US3610801A - Digital music synthesizer - Google Patents

Digital music synthesizer Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3610801A
US3610801A US11683A US3610801DA US3610801A US 3610801 A US3610801 A US 3610801A US 11683 A US11683 A US 11683A US 3610801D A US3610801D A US 3610801DA US 3610801 A US3610801 A US 3610801A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
register
digital
signal
signals
note
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US11683A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Edward Fredkin
Marvin L Minsky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Triadex Inc
Original Assignee
Triadex Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Triadex Inc filed Critical Triadex Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3610801A publication Critical patent/US3610801A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H7/00—Instruments in which the tones are synthesised from a data store, e.g. computer organs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/0008—Associated control or indicating means
    • G10H1/0025—Automatic or semi-automatic music composition, e.g. producing random music, applying rules from music theory or modifying a musical piece
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2210/00—Aspects or methods of musical processing having intrinsic musical character, i.e. involving musical theory or musical parameters or relying on musical knowledge, as applied in electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2210/101—Music Composition or musical creation; Tools or processes therefor
    • G10H2210/111—Automatic composing, i.e. using predefined musical rules

Definitions

  • a note generator is controlled by a long term, quasi-periodic function which is in turn generated by applying digital feedback in preselected combinations around a digital register.
  • the register comprises means for holding a plurality of bits of digital information in a given order, e.g. a shift register or counter, the held information being changeable according to a predetennined pattern in response to input signals applied thereto.
  • Digital feedback is provided by applying to the register at least one input signal which is obtained according to a preselectable or adjustable code from bits of information obtained from various points in the register itself.
  • the apparatus thus, in effect, composes music as distinguished from merely synthesizing sound.
  • the present invention utilizes an understanding or appreciation that a very high degree of randomness is not necessary but rather it is preferable to generate logical sequences of notes or musical sounds having a very long period of repetition. As will be apparent hereinafter, this understanding facilitates the construction of relatively simple apparatus which nonetheless automatically generates relatively pleasing music.
  • apparatus constructed in accordance with the present invention is adapted to make or compose music, that is, to generate pleasing sequences of musical notes or sounds.
  • the apparatus employs tone generating means operative to provide a variety of musical notes in response to predetermined combinations of control signals applied thereto.
  • a register is provided which includes means for holding a plurality of bits of digital information in a given order, the held information being changeable according to a predetermined pattern in response to input signals applied to the register.
  • Associated with the register are means for reading the held digital information at a plurality of selected points in the register. At least one of the input signals applied to the register is obtained according to a preselectable or adjustable code from bits of information read out of the register. Another input signal applied to the register varies according to a predetermined periodic function.
  • the tone generating means is then operated in response to control signals which vary as respective preselectable logic functions of the information held in the register.
  • FIG. I is a block diagram of music making apparatus constructed in a accordance with the present invention employing digital electronic circuitry
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a counting circuit useful with various modifications of the apparatus of FIG. I, e.g. those illustrated in FIGS. 3-5, to provide added varieties of musical form;
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an alternative form of sequence generating circuitry which may be employed with the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1 to provide grace notes;
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an alternate rhythm generating circuit which may be employed with the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an alternate note selection circuit which may be employed with the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1 to prove octave shifts in tone;
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the in vention, also employing digital circuitry.
  • the note or tone generating portion of the circuit includes a l6 bit shift register 11 which is operated as a serial accumulator in conjunction with a single bit adder 15 for determining or controlling the frequency of the note being generated. While serial operation has been shown by way of illustration, it should be understood that parallel operation can also be used.
  • An adjustable oscillator 13 generates a square-wave clock signal which is applied to the shift input terminal of register II, through a line 14, for periodically shifting data held in the register.
  • the signal generated by oscillator 13 is at a relatively high frequency, i.e. at a multiple of the highest tone frequency which is to be generated, and is designated the fast clock signal FC.
  • Register 11 and adder 15 thus form a 16-bit serial accumulator as will be understood by those skilled in the art.
  • a binary number circulating through the register 11 can be cumulatively increased by applying an appropriate binary signal to the other input terminal of adder IS in appropriate serial format.
  • the circulating binary number is conveniently designated the sum or accumulated total.
  • the period required to circulate the l6-bit sum number through the register ll i.e. a period equal to l6 times the period of oscillator 13, forms a basic timing interval of the entire apparatus.
  • the fast clock signal from oscillator 13 is also applied, through a lead 16, to a four-bit counter I7.
  • Output signals from each stage of counter 17 are applied to a decoding matrix 19 which provides, at sixteen respective output terminals, pulse signals (IQ-T15) which occur during respective successive states of the counter [7.
  • Counter 17 and decoder 19 thus in one sense provide a function or operation similar to that of a ring counter and the various timing pulses T I '-Tl5 serve to identify particular bit positions within the binary word being circulated within the serial accumulator which includes register I I. Not all of these signals are used, however, as will be apparent hereinafter.
  • Timing pulses Selected ones of the timing pulses, i.e. T5-Tl0, are applied to an encoding matrix 41.
  • Matrix 4] combines the timing pulses T5 and T10 in various combinations so as to provide on each of eight output leads a serial binary signal which represents a number defining the frequency of a corresponding musical note or tone with the desired degree of accuracy.
  • the various leads correspond to the musical notes C, D, E, F, G, A, B and C and are identified accordingly.
  • Matrix 41 thus functions as a serial note generator.
  • the serial format in which the note frequency numbers are encoded is chosen to correspond with the format used in the serial accumulator which includes adder l5 and shift register II.
  • One of the eight note signals is selected by a conventional selection gating circuit 50 in response to a three-bit binary selection signal applied thereto through leads 51-53. The selected note signal is then applied to the remaining input of adder 15 through a lead 54;
  • the sum number circulating around register 11 is sampled during the T2 pulse interval by means of a sampling gate 55, the T2 pulse from decoder 19 being'applied to gate 55 through a lead 56 for this purpose.
  • the sampled signal is applied to a flip-flop 57 to obtain a symmetrical square-wave signal which represents the state of the selected bit in the circulating sum.
  • This square-wave signal is then amplified, as indicated at 59, and applied to a loud speaker 61.
  • Loudspeaker 61 will thus produce a tone or musical sound having a basic frequency component which is proportional to the selected note frequency as defined by the matrix 41. This note is also proportional in frequency to the frequency of oscillator 13.
  • the pitch of the notes being generated may be scaled upwards or downwards as desired.
  • the ratio in frequency between one selected note and the next will, however, remain unchanged since this proportionality is determined by the frequency numbers which are defined by the encoding matrix 41.
  • the portion of the FIG. 1 apparatus which determines the sequence in which notes are played includes a shift register 65 of suitable length, e.g., 32 bits.
  • a second adjustable oscillator 69 provides a second timing signal, designated the slow clock signal, which is applied to the shift control terminal of register 65. Data held in register 65 is thus periodically shifted.
  • Signals taken from various selected stages of shift register 65 are ap' plied to the selection terminals of each of four separate singlepole, ten-position switches SW1-SW4. These signals are designated Xl-Xl0.
  • the first two switches SW1 and SW2 control the application of digital feedback around the shift register 65, the signals selected by these switches being com bined in an EXCLUSIVE OR gate 67 with the output signal from gate 67, or its complement, being applied as the input signal to the shift register.
  • the new data being introduced into the register depends upon or is a logical function of bits of information obtained from the register itself at selected points.
  • register 65 will therefore operate to generate a relatively complicated binary sequence which may have a very long period of repetition, depending upon the settings of the switches SW1 and SW2.
  • the complexity and length of the pattern produced can be increased if desired by increasing the number of components which are combined, e.g., by adding additional switches to switches SW] and SW2, and by varying the combination arrangement, e.g., by using other and more complicated logic functions in place of the EXCLUSIVE OR. If desired, means may also be provided for preloading the register so as to define the starting point in the sequence or function and to permit sequences to be duplicated.
  • the signals selected by the other two switches SW3 and SW4 are applied, through leads 52 and 53, as two of the tree signals which control the note-selecting gate circuit 50.
  • the other control signal, applied through lead 51, is obtained from a fixed one of the points in shift register 65.
  • the frequency with which the note being played is changed will, of course, depend upon the frequency of operation of oscillator 69.
  • oscillator 69 determines the basic tempo.
  • the tempo may be adjusted, without affecting the pitch of the notes being played, by varying the frequency of operation of oscillator 69.
  • the frequency of operation of oscillator 69 determines basic tempo, it should be understood that the note being played will not necessarily change pitch once for each cycle of the oscillator.
  • the binary pattern or sequence produced by the register 65 will typically continue for a relatively long interval without repeating, various intervals may frequently occur in which there is no change in the particular bits used for note selection. In fact, this is preferably the case for pleasing music.
  • the musical themes or compositions generated by the apparatus of FIG. 1 can be further varied by including in the apparatus one or more of the modifier circuits illustrated in FIGS. 3-5, each of these modifier circuits being adapted for operation in association with a respective counting or control circuit such as that illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the slow clock signal SC and selected ones of the signals provided by the various stages of shift register 65 are provided to fixed positions or poles of a selector switch SW5. One of the switch positions is left unconnected to permit the respective modification circuit to be rendered inoperative.
  • the signal selected by switch SW5 is applied to a 3-bit down counter 71 which, as is explained hereinafter, controls the frequency of appearance of the respective theme modification.
  • Down counter 71 is of the type which can be preset to a preselected value, e.g. a value determined by a 3-bit binarycoded switch as indicated at 73, upon application of a control signal to a SET input to the counter.
  • Counter 71 is also operative to provide a DONE signal when the counter has counted back to zero from the selected preset value.
  • the DONE signal and the slow clock signal SC are combined in a NAND gate 75 to provide a signal which controls the presetting of the counter.
  • this feedback connection causes the down counter 71 to be preset to the preselected value on the nest beat following that in which the DONE signal is initiated. Thus, after the selected event has occurred the preset number of times, a DONE signal is produced for a period of one beat.
  • one circuit such as that illustrated in FIG. 2 is used with each of the modifier circuits and thus if all three modifier circuits are employed, three FIG. 2 circuits will be used with the apparatus of FIG. 1.
  • the DONE signals from the FIG. 2 circuits are applied as the GRACE, TEMPO or OCTAVE Control signals indicated in FIGS. 3-5 respectively.
  • the modification illustrated in FIG. 3 effectively operates to provide a grace note at intervals or after sequences of events determined by the operation of the respective FIG. 2 counting circuit.
  • the GRACE signal provided by the respective FIG. 2 circuit is combined in an EXCLUSIVE OR gate 77 with the signal obtained from the note sequence selector switch SW4 (Fig I), this being the signal which determines the least significant bit in the 3-bit note selection code.
  • the output signal from the gate is then applied to the note selection circuit 50 in place of that selector switch signal.
  • the note selection circuit 50 Since the operation of the exclusive OR gate 77 is to, in effeet, complement the signal from switch SW4 whenever the GRACE signal is present, the note selection circuit 50, in effect, selects a note musically adjacent to'that which would ordinarily be selected. Since the GRACE signal complements after an interval corresponding to one period of the slow clock oscillator 69, the adjacent" note lasts for just one beat and the overall effect is that of providing a grace note.
  • the output signal from the slow clock oscillator 69 is applied to a divide-by-two counter or flip-flop 79 so as to obtain a half-frequency signal.
  • the TEMPO signal from the respective Fig. 2 counting circuit is applied to trigger a flip-flop 81 which in turn controls a selection gate circuit 83.
  • the selection gate circuit 83 permits either the direct or the half-frequency signal obtained from the oscillator 69 to be applied to the shift input terminal of register 65.
  • the flip-flop 81 is reversed in state so that the effective tempo or beat frequency is either doubled or halved depending upon the previous state of the flip-flop. In this way, the tempo of the music generated can be varied by a factor of two upon sequence of events predetermined by the operation of the respective FIG. 2 counting unit.
  • the modification illustrated in FIG. 5 operates to selectively change, by one octave, the overall musical pitch of the note sequence being generated.
  • the efiective frequency of the carry signal -,-which is sampled from the sum number circulating through the serial accumulator can be effectively halved by selecting a bit in the sum number which is one place more significant than the original. Since the accumulator in the FIG. 1 embodiment operates in a serial mode, the bit selected can be varied by varying the sample timing.
  • a selection gate circuit 85 is controlled by a flip-flop 87 so as to pass either the T2 timing pulse of the T3 timing pulse to the sampling gate 55.
  • Flip-flop 87 is, in turn, controlled by the OC- TAVE signal provided by the respective FIG. 2 counting unit. Accordingly,whenever the counting circuit generates an OC- TAVE signal pulse, the state of the flip-flop 87 is reversed and the resulting change in sample timing causes the pitch of the note sequence being generated to change by one octave. The change will be up ordown depending upon the previous state of the flip-flop 87.
  • FIG. 1 While the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, employs shift registers both for determining the sequence of notes played and for synthesizing the frequencies or tones corresponding to these notes, suitable patterns and note frequencies can also be generated using multistage counters with selectively controllable digital feedback.
  • a multistage counting circuit with provision for feedback is a form of register comprising means for holding a plurality of bits of digital information in a given order. Further, the held information is likewise changeable according to a predetermined pattern in response to input signals applied to the register.
  • a shift register is one particular kind of register and a multistage counter is another.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates, in a general way, apparatus which employs counting registers with digital feedback in place of the shift register of FIG. 1.
  • the FIG. 6 arrangement employs a first oscillator 101 which acts as a slow clock and provides the basic timing unit for rhythm or note sequencing.
  • a second oscillator 103 acts as a fast clock and provides a basic timing unit for frequency synthesis.
  • Oscillator 103 drives a succession of counting stages 105-109 which provide a maximum frequency division sufficient to reach the lowest note to be played.
  • the last counting stage (109) drives a loudspeaker 111 through an amplifier 113 and a flip-flop 115 which provides a balanced or symmetrical waveform as described previously.
  • the counting chain is provided with a plurality of interlocking digital feedback paths, designated 117-121, each of which includes a respective gate 123-128 for permitting the path to be selectively opened or closed. The particular feedback paths are selected so that the change in the ultimate output frequency produced by changing the state of each gate has a desired musical significance.
  • the various gates are preferably arranged to produce changes in frequency of an octave (2: I a 5th (3:1), a (4th 4:3), a 2nd (about 64:57) and a 3rd (about 63:50).
  • I a 5th (3:1)
  • 4th 4:3 a 4th 4:3
  • 2nd about 64:57
  • 3rd about 63:50
  • the slow clock oscillator 101 drives a counter comprising a plurality of binary stages 141-144.
  • the last stage (144) provides the clock or shift input to an eightstage shift register 145.
  • Spill over from the shift register I45 triggers a commutating flip-flop 146 and the output signal from the flip-flop is in turn fed back to the input terminal of the shift register to provide a feedback mode of operation
  • this feedback function can be further modified by data taken from various stages in the shift register, as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, so as to provide further varieties of long-temt periodic sequences.
  • the tone shifting gates 123-128 are controlled as preselectable logical functions of the various digital signals obtained from the counting stages 141-144 and from the various stages or points of the shift register 145. As will be understood, myriad combinations of these signals can be devised and will generate corresponding sequences of notes.
  • One particular set of selection switches is illustrated in the embodiment of FIG. I but, as will be understood, various types of switching and/or logic gating may be employed. Thus, in FIG. 6 this function of combining various control signals is designated generally as permutative switching circuitry 160.
  • this switching can be employed to apply feedback to the various counting stages 141-144, which feedback varies as a logical function of the signals present in the counting stages 141-144 and the bits of information circulating through the shift register 145.
  • feedback varies as a logical function of the signals present in the counting stages 141-144 and the bits of information circulating through the shift register 145.
  • the use of various combinations of feedback signals will cause the counting stages 141-144 and the shift register 145 ,to generate a great variety of periodic sequences, typically having a very long repetition period.
  • note sequences generated by the synthesis portion of this circuit can also be widely varied as were the sequences provided by the FIG. 1 embodiment.
  • Apparatus for making music comprising:
  • tone generating means operating to provide a variety of musical notes in response to respective predetermined combinations of control signals applied thereto;
  • a register which comprises means for holding a plurality of bits of digital information in a given order, said held information being changeable according to a predetermined pattern in response to input signals applied to said register;
  • tone generating means for applying to said tone generating means control signals which vary as respective preselectable logical functions of the information held in said register thereby to cause said tone generating means to produce a sequence of notes, the pattern of which is a function of the changing information held in said register.
  • said means for applying a second input signal comprises an oscillator connected to said shift register to cause information held in said register to be shifted at a repetition rate which is related to the frequency of operation of said oscillator.
  • said register comprises a multistage counter and means for selectively providing digital feedback to selectively vary the pattern of states generated by said counter.
  • said means for applying a second input signal comprises an oscillator connected to said counter for causing said counter to be incremented through successive states at a rate which is related to the frequency of operation of said oscillator.
  • said tone generating means comprises means for selectively generating a plurality of note signals representing respective musical notes and gate means for passing a selected one of said note signals in response to said control signals.
  • Apparatus as set forth in claim 8 further including a plurality of selector switches each of which selects a signal from one of a plurality of predetermined stages of said register, said selected signals being applied to said gate means as said control signals.
  • said tone generating means comprises gate means operable to selectively change a note being generated and also comprises a plurality of selector switches each of which selects a signal from one of a plurality of predetermined stages in said register, said selected signals being applied to control said gate means.
  • said, tone generating means comprises an oscillator and a multistage frequency dividing counter driven by said oscillator, said counter having a plurality of digital feedback paths, each of said paths having gate means for selectively rendering the respective path inoperative thereby to change the output frequency of the counter by a predetermined factor, said control signals being applied to said gate means to vary the note being generated as a function of the information held in said register.
  • Apparatus for generating a plurality of tone signals having a predetermined scalar frequency relationship comprising:
  • said means for driving said accumulator comprises an oscillator providing a clock signal at a preselected frequency and wherein said clock signal is applied also to said digital signal generating means for timing said serial format, whereby the pitch of said tone signals can be adjusted by varying the frequency of said oscillator while the relationship between the various tone frequencies is maintained.
  • Apparatus for making music comprising:
  • a shift register for holding a plurality of bits of digital information in a given order
  • logic gate means for combining the signals selected by said first pair of switches and applying to said shift register an input signal which is a predetermined logical function of the signals selected by said first pair of switches;
  • selection gate means for selecting one of said digital note signals in accordance with a plurality of control signals applied to said selection gate means, the selected digital note signal being applied to said accumulator;
  • the base frequency of said output signal at any given time is proportional to the number represented by the respective selected digital note signal and thus also to the respective note frequency and whereby the frequency of said output signal changes in a pattern determined by the setting of said selector switches.
  • Apparatus as set forth in claim 16 including means for counting selected events in the pattern of notes generated and for periodically modifying one of said control signals after a predetermined count thereby to provide a grace note.
  • Apparatus as set forth in claim 16 including means for counting selected events in the pattern of notes generated and for periodically, in response to the count, changing the repetition rate at which data is shifted in said register thereby to provide a change in tempo.
  • Apparatus as set forth in claim 16 including means for counting selected events in the pattern of notes generated and for periodically, in response to the count, changing the sample bit of th'e sum number in the accumulator thereby to change the pitcl'l of the note sequence being generated by one octave.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
US11683A 1970-02-16 1970-02-16 Digital music synthesizer Expired - Lifetime US3610801A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US1168370A 1970-02-16 1970-02-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3610801A true US3610801A (en) 1971-10-05

Family

ID=21751527

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11683A Expired - Lifetime US3610801A (en) 1970-02-16 1970-02-16 Digital music synthesizer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3610801A (enExample)
JP (1) JPS5926034B1 (enExample)
DE (1) DE2105449A1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2078623A5 (enExample)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3696201A (en) * 1970-11-12 1972-10-03 Wurlitzer Co Digital organ system
US3743756A (en) * 1971-08-12 1973-07-03 Philips Corp Method of producing tones of a preferably substantially equal-tempered scale
US3746773A (en) * 1972-02-04 1973-07-17 Baldwin Co D H Electronic organ employing time position multiplexed signals
US3809788A (en) * 1972-10-17 1974-05-07 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Computor organ using parallel processing
US3809789A (en) * 1972-12-13 1974-05-07 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Computor organ using harmonic limiting
US3829783A (en) * 1972-03-04 1974-08-13 Zuuren E Van Generator for generating a number of selected frequencies
US3872766A (en) * 1972-12-20 1975-03-25 Pioneer Electronic Corp Synchronizing-pulse generating device for an apparatus for controlling the automatic musical performance of a keyed instrument
US3878750A (en) * 1973-11-21 1975-04-22 Charles A Kapps Programmable music synthesizer
US3979989A (en) * 1974-05-31 1976-09-14 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Electronic musical instrument
US3979996A (en) * 1974-05-31 1976-09-14 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Electronic musical instrument
US4186636A (en) * 1975-10-21 1980-02-05 Thomas International Corporation Digital chord generation for electronic musical instruments
US4188848A (en) * 1975-03-06 1980-02-19 Thomas International Corporation Digital tone and chord generators
US4236436A (en) * 1978-11-08 1980-12-02 Kimball International, Inc. Electronic music synthesizer
US4273019A (en) * 1978-07-11 1981-06-16 Kabushiki Kaisha Suwa Seikosha Electronic tone generator
EP0288800A3 (en) * 1987-04-08 1990-06-20 Casio Computer Company Limited Automatic composer

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3358068A (en) * 1964-06-26 1967-12-12 Seeburg Corp Automatic rhythm device
USRE26521E (en) * 1967-08-08 1969-02-11 Automatic repetitive rhythm instrument ttmino circuitry
US3478633A (en) * 1966-02-07 1969-11-18 Seeburg Corp Counter resetting arrangement for rhythm accompaniment starting
US3482027A (en) * 1965-04-30 1969-12-02 Nippon Columbia Automatic rhythm instrument
US3499091A (en) * 1967-02-10 1970-03-03 Baldwin Co D H Stepping rhythmic interpolater
US3499092A (en) * 1968-08-12 1970-03-03 Baldwin Co D H Accompaniment chord rhythm system
US3518352A (en) * 1967-06-30 1970-06-30 Warwick Electronics Inc Rhythm generating circuit for musical instrument

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3358068A (en) * 1964-06-26 1967-12-12 Seeburg Corp Automatic rhythm device
US3482027A (en) * 1965-04-30 1969-12-02 Nippon Columbia Automatic rhythm instrument
US3478633A (en) * 1966-02-07 1969-11-18 Seeburg Corp Counter resetting arrangement for rhythm accompaniment starting
US3499091A (en) * 1967-02-10 1970-03-03 Baldwin Co D H Stepping rhythmic interpolater
US3518352A (en) * 1967-06-30 1970-06-30 Warwick Electronics Inc Rhythm generating circuit for musical instrument
USRE26521E (en) * 1967-08-08 1969-02-11 Automatic repetitive rhythm instrument ttmino circuitry
US3499092A (en) * 1968-08-12 1970-03-03 Baldwin Co D H Accompaniment chord rhythm system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Build the Psych-Tone, Popular Electronics, Feb. 1971, pp. 25 35. *

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3696201A (en) * 1970-11-12 1972-10-03 Wurlitzer Co Digital organ system
US3743756A (en) * 1971-08-12 1973-07-03 Philips Corp Method of producing tones of a preferably substantially equal-tempered scale
US3746773A (en) * 1972-02-04 1973-07-17 Baldwin Co D H Electronic organ employing time position multiplexed signals
US3829783A (en) * 1972-03-04 1974-08-13 Zuuren E Van Generator for generating a number of selected frequencies
US3809788A (en) * 1972-10-17 1974-05-07 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Computor organ using parallel processing
US3809789A (en) * 1972-12-13 1974-05-07 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Computor organ using harmonic limiting
US3872766A (en) * 1972-12-20 1975-03-25 Pioneer Electronic Corp Synchronizing-pulse generating device for an apparatus for controlling the automatic musical performance of a keyed instrument
US3878750A (en) * 1973-11-21 1975-04-22 Charles A Kapps Programmable music synthesizer
US3979989A (en) * 1974-05-31 1976-09-14 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Electronic musical instrument
US3979996A (en) * 1974-05-31 1976-09-14 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Electronic musical instrument
US4188848A (en) * 1975-03-06 1980-02-19 Thomas International Corporation Digital tone and chord generators
US4186636A (en) * 1975-10-21 1980-02-05 Thomas International Corporation Digital chord generation for electronic musical instruments
US4273019A (en) * 1978-07-11 1981-06-16 Kabushiki Kaisha Suwa Seikosha Electronic tone generator
US4236436A (en) * 1978-11-08 1980-12-02 Kimball International, Inc. Electronic music synthesizer
EP0288800A3 (en) * 1987-04-08 1990-06-20 Casio Computer Company Limited Automatic composer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2078623A5 (enExample) 1971-11-05
DE2105449A1 (de) 1971-08-26
JPS5926034B1 (enExample) 1984-06-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3889568A (en) Automatic chord performance apparatus for a chord organ
US4077294A (en) Electronic musical instrument having transient musical effects
EP0149896B1 (en) Method and apparatus for dynamic reproduction of transient and steady state voices in an electronic musical instrument
JPH0120756B2 (enExample)
US3958483A (en) Musical instrument rhythm programmer having provision for automatic pattern variation
US4166405A (en) Electronic musical instrument
US4144789A (en) Amplitude generator for an electronic organ
US4375177A (en) Automatic electronic musical instrument
US4537108A (en) Electronic musical instrument having variable frequency dividers
JPS5942316B2 (ja) 電子楽器
JPS6028359B2 (ja) 電子楽器
JP2661211B2 (ja) 音信号発生装置，音信号発生方法及びこれを含む楽音発生装置
JPH0617194Y2 (ja) エンベロープ発生装置
JP2822960B2 (ja) 音信号発生装置、音信号発生方法及びこれを含む楽音発生装置
US4332181A (en) Electronic musical instrument with means for selecting tone clock numbers
US4188848A (en) Digital tone and chord generators
JPS633318B2 (enExample)
JPS604474B2 (ja) 電子楽器のビブラート装置
JPH05134673A (ja) 電子楽器
JPS5910997A (ja) 電子楽器におけるエンベロ−プ制御方式
JPS6315597B2 (enExample)
JPH02134694A (ja) 音発生装置
JPH02134695A (ja) 音発生装置
JPH0223398A (ja) プログラマブル自動伴奏装置
JPS6032880B2 (ja) 自動伴奏装置