US3631934A - Apparatus and method for obtaining core samples from soil and rock masses - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for obtaining core samples from soil and rock masses Download PDF

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Publication number
US3631934A
US3631934A US33559A US3631934DA US3631934A US 3631934 A US3631934 A US 3631934A US 33559 A US33559 A US 33559A US 3631934D A US3631934D A US 3631934DA US 3631934 A US3631934 A US 3631934A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
hole
binder
reinforcing member
core
sample
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US33559A
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English (en)
Inventor
Manuel Coelho Mendes Da Rocha
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ENGENHARIA LAB NACIONAL
LABORATORIO NACIONAL DE ENGENHARIA CIVIL
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ENGENHARIA LAB NACIONAL
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E21B25/16—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors for obtaining oriented cores
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E21B25/08—Coating, freezing, consolidating cores; Recovering uncontaminated cores or cores at formation pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
    • E21B47/026—Determining slope or direction of penetrated ground layers

Definitions

  • a core sample is removed from a soil or rock mass by boring a hole in the mass to a depth at which sampling is to begin and thereafter cutting a second hole in extension of the first hole and of a smaller diameter.
  • the second hole is of a length equal to the desired sample and the second hole is filled with a hardenable binder such as cement whereupon a rigid reinforcing member is introduced into the still fluid binder for the depth of the second hole, After the binder has hardened a core of a diameter equal to the first hole is cut from the mass, the core being inclusive of the binder and reinforcing member with an intact surrounding sample of the mass.
  • the invention relates to the sampling of soil and rock masses and particularly the obtaining of intact samples representative of the formations under study.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a method and means for removing such intact samples from the fan-nations under study.
  • a further object of the invention is to remove samples in the form of stable cores without disturbance of the different layers of soil or rock mass or any joints or faults therein.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a method and means for the above purpose which is simple in use and avoids the need for the common boring techniques currently employed.
  • a core sample is obtained from a soil or rock mass reinforced with a member bonded to the soil or rock mass by means of a binder so as to obtain a nondisturbed and intact core sample.
  • the method of the invention can be applied all along the hole or solely at the locations where the conditions of the soil or rock mass render it advisable.
  • a method of obtaining samples from soil and rock masses comprising boring a hole into a mass to a depth, beyond which, a sample is to be removed, cutting a second hole in extension of the first hole and to a depth equal to the depth of the desired sample, the second hole being of smaller diameter than the first hole, filling the second hole with a binder and a reinforcing member, allowing the binder to harden and cutting a core from the mass inclusive of the binder and reinforcing member with an intact sample surrounding the same.
  • apparatus for obtaining a sample from soil and rock masses in which a hole is bored to a depth, beyond which, a sample is to be removed, said apparatus comprising means for cutting a second hole in extension of the first hole and to a depth equal to the depth of the desired samples, means for introducing a binder into the second hole to fill the same, means for introducing a reinforcing member into the binder, and means for cutting a core from the mass, said core being inclusive of the binder and reinforcing member with an intact sample surrounding the same.
  • Said means for cutting the second hole comprises rotatable bore rods, a core barrel driven by said bore rods, a drill bit on said core barrel, and guide means for guiding the travel of said core barrel, and guide means for guiding the travel of said core barrel.
  • the guide means comprises a sleeve member engaged in said first hole and including means guidably engaging said core barrel.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation view showing a hole bored in a soil or rock mass
  • FIGS. 2-6 are elevation views showing various stages of operation for removing a core sample from the mass
  • FIG. 7 is an elevation view partly in section of apparatus for drilling a second hole in extension of a first bore hole.
  • FIG. 8 is an elevation view partly in section of apparatus for carrying out an intermediate stage of operation.
  • the invention contemplates the integral sampling of soil and rock masses M, that is, to obtain samples that are perfectly representative of the formations to be studied, by means of devices that cut and'remove cores without disturbing the different layers of the soil or rock mass, or the joints, faults, fractures, etc. and their infillings.
  • a hole H is bored in the soil or rock mass M to a depth, beyond which, core samples are sought.
  • hole may be vertical or not.
  • the diameter of the hole is selected on the basis of the desired diameter of the core as will become apparent hereafter.
  • a second hole h is then cut extending from the bottom of hole H as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the hole h is coaxial with hole H and is cut to a depth equal to the length of the desired core sample.
  • the hole h is then filled with a settable or hardenable binder such as cement grout, concrete, plastic material or the like.
  • a settable or hardenable binder such as cement grout, concrete, plastic material or the like.
  • the binder completely fills hole h and substantially expels all water and air which might otherwise be contained therein.
  • the binder may be dyed with suitable color for identification purposes or the like.
  • the binder is selected to have good adhesion with the soil or rock and to a reinforcing member 2 to be subsequently introduced therein.
  • the hardening time of the binder is adjustable by regulation of its constituents.
  • the reinforcing member 2 is introduced therein to the bottom of hole h.
  • the member 2 base surface roughness to enhance its integral setting with the binder.
  • the member 2 may be made of metal, such as steel, plastic material or the like. The introduction of the reinforcing member into the binder causes the latter to extrude from the hole h and penetrate into any cracks or fissures in the soil or rock to cohese the same.
  • a cutter C is then introduced into hole H and then cuts a core S from the soil or rock as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the cutter C prolongs the diameter of the hole H and the core consists of the reinforcing member 2, the hardened binder l and the intact sample of the soil or rock r surrounding the reinforcing member embedded in the binder.
  • the intact soil or rock mass of the core shows the undisturbed formation of the soil or rock mass in one continuous length.
  • FIG. 7 shows the apparatus for drilling the hole h, and this apparatus comprises a rotatably driven string of bore rods 3 coupled via a connection member 7 with a core barrel 4, such that the core barrel 4 can be driven by the rods 3.
  • a drill bit 5 is secured to the barrel 4 at the lower end thereof and the bit cuts the hole h as the rods 3 are lowered in hole H.
  • the core barrel 4 and the drill bit 5 have longitudinal, intercommunicating channels 10 for supply of cooling and wash water through rods 3 to the bit 5 during drilling and also for introducing binder 2 into hole h after the bit 5 has cut such hole.
  • a guide means 6 serves to insure coaxial cutting of the hole h with respect to hole H.
  • the guide means 6 is in the form of a sleeve member which fits within hole H and surrounds the core barrel 4.
  • the connection member 7 initially holds the sleeve member in place until the sleeve member is engaged in the hole H.
  • the sleeve member includes a number of radially inward flanges 11 (only one of which is shown) which engage barrel 4 to position the same and guide its descent in coaxial relation in hole H.
  • the upper end of the sleeve member includes a further radially inward flange 12 which slidably and guidably engages rods 3 to facilitate descent of sleeve member 6 to the bottom of the hole H.
  • FIG. 8 shows apparatus for the insertion of the reinforcing member 2 into the binder l in the hole h, and this apparatus comprises positioning rods 8 to hold the reinforcing member 2 in a specific orientation so that member 2 will enter hole h substantially coaxially.
  • a device 9 connects the lowermost rod 8 to the member 2, and the device 9 is of such construction as to release the member 2, when device 9 reaches the bottom of hole H, to enable removal of rods 8 and device 9 before the binder has hardened.
  • the positioning rods 8, device 9 and member 2 are provided with intercommunicating conduits 13 for flow of binder from hole It as the member 2 is introduced into the binder.
  • the guide means 6 of FIG. 7 may also be employed with the apparatus of FIG. 8 to guide the descent of rods 8 and member 2 in the holes.
  • a method of obtaining samples from soil and rock masses comprising boring a hole into a mass to a depth, beyond which, a sample is to be removed, cutting a second hole in extension of the first hole and to a depth equal to the depth of the desired sample, the second hole being of smaller diameter than the first hole, filling the second hole with a binder and a reinforcing member, allowing the binder to harden and cutting a core from the mass inclusive of the binder and reinforcing member with an intact sample surrounding the same.
  • Apparatus for obtaining a sample from soil and rock masses in which a hole is bored to a depth, beyond which, a sample is to be removed comprising means for cutting a second hole in extension of the first hole and to a depth equal to the depth of the desired sample, means for introducing a binder into the second hole to fill the same, means for introducing a reinforcing member into the binder, and
  • said means for cutting the second hole comprises rotatable bore rods, a core barrel driven by said bore rods, a drill bit on said core barrel, and guide means for guiding the travel of said core barrel.
  • said guide means comprises a sleeve member engaged in said first hole and including means guidably engaging said core barrel.
  • said means for introducing a reinforcing member into the binder comprises positioning rods and means coupling the rods and the reinforcing member for the insertion of the reinforcing member into the second hole, the latter means being constructed to release the reinforcing member upon reaching the bottom of the first hole.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
US33559A 1969-07-24 1970-05-01 Apparatus and method for obtaining core samples from soil and rock masses Expired - Lifetime US3631934A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PT5216469 1969-07-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3631934A true US3631934A (en) 1972-01-04

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ID=20081694

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US33559A Expired - Lifetime US3631934A (en) 1969-07-24 1970-05-01 Apparatus and method for obtaining core samples from soil and rock masses

Country Status (15)

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US (1) US3631934A (xx)
JP (2) JPS4924707B1 (xx)
AT (1) AT307344B (xx)
BE (1) BE748867A (xx)
CH (1) CH519633A (xx)
DE (1) DE2354891A1 (xx)
ES (1) ES379452A1 (xx)
FI (1) FI52616C (xx)
FR (2) FR2056161A5 (xx)
GB (2) GB1255128A (xx)
IL (1) IL34926A (xx)
NO (1) NO129815B (xx)
SE (1) SE356777B (xx)
YU (1) YU31760B (xx)
ZA (1) ZA702943B (xx)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5038624A (en) * 1990-02-21 1991-08-13 Mobay Corporation Soil recoring device
US5494119A (en) * 1994-07-12 1996-02-27 Tully; Francis X. Core sampling device
US20050155793A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2005-07-21 Harold Howard Stabilized soil core samples and method for preparing same
CN103175720A (zh) * 2013-03-16 2013-06-26 蒲成志 一种室内钻孔取芯时不规则岩块的加工处理技术

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS53164401U (xx) * 1977-05-27 1978-12-22
JPS559651U (xx) * 1978-07-05 1980-01-22
DE10131973C2 (de) * 2001-07-02 2003-12-04 Keller Grundbau Gmbh Verfahren zur Entnahme von Probekernen
CN110763511A (zh) * 2019-11-28 2020-02-07 桐乡市常新农机专业合作社 一种土壤修复用的土壤取样装置
US11434718B2 (en) 2020-06-26 2022-09-06 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Method for coring that allows the preservation of in-situ soluble salt cements within subterranean rocks

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR830518A (fr) * 1937-12-07 1938-08-02 Bataafsche Petroleum Procédé pour la prise d'échantillons de sous-sols sableux et terrams analogues dépourvus de cohésion
US2146263A (en) * 1938-05-31 1939-02-07 Johnston Norris Method of coring to preserve fluid content
US2650068A (en) * 1949-01-31 1953-08-25 Union Oil Co Coring method and apparatus
US2862691A (en) * 1956-04-03 1958-12-02 Jersey Prod Res Co Coring bit assembly
US2915285A (en) * 1956-05-23 1959-12-01 Jersey Prod Res Co Coring subterranean formations
US3146837A (en) * 1958-12-30 1964-09-01 Jersey Prod Res Co System for obtaining trube core samples
US3174547A (en) * 1962-08-28 1965-03-23 Schlumberger Well Surv Corp Well bore apparatus
US3347314A (en) * 1965-04-29 1967-10-17 Schlumberger Technology Corp Methods for well completion

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR830518A (fr) * 1937-12-07 1938-08-02 Bataafsche Petroleum Procédé pour la prise d'échantillons de sous-sols sableux et terrams analogues dépourvus de cohésion
US2146263A (en) * 1938-05-31 1939-02-07 Johnston Norris Method of coring to preserve fluid content
US2650068A (en) * 1949-01-31 1953-08-25 Union Oil Co Coring method and apparatus
US2862691A (en) * 1956-04-03 1958-12-02 Jersey Prod Res Co Coring bit assembly
US2915285A (en) * 1956-05-23 1959-12-01 Jersey Prod Res Co Coring subterranean formations
US3146837A (en) * 1958-12-30 1964-09-01 Jersey Prod Res Co System for obtaining trube core samples
US3174547A (en) * 1962-08-28 1965-03-23 Schlumberger Well Surv Corp Well bore apparatus
US3347314A (en) * 1965-04-29 1967-10-17 Schlumberger Technology Corp Methods for well completion

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5038624A (en) * 1990-02-21 1991-08-13 Mobay Corporation Soil recoring device
US5494119A (en) * 1994-07-12 1996-02-27 Tully; Francis X. Core sampling device
US20050155793A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2005-07-21 Harold Howard Stabilized soil core samples and method for preparing same
US7100707B2 (en) * 2004-01-16 2006-09-05 Harold Howard Stabilized soil core samples and method for preparing same
CN103175720A (zh) * 2013-03-16 2013-06-26 蒲成志 一种室内钻孔取芯时不规则岩块的加工处理技术

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2354891A1 (de) 1974-07-18
FR2213406A2 (xx) 1974-08-02
ZA702943B (en) 1971-01-27
JPS5326201B2 (xx) 1978-08-01
FI52616B (xx) 1977-06-30
ES379452A1 (es) 1973-04-01
IL34926A0 (en) 1970-09-17
YU98870A (en) 1973-04-30
JPS4924707B1 (xx) 1974-06-25
SE356777B (xx) 1973-06-04
FR2056161A5 (xx) 1971-05-14
IL34926A (en) 1973-01-30
CH519633A (fr) 1972-02-29
FR2213406B2 (xx) 1982-10-01
FI52616C (fi) 1977-10-10
BE748867A (fr) 1970-09-16
GB1255128A (en) 1971-11-24
GB1447442A (en) 1976-08-25
NO129815B (xx) 1974-05-27
DE2033477A1 (de) 1971-06-24
YU31760B (en) 1973-10-31
AT307344B (de) 1973-05-25
JPS506501A (xx) 1975-01-23

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