US3655501A - Flexible materials - Google Patents
Flexible materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3655501A US3655501A US810565A US3655501DA US3655501A US 3655501 A US3655501 A US 3655501A US 810565 A US810565 A US 810565A US 3655501D A US3655501D A US 3655501DA US 3655501 A US3655501 A US 3655501A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- adhesive
- slits
- sheet
- sheet material
- pressure sensitive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
- A47G27/00—Floor fabrics; Fastenings therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
- C09J7/22—Plastics; Metallised plastics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
- D06N7/0063—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf
- D06N7/0089—Underlays
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S206/00—Special receptacle or package
- Y10S206/813—Adhesive
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
- Y10T428/24298—Noncircular aperture [e.g., slit, diamond, rectangular, etc.]
- Y10T428/24314—Slit or elongated
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
- Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
- Y10T428/2813—Heat or solvent activated or sealable
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31826—Of natural rubber
Definitions
- the present invention concerns expandable sheet material having at least one adhesive or nonslip rubber like surface thereto.
- Sheet material of this type are, for example, the generally known band or sheet shaped adhesive bands or creped material having a limited stretch characteristic.
- double adhesive bands which comprise an inner foil or woven insert and an adhesive layer at each side thereof. These bands are used to connect two surfaces together, for example for securing a floor covering to a floor. Having regard to the expensive character of the materials, it is usual to provide such material in strip form only and to secure the floor covering only along spaced lines, this requires a great deal of labor and great difficulties are encountered in avoiding a waviness orundulations in the fitted floor covering.
- Heat sensitive connecting sheets are also known, such sheets are placed between two articles, softened by the application of heat, to render them tacky, and allowed to cool and solidify to connect the two articles together.
- a pressure sensitive adhesive to the whole of a surface; and especially to a part of the surface, such as on the back ofeatpetsflequires that a pre-treatment be carried out on the said surface possiblyas a manufacturing step in the production of the carpet. It is preferable to apply a pressure sensitive adhesive in strip form to the back of carpets, but such a course is not possible owing to problems of transportation, the strips of pressure sensitive adhesive, generally 2 to 5 mm wide, cause difficulties .in transportation.
- carpet underlays are known which are produced by interweaving threads particularly jute threads in leno weave and subsequent impregnating such threads with latex, the impregnated sheet being vulcanized to give an adhesive rubber like net, which laid between the carpet and the floor, should prevent slipping.
- the net easily displaces.
- the primary object of the invention is to provide a sheet material of the aforementioned type having some or all of the following characteristics.
- a sheet material has slits passing therethrough which allow an enlargement of the initial surface of the sheet material in at least one direction.
- a slit is to be understood as being a cut through the material having an opening dimension in the transverse direction of the cut or slit substantially equal to zero.
- the adhesive sheet material may consist of a web like carri er having a plurality of slits, provided on one or both surfaces with an adhesive substance, or a self supporn'ng track or rib pattern in sheet or foil form.
- the track or ribs itself has a suitably high cohesion or it contains material nonadhesive per se such as loose fibers.
- These self supporting adhesive substances may be sticky and sensitive to pressure at room temperature or they may be non-adhesive at room temperature, activation of the adhesive being possible by means of, for example, solvents, heat or other treatments known per se and including activating means such as high frequency radiation or ultrasonics.
- the sheet material can have adhesive at one surface and one anti-slip surface.
- the structures may comprise carpet underlays thin or insulating carrier material (foam material, felt, rubber) which are inherently superior to known loose nettings as regards anti-slip properties, the sheet material being capable of ready attachment to a floor and receiving the carpet to be held loosely and in non-slip relationship thereon.
- carpet underlays thin or insulating carrier material foam material, felt, rubber
- Such a product can be produced by suitable impregnation of the two opposite faces of a suitable flat carrier material or by coating one side of a sheet material, itself having non-slip properties, with a pressure sensitive adhesive for example with a latex bonded or a latex impregnated fibrous fleece, or with a sheet of latex or resilient plastic, for example a vinylacetate ethylene co-polymer onto which a pressure sensitive adhesive can be applied.
- a pressure sensitive adhesive for example with a latex bonded or a latex impregnated fibrous fleece, or with a sheet of latex or resilient plastic, for example a vinylacetate ethylene co-polymer onto which a pressure sensitive adhesive can be applied.
- the slits can be made either before or after application of the separation layer. If the slits are made after application of the non-adhesive separation layer or layers the laminated product is first stretched and one side of the exposed adhesive surface thereof is then secured to the substratum, for example a parquet fiooring material, by pressure, and after removal of the separating sheet covering the adhesive surface thus exposed adhesive surface is pressed against the old floor and holds the new flooring material in place on the floor that is being covered.
- the substratum for example a parquet fiooring material
- the adhesive coated sheet material If only the adhesive coated sheet material is provided with slits, it can be drawn from a supply roll and separated from the unslitted separator sheet whilst being stretched to the required dimension as, the separator sheet is drawn off in the opposite direction.
- This method has the advantage of easier withdrawal from the roll and if, for covering a space some 6 meters in length, a slit adhesive in its unstretched state is stretched threefold, a separation sheet, for example a silicon paper, of 7 only 2 meters has been required.
- the adhesive power of the drawn out adhesive coated sheet is reduced by, in the ratio of the initial surface to the final surface, in this case 1:3.
- FIGS. 1 49 show a selection of possibilities for design and arrangement of the slits
- FIG. 50 shows a partial elevational section of an embodiment of a sheet material according to the invention
- FIG. 51 shows a plan view of another embodiment of a sheet material
- FIG. 52 shows a section taken along the line 52-52 of FIG. 5 1.
- An arrangement of slits as shown in FIG. 4 gives products with less stretchability but an exceptionally high capability to stretch with less tendency to further tearing for use where curves, contours and difficult surfaces and room shapes are connected together or on use of materials having adhesive on one side only for reinforcing, for example an air-permeable wrapping to reinforce pipes.
- This reinforcement may be used to advantage if a reinforced product has to have further layers applied which are to only partially cover the existing layers. This bonding between successive layers is, for the first time, possible through the slits, for example in sculpture work with plaster, on continuous application of several layers of plastic, foamed materials and so on.
- interesting possibilities of stretching and expanding result from the various altered slit structures indicated in FIGS. 5, 6 to 8 and 10 to 13. As the slits are brought from the parallel arrangement into more inclined, overlapped and angular arrangements shown, so the expansion characteristics vary to give a capability for expansion in more than one direction.
- FIGS. 17, 18, 21, 22, and 32 produce structures capable of expanding in at least two directions, whilst FIG. in particular has a capability of expansion in nearly all directions.
- FIGS. 35, 36 and 38 and 42 to 47 show a range of possibilities without forming any restriction for the most suitable shape for each case.
- FIGS. 29 to 31 and 49 and 50 show a group of arrangements of slits.
- one side pressure sensitive adhesive the other side a water soluble glue, or alternatively a structure consisting of an adhesive which is solid at room temperature, yet which can be activated, and a coating of pressure sensitive adhesive at one side of the structure; this allows, after the slitting and stretching the material the oppositely facing two tracks I and II, to be provisionally connect mutually the the pressure sensitive adhesive surfaces as shown in FIG. 50 and after a subsequent activating process, by making sticky the surfaces A, and A a permanent connection of the three layers.
- This activating is possible in the known manner by heating, high frequency radiation, ultra sonics, solvents and so on.
- these expandable adhesive coated sheet materials can be used for making prefabricated products sticky, for example for material in plates, rolls or sheets, in order, for example, to allow a partial surface coating with adhesive without the necessity of employing a special coating machine.
- the adhesive coated sheet material is slit and is pulled apart before application to the substratum, and it is then firmly connected by one side in a continuous operation, if desired with prior activation of one side and simultaneous application of a non-adhesive sheet corresponding to giving it a partial surface stickiness.
- the selection of the direction of the slits is to be adjusted according to the purpose desired, particularly to an expansion in the longitudinal direction, in the transverse direction or in some other direction.
- the slits may also be distributed diversely over the surface, let out or arranged to form stripes or patterns, combinations of slits of different sizes and shapes are possible with for example long slits small slits or so called micro-slits.
- a favourable embodiment consists of a carpet underlay of soft foam material about 6 mm thick coated on one or both sides with pressure sensitive adhesive, and in the case of one sided adhesive coating the other side is rubber-like so that it prevents slip or is sufficiently adhering by its pores, that the loose laying of this layer on the floor and an adhesive connection of the floor covering or vice versa appears favourable.
- the main advantage here in addition to the saving of material by the enlargement of the sheet coverage area, is in the particularly soft and comfortable tread and in the increased sound insulation of footsteps in that a part of the noise can be absorbed through the open slits by a rough or porous subfloor.
- a further embodiment of one sided adhesive web is as court-plaster or wound plaster.
- a resilient sheet material adapting to the shape of the body and to movement is in general desired (which so far has been achieved only by use of a resilient carrier), as well as the breathing and aeration necessary for healing the wound, the latter being achieved by utilizing a porous carrier and/or by providing air holes in the carrier.
- the sheet material according to the invention can provide a remedy in the simplest manner without any loss of material and using the cheapest impermeable carrier material such as sheet plastic.
- the carrier material is slit before coating with the adhesive substance and the same applied full face or both are slit together, and preferably with the so-called micro-slits and also arranged in rows only where expansion and permeability are desired and in an arrangement of slits which allows expansion in one or more directions.
- FIGS. 51 and 52 show a combination of so-called micro-slits with larger slits for additional aeration.
- the sheet material according to the invention is also suitable for application in the context of clothing.
- an acceptable insert for shirt collars and outer garments is obtained if a thermoplastic sheet which has been expanded in the width or stretched in the direction of the slits is laminated, when in a transversely stretched state, with a cotton fabric.
- sheets of polyamide 11 and 12 are particularly suitable for this.
- Adhesive inserts in which the layer of adhesive is a slit plastic sheet have the great advantage of limited stiffness in the direction of the slits and much greater flexibility in the direction transverse to the slits. This is very important in collars on dress shirts, which should be relatively stiff in the longitudinal direction (so that varied shrinkage of the outer material on washing does not lead to puckering of the collar) but soft in the transverse direction so that the collar fits well. In mens suits stiffness in the longitudinal direction is also very desirable so that the product always appears ironed, on the other hand the suit should be supple, soft and resilient in the width so that the jacket does not sit like armour.
- thermoplastic sheet expanded in the width is laminated between two non-thermoplastic sheets and the sheets are then allowed to shrink by heat treatment a cloque effect is obtained.
- the sheet material according to the invention is not only suitable for the purposes described above, but also for various others, particularly for insulation, sound damping and for decorative purposes.
- a sheet of material adapted to be used as an underlay for a floor covering said sheet having two surfaces, at least one of said surfaces having thereon means for effecting adhesion of said one surface to another surface, said sheet having at least two sets of plural spaced slits therein, the slits of one of said sets being parallel to each other but other than parallel to the slits of the other of said sets, the slits of the second of said sets all being parallel to each other, said slits of said two sets defining a plurality of rib portions therebetween, said rib portions being adapted for arching movement away from the plane of said sheet whereby the initial surface of said sheet may be enlarged in at least two directions.
- a sheet material as set forth in claim 1, wherein one side is provided with a layer of adhesive and the other side with a non-slip rubber like surface.
- a sheet material as set forth in claim 1, wherein a rubber-like non-slip carrier is laminated with a pressure sensitive adhesive.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH456568A CH500835A (de) | 1968-03-26 | 1968-03-26 | Geschlitztes textiles Flächengebilde, bei dem eine oder beide Oberflächen mit einer Klebstoffschicht versehen sind und mindestens eine Oberfläche rutschhemmende Eigenschaften aufweist |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3655501A true US3655501A (en) | 1972-04-11 |
Family
ID=4278446
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US810565A Expired - Lifetime US3655501A (en) | 1968-03-26 | 1969-03-26 | Flexible materials |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3655501A (es) |
AT (1) | AT304736B (es) |
BE (1) | BE730478A (es) |
CH (3) | CH456568A4 (es) |
DE (1) | DE1915521A1 (es) |
FR (1) | FR2004764A7 (es) |
GB (1) | GB1265674A (es) |
NL (1) | NL6904703A (es) |
Cited By (146)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3906578A (en) * | 1973-10-17 | 1975-09-23 | W Rene Huber | Lint remover having localized projections |
US3944694A (en) * | 1973-04-03 | 1976-03-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Article for conditioning fabrics in a clothes dryer |
US3958751A (en) * | 1974-10-17 | 1976-05-25 | Bruno Edward C | Slitted packaging apparatus |
US3993819A (en) * | 1974-01-23 | 1976-11-23 | Draftex Development A.G. | Channel-shaped sealing, finishing and guide strips and methods of making them |
US4244502A (en) * | 1978-09-15 | 1981-01-13 | Sven Iveter | Dispenser for roll of flexible strip |
US4262059A (en) * | 1978-05-22 | 1981-04-14 | Frankowski Leo A | Method for making a thin-walled object |
US4274661A (en) * | 1971-06-23 | 1981-06-23 | Monarch Marking Systems, Inc. | Composite web of pressure sensitive labels |
US4274902A (en) * | 1976-08-19 | 1981-06-23 | Monarch Marking Systems, Inc. | Method of dispensing labels |
US4306675A (en) * | 1980-07-01 | 1981-12-22 | Central Container Corporation | Article divider for boxes |
US4337217A (en) * | 1981-04-22 | 1982-06-29 | Raschig Gmbh | Contacting arrangement for mass transfer operations and set of plates for use in said arrangement |
US4344910A (en) * | 1978-04-01 | 1982-08-17 | Stamicarbon, B.V. | Process for the manufacture of water-hardening material |
US4426343A (en) | 1979-05-18 | 1984-01-17 | Montedison S.P.A. | Process for producing composite reticular structures |
US4503561A (en) * | 1983-08-12 | 1985-03-05 | Bruno Edward C | Bag for packaged produce |
US4537809A (en) * | 1979-04-09 | 1985-08-27 | Avery International Corporation | Van label having non-linear discontinuous score lines in the backing |
US4549063A (en) * | 1979-04-09 | 1985-10-22 | Avery International Corporation | Method for producing labels having discontinuous score lines in the backing |
US4957791A (en) * | 1988-09-29 | 1990-09-18 | Richter Manufacturing Corporation | Packing sleeve |
US5005758A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1991-04-09 | Eastman Kodak Company | Envelope constructed for ink jet printing |
US5139848A (en) * | 1990-02-03 | 1992-08-18 | H. Krantz Gmbh & Co. | Anti-friction combination section with differential expansion means |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL6904703A (es) | 1969-09-30 |
CH511706A (de) | 1971-08-31 |
CH456568A4 (es) | 1970-08-14 |
GB1265674A (es) | 1972-03-01 |
DE1915521A1 (de) | 1969-10-09 |
FR2004764A7 (es) | 1969-11-28 |
BE730478A (es) | 1969-09-01 |
AT304736B (de) | 1973-01-25 |
CH500835A (de) | 1970-12-31 |
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