US3619116A - Method for scouring wool - Google Patents

Method for scouring wool Download PDF

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Publication number
US3619116A
US3619116A US812813A US3619116DA US3619116A US 3619116 A US3619116 A US 3619116A US 812813 A US812813 A US 812813A US 3619116D A US3619116D A US 3619116DA US 3619116 A US3619116 A US 3619116A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
wool
cleaning agent
water
solvent
grease
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US812813A
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English (en)
Inventor
Neil Saville
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thomas Burnley & Sons Ltd
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Thomas Burnley & Sons Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomas Burnley & Sons Ltd filed Critical Thomas Burnley & Sons Ltd
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Publication of US3619116A publication Critical patent/US3619116A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B11/00—Recovery or refining of other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes
    • C11B11/005—Lanolin; Woolfat
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B3/00—Mechanical removal of impurities from animal fibres
    • D01B3/04—Machines or apparatus for washing or scouring loose wool fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
    • D01C3/00—Treatment of animal material, e.g. chemical scouring of wool
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D06L1/02—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using organic solvents
    • D06L1/10—Regeneration of used chemical baths

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process of scouring raw wool, to plant for the performance of such process and a method based on the process for recovering the cleaning agent used in the scouring process and producing purified wool grease.
  • the invention thus consists in a process of scouring wool comprising treating wool with a dry cleaning agent, such as for instance trichloroethylene or perchlorethylene, separating the used cleaning agent from the wool and washing the cleaning agent with a mixture of water and alcohol, separating the cleaning agent, containing wool grease, from the water and alcohol, and recovering the cleaning agent in a solvent recovery low pressure and temperature distillation plant.
  • a dry cleaning agent such as for instance trichloroethylene or perchlorethylene
  • the invention further consists in wool scouring plant comprising at least one cleaning machine and means for passing and recycling a cleaning agent through the machine and is characterized by a solvent recovery low pressure and temperature distillation plant, which may operate in three stages and incorporate a thin film evaporator device.
  • a solvent recovery low pressure and temperature distillation plant which may operate in three stages and incorporate a thin film evaporator device.
  • the use of such distillation plant material ly avoids degradation of the wool grease.
  • the wool grease therefore passes into the still with the cleaning agent and is tapped off from the bottom of the still after distillation of the solvent.
  • the purified solvent is reused for scouring further batches of raw wool.
  • FIG. 1 is a combined block and flow diagram illustrating the plant components and their interrelation in the operation of the process
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the cooling water system
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the hot water system
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are side elevation and plan views respectively of a convenient plant layout.
  • Permac Bt'iwe dry cleaning machines 1 each having an associated 500 gallon tank. These machines are coupled to an air cooling system including an activated carbon adsorber 3 connected to the atmosphere and an air cooler 4 connected to a water separator (not shown).
  • the cleaning machines are also connected to a 3000 gallon buffer tank 5 for solvent/grease mixture and also to a 3,000 gallon buffer tank for spent solvent.
  • the buffer tank 6 is in turn connected to a series of three decanters 7A, 7B, 7C each of 3,000 gallon capacity and including a mixing device. The decanters could be replaced by a centrifuge which would perform the same function.
  • the outlets from these decanters are connected to a steam operated evaporator 8 for the recovery of alcohol/water mixture from the cleaning solvent.
  • This evaporator may have a 450 sq.ft. exchange surface and include a stirrer.
  • the evaporator 8 is connected to a double roller drier 9 for drying dirt and suint mixture and to a condenser and receiver 10 for condensing alcohol/water mixture.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show a solvent storage tank 11 of 3,000 gallon capacity, and there is also an alcohol storage tank not shown of 500 gallon capacity.
  • FIGS. 1, 4 and 5 also show a first stage evaporator 13 including a falling film evaporator.
  • a first stage steam ejector 14 a first stage condenser 15, a second stage evaporator 16 of the wiped thin film type, a second stage tubular condenser 17, a third stage wiped thin film evaporator 18 and a thermocompressor 19 including intermediate condenser 19 and steam ejector.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cooling system including two packaged water chillers 20 and a packaged cooling tower 21.
  • FIG. 3 shows a hot water system 22 to provide process water at 60f-65PC.
  • the scouring of the wool takes place in the dry cleaning machines 1; the cycle time for each load (208 pounds of dirty wool) is 20 minutes including loading, two washes, drying, cooling and unloading. It is found to be most economical to lose one gallon of solvent (e.g. perchlorethylene) per 600 lbs. of clean wool as the excessive steam consumption for further drying would counterbalance the additional gain in solvent. The loss of solvent carried along with the cooling air is however cut to a minimum by using the chilled water cooler and the activated carbon adsorption plant.
  • the spent solvent from the first wash containing the suint, dirt and grease is pumped into the buffer tank 6, whereas the solvent from the second wash is pumped into the tanks 2 which are associated with the washing machines to be used for the first wash of the next load.
  • the spent solvent is continuously mixed with a water/isopropyl alcohol mixture which dissolves the suint and dirt, forming a suspension which is separated from the solvent/grease mixture in the decanters 7A, 7B, 7C.
  • the water/alcohol mixture containing suint and dirt is led to the evaporator 8 which recovers the alcohol and water by distillation.
  • the bottom stream from the evaporator 8 is fed on to the double roller drier 9 which recovers the remainder of the alcohol and water and discharges the suint and dirt as a dry powder.
  • This dry powder may be usefully employed in agriculature.
  • the solvent containing the grease is fed from the last decanter 7C into the other buffer tank 5 where it is mixed with grease-free solvent returning from the solvent recovery part of the plant.
  • concentration of grease in this tank should be kept as high as possible.
  • a grease content of about 3 percent to about 7 percent and preferably of 5 percent by weight has been found acceptable to the scouring process.
  • the bufier tank 5 is bled continuously to the solvent recovery section which is in three stages.
  • the first stage the bulk of the solvent is recovered in the tubular evaporator 13 under a pressure of about 25 mm. Hg Abs. and the preconcentrated grease is led to the second stage which is the agitated thin film evaporator 16.
  • the preconcentrated grease flows over a heated wall in a thin film which is being agitated by' a rotor under a pressure of about 12 mm.
  • Hg Abs. Further concentration takes place, while the solvent is condensed and recovered in the tubular condenser 17.
  • the third stage is similar to the second stage but operates at even lower pressure e.g. about 2 mm. Hg Abs.
  • Each cleaning machine has a button trap. and an optionally associated filter unit through which the cleaning solvent is pumped before it is returned to the wool in the drum of the machine.
  • Each filter unit is of the diatomaceous earth type and filters down to 4 microns. It is essential periodically to clean the filter units and this is done by pumping clean grease laden solvent from the buffer tank 5 in reverse direction, thus causing dirt and filter powder to be washed away and carried to the buffer tank 6. No additives are normally required.
  • the drums of the cleaning machines are preferably lined with perforated fabric.
  • 5,000 pounds of dirty wool e.g. 53 percent wool, 15 percent grease, 20 percent suint and dirt and 12 percent moisture
  • 5,000 pounds of dirty wool can be treated per hour with about 3,000 gallons of perchlorethylene to yield 750 pounds per hour of highly purified grease.
  • the invention is applicable to most chlorinated hydrocarben dry cleaning agents with or without addition of alcohols, e.g. 5 percent isobutyl alcohol or cyclohexane.
  • perchlorethylene under cooled conditions, separating the used cleaning agent from the wool and continuously washing it with a mixture of water and a lower alkyl monohydric alcohol, recovering the alcohol and water by distillation and recovering the cleaning agent by multistage low pressure and temperature distillation.
  • a process of scouring wool as set forth in claim 1 wherein the cleaning agent is recovered in three stages under progressively lower pressures, the second of said stages involving thin film evaporation and the third stage including steam stripping.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
US812813A 1969-04-02 1969-04-02 Method for scouring wool Expired - Lifetime US3619116A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US81281369A 1969-04-02 1969-04-02
DE19691931479 DE1931479A1 (de) 1969-04-02 1969-06-20 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entfetten von Wolle
CH975569A CH515345A (de) 1969-04-02 1969-06-23 Verfahren zum Reinigen von Wolle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3619116A true US3619116A (en) 1971-11-09

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US812813A Expired - Lifetime US3619116A (en) 1969-04-02 1969-04-02 Method for scouring wool

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US3619116A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (2) CH975569A4 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1931479A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4207072A (en) * 1974-02-28 1980-06-10 Bruckner Apparatebau Gmbh Processes for removing impurities from textile materials
FR2452534A1 (fr) * 1979-03-30 1980-10-24 Asahi Dow Ltd Laine animale desuintee et son procede de preparation
FR2467237A1 (fr) * 1979-10-15 1981-04-17 New Japan Chem Co Ltd Procede en vue de recueillir la lanoline
US4558574A (en) * 1982-07-21 1985-12-17 O.T.H. Beier & Company (Proprietary) Limited Wool washing and recovery of wool wax and water therefrom
US5486211A (en) * 1994-09-26 1996-01-23 Glidden, Sr.; John L. Wool purification
WO2001004244A1 (es) * 1999-07-09 2001-01-18 Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas Composiciones y uso de extracto de lipidos internos de la lana en la preparacion de productos para el tratamiento y cuidado de la piel
US6537326B1 (en) * 1997-09-26 2003-03-25 Wool Research Organisation Of New Zealand, Inc. Method for significantly enhancing the quality of scoured wool and machinery for achieving those enhancements
US20030169769A1 (en) * 2002-03-08 2003-09-11 Texas Instruments Incorporated MAC extensions for smart antenna support
US20040262570A1 (en) * 2003-06-27 2004-12-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Pseudo-distillation method for purifying a dry cleaning solvent
US20060165635A1 (en) * 2002-11-28 2006-07-27 Kelly Robert J Personal care formulations containing keratin
US20070065506A1 (en) * 2005-03-11 2007-03-22 Kelly Robert J Keratin and soluble derivatives thereof for a nutraceutical and to reduce oxidative stress and to reduce inflammation and to promote skin health
US20070207097A1 (en) * 2006-02-21 2007-09-06 Kelly Robert J Treating hair or nails with internal wool lipids
US20080004423A1 (en) * 2003-09-19 2008-01-03 Robert James Kelly Composite Materials Containing Keratin
US20080039951A1 (en) * 2002-06-10 2008-02-14 Keratec Limited Orthopaedic materials derived from keratin
US20080038327A1 (en) * 2003-12-19 2008-02-14 Robert James Kelly Wound Care Products Containing Keratin
US20080206301A1 (en) * 2006-12-06 2008-08-28 Robert James Kelly Bone void fillers and methods of making the same
WO2008104630A1 (es) 2007-03-01 2008-09-04 Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas Procedimiento para la extracción de los lípidos internos de la lana con fluidos supercriticos
US7465321B2 (en) 2001-08-31 2008-12-16 Keratec Limited Production of biopolymer film, fibre, foam and adhesive materials from soluble S-sulfonated keratin derivatives
US20080317826A1 (en) * 2007-05-24 2008-12-25 Robert James Kelly Porous keratin constructs, wound healing assemblies and methods using the same
US20090105456A1 (en) * 2006-12-11 2009-04-23 Robert James Kelly Porous keratin construct and method of making the same

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US656528A (en) * 1898-05-27 1900-08-21 Eugene Donard Process of removing solvent vapors from wool.
US1947522A (en) * 1931-12-10 1934-02-20 Fluss Viktor Process of removing fatty and pitchy matters from animal fibres and for making them more readily feltable
US2655428A (en) * 1950-03-27 1953-10-13 Harold P Lundgren Method of wool scouring with composition containing suint, alcohols, ketones, and inorganic electrolytes
US2717901A (en) * 1951-01-31 1955-09-13 Pacific Mills Process for degreasing wool and the recovery of wool grease
US2925639A (en) * 1953-11-30 1960-02-23 Deering Milliken Res Corp Method of fulling and scouring wool

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US656528A (en) * 1898-05-27 1900-08-21 Eugene Donard Process of removing solvent vapors from wool.
US1947522A (en) * 1931-12-10 1934-02-20 Fluss Viktor Process of removing fatty and pitchy matters from animal fibres and for making them more readily feltable
US2655428A (en) * 1950-03-27 1953-10-13 Harold P Lundgren Method of wool scouring with composition containing suint, alcohols, ketones, and inorganic electrolytes
US2717901A (en) * 1951-01-31 1955-09-13 Pacific Mills Process for degreasing wool and the recovery of wool grease
US2925639A (en) * 1953-11-30 1960-02-23 Deering Milliken Res Corp Method of fulling and scouring wool

Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4207072A (en) * 1974-02-28 1980-06-10 Bruckner Apparatebau Gmbh Processes for removing impurities from textile materials
FR2452534A1 (fr) * 1979-03-30 1980-10-24 Asahi Dow Ltd Laine animale desuintee et son procede de preparation
US4343619A (en) * 1979-03-30 1982-08-10 Asahi-Dow Limited Method of preparing a scoured animal hair material
FR2467237A1 (fr) * 1979-10-15 1981-04-17 New Japan Chem Co Ltd Procede en vue de recueillir la lanoline
US4558574A (en) * 1982-07-21 1985-12-17 O.T.H. Beier & Company (Proprietary) Limited Wool washing and recovery of wool wax and water therefrom
US5486211A (en) * 1994-09-26 1996-01-23 Glidden, Sr.; John L. Wool purification
WO1996010113A1 (en) * 1994-09-26 1996-04-04 Glidden John L Sr Wool purification
AU688599B2 (en) * 1994-09-26 1998-03-12 Sperotto Rimar S.R.L. Wool purification
US6537326B1 (en) * 1997-09-26 2003-03-25 Wool Research Organisation Of New Zealand, Inc. Method for significantly enhancing the quality of scoured wool and machinery for achieving those enhancements
AU770586B2 (en) * 1999-07-09 2004-02-26 Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas Compositions of internal lipid extract of wool and use thereof in the preparation of products for skin care and treatment
WO2001004244A1 (es) * 1999-07-09 2001-01-18 Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas Composiciones y uso de extracto de lipidos internos de la lana en la preparacion de productos para el tratamiento y cuidado de la piel
ES2157807A1 (es) * 1999-07-09 2001-08-16 Consejo Superior Investigacion Composiciones y uso extracto de lipidos internos de la lana en la preparacion de productos para el tratamiento y cuidado de la piel.
US7465321B2 (en) 2001-08-31 2008-12-16 Keratec Limited Production of biopolymer film, fibre, foam and adhesive materials from soluble S-sulfonated keratin derivatives
US20030169769A1 (en) * 2002-03-08 2003-09-11 Texas Instruments Incorporated MAC extensions for smart antenna support
US20080039951A1 (en) * 2002-06-10 2008-02-14 Keratec Limited Orthopaedic materials derived from keratin
US7892572B2 (en) 2002-06-10 2011-02-22 Keraplast Technologies, Ltd. Orthopaedic materials derived from keratin
US20060165635A1 (en) * 2002-11-28 2006-07-27 Kelly Robert J Personal care formulations containing keratin
WO2005003443A1 (en) * 2003-06-27 2005-01-13 The Procter & Gamble Company Pseudo-distillation method for purifying a dry cleaning solvent
US20040262570A1 (en) * 2003-06-27 2004-12-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Pseudo-distillation method for purifying a dry cleaning solvent
US7316781B2 (en) 2003-06-27 2008-01-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Pseudo-distillation method for purifying a dry cleaning solvent
US7767756B2 (en) 2003-09-19 2010-08-03 Keraplast Technologies, Ltd. Composite materials containing keratin
US20080004423A1 (en) * 2003-09-19 2008-01-03 Robert James Kelly Composite Materials Containing Keratin
US20080038327A1 (en) * 2003-12-19 2008-02-14 Robert James Kelly Wound Care Products Containing Keratin
US7732574B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2010-06-08 Keraplast Technologies, Ltd. Wound care products containing keratin
US7579317B2 (en) 2005-03-11 2009-08-25 Keratec, Ltd. Nutraceutical composition comprising soluble keratin or derivative thereof
US20070065506A1 (en) * 2005-03-11 2007-03-22 Kelly Robert J Keratin and soluble derivatives thereof for a nutraceutical and to reduce oxidative stress and to reduce inflammation and to promote skin health
US20070207097A1 (en) * 2006-02-21 2007-09-06 Kelly Robert J Treating hair or nails with internal wool lipids
US8142807B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2012-03-27 Keraplast Technologies, Ltd. Bone void fillers and methods of making the same
US20080206301A1 (en) * 2006-12-06 2008-08-28 Robert James Kelly Bone void fillers and methods of making the same
US20090105456A1 (en) * 2006-12-11 2009-04-23 Robert James Kelly Porous keratin construct and method of making the same
US8124735B2 (en) 2006-12-11 2012-02-28 Keraplast Technologies, Ltd. Porous keratin construct and method of making the same
WO2008104630A1 (es) 2007-03-01 2008-09-04 Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas Procedimiento para la extracción de los lípidos internos de la lana con fluidos supercriticos
US20100099899A1 (en) * 2007-03-01 2010-04-22 Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas Method for extracting internal lipids from wool using supercritical fluids
US8138362B2 (en) 2007-03-01 2012-03-20 Centro Technologico Gaiker Method for extracting internal lipids from wool using supercritical fluids
US20080317826A1 (en) * 2007-05-24 2008-12-25 Robert James Kelly Porous keratin constructs, wound healing assemblies and methods using the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH515345A (de) 1971-07-30
CH975569A4 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-07-30
DE1931479A1 (de) 1970-12-23

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