydrogenation and urea adduction
GB1006508A (en) * 1962-01-12 1965-10-06 British Petroleum Co Improvements relating to the production of lubricating oils
FR1333117A (fr) * 1962-05-23 1963-07-26 British Petroleum Co Perfectionnements relatifs à la production des huiles lubrifiantes
FR1521459A (fr) * 1966-03-07 1968-04-19 Gulf Research Development Co Procédé d'amélioration des huiles lubrifiantes et catalyseur utilisable pour sa mise en oeuvre
US3328287A (en) * 1966-06-02 1967-06-27 Mobil Oil Corp Production of lubricating oils from resin extracts

Cited By (15)

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US4515680A (en) * 1983-05-16 1985-05-07 Ashland Oil, Inc. Naphthenic lube oils
EP0178710A2 (de) * 1984-10-12 1986-04-23 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Basisschmierölen und so erhaltene Basisschmieröle
US4622129A (en) * 1984-10-12 1986-11-11 Shell Oil Company Process for the manufacture of lubricating base oils
EP0178710A3 (en) * 1984-10-12 1987-12-02 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Process for the manufacture of lubricating base oils and base oils thus produced
US4764265A (en) * 1985-07-26 1988-08-16 Shell Oil Company Process for the manufacture of lubricating base oils
US5059299A (en) * 1987-12-18 1991-10-22 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Method for isomerizing wax to lube base oils
US4992159A (en) * 1988-12-16 1991-02-12 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Upgrading waxy distillates and raffinates by the process of hydrotreating and hydroisomerization
US5167847A (en) * 1990-05-21 1992-12-01 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Process for producing transformer oil from a hydrocracked stock
US5376257A (en) * 1993-08-02 1994-12-27 Nippon Petroleum Refining Company, Limited Process for feed oil refining for production of lubricating oil
US5993644A (en) * 1996-07-16 1999-11-30 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Base stock lube oil manufacturing process
US6264826B1 (en) 1996-07-16 2001-07-24 Chevron U.S.A Inc. Base stock lube oil manufacturing process
US20040055931A1 (en) * 2000-12-19 2004-03-25 Van Beijnum Johannes Process to prepare a spindle oil, light machine oil and a medium machine oil base oil grade from the bottoms fraction of a fuels hydrocracking process
US7347928B2 (en) 2000-12-19 2008-03-25 Shell Oil Company Process to prepare a spindle oil, light machine oil and a medium machine oil base oil grade from the bottoms fraction of a fuels hydrocracking process
CN114350395A (zh) * 2021-04-21 2022-04-15 山东省新睿化工科技有限公司 用于生产石墨电极原料、煅后焦和冶金焦的特质沥青及其制备工艺
CN114350395B (zh) * 2021-04-21 2022-09-23 山东省新睿化工科技有限公司 用于生产石墨电极原料、煅后焦和冶金焦的特质沥青及其制备工艺

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GB1182885A (en) 1970-03-04
AT295716B (de) 1972-01-10
CH524681A (de) 1972-06-30
DE1944757A1 (de) 1970-03-12
BE738357A (de) 1970-03-03
FR2019327A1 (de) 1970-07-03
FR2019327B1 (de) 1973-12-21
NL6913396A (de) 1970-03-09
CA945096A (en) 1974-04-09
NO125493B (de) 1972-09-18

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