US3656330A - System for distributing liquid over a surface - Google Patents

System for distributing liquid over a surface Download PDF

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US3656330A
US3656330A US13077A US3656330DA US3656330A US 3656330 A US3656330 A US 3656330A US 13077 A US13077 A US 13077A US 3656330D A US3656330D A US 3656330DA US 3656330 A US3656330 A US 3656330A
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Prior art keywords
liquid
nozzle
roll
width
wear
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US13077A
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Thomas W Brown
John S Lemlin
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ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Exxon Research and Engineering Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • B21B45/0203—Cooling
    • B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
    • B21B45/0215—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes
    • B21B45/0233—Spray nozzles, Nozzle headers; Spray systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/0207—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the work being an elongated body, e.g. wire or pipe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/60—Arrangements for mounting, supporting or holding spraying apparatus
    • B05B15/68—Arrangements for adjusting the position of spray heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
    • B21B27/06—Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls
    • B21B27/10—Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls externally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • B21B45/0239—Lubricating
    • B21B45/0242—Lubricants

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Liquid is distributed at a substantially desired uniform rate per unit area on a surface having a dimension which varies in a predetermined manner by projecting at the surface a divergent stream of the liquid from a nozzle which can be moved towards and away from the surface, the rate of supply of liquid to the nozzle being substantially proportional to the distance between the nozzle and the surface.
  • the invention is useful in applying a wear-resisting liquid coating to the rolls of hot metal rolling stand, the chosen rate of discharge being sufficient to mitigate wear of the work rolls without derogating from their performance.
  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for distributing a liquid over a surface.
  • the selected areas change from time to time and/or from place to place, and the dimensions of the selected areas change correspondingly.
  • the present invention is particularly, although not exclusively, concerned with the application of a liquid to the surfaces of the rolls of hot metal strip rolling mills.
  • Known expedients for carrying out such operations are of two main types.
  • the liquid is sprayed onto the surface from a nozzle at a fixed distance from the surface with a pressure which is caused to increase as the dimension of the selected area increases.
  • the nozzle is so designed that changes in the pressure at which liquid is supplied to thenozzle causes a change in the angle of divergence of the boundaries of the spray away from the nozzle, so that when an area of relatively large dimension is to be coated, the liquid is supplied at a high pressure and when an area of relatively smaller dimension is to be coated, the liquid pressure is reduced.
  • This type of liquid distribution system is unsatisfactory in the respect that when the delivery pressure of liquid to the nozzle is varied, the quantity of liquid distributed per unit area of the sprayed surface also varies.
  • a second type of liquid distribution system there is provided a plurality of nozzles at a fixed distance from the surface which is to be coated, and as the dimension of the area which is to be coated varies, the number of noules from which liquid is sprayed is also varied.
  • This type of distribution system is not altogether satisfactory as the amount of liquid sprayed is not uniform on each unit of area, and difficulties are experienced in precisely determining the correct number of nozzles which should be operational to distribute liquid over the selected areas of varying dimensions.
  • a liquid is distributed at a substantially desired uniform rate per unit area onto selected areas of a surface, which areas have a dimension which varies in a predetermined manner, by projecting the liquid in a divergent stream towards the surface from a nozzle which is mounted for movement towards and away from the surface, the rate of liquid flow rate through the nozzle being increased with increasing distance between the nozzle and the surface, and decreased with decreasing distance between the nozzle and the surface so that the substantially desired uniform rate of distribution of liquid per unit area of the surface can be maintained.
  • the flow-rate of liquid through the nozzle is coordinated automatically with the distance of the nozzle from the surface in a predetermined manner, although it is contemplated that the coordination of the liquid delivery rate r and nozzle-to-surface distance may be achieved by manual adjustment.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to rolling mills used for reducing the thickness of metal billets or strip or for modifying the metallurgical properties of the metal.
  • the metal which is to be processed by the rolling mill is passed between a pair of opposed work rolls which apply a suitable pressure to the metal to effect the required change to the metal.
  • the work rolls suffer considerable wear during the metal rolling process, and it has been found that the rate of wear is reduced if a suitable lubricant or wear-resisting coating or film is provided on the work rolls. Apart from the cost of providing replacement work rolls, considerable production losses result during the time required for replacement of the worn work rolls by new work rolls.
  • the problem of wear of the work rolls is particularly acute in the rolling of hot metal when the metal temperature may be as high as l,300 C., since 20 to 30 minutes are required for worn work roll replacement, and each pair of work rolls can be operative only for 1,000 to 1,200 tons of metal (in the case of steel strip) before replacement is necessary.
  • a typical hot metal strip rolling mill comprises a number of roll stands through which the strip is passed successively.
  • Each roll stand comprises, besides the opposed work rolls between which the metal strip is passed, a pair of back-up rolls which are separated by the pair of work rolls and which apply the rolling force to the work rolls.
  • the first strip of the work schedule which is run through the mill is initially relatively narrow strip, and tends to have minor surface defects and misalignments: subsequent strips which are run through the mill are of increased width and have a better finish until, when the work rolls have attained their optimum temperature and surface quality, the widest strip is run through the mill.
  • the widest strip is the most difficult to roll satisfactorily, but at this optimum stage of temperature and surface quality, the best quality strip, suitable for use in automobile manufacture, is obtained. Thereafter, the quality of the finish deteriorates and strips of successively narrower width are run through the mill.
  • a nozzle is mounted for movement towards and away from the surface of each work roll, and a suitable lubricant or wear-resisting coating is applied to each work rolls from its respective nozzle.
  • a suitable lubricant or wear-resisting coating is applied to each work rolls from its respective nozzle.
  • the width of the metal strip increases from strip to strip, and lubricant or coating is required over the increased width of each roll which is in contact with the strip.
  • the said nozzles are moved to be relatively close to their respective work rolls where the width of the worked metal is relatively small and when the width of the worked metal is increased, the nozzles are incrementally moved away from their respective work rolls in steps which are coordinated with the changes in metal width during the coffin schedule, the rate of liquid discharge from the nozzles being correspondingly increased to ensure that liquid is supplied to the metal rolling area of the work rolls substantially at a desired uniform rate per unit area.
  • the divergent spray of liquid from the nozzles preferably has a width which is a fixed proportion of the width of the metal strip: it is preferred that the spray width is slightly greater than the metal width since at the edges of the spray, the flow-rate of liquid is less than in regions away from the edges, and is non'unifonn: a suitable width of spray for most applications would be -120 percent of the width of the workpiece.
  • the rate of supply of liquid to each nozzle is coordinated with the operation condition of the work rolls in a manner which depends on the characteristics of the liquid, the gauge of the metal and its quality, the supply being increased as the working width of the rolls increases, and decreased as the working width of the rolls decreases.
  • the coordinated movement of the nozzles, liquid supply rate and working width of the work rolls ensures that substantially a constant distribution of liquid at substantially the optimal rate per unit area of the working width of the work rolls is provided.
  • the liquid projected from each nozzle may comprise a carrier liquid, conveniently water, and a dispersion therein of the wear-resisting liquid.
  • the carrier liquid is preferably discharged continuously from each nozzle to avoid the risk of blockage of the nozzles while the wear-resisting liquid is dispersed in the carrier for discharge therewith preferably at predetermined periods in accordance with the operating program.
  • Another advantage of providing a continuous discharge of the carrier liquid is that when wear-resisting liquid is supplied to the nozzles, there is substantially no time lag between the entrance and exit of the wear-resisting liquid relative to the nozzles which would otherwise be unavoidable while a suitable discharge pressure of wear-resisting liquid built up within the nozzles.
  • no wear-resisting liquid is sprayed onto the work rolls when metal is to be first introduced in the bite between the rolls: this is to enable a firm grip to be made on the head end of the metal and to avoid the possibility of a failure of the work piece to enter the bite.
  • the interruption of the supply of wear-resisting liquid to the work rolls at the beginning of a working cycle may be achieved automatically e.g. in response to a signal from a metal detector of any type on a preceding roll stand.
  • the supply of wear-resisting liquid to the work rolls is interrupted before the tail end of the workpiece enters the bite of the work rolls.
  • This interruption may also be achieved automatically as part of the work program, e.g., in response to a signal from a metal detector on a subsequent roll stand, and enables residual liquid on the work rolls to be volatilized and/or burnt off by the hot tail end of the workpiece (or, in certain cases depending on the nature of the liquid, it may be washed off by the carrier liquid or rolling mill coolant liquid) so that the bite is free of wear-resisting liquid when the next workpiece is presented for rolling, and the possibility of slippage in the bite is mitigated or eliminated.
  • the wear-resisting liquid that is distributed over the selected working area of the work rolls is of a type that can be removed by volatilization and/or oxidation at the working temperature.
  • esters are advantageous, particularly esters of the sterically hindered type in which the alcohol and/or acid residue in each molecule comprises at least one carbon atom which is attached to four other carbon atoms.
  • ester In order to enhance the tendency of the ester to stick to the rolls, free carboxylic' acids and partial esters having nonesterified hydroxyl groups may be incorporated with the ester.
  • the movably mounted nozzles are arranged for spraying the wear-resisting liquid, for preference, dispersed in the carrier liquid, onto the back-up rolls rather than onto the work rolls, each back-up roll then distributing the liquid over the work roll with which it is in contact.
  • the movement of the nozzles, together with the corresponding variation of liquid feed-rate therethrough in accordance with the rolling program may also be initiated and regulated by the previously mentioned metal detectors, so that during a coffin schedule of hot metal rolling, as the head end of a relatively narrow metal workpiece enters the work roll bite at the beginning of the schedule, no wear-resisting liquid is sprayed onto the back up rolls, although a spray of carrier liquid is discharged from the nozzles, and the work rolls are able to take a firm grip on the workpiece.
  • the nozzles at this stage of the schedule are located relatively closely to their respective back-up rolls so that carrier liquid is sprayed over a width of the back-up rolls just exceeding the width of the workpiece.
  • the supply of wear-resisting liquid is initiated, and a dispersion of carrier liquid and wear-resisting liquid is discharged from the nozzles.
  • a dispersion of carrier liquid and wear-resisting liquid is discharged from the nozzles.
  • wider workpieces are passed into the rolling mill, and the nozzles are accordingly displaced away from their respective back-up rolls so that correspondly increased widths thereof are sprayed, which may be percent to more than percent of the width of the workpiece, depending on the nature of the carrier liquid.
  • the rate of discharge of liquid from the nozzles is increased whereby to maintain at a substantially constant and uniform value the rate of liquid supply per unit area of back-up roll which is sprayed.
  • the metal workpieces After a short part of the coffin cycle, the metal workpieces will have a width approximating to the width of the work rolls and correspondingly, the nozzles will have been withdrawn to a maximum distance from their respective back-up rolls and the discharge rate of liquid through each nozzle will have attained a maximum value for the gauge of strip, the quality of the metal and the nature of the wear-resisting liquid.
  • the widths of subsequent workpieces are incrementally decreased and correspondingly, in accordance with the invention, the nozzles are moved inwardly towards their respective back-up rolls so that the width of back-up roll sprayed is, say, approximately 110 to I20 percent of the widths of the workpieces, and the rate of liquid delivery from the nozzles is decreased to maintain the required rate of distribution per unit area of the backup rolls, and consequently, of the work rolls.
  • the supply of wear-resisting liquid is interrupted when the tail end of the workpiece approaches the bite so that, as previously mentioned, the heat of the tail end of the workpiece will cause volatilization and/or burning off of any wear-resisting liquid which has not been washed from the work rolls by the carrier liquid and/or the mill coolant, thus preparing the work rolls for gripping the head end of a subsequent workpiece.
  • each movable nozzle is so designed that the divergent spray therefrom is concentrated in one plane.
  • a hollow triangular hood or shroud may be provided to enclose the spray and thereby protect it from dispersal or deflection by currents of air, stream or water.
  • each shroud is fixedly located relative to the roll stand, and all movement of the nozzle takes place within the shroud.
  • the deflector serves as an umbrella for the spray against the downward falling streams of water, and the sprayed liquid is therefore protected against deflection or dispersion by the water streams, and the wear-resisting liquid is able to form a wear-resistant layer on the surface of the sprayed roll.
  • the amount of wear-resisting liquid sprayed onto the rolls should be increased to take account of this, so that the appropriate thickness of wear-resisting film remains on the work rolls at the bite of each roll stand.
  • the deflector may take the form of a plate which is hinged on one side to the top of the corresponding shroud or any other member which is fixedly located relative to the roll stand and rests by its own weight and/or under the action of a light spring on its opposite side against the surface of the sprayed roll.
  • the said opposite side of the deflector has an edge region of suitable wear resisting or anti-friction material which preferably does not absorb the wear-resisting liquid such as nylon or polytetrafluroethylene: the remainder of the deflector may be of any durable rigid material such as wood, plastic or mild steel. From time to time, the deflector will be so worn due to rubbing on the roll surface that it will need to be discarded.
  • the nozzle design may be either of the type in which the angle subtended by the divergent spray is either dependent to some extent on the liquid feed pressure to the nozzle, or is independent of the liquid feed pressure.
  • Each nozzle may be mounted on a carriage for movement towards and away from a respective back-up roll.
  • the carriage may be movable by pneumatic, hydraulic, mechanical or electrical means, and a valve or throttle system, which may be automatic in operation, or under manual control, is provided to ensure that the distribution of liquid onto the back-up or work roll proceeds at a predetermined constant rate per unit area according to the operating conditions whatever the relative positions of the rolls and nozzles.
  • Suitable means responsive to the relative positions of the workpiece and the rolls are provided so that the supply of wear-resisting liquid is initiated after the leading edge of the workpiece has entered the bite of the work rolls, and terminated as the trailing edge of the workpiece approaches the bite.
  • the spraying is effected from such a position that the wear-resisting layer of liquid has the smallest possible distance to travel before contacting the heated metal workpiece i.e. the liquid should reach as near as possible to the part of the work roll which is about to enter the work roll bite.
  • each nozzle is directed as nearly as possible at that part of the respective back-up roll which is about to contact the adjacent work roll.
  • the actual positioning of the nozzles may not always be in the afore-mentioned most advantageous positions due to the interposition of other necessary parts of the rolling mill or other plant equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a general schematic side elevation of a hot metal strip rolling mil
  • FIG. 2 illustrates one stand of the rolling mill of FIG. 1 and means for distributing liquid over the rolls thereof
  • FIG. 3 is a simplified sectional plan view of part of FIG. 2, the section being taken along lines A-A,
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing a typical distribution of liquid from a spray nozzle
  • FIG. 5 illustrates graphically a typical relationship between the width of a workpiece which is to be rolled and the thickness of gauge of the workpiece for various flow rates of one type of wear-resisting coating fluid or lubricant, and
  • FIG. 6 shows schematically a part of a rolling mill and a control system for controlling the mill, in accordance with the invention.
  • Each rolling stand comprises a pair of opposed work rolls 20, 21 between which is defined a bite 22 through which passes the metal workpiece 23 which is being rolled.
  • At the feed end of the first stand F. is a support table 24 having feed rollers 25 for the workpiece 23 while at the discharge end of the last stand F is a support table 26 having rollers 27 on which the rolled workpiece 23 is received.
  • the work rolls 20, 21 of each roll stand are disposed between a pair of back-up rolls 28, 29 which are in rolling contact with their respective work rolls 241), 21.
  • the work rolls 20, 21 are rotationally driven, usually by electric motors (not shown), and due to the frictional contact between the back-up rolls 28, 29 and the work rolls 20, 2.1, the back-up rolls are also caused to rotate.
  • mill load cells (not show) of any conventional type: the mill load cells will not be described since they are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the workpiece typically at a temperature of 1,200 C.
  • the rollers 25 of the support table 24 into the bite of the first roll stand F,, and successively through the bites of the roll stands F to F
  • the entry speed of the workpiece to stand F would normally be in the range 300 to 400 feet per minute, while the exit speed from stand F would be from 1,500 to 3,000 feet per minute.
  • the metal workpiece entering the bite of stand F can have a temperature as high as l,300 C.: as a result, the surfaces of the work rolls 20, 21 of stand F, and the succeeding stands F 2 to F tend to be oxidized, scaled and pitted, and to mitigate this tendency, it is customary to cool each stand F l to F, by the passage of large quantities of water thereover.
  • the water is supplied from headers, indicated diagrammatically by references 30, which are usually located mainly around the work rolls and sometimes around the back-up rolls of each stand F to F as indicated more accurately in FIG. 2.
  • each back up roll 28, 29 a respective nozzle 31,32 which is of the type which discharges liquid passed therethrough in a divergent substantially planar spary.
  • the nozzles 31, 32 are each mounted on a guide block 34 which can be moved along guide rails 33.
  • Each block 34 is attached to a hydraulic cylinder 35 which has supply pipes 36 for a hydraulic fluid. By supplying hydraulic fluid to the appropriate one of the supply pipes 36, the blocks 34 and their respective nozzles 31, 32 can be moved towards or away from their corresponding back-up rolls 28, 29.
  • the nozzle 31 is shown in a position adjacent the back-up roll 28, while the nozzle 32 is shown in a retracted position relative to the backup roll 29, although it will be appreciated that during normal usage, both nozzles 31, 32 will be about the same distance from their respective back-up rolls 28, 29.
  • Each nozzle is supplied with liquid from a pipe 37 which is flexible so as to allow movement of the noule 31 or 32, and the flexible pipe 37 is connected to a source of liquid supply, to be described hereinafter, via a pipe 38 which is flexible at least for part of its length adjoining the flexible pipe 37.
  • each nozzle together with its guide block 34 is enclosed in a hood or shroud 39 which is frusto-triangular in plan and closed on all sides except the side facing the back-up roll 28, 29.
  • the open side of the shrouds 39 are approximately the same width as the width of the back-up rolls 2:8, 29.
  • a deflector place 40 is attached on one side by a hinge 41 to the top of each shroud 39 and has its other side resting on the adjacent work roll.
  • the deflector plate 40 extends the whole width of the shroud 39 and has a nylon edge 42 which rubs on the work roll the remainder of the deflector plate may be of wood or mild steel.
  • the liquid which is supplied to the nozzles 31, 32 at least during rolling operations comprises a liquid capable of forming on the back-up rolls 28, 29 a wear-resistant coating which is transferred, at least in part, to the work rolls 20, 21 as contact is made between the back-up rolls 28, 29 and the work rolls 20, 21.
  • a suitable liquid is a mixture comprising predominantly an ester having a quaternary carbon atom in its molecule, such as pentaerithrytol tetraoleate, for example, in admixture with partially esterified pentaerithrytol and free carboxylic acids, the two latter components serving to increase the degree of adhesion of the layer of liquid.
  • the width of the back-up rolls 28, 29 sprayed, and hence the width of the work rolls 20, 21 to which a coating is applied will depend on the distance between each nozzle 31, 32 and each back-up roll.
  • the nozzle 31 sprays a relatively small width of back-up roll 28, and the liquid layer transferred to the work roll will be relatively narrow: this arrangement is suitable for the protection of the work roll 20 during the passage through the bite of a narrow workpiece.
  • the retracted position of nozzle 32 enables a greater width of the back-up roll 29 to be sprayed so that a relatively wide liquid layer is transferred to work roll 21 to confer protection during the passage of a correspondingly wide workpiece through the bite.
  • the different widths of the back-up roll 28 sprayed by the nozzle 31 at its extreme positions is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the wear-resisting liquids comprising esters
  • account must be taken of their marked lubricating properties, and to ensure that a workpiece enters the bite without slippage, the discharge of an ester-containing liquid is not commenced until a suitable interval after the workpiece has entered the bite.
  • the estercontaining liquid is volatilized or otherwise removed from the work rolls 20, 21 before a subsequent workpiece is received in the bite, and to this end, the discharge of ester-containing liquid is interrupted before the tail end of a workpiece has left the bite: the elevated temperature of the tail end of the workpiece causes the required removal of the ester-containing liquid.
  • the means for regulating the periods of supply of the ester-containing liquid will be described hereinafter.
  • a continuous sprayed discharge of water from the nozzles 31, 32 serving as a carrier liquid, the ester-containing liquid being dispersed in the water at appropriate intervals during the working cycle of each roll stand.
  • the nozzles 31, 32 are relatively close to their respective back-up rolls 28, 29 so that a relatively narrow central strip of the back-up rolls 28, 29 is sprayed, and a liquid coating of about the same width as that on the rolls 28, 29 is transferred to the work rolls 20, 21.
  • the nozzles 30, 31 are retracted from the back-up rolls 28, 29 so that a greater width thereof is sprayed, and after the widest workpiece of the schedule has been rolled, the nozzles 30, 31 are incrementally moved towards their back-up rolls 28, 29 in accordance with the incremental decrease in width of successive workpieces.
  • the spray characteristic from commercially available spray nozzles is that for a substantial proportion of the spray width, between references 43 and 44, the rate of liquid discharge is substantially uniform, while outwardly of references 43 and 44 to the edges 45 and 46 of the spray, the rate of discharge is not uniform.
  • the width of the back-up rolls 28, 29 which is sprayed is wider than the workpiece: generally speaking, the spray should have a width at the back-up rolls 28, 29 which for most commercially available sprays is to percent of the width of the workpiece to ensure that a uniform liquid layer is transferred to the working surface of the work rolls 20, 21.
  • the best relative width of the spray at the work rolls 28, 29 and the workpieces can be determined relatively easily for the type of nozzle employed by any convenient procedure.
  • the supply rate of ester'containing liquid to the nozzles depends on the nature of the ester, but obviously the wider the workpiece, the greater the supply will need to be: however, with too much ester-containing liquid, there may be slipping of, or uneven traction on, the workpiece in the bite (and this is particularly true with the widest workpieces), while with too little, there is erosion of the surface finish of the work rolls 28, 29.
  • the rate of discharge of the ester-containing liquid needs to be varied in accordance with the thickness or gauge of the workpiece: for a thick workpiece, a high rate of discharge per unit area of the rolls is desirable but for thinner workpieces, less ester-containing liquid must be provided per unit area of the rolls if the quality of the rolled workpiece is to be maintained.
  • FIG. 5 A typical correlation between the width of the workpiece, its gauge and the rate of discharge of ester-containing liquid for a given workpiece speed is shown in FIG. 5.
  • control system shown controls the supply of liquid to, and the movement of, the spray nozzles 31a, 31b, for two back-up rolls 28a, 28b of different rolls stands.
  • the ester-containing liquid for mitigating wear of the work rolls which liquid is hereinafter termed the lubricant for brevity, is stored in a tank 50 and pumped by a gear pump 51 in a circuit including a filter 52 and optionally a heater (not shown) conduit 53 leads from the circuit via a flowmeter 54 and then distributed the lubricant among a number of pipes 55a, 55b, each of which leads to a solenoid-operated valve 56a, 56b via respective metering pumps 57a, 57b.
  • a regulated flow of lubricant can pass to a respective nozzle 31a or 31b via its supply pipe 38a or 38b. Any lubricant which does not pass to the nozzles 31a to 31b flows into a return pipe 58 via a respective nonretum valve 59a, 59b, and is returned to the tank 50.
  • Water is supplied to the spray nozzles 31a, 31b by a pump 60 via respective supply lines 61a, 61b.
  • the pressure of water in the lines 61a, 61b is less than that of the lubricant in the pipes 55a, 55b.
  • Each supply line 61a, 61b incorporates a control valve 62a, 62b and terminates in a mixer unit 69a, 69b, wherein admixture of the water with the higher pressure lubricant can take place.
  • the movements of the nozzles 31a, 31b are effected by hydraulic cylinders 35a, 35b which are driven by respective hydraulic pumps 64a, 64b.
  • the control of the system of FIG. 6 is effected by any means capable of correlating the movements of the nozzles and the initiation and rate of discharge of liquids therefrom with the width of each workpiece and possibly also its gauge: conveniently, the said means may be an on-line computer, indicated by 65.
  • the computer 65 The various functions performed by the computer 65 will be described but not its construction since the latter forms no part of the present invention and will be clearly conceivable by those skilled in the art.
  • Each roll stand is provided with a mill load detector cell 66a, 66b and the mill is provided with a width detector 67 for measuring the width of each workpiece entering and/or leaving the mill.
  • the construction and mode of operation of width detectors is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be herein described.
  • the computer 65 receives a signal representative of the width of the workpiece from the width detector 67, signals of mill loading from the load detectors 66a, 66b, and also signals indicative of the positions of the spray nozzles 31a, 31b relative to a fixed part of the respective roll stand: any suitable position-responsive means such as potentiometers, variable resistances and photocells known to those skilled in the art may be employed to provide these signals.
  • the computer According to the input signals received by the computer 65, the computer generates, or through amplifiers and/or relays, causes to generate, suitable output signals to the motors (not shown) driving the hydraulic pumps 64a, 64b for controlling the position of the nozzles 31a, 31b, to the water control valves 62a, 62b for regulating the flow of water to the nozzles 31a, 31b via the solenoid valves 56a, 56b, and to the solenoid valves 56a, 56b to open and close the valves and determine their degree of opening so that a desired flow of lubricant is mixed with the water at the mixers 69a, 69b for spraying from the nozzles 31a, 31b as a dispersion.
  • the workpiece width detector 67 provides a width signal which is received by the computer 65, together with signals indicative of the position of each nozzle 31a, 31b.
  • the computer 65 causes the generation of signals to effect any necessary movement of the nozzles 31a, 31b relative to their back-up rolls 28a, 28b by actuating the hydraulic pumps 64a, 64b: the final positions of the nozzles 31a, 31b, is so chosen that in the width of back-up roll 28a, 28b sprayed, the proportion corresponding to the width of the workpiece is uniformly sprayed i.e. the proportion corresponds to the width between references 43 and 44 of FIG. 4.
  • the computer 65 causes the generation of signals to effect any necessary changes in the setting of the water control valves 62a, 62b so that at the chosen position of the nozzles 31a, 31b, the quantity of water passed to each nozzle will be sufficient to provide a desired uniform rate per uriit area of the surface of the back rolls 28a, 28b rolling conditions i.e.
  • the computer 65 regulates the opening and closing of the solenoid valves 56a, 56b in such manner that a predetermined flow rate of lubricant is supplied to the mixer units 69a, 69b for admixture with the water passing to the spray nozzles 31a, 31b just after the head end of the workpiece has entered the bite of the rolling stand so that no slippage of the workpiece occurs, and the supply of lubricant is interrupted before the tail end of the workpiece enters the bits so that the elevated temperature of the tail end of the workpiece will cause volatilization and/or combustion of the lubricant on the work rolls leaving them sufficiently free of lubricant to enable a subsequent workpiece to be gripped in the bite without slippage.
  • each solenoid valve 56a, 56b by the computer is conveniently initiated by the signals from the load detector cells 66a, 66b: thus, in one method of control of the solenoid valves 56a, 56b, when a workpiece enters the bite of a roll stand, a signal is generated by the load detector cell of that stand which is received by the computer 65. After an interval of time which depends on the speed of the workpiece, the computer 65 generates a signal which initiates the opening of the solenoid valve 56a or 56b etc., so that lubricant is mixed and dispersed in the water supplied to the spray nozzle 31a or 31b at a desired rate which is in accordance with the known operation conditions at the roll stand.
  • the computer 65 causes the solenoid valve 56a or 56b to close, so that the supply of lubricant to the spray nozzle 31a or 31b ceases, and the coating of lubricant on the backup roll 28a or 28b and the corresponding work roll is substantially removed as the tail end of the workpiece passes through the bite leaving the work rolls substantially free of lubricant before a subsequent workpiece is received in the bite of the roll stand.
  • the opening and closing of the solenoid valves of a chosen roll stand is dependent on signals from the load cells of roll stands preceding and subsequent to the chosen roll stand. For example, if the chosen roll stand is the third in the mill, i.e. stand F in FIG.
  • the solenoid valves 56 of stand F are opened by a signal from the computer 65 when the head end of the workpiece in stand F reaches the next consecutive stand 1P the signal from computer 65 being initiated in response to signal from the load cell 66 of stand F.,: by the time the head end of the workpiece is engaged by stand F the workpiece will be firmly engaged in the bite of stand F and the possibility of slipping of the workpiece in stand F is very remote.
  • the closing of the solenoid valves 56 of stand F to interrupt the supply of lubricant to the rolls of stand F is conveniently effected when the tail end of the workpiece leaves the bite of the roll stand F, (that is to say, the first stand of the rolling mill of FIG.
  • the regulation of the supply of water to the spray nozzles of each roll stand can be set by manually operable valves in place of the valves 62a, 62b of FIG. 6: such manually operable valves may be operated individually or from a single manual control: for manual operation of the valves, remote operation by pneumatic controls is most convenient on a large plant.
  • the correct setting of the valves will be readily deten-ninable since the rolling program will be known.
  • the positioning of the spray nozzle 31 can be effected by manual control in accordance with the known rolling program.
  • the supply of lubricant to each spray nozzle can be manually adjusted for flow-rate according to the rolling program, but the actual initiation and interruption of the supply to each pair of nozzles as a workpiece passes from one end of the rolling mill to the other is preferably controlled by the passage of the workpiece through the mill rather than manually: accordingly, the roll stand load detectors 66 of FIG. 6 may be employed to regulate the opening and closing of valves in their correct sequence and timing, the valves when open permitting lubricant to mix and disperse at mixer units 69a, 69b, in the water supplied to the spray nozzles 31 in the same way as do the solenoid valves 56a, 56b, except that the degree of opening of the valves is under manual control.
  • manual control hereinbefore referred to, comprehends all manner of control by human intervention, whether by direct manipulation of the item of hardware which is thus controlled or by indirect control in which a manually operated control is employed indirectly to effect control through relays and/or servo-means and/or amplifiers.
  • a method for applying a lubricating wear-resisting liquid to at least one roll of a hot metal rolling stand in which metal strip varying in width is rolled comprising:
  • a method according to claim 1 in which the flow-rate of liquid through the nozzle is adjusted manually in dependence with the distance of the nozzle from the surface according to a predetermined program.
  • ester is a sterically hindered ester having a quaternary carbon atom in its molecules.
  • wear-resisting liquid comprises free carboxylic acid and/or partial esters having free hydroxyl groups.
  • wear-resisting liquid comprises free carboxylic acid, partial esters with free hydroxyl groups, and mixtures of both.
  • An apparatus for applying a lubricating wear-resisting liquid to at least one roll of a hot metal rolling stand in which metal strip varying in width is rolled comprising:
  • a nozzle mounted for projecting a divergent stream of said lubricating liquid upon a selected width of the surface of said roll;
  • each roll is sprayed with liquid at a substantially desired rate per unit area over a predetermined width according to a predetermined program.
  • An apparatus according to claim 20 comprising means for controlling the concentration of a roll-coating liquid in the liquid projected from each nozzle according to a predetermined program.
  • An apparatus comprising means for generating a first signal indicating that the head end of a workpiece has at least entered the bite of the rolling stand, means for generating a second signal indicating the approach of the tail end of the workpiece towards the bite, and control means which respond to the first signal to initiate the addition of the roll-coating liquid and which respond to the second signal to terminate the addition of the roll-coating liquid.
  • a rolling mill comprising at least one rolling stand comprising apparatus in accordance with claim 23.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
US13077A 1969-02-28 1970-02-20 System for distributing liquid over a surface Expired - Lifetime US3656330A (en)

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JP (1) JPS491145B1 (zh)
AR (1) AR197861A1 (zh)
BE (1) BE746625A (zh)
BR (1) BR7017117D0 (zh)
CA (1) CA927689A (zh)
DE (1) DE2009424A1 (zh)
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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3766763A (en) * 1971-01-13 1973-10-23 Southwire Co Continuous rolled rod direct cooling method and apparatus
US3803888A (en) * 1973-03-07 1974-04-16 Bethlehem Steel Corp Method of reducing rolling mill roll wear
US4912955A (en) * 1988-12-05 1990-04-03 Norandal Usa Inc. Spray system for rolling mill
US5212975A (en) * 1991-05-13 1993-05-25 International Rolling Mill Consultants, Inc. Method and apparatus for cooling rolling mill rolls and flat rolled products
US5235840A (en) * 1991-12-23 1993-08-17 Hot Rolling Consultants, Ltd. Process to control scale growth and minimize roll wear
WO2005065854A1 (de) * 2003-12-23 2005-07-21 Sms Demag Ag Verfahren zum schmieren von walzgut
US20090200209A1 (en) * 2008-02-11 2009-08-13 Sury Ken N Upgrading Bitumen In A Paraffinic Froth Treatment Process
US20100055299A1 (en) * 2008-09-02 2010-03-04 Nscrypt, Inc. Dispensing patterns including lines and dots at high speeds
CN106944305A (zh) * 2017-04-17 2017-07-14 长葛市长润钢结构有限公司 防水材料成型机和防水材料生产方法
CN113068626A (zh) * 2021-03-18 2021-07-06 安永如 一种兔笼
US20210213502A1 (en) * 2020-01-15 2021-07-15 Yanshan University Annular Cooling Device for Large-Scale Cylindrical Shell

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4178260A (en) * 1974-10-31 1979-12-11 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Ester based metal working lubricants
FR2497828B1 (fr) * 1981-01-09 1986-07-25 Usinor Dispositif d'etancheite pour machine de traitement de toles
EP0080790A3 (en) * 1981-08-10 1985-09-11 Tokyo Copal Chemical Company Limited Method and apparatus for forming an extremely thin film on the surface of an object
WO2005061137A1 (ja) 2003-12-24 2005-07-07 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. 潤滑剤供給システム、継目無管の製造装置、及び継目無管の製造方法
CN117772510B (zh) * 2024-02-23 2024-05-03 常州市爱伦机械有限公司 一种轴承抹油输送系统及其工作方法

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US1982571A (en) * 1928-02-02 1934-11-27 Walter R Clark Method of and apparatus for rolling metal
US1994691A (en) * 1933-10-19 1935-03-19 American Sheet & Tin Plate Apparatus for cleaning metal working rolls
US1994721A (en) * 1933-11-13 1935-03-19 American Sheet & Tin Plate Apparatus for maintaining constant the temperature of metal working rolls
US2849905A (en) * 1955-01-21 1958-09-02 United States Steel Corp Cooling water spray head and collector trough for mill rolls
US3150548A (en) * 1961-06-26 1964-09-29 United States Steel Corp Method and apparatus for controlling the thickness of rolled strip
US3200629A (en) * 1961-07-18 1965-08-17 Bethlehem Steel Corp Obtaining improved surface finishes on double reduced material
US3208253A (en) * 1963-05-10 1965-09-28 United States Steel Corp Control of rolling mill lubricant
US3289449A (en) * 1963-06-04 1966-12-06 United Eng Foundry Co Method and apparatus for cooling strip
US3423254A (en) * 1964-05-27 1969-01-21 Drever Co Roller pressure quench system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1982571A (en) * 1928-02-02 1934-11-27 Walter R Clark Method of and apparatus for rolling metal
US1994691A (en) * 1933-10-19 1935-03-19 American Sheet & Tin Plate Apparatus for cleaning metal working rolls
US1994721A (en) * 1933-11-13 1935-03-19 American Sheet & Tin Plate Apparatus for maintaining constant the temperature of metal working rolls
US2849905A (en) * 1955-01-21 1958-09-02 United States Steel Corp Cooling water spray head and collector trough for mill rolls
US3150548A (en) * 1961-06-26 1964-09-29 United States Steel Corp Method and apparatus for controlling the thickness of rolled strip
US3200629A (en) * 1961-07-18 1965-08-17 Bethlehem Steel Corp Obtaining improved surface finishes on double reduced material
US3208253A (en) * 1963-05-10 1965-09-28 United States Steel Corp Control of rolling mill lubricant
US3289449A (en) * 1963-06-04 1966-12-06 United Eng Foundry Co Method and apparatus for cooling strip
US3423254A (en) * 1964-05-27 1969-01-21 Drever Co Roller pressure quench system

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3766763A (en) * 1971-01-13 1973-10-23 Southwire Co Continuous rolled rod direct cooling method and apparatus
US3803888A (en) * 1973-03-07 1974-04-16 Bethlehem Steel Corp Method of reducing rolling mill roll wear
US4912955A (en) * 1988-12-05 1990-04-03 Norandal Usa Inc. Spray system for rolling mill
US5212975A (en) * 1991-05-13 1993-05-25 International Rolling Mill Consultants, Inc. Method and apparatus for cooling rolling mill rolls and flat rolled products
US5235840A (en) * 1991-12-23 1993-08-17 Hot Rolling Consultants, Ltd. Process to control scale growth and minimize roll wear
WO2005065854A1 (de) * 2003-12-23 2005-07-21 Sms Demag Ag Verfahren zum schmieren von walzgut
US20090038356A1 (en) * 2003-12-23 2009-02-12 Christian Bilgen Method for Lubricating Milling Material
CN1898038B (zh) * 2003-12-23 2011-03-09 Sms西马格股份公司 用于润滑轧制品的方法
KR101140808B1 (ko) 2003-12-23 2012-05-03 에스엠에스 지마크 악티엔게젤샤프트 압연물 윤활 방법
US8357291B2 (en) * 2008-02-11 2013-01-22 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Upgrading bitumen in a paraffinic froth treatment process
US20090200209A1 (en) * 2008-02-11 2009-08-13 Sury Ken N Upgrading Bitumen In A Paraffinic Froth Treatment Process
US20100055299A1 (en) * 2008-09-02 2010-03-04 Nscrypt, Inc. Dispensing patterns including lines and dots at high speeds
US12052828B2 (en) * 2008-09-02 2024-07-30 Nscrypt, Inc. Dispensing patterns including lines and dots at high speeds
CN106944305A (zh) * 2017-04-17 2017-07-14 长葛市长润钢结构有限公司 防水材料成型机和防水材料生产方法
US20210213502A1 (en) * 2020-01-15 2021-07-15 Yanshan University Annular Cooling Device for Large-Scale Cylindrical Shell
US11577289B2 (en) * 2020-01-15 2023-02-14 Yanshan University Annular cooling device for large-scale cylindrical shell
CN113068626A (zh) * 2021-03-18 2021-07-06 安永如 一种兔笼
CN113068626B (zh) * 2021-03-18 2022-11-25 安永如 一种兔笼

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Publication number Publication date
BR7017117D0 (pt) 1973-04-05
FR2035744A5 (zh) 1970-12-18
DE2009424A1 (de) 1970-12-17
AR197861A1 (es) 1974-05-15
BE746625A (fr) 1970-08-27
JPS491145B1 (zh) 1974-01-11
CA927689A (en) 1973-06-05
SE370188B (zh) 1974-10-07
GB1296991A (zh) 1972-11-22

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