US3632301A - Process and apparatus for the fixing of dyes - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for the fixing of dyes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3632301A
US3632301A US556618A US3632301DA US3632301A US 3632301 A US3632301 A US 3632301A US 556618 A US556618 A US 556618A US 3632301D A US3632301D A US 3632301DA US 3632301 A US3632301 A US 3632301A
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United States
Prior art keywords
temperature
heating
steam
treatment
fixing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US556618A
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English (en)
Inventor
Christian Augu Meier-Windhorst
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MEIER WINDHORST CHRISTIAN A
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MEIER WINDHORST CHRISTIAN A
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
    • E03B3/06—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from underground
    • E03B3/08—Obtaining and confining water by means of wells
    • E03B3/10—Obtaining and confining water by means of wells by means of pit wells
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/20—Physical treatments affecting dyeing, e.g. ultrasonic or electric
    • D06P5/2066—Thermic treatments of textile materials
    • D06P5/2077—Thermic treatments of textile materials after dyeing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/92—Synthetic fiber dyeing
    • Y10S8/922—Polyester fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/92—Synthetic fiber dyeing
    • Y10S8/924—Polyamide fiber

Definitions

  • Torchin Assistant Examiner-John Winkelman Attorney-Richards and Geier ABSTRACT A dye-fixing process which follows the treatment of lengths of materials containing synthetic fibers, such as polyester and polyamide fibers, with dyes, including dispersion dyes, said process comprising the steps of heating a dried dye-carrying length of material with pure steam or a steam-air mixture containing over 75 percent steam by volume by condensation of steam to a saturation temperature of substantially to 1001 C., then heating said length of material with media having heat-transmission values of at least 50 k. caL/m flC. /h. by a heating curve which is a continuously increasing temperature of the fabric and which approaches asymptotically and then reaches a fixing and treating temperature of at least 150:.
  • the heat flux being determined by measuring temperatures, duration, length surfaces as well as average flow amounts and speeds, and then subjecting the material to a continuous thermostorage treatment at said treating temperature for a time period ranging between 10 and seconds.
  • This invention relates to a process for fixing dyestuffs in textile-printing and dyeing, and to apparatus for carrying out the process.
  • a process for continuous fixing of dyestuffs on webs of material at normal atmospheric pressure in which a web to be treated, after impregnation or printing, is dried; heated to predetermined dye-fixing temperature; and then subjected, at this temperature, to a duration dye-fixing treatment, and in which the drying, heating and at least part of the dye-fixing treatment is carried out in a medium comprising pure superheated steam or a steam-air mixture having a steam content of over 80 percent.
  • apparatus for carrying out the process aforesaid including a preliminary condensation-heating chamber, a heating chamber for heating a web of material to a predetermined treatment temperature, and a duration dye-fixing heat treatment chamber, sequentially arranged in a common housing.
  • a polyester web having a dispersion dyestuff print undergoes a preliminary, steam-condensation heating to around 100 C. in an atmosphere of pure steam, or a steam air mixture with a steam content of at least 80 percent.
  • the web is then heated to a duration treatment temperature of 155 C. and then undergoes duration dye-fixing in an atmosphere of pure steam for a treatment time of 45 seconds.
  • the heating to the treatment temperature is carried out in an atmosphere of pure steam, or a steam-air mixture with a steam content of at least 80 percent and has a heat transfer of 50 k. cal./m. /C. with a heat transfer characteristic in which the desired duration dyefixing temperature of 155 C. is approached asymptotically.
  • Relatively more brilliant color effects may be obtained if a predetermined amount of radiation heating is applied to the material during the heating to the desired treatment temperature.
  • the process according tot the invention is also applicable to simultaneous dye-fixing of dyestuffs of various types applied to materials comprising, on the one hand natural and regenerated fibers, or on the other hand synthetic fibers.
  • the process is of major importance in printing and dyeing of materials comprising mixtures of fibers. In this case relatively low treatment times are chosen from the ranges available.
  • FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating various temperature/time characteristic curves
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic sectional view of apparatus for carrying out the process according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a high temperature continuous steamer
  • FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3 and showing a modification.
  • the temperature/time or heat-transfer characteristic curves shown in FIG. 1, indicate the temperature of a material being treated at any given time.
  • Curve 1 shows the rise in temperature of the material during the preliminary, condensationheating to -l00 C. with relatively high heat-transfer.
  • Curve 2 refers to a slight convective heating, as would result if superheated pure steam without any intense motion of the steam were used to heat the material to the desired treatment temperature, and which often never quite reaches the desired temperature because of various losses.
  • Curve 3 shows the characteristic of the heat-transfer to a material undergoing the process according to the invention, showing the relatively high heat-transfer and having a heat-transfer characteristic with asymptotic approximation to the desired duration treatment temperature.
  • Curve 4 shows the heat transfer characteristic in a modified process according to the invention and in which a relatively short duration is included after the preliminary condensation-heating to 90-l00 C.
  • Curves 5 and 6 show the heat transfer characteristics of a further modified process according to the invention, which includes boost" heating to a temperature in excess of the desired treatment temperature, followed by asymptotic coolings to the desired treatment temperature by means of strong convective cooling. 160 C. is given as an optimum desired duration treatment temperature in the given examples. The extension of the duration of the individual phases of the process is not shown exactly to scale, in order to make the graph more clearly understandable.
  • the relatively short duration incorporated after the preliminary condensation-heating is in the range of 5 to 10 seconds, the preliminary condensation-heating lasts for l to 2 seconds, the heating above the desired treatment temperature lasts for 2 to 5 seconds and the duration treatment time is in the range of 10 to I00 seconds.
  • a web of material 9 is first led into a housing 10 including a chamber 11 in which chamber it undergoes preliminary condensation-heating to approximately the saturation temperature of the steam (9 to C.) in a medium having a steam content in the range 75 to 100 percent and having a temperature in the range of 100-l 20 C.
  • Spraytubes 24 are provided in the chamber 11 for the introduction of the medium.
  • the web passes to a zone 26, (FIG. 2) where the material 9 is subjected to radiation heating to approximately as of the desired treatment temperature.
  • the radiation-heating may alternatively be situated in the chamber 12 at the beginning of the last third of the heating to the desired treatment temperature.
  • the web 9 now passes to a heating chamber 12 which is shielded from the chamber 11 by a partition wall 25, which is isolated by seals 15, and in which the web 9 is brought to the desired treatment temperature by convective heat-transfer having the desired asymptotic heat-transfer characteristic.
  • the heating medium is supplied through sieve jets 31 provided in a duct 28.
  • the feeding of the medium to the jets 31 is efi'ected by a blower 29 which transports the steam of medium through heat exchangers 30, in a closed circuit.
  • From the chamber 12 the web 9 passes into a duration dye-fixing treatment chamber 13 to which the treatment medium is supplied through jets 27.
  • the latter may be provided in the duct 28 (FIGS.
  • the housing as can be seen from the drawings, contains all three chambers l1, 12, 13 and is provided with insulation 8 on its outer walls.
  • a lock 14 At the entry of the web 9 into the housing 10, there is provided a lock 14 and at the exit therefrom a similar lock 16.
  • the locks 14, 16 are provided with seals l7, 18 which prevent cold air from entering the housing 10, and steam from escaping into surrounding space.
  • suction tubes 19 and 20 are provided in front of and behind the entry and exit for the strip, which open into a common suction duct 21.
  • the chamber 11 may be made in such a way (see FIG. 4) that the web 9 only lies on the rollers 22 on one side and before placing the web on its other side on the rollers is necessary, the web is led through a jet-drier 7, in which drying of the dyestuff occurs to such an extent that spotting is avoided.
  • a dye-fixing process which follows the treatment of lengths of materials containing synthetic fibers, such as polyester and polyamide fibers, with dyes, including dispersion dyes, said process comprising the steps of heating a dried dye-carrying length of material with pure steam or a steam-air mixture containing over 75 percent steam by volume by condensation of steam to a saturation temperature of substantially to C., then heating said length of material with media having heat transmission values of at least 50 k. cal./m*/C./h.
  • thermostorage treatment at said treating temperature for a time period ranging between 10 and 100 seconds.
  • thermostorage treatment takes place in pure steam.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
US556618A 1965-06-10 1966-06-10 Process and apparatus for the fixing of dyes Expired - Lifetime US3632301A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEA0049439 1965-06-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3632301A true US3632301A (en) 1972-01-04

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US556618A Expired - Lifetime US3632301A (en) 1965-06-10 1966-06-10 Process and apparatus for the fixing of dyes

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3632301A (es)
JP (1) JPS5134030B1 (es)
AT (1) AT305187B (es)
CH (2) CH842966A4 (es)
CS (1) CS158604B2 (es)
DE (1) DE1460758A1 (es)
ES (1) ES327770A1 (es)
GB (1) GB1149379A (es)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3807950A (en) * 1971-10-13 1974-04-30 R Rogers Method of dyeing and/or washing fabric
US4225313A (en) * 1968-05-10 1980-09-30 Ciba-Geigy, Ag Dyeing and printing processes
US7537621B1 (en) 2005-07-27 2009-05-26 Hbi Branded Apparel Enterprises, Llc Method for dyeing a nonwoven fabric and apparel formed therefrom

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH623752A5 (es) * 1977-06-06 1981-06-30 Bachofen & Meier Maschf
JPS56138503A (en) * 1980-03-28 1981-10-29 Nichiden Mach Ltd Speed controller
JPS601486A (ja) * 1983-06-17 1985-01-07 Toyooki Kogyo Co Ltd 電磁切換弁

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US505725A (en) * 1893-09-26 Gael schnurch
US2008230A (en) * 1933-06-06 1935-07-16 Spooner William Wycliffe Steaming of webs of material
US2453796A (en) * 1945-04-16 1948-11-16 Jellinek Curt Textile steaming or ageing machine
GB742207A (en) * 1952-11-29 1955-12-21 Alfred Abrum Fain Process and apparatus for the manufacture of printed fabrics
US3323153A (en) * 1962-05-31 1967-06-06 Fleissner Gmbh Process for the continuous fluid-treatment of fabric webs
US3326022A (en) * 1963-07-01 1967-06-20 Ilma Ind Lavorazioni Metalli A Apparatus for the continuous dyeing of textile fiber materials with a dye liquor

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US505725A (en) * 1893-09-26 Gael schnurch
US2008230A (en) * 1933-06-06 1935-07-16 Spooner William Wycliffe Steaming of webs of material
US2453796A (en) * 1945-04-16 1948-11-16 Jellinek Curt Textile steaming or ageing machine
GB742207A (en) * 1952-11-29 1955-12-21 Alfred Abrum Fain Process and apparatus for the manufacture of printed fabrics
US3323153A (en) * 1962-05-31 1967-06-06 Fleissner Gmbh Process for the continuous fluid-treatment of fabric webs
US3326022A (en) * 1963-07-01 1967-06-20 Ilma Ind Lavorazioni Metalli A Apparatus for the continuous dyeing of textile fiber materials with a dye liquor

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4225313A (en) * 1968-05-10 1980-09-30 Ciba-Geigy, Ag Dyeing and printing processes
US3807950A (en) * 1971-10-13 1974-04-30 R Rogers Method of dyeing and/or washing fabric
US7537621B1 (en) 2005-07-27 2009-05-26 Hbi Branded Apparel Enterprises, Llc Method for dyeing a nonwoven fabric and apparel formed therefrom

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT305187B (de) 1973-02-12
CS158604B2 (es) 1974-11-25
CH842966A4 (es) 1969-11-28
CH487286A (de) 1970-03-15
ES327770A1 (es) 1967-04-01
JPS5134030B1 (es) 1976-09-24
GB1149379A (en) 1969-04-23
DE1460758A1 (de) 1969-03-20

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