IL34926A

IL34926A - Procedure and equipment for the sampling of soil and rock masses

Info

Publication number: IL34926A
Application number: IL34926A
Authority: IL
Original assignee: Engenharia Lab Nacional
Priority date: 1969-07-24
Filing date: 1970-07-15
Publication date: 1973-01-30
Also published as: FR2213406A2; ZA702943B; FR2213406B2; FI52616C; CH519633A; DE2033477A1; JPS4924707B1; DE2354891A1; ES379452A1; IL34926A0; AT307344B; GB1447442A; US3631934A; YU98870A; FI52616B; YU31760B; GB1255128A; SE356777B; JPS506501A; NO129815B

Description

Procedure and equipment the Sampling of soil and rock masses ABSTRACT OF T HE DISCLOSURE A core sample is removed from a soil or rock mass by boring a In the mass to a depth at which sampling is to begin and thereafter if necessary cutting a second hole extension of the first hole and of a smaller diameter The second hole is of a length equal to the desired sample and the zone from which the sample is to be extracted is filled with a hardenable binder such as cement After the binder has hardened a core of a diameter equal to the first hole is out from the mass the core being inclusive of the binder and reinforcing membe if any with an intact surrounding sample of the mass BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the sampling of soil and rock masses and particularly the obtaining of intact samples representative of the formations under An object of the invention is to provide a method and means removing such intact samples from the formations under study A further object of the invention is to remove samples in the form of stable cores without disturbance of the different layers of soil or rock mass or any Joints or faults Yet another object of the invention is to provide a method and means for the above purpose which is simple in use and avoids the need for the common boring techniques currently employed Accordin to the invention a core sample is obtained a soil rock mass reinforced with a nucleus resulting from the hardening of the binder or with a member bonded to the soil or rock mass by means of a binder so as to obtain a nondisturbed and core The method of the can be plied all along the hole or solely at the locations where the ditions of the soil or rock mass render it advisable In accordance with the there is provided a method of obtaining samples from and rock masses method prising boring a hole into a to a beyond a sample to be removed if necessary cutting a second hole in extension of the hole and to a depth equal to the depth of the desired the second hole being of smaller diameter than the first hole the second hole or the zone from which the sample tc be taken with a binder and a reinforcing member which can be replaced by the resistant nucleus resulting from the ix g of the binder allowing the binder to harden and cutting a core from the mass inclusive of the binder and reinforcing member with an sample surrounding the supporting nucleus In further accordance with the there is provided apparatus for obtaining a sample from soil and rock masses in which a hole is bored to a beyond which a is to be removed said apparatus comprising means for cutting a second hole in extension of the first hole and to depth equal to the depth of the desired samples means for introducing a binder into the second hole to fill the means for introducing a forcing member any the binder and means for cutting a core from the said core being inclusive of the binder and supporting nucleus with an intact sample surrounding the same Said means or cutting the secord hole comprises bore a core barrel driven by said bore rods a drill bit on said core and guide means for guiding the travel said core The guide means comprises a sleeve member engaged said first hole and including means guldably engaging said core BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T HE DRAWING Figure 1 is an elevation view showing a hole a soil or rook mass Figures are elevation views showing various stages of operation for removing a core sample from the mass Figure 7 is an elevation partly in section of apparatus for drilling a second hole in extension of a first bore hole and Figure 8 is an elevation view partly in section of apparatus for carrying out an intermediate stage of DETAILED DESCRIPTION The invention contemplates the integral sampling of soil and rock masses that to obtain samples that are perfectly representative of the formations to be by means of devices that cut and remove cores without disturbing the different layers of the soil or rock or the Joints faults fractures etc and their infillings As seen in a hole H is bored in the soil or rock mass M to a beyond core samples are sought The hole H may be vertical or not The diameter of the hole is ed on the basis of the desired diameter of the core as will become apparent hereafter A second hole h is then cut if necessary extending from the bottom of hole H shown in Fig The hole h coaxial with hole H and is cut to a depth equal to the length of the ed core The hole h is then filled with a settable or hardenable binder 3uch as cement grout plastic material or the like The binder is injected straight the bottom of hole if no hole h Is cut completely fills hole h and substantially expels all water and air which might otherwise be contained therein and penetrates into the cracks of the soil or rock mass The binder may be dyed with suitable color for purposes or the The binder is selected to have good adhesion with the soil or rock and to a reinforcing member 2 if any to be subsequently therein or to produce a resistant nucleus which substitutes reinforcing member Moreover the hardening time of the binder is adjustable by regulation of its While the binder is still fluid the reinforcing member 2 if any is introduced therein to the bottom of hole The member 2 has a ce roughness to enhance its integral setting with the binder The member 2 may be made of such as plastic material or the The introduction of the reinforcing member the binder causes the latter to extrude from the hole h and penetrate into any cracks or fissures the soil or rock to cohe3e the When no reinforcing member is the binder is injected at a pressure high enough to make It penetrate the cracks of the soil or rock mass A cutter C is then introduced into hole H and then cuts a core S from the soil or rock as shown in Fig The cutter C prolongs the diameter of the hole H and the core consists of the reinforcing member 2 and or the hardened binder and intact sample of the soil or rock r surrounding e supporting nucleus constituted by the hardened binder or by the reinforcing member embedded the binder The intact soil or rock mass of the core shows the undisturb ed formation of the soil or rock mass in one continuous Fig shows the apparatus drilling the hole and this apparatus comprises a rotatably driven string of bore rods 3 coupled via a connection member 7 with a core barrel such that the V core barrel can be by the rods A drill bit 5 secured to the barrel V at the lower end thereof and the cuts the hole h as the rods 3 are lowered hole The core and the drill bit channels 10 for supply of cooling and wash water through rods 3 to the bit 5 durin drilling and also for introducing binde 1 hole h after the bit 5 has cut such A guide means 6 serves to insure coaxial cutting of the hole with respect to hole The guide means 6 in the form of a sleeve member which fits within hole H and surrounds the core barrel The connection member 7 initially holds the sleeve member place until the sleeve member is engaged in the hole The sleeve member includes a number of radially inward flanges 11 one of which is which engage barrel to position the same and guide in coaxial relation in hole The upper end o the sloeve member includes a further radially inwards flange 12 which slidably and guidably engages rods 3 to facilitate descent of sleeve member 6 to the bottom of the hole H shows apparatus for the insertion of the reinforcing member 2 the binder 1 in the hole and this apparatus prises positioning rods 3 to hold the reinforcing member 2 in specific orientation so that member 2 enter hole h ly A device connects the lowermost rod 8 to the ber and the device of such construction as to release the member 2 when device 9 reaches the bottom of hole to enable removal of rods and device 9 before the binder has The construction of device 9 known to those skilled in the art and no details of the construction will therefore be set Suffice to say that the invention is not directed to such details The positioning 8 device 9 and member 2 are provided with intercommunicating conduite 13 for flow of binder from hole h as the member 2 is introduced Into the insufficientOCRQuality

Claims

The guide means 6 of Fig. 7 may also be employed with the apparatus of Fig* 8 to guide the descent of rods 8 and ffiember 2 in the .holes* Although the invention has been described with reference to a specific embodiment thereof, numerous variations and modifications can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as defined in the attached claims* WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A method of obtaining intact and oriented samples. of soil comprising the steps of making a hole in the soil, injecting a binder into the said hole either starting from the surface or at the bottom of a wider, previously made borehole, either directly or into the hole with the smaller diameter, cutting a sample by means of a cylindrical cutter around the said binder after it has hardened and extracting the cut sample. 2 , A method as claimed in claim 1 which consists in consolidating the zone from which the sample is to be extracted, by means of the hardening of the binder injected into the slots or into the smaller diametre hole, or by reinforcing the binder with a reinforcing member* COHEN ZEDEK