US3605372A - Method of making a reinforced plastic lintel - Google Patents

Method of making a reinforced plastic lintel Download PDF

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Publication number
US3605372A
US3605372A US592861A US3605372DA US3605372A US 3605372 A US3605372 A US 3605372A US 592861 A US592861 A US 592861A US 3605372D A US3605372D A US 3605372DA US 3605372 A US3605372 A US 3605372A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
lintel
mortar
blocks
fiber glass
plastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US592861A
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English (en)
Inventor
Arthur H Wunderlich
Roman Slysh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
Original Assignee
Exxon Research and Engineering Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Exxon Research and Engineering Co filed Critical Exxon Research and Engineering Co
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Publication of US3605372A publication Critical patent/US3605372A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J171/00—Adhesives based on polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J171/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
    • C09J171/14—Furfuryl alcohol polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/06—Unsaturated polyesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J167/00—Adhesives based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J167/06—Unsaturated polyesters having carbon-to-carbon unsaturation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
    • C08L2666/54—Inorganic substances

Definitions

  • the present invention is broadly concerned with improved structures such as walls, buildings, and the like and with a technique of rapidly and economically erecting such structures and buildings.
  • the invention is more specifically concerned with the utilization of a plastic lintel in place of conventional lintels such as wood, steel and the like.
  • a unique roll-on mortar is used in conjunction with the plastic lintel for securing the respective block courses whereby effective sealing is secured by a glue line rather than by a. usual separation using conventional mortar.
  • the roll-on mortar used in the present invention, in conjunction with the plastic lintel not only securely affixes the respective courses but also may be used to seal the exterior faces of the building elements such as building blocks.
  • the improved mortar also may be utilized on the inner surface to secure a decorative and pleasing aesthetic value.
  • the mortar may be used to erect structures at temperatures below 40 F. and since there is no water present in the mortar, moisture will not be absorbed by the masonry which tends to decrease mechanical strengths.
  • a specific adaptation of the present invention is to utilize a plastic lintel rather than a conventional lintel particularly in conjunction with a glue line type mortar, and particularly in conjunction with structural members comprising finely divided aggregate bound by a bituminous binder.
  • a third different type of coating is used.
  • the present invention is concerned with a high speed erection system utilizing a roll-on type of mortar wherein a skin-type of seal is secured between the respective blocks and the respective courses.
  • these blocks may be rolled on both the exterior and interior surfaces in order to waterproof the exterior surfaces and to secure a desired aesthetic and pleasing skin on the interior surfaces.
  • lintel members wood structures and steel structures. The wood structures are subject to deterioration as are the metallic structures which are particularly subject to corrosion.
  • the present invention utilizing a reinforced plastic lintel is very desirable in that it makes for simplicity of construction, is more economical, and the lintel acts as flashing which prevents water from collecting and penetrating into the wall.
  • a preferred method of construction is to erect a supporting form across the opening in which the supporting form has the same width as the wall.
  • This supporting form is then covered with a plastic film such as polyethylene.
  • the mortar of the present invention which is also used in the wall construction, usually is then applied on the top surface of the plastic film.
  • the fiber glass tape having the same width as the wall as, for example, about 12 inches. is then placed on the top of the coated plastic film. This will saturate the undersurface of the fiber glass to impart greater strength to the fiber glass.
  • Sufficient mortar is also applied to the top surface of the fiber glass in order to fully saturate the fiber glass.
  • the building blocks are then positioned on the impregnated fiber glass across the opening in the usual manner.
  • the respective ends of the fiber glass can then be folded upwardly or downwardly on the ends of the building blocks after these ends have been coated with additional mortar in order to obtain good contact between the impregnated fiber glass and the block. Under usual conditions the structure will set in about 24 hours but is completely set in about 72 hours. The supporting structure of wood and plastic film is then removed.
  • the structure of the present invention may be fully understood by reference to the drawing illustrating one embodiment of the same.
  • a typical wall structure is illustrated by blocks 21, 10, 20, and 22 having an opening thereinbetween, for example, of about 48 inches.
  • the supporting structure will have a fiber glass reinforced plastic lintel 16 extending over the opening between blocks 10 and 20.
  • Other blocks 11 to 15 comprising part of the lintel are supported by the plastic lintel as illustrated.
  • the ends of the plastic lintel may be folded upwardly between blocks 23 and 11, and between blocks 15 and 24.
  • the respective ends of the fiber glass may be folded downwardly between blocks 21 and 10, and between blocks 20 and 22.
  • the present invention is concerned with a timesaving erection lintel system which preferably uses solid compositions or blocks comprising 330%, preferably about 5.5% to 12%, by weight of a bituminous binder such as asphalt which is mixed with a subdivided solid such as clay and which is then compressed to a theoretical density in the range from about 70 to 98% preferably to a theoretical density in the range from about 80 to 95%.
  • the compressed product is heat cured in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature in the range from about 250 to 550 F., preferably from about 360 F. to 500 F., for a period of time from about 1 hour to 10 days, preferably from about 4 hours to 80 hours and, most preferably, from 8 hours to 24 hours.
  • very high quality products are secured when treating at a temperature in the range from about 375 F. to 400 F. for a period of from about 4 to 16 hours, such as about 10 hours.
  • the improved mortar used in the present invention is a resin-based mortar which is applied with a paint-type roller preferably to the asphalt blocks as described.
  • Preferred mortars are furfuryl alcohol resin-based mortars and an unsaturated polyester resin-based mortar. These materials can be easily applied over a wide range of temperatures to produce strong and damp-proof walls.
  • the resin is a stable material with little or no tendency to advance or change in viscosity provided it is stored in a cool place. Optimum storage conditions are preferably below 75 F.
  • Component C D E percent Polyester resin 480 1 42. 0 22. 0 60-10 Polyester resin 4920 48. 0 22. 0 60-10 Pyrogenic silica 1. 6 1. 0 1. 3 0. 5-5. 0
  • UV-9 light absorber 4 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0-0. 5
  • polyester mortars may vary from 1-60% by The preparation of the polyester mortars is the same as that for the preparation of furfuryl alcohol mortars.
  • Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide acts as a polymerization initiator.
  • the present invention is concerned with a high speed erection system which provides a strong, attractive damp-proof wall structure at a low overall cost. While the system may be used utilizing various types of blocks, such as concrete blocks, it is particularly adaptable for use with bituminous bonded blocks as described. It is preferred that the first course be laid with cementitious mortar in order to eliminate irregularities in the footing. This course is laid with care making sure it is properly aligned, leveled and plumbed. The organic base mortar is prepared as described and is applied by rolling the top course and the ends of the blocks which are placed in the next course. The block accuracy should be 1%2 inch, preferably of an accuracy of an inch.
  • EXAMPLE I Two identical wall structures were constructed. With respect to one wall structure, the conventional technique was used whereas in the second wall structure the technique of the present invention was used. The amount of time saved is shown in the following Table 3.
  • the resin-based mortars of the present invention show very high bonding strengths, compressive strengths, and tensile strengths. They have a very low water absorption as compared with the conventional cement mortars. This is illustrated by the data presented in Table 4 following.
  • the preferred method to secure the thin glue line is by rolling on the glue or adhesive, it is to be understood that other techniques such as brushing and spraying can also be used to secure the thin glue line.
  • the preferred adhesives are selected from the class consisting of furfuryl alcohol resins and unsaturated polyester resins, it is to be understood that other adhesives may be used such as epoxies and polyurethane adhesives.
  • other resins which may be used as adhesives include:
  • Epoxies epoxy-esters, epoxy-amines, epoxy-polyamides, coal tar epoxies, phenolic epoxies, epoxy-polysulfides, epoxy-acrylic
  • polyurethanes and isocyanates glycol, polyamine, polyether, polyester, or castor oil-based
  • phenoxy-di-isocyanates
  • furane resins furfuryl alcohol, furfuryl alcohol-furfural, furfuryl alcohol-formaldehyde
  • the resins can be used either alone, or they can be extended with various fillers and/ or additives to impart specific properties.
  • fiber glass is the much preferred plastic lintel
  • other reinforcing materials can be used in the construction of the new lintel.
  • fibrous fillers with high tensile strength e.g., asbestos (chrysotile, crocidolite, amosite), cotton, metals, carbon, and a variety of synthetic fibers, such as rayon, cellulose acetate, nylon, acrylics, polyesters, polypropylene, etc.
  • Other fibrous fillers which can be used in the construction of the plastic lintel include boron, graphite, quartz (fused silica), paper and polyamide.
  • Improved method for the erection of a masonry wall structure having an opening comprising a lintel and individual building blocks which comprises placing a form across the opening, covering the form with a plastic film so as to provide support for a fiber glass tape, stretching a fiber glass tape across the opening on top of said plastic film and adhering on said fiber glass tape a thin glue line of adhesive, thereafter positioning building blocks on top of said fiber glass tape, and removing the form and the plastic film after setting has occurred so as to provide a lintel over the opening.
  • said adhesive is selected from the class consisting of furfuryl alcohol resins, unsaturated polyester resins, and epoxy resins.
  • said adhesive is a mortar which comprises about 40 to 70% by weight of furfuryl alcohol resin, from about 0.3 to 5.0% by weight of pyrogenic silica, from about 60 to 20% by weight of silica and from about 0.5 to 15% by weight of an acid catalyst.
  • polyester resin consists of about 60 to 10% by weight of a polyester resin, from about 0.5 to 5.0% by weight of pyrogenic silica, from about 1.0 to 10% by weight of styrene, and from about 30 to 60% by weight of ground sand.
  • said epoxy resin consists of about -20% by weight of an epoxy resin, 3-70% by weight of an amine or polyamide hardener, 0.5-5.0% by weight of pyrogenic silica and from about 20 to 80% by weight of ground sand.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
US592861A 1966-10-28 1966-11-08 Method of making a reinforced plastic lintel Expired - Lifetime US3605372A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US59019766A 1966-10-28 1966-10-28
US59286166A 1966-11-08 1966-11-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3605372A true US3605372A (en) 1971-09-20

Family

ID=27080781

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US592861A Expired - Lifetime US3605372A (en) 1966-10-28 1966-11-08 Method of making a reinforced plastic lintel

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3605372A (de)
BE (1) BE701072A (de)
DE (1) DE1658829A1 (de)
ES (1) ES342832A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1150793A (de)
GR (1) GR33979B (de)
LU (1) LU54070A1 (de)
NL (1) NL6709351A (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4202143A (en) * 1978-06-12 1980-05-13 Brian Mear Combined formwork and cavity tray
US20060179738A1 (en) * 2005-02-17 2006-08-17 Cast-Crete Corporation Lintel
US20120096796A1 (en) * 2010-10-25 2012-04-26 Tomahawk, Inc. Waterproof masonry cement
US8752345B1 (en) * 2004-06-07 2014-06-17 Athas N. Kometas Apparatus and method for framing windows and doors

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3035040A1 (de) * 1980-09-17 1982-04-29 Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von mauerwerk aus hochlochsteinen und duennbettmoertel
IT1237828B (it) * 1989-11-14 1993-06-18 Silvio Bandini Composizione a base di resine poliestere con duplice azione di colla e stucco, utilizzabile su materiali di diversa natura.

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4202143A (en) * 1978-06-12 1980-05-13 Brian Mear Combined formwork and cavity tray
US8752345B1 (en) * 2004-06-07 2014-06-17 Athas N. Kometas Apparatus and method for framing windows and doors
US20060179738A1 (en) * 2005-02-17 2006-08-17 Cast-Crete Corporation Lintel
US20120096796A1 (en) * 2010-10-25 2012-04-26 Tomahawk, Inc. Waterproof masonry cement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6709351A (de) 1968-04-29
LU54070A1 (de) 1968-03-12
DE1658829A1 (de) 1970-11-12
GB1150793A (en) 1969-04-30
ES342832A1 (es) 1968-08-16
BE701072A (de) 1968-01-08
GR33979B (el) 1968-02-29

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