US3632093A - Furnace heating apparatus - Google Patents

Furnace heating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3632093A
US3632093A US874114A US3632093DA US3632093A US 3632093 A US3632093 A US 3632093A US 874114 A US874114 A US 874114A US 3632093D A US3632093D A US 3632093DA US 3632093 A US3632093 A US 3632093A
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United States
Prior art keywords
furnace
tunnel
shells
heated
burners
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US874114A
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English (en)
Inventor
Friedrich W Elhaus
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of US3632093A publication Critical patent/US3632093A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path
    • F27B9/26—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path on or in trucks, sleds, or containers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0056—Furnaces through which the charge is moved in a horizontal straight path
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
    • F27B9/029—Multicellular type furnaces constructed with add-on modules
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path
    • F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path being carried by a conveyor
    • F27B9/243—Endless-strand conveyor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
    • F27M2001/00—Composition, conformation or state of the charge
    • F27M2001/15—Composition, conformation or state of the charge characterised by the form of the articles
    • F27M2001/1539—Metallic articles
    • F27M2001/1543—Articles of relatively small dimensions

Definitions

  • Collard ABSTRACT A furnace for heating material such as metal blocks, rods, ingots and the like, consisting of a furnace tunnel through which the material to be heated is guided the tunnel having a wall including openings throughout its total length with a plurality of burners inserted in the openings having their flames directly distributed to the material, and a plurality of consecutive, sectionally arranged fireproof shells disposed on the walls of said furnace tunnel.
  • This invention relates to a heating oven through which metal blocks, ingots, rods, or the like are guided in order to heat the materials to a temperature for a subsequent heatdeforming operation.
  • the material to be heated is put into an oven tunnel in series sequence, that is, one piece of material is located adjacent to the next.
  • the oven tunnel is provided with a carrying device onto which the material is to be heated is placed, consisting of a conveyor-type chain which transports the material intermittently from a loading station to the charging station for the oven.
  • the oven is heated with gas or a liquid-type fuel.
  • the oven burners are arranged on both sides of the material to be heated throughout the total length of the oven. The flames are directly admitted to the material.
  • Another disadvantage of conventional furnaces is that, in most cases, the heat distribution across the cross section of the material to be heated does not meet the requirements for its subsequent defonnation. For example, if the heated material is to be deformed by a metal tube extruding press, it is necessary that an even rotational-symmetric temperature is transferred to the material. The same problem exists when flat ingots are to be heated in the same furnace while also requiring an even rotational-symmetric heat transfer.
  • the uneven heating of the material in conventional furnaces is largely due to the unfavorable position of the burners, their unfavorable or limited adjustments, the arrangement of the material transport device which travels into the furnace, and the false air which flows between the furnace walls and the underside of the material-carrying device.
  • Another disadvantage of conventional furnaces is that the temperature is not always evenly distributed over the total length of the material, so that ingots which have to be pressed by a metal tube extruding press will not be deformed properly.
  • This invention provides a furnace which overcomes the above-described disadvantages of conventional fumaces by optimal use of the fuel, achieves, excellent results.
  • the furnace of the invention has an enlarged upper face of its heating area on the material.
  • the furnace also reduces the heat conserved by the constructional material used in the construction of the furnace. This heat reduction is achieved using sectional, and consecutively arranged thin-walled fireproof shells having in one embodiment a thickness between 25-60 mm. It should be understood that thicker shells may be used for larger furnaces within the scope of this invention.
  • These inventive furnace shells reduce the heat consumed approximately 25 percent to that of conventional furnaces.
  • a further feature of the invention is that the furnace shells are formed as half-shells, which are pivotably supported at their lower ends. This arrangement makes it possible to easily remove and replace these shells without complicated dismantling work.
  • the furnace shells are so arranged that they have an upper and a lower opening. The upper opening is fixed by separated spacers. While the upper opening permits the exhaust gases to escape, the lower opening serves as a guide for the material-transporting device.
  • the invention may also be realized in larger furnaces, because the shells may be multisectionally constructed.
  • the burners are distributed in at least four rows running axially throughout the total length of the furnace tunnel and are directed to the core of the materials to be heated.
  • the lower rows of burners are located as close as possible to the material-carrying device and are directly obliquely and upwardly towards the material. Because of the inventive arrangement of the burners and the distribution of the total heating capacity to a plurality of burner rows, there is a more economical transfer of the available heat to be distributed to the upper surface of the material.
  • the particular oblique angle of the burners with respect to the material makes it possible for the exhaust gases to be admitted evenly around the circumferential surface of the heated material.
  • both rows of the lower burners are located as close as possible to the material transport means, and in order to assist the exhaust of the gases escaping through the upper opening, the burners are positioned obliquely and upwardly with respect to the material to be heated.
  • the upper rows of burners are so arranged that the exhaust gases are admitted evenly over the remaining part of the upper surface of the material, even for materials with different cross sections such as rods, blocks, ingots, etc.
  • the upper rows of burners are directed downwardly in an oblique direction.
  • the distance of the burner nozzles with respect to each other in a given row is approximately between 80-120 mm.
  • a further feature of the invention is that the heating capacity of the upper row of burners may be reduced with respect to the lower row.
  • the heat supply for the burners may be in an adjustable or in a fixed arrangement. This arrangement makes it possible to adjust the heat supply in the part of the furnace which is separated from the lower part due to upward flow of the exhaust gases.
  • the burner nozzles not be provided with separate feeder lines for the gas-oxygen mixture, as is common with the known furnaces, but that a plurality of burner nozzles be combined to a series of burners by means of connecting pipes and a main feeder line.
  • An adjustable or a fixed throttle valve may be installed in the main feeder line for the upper burners.
  • the heat supply of the individual burners on the upper row may be adjusted and thereby influence the heat distribution across the cross section of the material to be heated.
  • the material transport device includes a cross section which closes the opening in the area between the individual tunnel shells. This, a further improvement of the temperature distribution across the cross section of the material is achieved, since the amount of false air, which exists between the tunnellike furnace wall and the conveyor means of the conveyor chains, is reduced. When relatively small materials are heated such as flat ingots for extruding presses, there is a danger that these ingots which are inserted edgewise, will tilt over during transport.
  • the inventive device provides guides on the upper part of the furnace to support the ingots at both sides thereof, or from one side so that the ingot may be slightly tilted towards its support. It is, therefore, an object according to the present invention to provide an improved furnace for heat-treating materials such as ingots, blocks, rods and the like, prior to their deformation which is constructed for efficient operation and adaptable for all types of materials.
  • HO. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the furnace, whereby the shells which form the furnace, the support for the shells, the exhaust opening, and the outer mantle of the furnace are shown in profile, and,
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of a portion of the furnace showing the transport chain including the carrying device for the material as well as the inner part of a furnace shell, and a side view of the adjacent section, with the outside mantle removed so as to show the upper and lower series of burners and the outside of the furnace shell.
  • material 1 to be heated is intermittently transported by means of carrying device 2, is mounted to a conveyor chain 3, and moved into a cylindrical furnace 5 formed by furnace shells 4.
  • Furnace shells 4 are pivotably mounted in their lower end on carrying supports 6, and are maintained in position by spacers '7.
  • Furnace shells 4 are also supported by radially arranged support posts 8. By removing spacers 7 and by slightly pivoting inwardly carrying supports 6 at their pivot point, furnace shells 4 may be easily removed without any further complicated dismantling of the furnace.
  • the heat introduction into the furnace is done by a series of burners consisting of upper and lower rows of prernixture burners 9 and 10 respectively, together with burner nozzles 11 which extend through openings 12 of furnace shells 4 into furnace space 5.
  • Adjustable throttle valves 14 are mounted in feeder lines 13 for adjusting the upper burners 9 with respect to the lower burners 10.
  • burners 9 and 10 are so arranged that during the heating of the two ingots l and 1 to be extruded by an extruding press, wherein the two ingots have a different cross section, a favorable usage of the upper face for a rotational-symmetric heat distribution across the ingots is efi'ected.
  • the carrying device for material 1 in the range of the entrance into the furnace which are formed by the two furnace shells 4 are provided with a shaft having a right-angular cross section which closes the entrance opening of the furnace at both sides thereof, the closure being limited in order to still take into consideration the heat extension of the furnace walls with respect to the shaft.
  • the exhaust gases leave furnace space S by the opening formed by the furnace shells 4 and spacers 7.
  • the exhaust gases are ventilated off together with the fresh air by means of an exhaust ventilator and through exhaust vent 16.
  • the outer mantle 17 serves simultaneously as a fresh air supply and heat exchanger.
  • the feedlines for the required dosage of fuel and the necessary regulatory equipment 18, as well as a means 19 for measuring the temperature of material 1 are provided.
  • a furnace for heating materials, such as metal blocks, rods ingots and the like, corn risin a mace tunnel through w ich e material to be heated is guided, said tunnel consisting of a plurality of consecutive, sectionally arranged semicylindrical fireproof shells having one of their ends pivotably mounted on said furnace so as to provide a linear elongated opening in the lower section of said furnace tunnel and haw'ng spacing members disposed between the other ends of said shells so as to provide linear elongated opening in the upper portion of said furnace tunnel, said shells also being provided with a plurality of openings disposed throughout the entire length of the furnace tunnel in at least four axially extending upper and lower rows in different angular spaced-apart relationships,
  • bumer means inserted in said openings, having their flame nozzles directed at the surface of the material to be heated;
  • guiding means for guiding the material to be heated through said fumace tunnel, including a plurality of supporting members having a substantially T-shaped cross section, coupled to a conveyor chain, which substantially close the lower opening provided in said furnace tunnel while said material is being conveyed through said furnace.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
US874114A 1968-11-07 1969-11-05 Furnace heating apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3632093A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1807504A DE1807504B2 (de) 1968-11-07 1968-11-07 Durchlauferwärmungsofen für Metallblöcke, -stangen od.dgl

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3632093A true US3632093A (en) 1972-01-04

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ID=5712626

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US874114A Expired - Lifetime US3632093A (en) 1968-11-07 1969-11-05 Furnace heating apparatus

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3632093A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5212127B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT303100B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE741371A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH508859A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1807504B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2022762A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1254360A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6916826A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4135704A (en) * 1972-11-21 1979-01-23 Prolizenz Ag. Method and apparatus for heat treatment of material to be worked on, especially of aluminum alloys or magnesium alloys
FR2436189A2 (fr) * 1976-03-22 1980-04-11 Prolizenz Ag Dispositif de transport d'un produit coule tel que des billettes, blooms, lingots, barres, tubes, etc.
US4303388A (en) * 1979-07-19 1981-12-01 Elhaus Friedrich W Preheating furnace
US4936771A (en) * 1987-08-26 1990-06-26 Sidwell Clarence W Skid mark erasure system
US5007824A (en) * 1987-08-26 1991-04-16 Sidwell Clarence W Skid mark erasure system

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2637646B2 (de) * 1976-08-20 1978-08-10 Friedrich Wilhelm Dipl.- Ing. 5600 Wuppertal Elhaus Anwärmofen
DE3125651C2 (de) * 1981-06-30 1986-09-04 Schweizerische Aluminium Ag, Chippis Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum intensiven Wärme- und Stoffaustausch
DE3203433C2 (de) * 1982-02-02 1984-08-09 Friedrich Wilhelm Dipl.-Ing. 7761 Moos Elhaus Anwärmofen für langgestrecktes Gut
DE3434906C2 (de) * 1984-09-22 1993-03-04 Otto Junker Gmbh, 5107 Simmerath Vorrichtung zum Vorwärmen von metallischem Gut
DE3518284C1 (de) * 1985-05-22 1986-07-10 P.D. Rasspe Söhne, 5650 Solingen Wärmebehandlungsofen
FR2647885B1 (fr) * 1989-05-31 1991-12-20 Mustad Fils Sa O Four-tunnel de forge a convoyeur a chaine de charges unitaires
IT1281108B1 (it) * 1995-12-27 1998-02-11 Siem Sas Di Barbero & C Forno a gas per il riscaldo in continuo di barre metalliche
JP5432852B2 (ja) 2009-09-30 2014-03-05 ローム アンド ハース カンパニー メタクリル酸メチルの精製によって生じる流れから価値のある化合物を回収する方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2015699A (en) * 1931-11-10 1935-10-01 Babcock & Wilcox Co Furnace
US2529690A (en) * 1945-06-29 1950-11-14 Selas Corp Of America Heating apparatus
US3409217A (en) * 1967-11-29 1968-11-05 Granco Equipment Billet heating and control therefor
US3511483A (en) * 1968-10-21 1970-05-12 Granco Equipment Furnace construction with roof section removal means

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2563908A (en) * 1948-07-16 1951-08-14 Surface Combustion Corp Forge furnace
US2603470A (en) * 1949-04-26 1952-07-15 Selas Corp Of America Method and apparatus for heating
DE890055C (de) * 1951-11-28 1953-09-17 Thermo Industrieofenbau G M B Waermofen
FR1492752A (fr) * 1961-07-31 1967-08-25 Perfectionnements aux fours industriels
FR1317320A (fr) * 1961-12-28 1963-02-08 Four
DE1221657B (de) * 1963-12-30 1966-07-28 E H Otto Junker Dr Ing Vorrichtung zum im Durchlaufverfahren erfolgendem Erwaermen von metallischen, anschliessend warm zu verformenden Werkstuecken
FR1489407A (fr) * 1966-08-11 1967-07-21 Indugas Four de réchauffage rapide pour objets métalliques

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2015699A (en) * 1931-11-10 1935-10-01 Babcock & Wilcox Co Furnace
US2529690A (en) * 1945-06-29 1950-11-14 Selas Corp Of America Heating apparatus
US3409217A (en) * 1967-11-29 1968-11-05 Granco Equipment Billet heating and control therefor
US3511483A (en) * 1968-10-21 1970-05-12 Granco Equipment Furnace construction with roof section removal means

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4135704A (en) * 1972-11-21 1979-01-23 Prolizenz Ag. Method and apparatus for heat treatment of material to be worked on, especially of aluminum alloys or magnesium alloys
FR2436189A2 (fr) * 1976-03-22 1980-04-11 Prolizenz Ag Dispositif de transport d'un produit coule tel que des billettes, blooms, lingots, barres, tubes, etc.
US4303388A (en) * 1979-07-19 1981-12-01 Elhaus Friedrich W Preheating furnace
US4936771A (en) * 1987-08-26 1990-06-26 Sidwell Clarence W Skid mark erasure system
US5007824A (en) * 1987-08-26 1991-04-16 Sidwell Clarence W Skid mark erasure system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH508859A (de) 1971-06-15
GB1254360A (en) 1971-11-24
DE1807504B2 (de) 1974-01-31
JPS5212127B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-04-05
DE1807504C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-08-22
FR2022762A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-08-07
NL6916826A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-05-11
AT303100B (de) 1972-11-10
BE741371A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-04-16
DE1807504A1 (de) 1970-05-27

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