US3649874A - Overvoltage arrester - Google Patents

Overvoltage arrester Download PDF

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Publication number
US3649874A
US3649874A US66916A US3649874DA US3649874A US 3649874 A US3649874 A US 3649874A US 66916 A US66916 A US 66916A US 3649874D A US3649874D A US 3649874DA US 3649874 A US3649874 A US 3649874A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
ceramic
electrodes
shaped
glass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US66916A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Peche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19691944564 external-priority patent/DE1944564C3/de
Application filed by Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3649874A publication Critical patent/US3649874A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/58—Testing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
    • H01T4/12—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel hermetically sealed

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an overvoltage arrester with a gastight housing, in which electrodes are arranged opposite each other, which electrodes form simultaneously the housing of the overvoltage arrester, with at least one ceramic insulating member, which housing incorporates vacuumtight ceramic-glass-metal sealing.
  • a gas discharge container of the kind to which the present invention is generally concerned and serves as overvoltage arrester is make known in theGerman Letters Patent 930,400.
  • two caplike designed electrodes are respectively slid from one side onto tube-shaped projections of a ring-shaped ceramic insulating member which lies between the tube-shaped projections has a larger outer diameter than the projections and serves as a separation ring for the electrodes, which separation determines the exact electrode distance.
  • a ring-shaped glassmetal sealing which extends all around the housing, extends over the outer circumference side of the insulating members center part and connects the two electrodes with each other in a vacuumtight manner.
  • the overvoltage arrester is pumped empty with a suction rod, filled with inert gas, and connected in a vacuumtight manner by means of a soldering process.
  • the mechanical strength of the vacuumtight connection represents an essential problem with a prior art overvoltage arrester, since the ring-shaped glass sealing, which runs around the outside of the housing, lies on the outside of the ceramic insulating body with the major portion of its inner surface, and forms a glass-metal sealing which respectively seals the housing only at its two edges in the small width of the electrode-material thickness.
  • the glass-metal scaling is too narrow, compared with the entire width of the glass sealing, to be able to take mechanic stresses to a sufficiently large extent.
  • a vacuumtight and mechanically stable firm connection among the electrodes and the insulating member, without concern about thermic expansion coefficients might be possible in the form of a hard-solder connection.
  • there is an essential problem namely that insulating between the electrodes is endangered since a part of the hard-soldering material evaporates due to the working processes, during the soldering process.
  • the hard-solder material then can settle on the insulating member, in part, or run along on the latter in liquid form, and cause there conductive islands or paths. If such an island or path is connected galvanically with an electrode, a cathode point can come about on the insulator during a discharge of the overvoltage arrester.
  • the ceramic insulating member within the gastight housing, has at least one surface which remains free, which surface extends all around on a side facing away from the longitudinal axis of the overvoltage arrester, and which forms-together with the electrode parts which adjoin the insulating memberan annular tee-slot.
  • the glass is arranged which forrns the ceramic-glass-metal sealing between the ceramic insulating member and the adjacent electrode portions.
  • the electrode material which is evaporated during operation cannot reach this surface.
  • the insulation of the electrodes which also guarantees the ceramicglass-metal scaling, is also preserved during the operation of the overvoltage arrester.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of one embodiment of an overvoltage arrester according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of another embodiment of an overvoltage arrester according to the present invention.
  • electrodes have been enumerated with l and 2, which simultaneously serve as gastight housing for the overvoltage arrester, to a large degree.
  • the electrode 1 has the shape of a hollow cylinder with an end wall 1, and its inner diameter is enlarged stagelike at the other, open end 1''.
  • a ceramic-glass-metal sealing 6 is arranged at the bottom of the annular tee-slot 13 between the insulating member 2 and the adjacent electrode parts, and it connects the electrode 1 with the insulating member 3 in a gastight manner and mechanically rigid.
  • An electrode 2 which is designed as massive, longitudinal cylinder with an end cap, is fixed with the end cap on the other side of the insulating member 3 at its longitudinal member in the same manner as the electrode 1, and it extends freely through the insulating member 3 within the longitudinal cylinder, and centrically into the hollow-cylinder-shaped electrode 1.
  • An auxiliary ignition electrode 5 may be fixed at the frontal side of the insulating member 3.
  • the electrodes 1 and 2 form a discharge chamber 4 between themselves, opposite which the two annular tee-slots 13 are disposed shaded off by the member 3. Electrode material, which evaporates during the operation of the overvoltage arrester from the discharge chamber 4, cannot reach any of the two annular tee-slots from their partially hidden positions. A galvanic connection between the insulating member 3, on one hand, and the electrodes 1 and 2, on the other hand, is thus practically impossible, since the surfaces 7 in the annual teeslots 13, which extend around in a circle, are safely free of conductive islands and paths.
  • an electrode which has been enumerated with 9 has the shape of a metal rod mounted in an end cap 10.
  • the end cap 10 which forms a bulge extending in the shape of a V around the metal rod 9 into the gastight housing, is inserted in a gastight manner into one end of a ring-shaped ceramic insulating member 8 with the help of a ceramic-glass-metal sealing 6.
  • a second electrode 11 which lies opposite to the rodshaped electrode 9 extends into a pot-shaped electrode 11.
  • the part 12 forms an annular slot 13 with the surface 7 of the insulating member 8 which is opposite to it and which extends all around.
  • the frontal surface of the electrode 9 and the bottom of the electrode 11 are activated with a matter which lowers the work function.
  • the discharge chamber 4 lies between these surfaces, and opposite to the discharge chamber is the annular slot 13, shaded-off by the member 12.
  • Electrode material which evaporates during the operation of the overvoltage arrester from the discharge chamber 4 cannot reach the slot 13 from there nor the surface 7 of the insulating member 8 which surface extends around in a circle and lies directly opposite to the V-shaped bulge of the end cap 10.
  • a galvanic connection between the insulating member 8 on one hand and the electrodes 9 and 11 on the other hand is thus also practically impossible with the arrester of FIG. 2.
  • the ceramic-glass-metal sealing 6 between the insulating members 3 or 8 and the electrodes 1 and 2 or and 11, 12, can be produced in such a way that the open end 1" of the electrode 1 or the end cap of the electrode 2, 10, or 1 l, 12, is glazed according to the prior-known methods of glass-metal connections.
  • the electrodes or the electrode caps are heated according to the high-frequency method, and the glazing is melted.
  • the glazed electrode parts then connect themselves gastightly with the ceramic of the insulating member and the porous ceramic surface is then sealed by means of the glass.
  • Overvoltage arresters with a ceramic-glass-metal sealing also have the advantage that with their preferably suction rod free production, only the electrodes themselves have to be guided exactly, and the exact position of the insulating member is not of such great importance. Tolerances, which agpear between the electrodes and the insulating body during t e production, are namely evened out by means of the ceramic-glass-metal sealing which becomes firm.
  • the invention is of particular importance for overvoltage arresters of small dimension.
  • the embodiment which is shown in FIG. 1, for instance, has been constructed with a diameter of 8 mm. and a length of 20 mm.
  • the invention is not limited to overvoltage arresters with only two electrodes. It may also be applied, with particular advantage, for overvoltage arresters with more than two electrodes, whereby, of course, two electrodes respectively are separated electrically by an insulating member with features according to this invention.
  • H" g An overvoltage arrester in a gastight housing including a first electrode and a second electrode arranged opposite one another and a ring-shaped ceramic insulating member which together with said electrodes fonns said housing and means providing a vacuumtight ceramic to metal connection, the improvement therein wherein said means providing said vacuumtight ceramic to metal connection includes portions of said electrodes which surround and embrace said insulating member and including glass at the transitions between said electrodes and said insulating member forming a pressure connection.
  • said ceramic ring member has a T-shaped cross section with the horizontal member of the T directed vertically parallel to said axis
  • said second electrode includes a longitudinal cylinder and an end cap, said end cap sealed to said ceramic ring member by means of a respective glass portion, said cylinder extending through said ring member, said first electrode shaped as a cup sealed to said ring member by means of a respective glass portion and receiving therein said cylinder.
  • said first electrode includes a metal rod and an end cap mounting said rod and having a V-shaped bulge directed generally along the direction of said rod
  • said second electrode is cap shaped and receives said rod therein and spaced therefrom, a symmetrical annular member mounting said second electrode, a first of said glass portions sealing said end cap to said ceramic ring member and a second of said electrodes sealing said ceramic ring member to said symmetrical mounting member.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
US66916A 1969-09-02 1970-08-26 Overvoltage arrester Expired - Lifetime US3649874A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691944564 DE1944564C3 (de) 1969-09-02 Überspannungsableiter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3649874A true US3649874A (en) 1972-03-14

Family

ID=5744430

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US66916A Expired - Lifetime US3649874A (en) 1969-09-02 1970-08-26 Overvoltage arrester

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3649874A (de)
JP (1) JPS516856B1 (de)
AT (1) AT303873B (de)
CH (1) CH517391A (de)
FR (1) FR2060351B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1274393A (de)
SE (1) SE358995B (de)
ZA (1) ZA706001B (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3772570A (en) * 1971-02-11 1973-11-13 Siemens Ag Gas-discharge overvoltage arrester
US3775642A (en) * 1971-01-25 1973-11-27 Siemens Ag Gas discharge excess voltage arrester
US3849704A (en) * 1972-10-27 1974-11-19 Franklin Electric Co Inc Lightning arrestor
US3878423A (en) * 1973-05-31 1975-04-15 Comtelco Uk Ltd Electrical surge arrestor having fail-safe properties
US4142220A (en) * 1977-09-26 1979-02-27 Reliable Electric Company Multi arc gap surge arrester
US4175277A (en) * 1976-11-08 1979-11-20 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Voltage surge protector
FR2459547A1 (fr) * 1979-06-21 1981-01-09 Materiel Telephonique Parafoudre a decharge dans un gaz et son procede de fabrication
US4320435A (en) * 1979-03-06 1982-03-16 Tii Industries, Inc. Surge arrester assembly
US4394704A (en) * 1979-03-06 1983-07-19 Tii Corporation Surge arrester assembly
US4769736A (en) * 1986-06-25 1988-09-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gas discharge surge arrester
US20080218082A1 (en) * 2005-08-02 2008-09-11 Epcos Ag Spark-Discharge Gap
US11025037B2 (en) * 2017-07-05 2021-06-01 Tdk Electronics Ag Arrester for protection against overvoltages

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4687503B2 (ja) * 2006-02-28 2011-05-25 三菱マテリアル株式会社 サージアブソーバ
JP4770550B2 (ja) * 2006-03-29 2011-09-14 三菱マテリアル株式会社 サージアブソーバ
EP3330892A1 (de) 2016-11-30 2018-06-06 Ricoh Company Ltd. Informationsverarbeitungsvorrichtung, bildgebungsvorrichtung, vorrichtungssteuerungssystem, mobiles objekt, informationsverarbeitungsverfahren und trägeranordnung

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3454811A (en) * 1967-04-18 1969-07-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Gas tube surge (overload) protection device
US3538382A (en) * 1968-01-19 1970-11-03 Gen Electric Triggered vacuum gap overvoltage protective device

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE714139C (de) * 1938-04-26 1941-11-21 Siemens & Halske Akt Ges UEberspannungsableiter
GB622645A (en) * 1945-03-10 1949-05-05 Mallory & Co Inc P R Improvements in methods of making spark gaps, apparatus therefor, and product thereof
GB648997A (en) * 1948-04-06 1951-01-17 Siemens Electric Lamps & Suppl Improvements relating to electrical excess voltage protective devices
GB839083A (en) * 1957-03-15 1960-06-29 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in vacuum type electric switches
GB874215A (en) * 1958-10-24 1961-08-02 Gen Electric Improvements in electric overvoltage discharge device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3454811A (en) * 1967-04-18 1969-07-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Gas tube surge (overload) protection device
US3538382A (en) * 1968-01-19 1970-11-03 Gen Electric Triggered vacuum gap overvoltage protective device

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3775642A (en) * 1971-01-25 1973-11-27 Siemens Ag Gas discharge excess voltage arrester
US3772570A (en) * 1971-02-11 1973-11-13 Siemens Ag Gas-discharge overvoltage arrester
US3849704A (en) * 1972-10-27 1974-11-19 Franklin Electric Co Inc Lightning arrestor
US3878423A (en) * 1973-05-31 1975-04-15 Comtelco Uk Ltd Electrical surge arrestor having fail-safe properties
US4175277A (en) * 1976-11-08 1979-11-20 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Voltage surge protector
US4142220A (en) * 1977-09-26 1979-02-27 Reliable Electric Company Multi arc gap surge arrester
US4394704A (en) * 1979-03-06 1983-07-19 Tii Corporation Surge arrester assembly
US4320435A (en) * 1979-03-06 1982-03-16 Tii Industries, Inc. Surge arrester assembly
FR2459547A1 (fr) * 1979-06-21 1981-01-09 Materiel Telephonique Parafoudre a decharge dans un gaz et son procede de fabrication
US4769736A (en) * 1986-06-25 1988-09-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gas discharge surge arrester
US20080218082A1 (en) * 2005-08-02 2008-09-11 Epcos Ag Spark-Discharge Gap
US8169145B2 (en) * 2005-08-02 2012-05-01 Epcos Ag Spark-discharge gap for power system protection device
US11025037B2 (en) * 2017-07-05 2021-06-01 Tdk Electronics Ag Arrester for protection against overvoltages

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS516856B1 (de) 1976-03-02
CH517391A (de) 1971-12-31
GB1274393A (en) 1972-05-17
DE1944564B2 (de) 1975-04-30
ZA706001B (en) 1971-04-28
SE358995B (de) 1973-08-13
FR2060351B1 (de) 1974-03-22
FR2060351A1 (de) 1971-06-18
DE1944564A1 (de) 1971-03-04
AT303873B (de) 1972-12-11

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