US3602444A - Impact comminutor - Google Patents

Impact comminutor Download PDF

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Publication number
US3602444A
US3602444A US806200A US3602444DA US3602444A US 3602444 A US3602444 A US 3602444A US 806200 A US806200 A US 806200A US 3602444D A US3602444D A US 3602444DA US 3602444 A US3602444 A US 3602444A
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United States
Prior art keywords
impeller
teeth
combination
breaker
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US806200A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ludwig Meyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HAZEMAZ HARTZERKLEINERUNZS und
Original Assignee
HAZEMAZ HARTZERKLEINERUNZS und
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/09—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate
    • B02C13/095—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate with an adjustable anvil or impact plate

Definitions

  • An impact comminuter for bulky refuse comprises a housing for a toothed impeller which rotates about a horizontal axis and propels material against an impact surface provided on a breaker plate which is yieldably mounted in the housing at a level above the impeller axis.
  • the breaker plate has a serrated portion which is adjacent to the impeller and whose teeth define gaps for the teeth of the impeller.
  • the front flanks of teeth on the serrated portion are either flush with the impact surface or are located downstream of such surface, as considered in the direction of rotation of the impeller.
  • the front flanks and/or the lands of teeth on the serrated portion can be provided with serrations.
  • the present invention relates to impact comminutors in general, and more particularly to improvements in comminutors which can be utilized to break up bulky pieces of refuse, especially pieces of damaged furniture, mattresses or the like.
  • Such comminutors normally comprise a toothed impeller or rotor which rotates in a housing and propels material against one or more breaker plates.
  • a comminutor with yieldable breaker plates can be used for crushing of minerals as well as for crushing 'of bulky refuse which often contains hard-to-break parts, such as hinges, metallic posts or other hardware normally found in pieces of furniture, crates or like bulky goods.
  • a drawback of presently known impact comminutors is that they are not suited for comminution of relatively soft and/or tough materials, such as rubber, fibers to be found in mattresses, or the like. Such materials must be broken up by tearing, not by impact, and the presently known comminutors are not provided with any effective means for tearing up fibers, rubber or the like.
  • Attempts to convert conventional comminutors for treatment of elastic or fibrous materials include the provision of teeth on the impact surface or surfaces of one or more breaker plates. It was found that such proposals are unsatisfactory, especially when the teeth or like projections are provided on the impact surface of the foremost breaker plate. The teeth interfere with proper operation of the comminutor.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an impact comminutor which is sufficiently versatile to be capable of comminuting all kinds of goods, including those which consist of wood, ceramic, sheet metal, elastic material and/or fibers.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an impact comminutor which is capable of effecting rapid and uniform comminution of elastic and/or fibrous materials, such as mattresses, fragments of tents or the like.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide the impact comminutor with teeth or analogous comminuting projections which are distributed and designed in such a way that they do not promote clogging of the apparatus and that they insure rapid, uniform and effective comminution of pieces of furniture, bedding or the like.
  • Tl-le improved impact comminutor comprises a housing defining an internal chamber and having an inlet and an outlet, a rotary impeller mounted in the chamber of the housing in the path of material which is admitted through the inlet, and breaker means provided in the housing and including a first portion having an impact surface against which the bulk of admitted material is propelled by the impeller and a serrated second portion having a front surface which is located between the impeller and the impact surface.
  • the front surface-of the serrated portion is at most flush with the adjoining part of the impact surface but can be placed behind such impact surface, i.e., downstream of the impact surface, as considered in the direction of rotation of the impeller.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an impact comminutor which embodies the invention and includes a breaker means having two breaker
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the serrated portion on the frontbreaker plate;
  • FIG. 3 is a similar fragmentary sectional view of the serrated portion on the rear breaker plate.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an impact comminutor which comprises a housing 1 defining an internal chamber which accommodates a driven drum-shaped impeller or rotor 2 rotating in a clockwise direction about a horizontal axis.
  • the impeller 2 is provided with axially parallel rows of teeth 3.
  • the drawing shows two rows of teeth 3; however, the impeller 2 may provided with a single row or with three or more rows of such teeth.
  • An inlet 4 serves for admission of bulky pieces of refuse like materials, for example, pieces of furniture, mattresses, frames of beds or the like.
  • the outlet of the housing is shown at 4a
  • the chamber of the housing 1 further accommodates several breaker devices, also called breaker plates.
  • the front breaker plate 6 includes an upper or outer portion 6a having an impact surface 6b which is located in the path of travel of material which enters the housing 1 through the inlet 4 and is propelled against the breaker portion 6a by teeth 3.
  • the breaker plate 6 further comprises a serrated second portion or rack 7 which is separately secured to the portion 6a by bolts 7a or analogous fasteners and is located between the impact surface 6b and the periphery of the impeller 22.
  • the teeth 8 of the rack 7 form a row extending in the axial direction of the impeller 2 and defining between themselves gaps or clearances 8a for the teeth 3.
  • the front flanks 9 of the teeth 8 together from a front surface of the rack 7 and such front surface is at most flush with the adjoining part of the impact surface 6b as considered in the direction of rotation of the impeller 2.
  • the flanks 9 are either flush with the substantially radially extending inner part of the impact surface 6b or are offset in a direction to the right, i.e., downstream as seen in the direction of travel of the teeth 3.
  • the first portion 6a of the breaker plate 6 is pivotally secured to the housing, as at 60, and is connected with an adjusting spindle 10 which extends beyond the top wall of the housing 1 and serves as a means for changing the position of the breaker plate 6 with reference to the impeller 2.
  • Material which is admitted by way of the inlet 4 can be furnished by a suitable conveyor, for example, by a vibrating chute or the like, not shown.
  • the housing 1 includes a downwardly inclined wall 5 which guides admitted material into the range of teeth 3 on the impeller 2.
  • the second or rear breaker plate 12 comprises a first portion 12a having an impact surface 12b and mounted on a horizontal pivot 12c, and a serrated second portion 7 which is secured to the portion 12a by fasteners 7a 'and has teeth 11 whose front flanks 9'are positioned with reference to the impact surface 12b in the same way as described in connection with the flanks 8 of teeth 7.
  • the teeth 11 have serrated top lands 11A which face the peripheral surface of the impeller 2.
  • the teeth 11 also form a row and define between themselves gaps for the teeth 3.
  • the serrated portions 7, 7' extend through an angle of in the circumferential direction of the impeller 2, at least 15 degrees.
  • the front flanks 9 and 9 can be serrated, as indicated at 9A in FIG. 2, to further enhance the comminuting action of the apparatus.
  • the serrations on the top lands 11A of teeth 11 serve a similar purpose.
  • FIG. 1 further shows a second adjusting spindle which can be manipulated from the exterior of the housing 1 to change the position of the breaker plate 12 with reference to the impeller. Adjustments in the position of the breaker plate 6 and/or 12 with reference to the impeller 2 will be carried out, when necessary, in order to influence the comminuting action. If desired, the breaker plates 6, 12 can be interchanged, and it is equally within the purview of the present invention to provide the breaker plate 6 with the serrated portion 7' and/or to provide the breaker plate 12 with the serrated portion 7.
  • the apparatus can be provided with a single breaker plate 6 or 12; two or even more breaker plates are normally desirable to effect more intensive breaking action before the fragments reach the outlet 40
  • the impeller 2 is driven by an electric motor or the like (not shown) and the aforementioned chute delivers material to the inlet 4 so that such material descends along the sloping wall 5 and moves into the range of teeth 3.
  • Such teeth propel the material against the front breaker plate 6 where the material undergoes an intensive comminuting action on impact against the surface 6b and against the front surface 9 of the serrated portion 7.
  • the mounting of the breaker plate 6 is such that it can yield (by pivoting about the axis of the member 6c if the pressure against its portion 6a and/or 7 exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the fragments which develop on impact against the surface 6 and 9 are further comminuted by teeth 3 and are caused to move beyond the breaker plate 6 to be propelled against the surfaces 12b, 9' of the second breaker plate 12.
  • the inlet 4 and the breaker plate 6 and 12 are located at a level above a horizontal plane which includes the axis of the impeller 2.
  • the configuration of teeth 8. 11 on the serrated portions 7, 7' is preferably such that these teeth do not have any horizontal facets, flanks or surfaces which could serve as supports or abutments for fragments of comminuted material.
  • the improved apparatus is capable of breaking up bulky pieces as well as of comminuting bodies which consist (entirely or in part) of soft and/or tough materials for example, rubber, fibers or the like. It was further found that such soft or tough materials cannot clog the apparatus and that they are subjected to a very intensive and uniform comminuting action.
  • a combination comprising a housing having an inlet; an impeller having beating means, said impeller being rotatable about an axis and being mounted in said housing in the path of material which is admitted by way of said inlet into said housing; and at least one breaker means provided in said housing, said breaker means including a first portion having a plane impact surface directed toward said axis and against which the admitted material is impelled by said impeller and a second serrated portion between said impeller and said impact surface, said second portion being provided with teeth which are spaced in the direction of said axis and which extends substantially in the direction of rotation of said heating means, said teeth having from surfaces which are at most flush with the adjoining part of said impact surface as considered in the direction of rotation of said im- 2.
  • said teeth defining between themselves gaps and wherein said beating means are teeth which pass through said gaps in response to rotation of said impeller.
  • each of said teeth has a face facing said impeller and including with the front surface of the respective tooth an angle of less than 4.
  • the teeth of said serrated portion have serrated lands facing said impeller.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
US806200A 1968-03-13 1969-03-11 Impact comminutor Expired - Lifetime US3602444A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1657119A DE1657119C3 (de) 1968-03-13 1968-03-13 Prallmühle, insbesondere zum Zer kleinem von Sperrmull

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3602444A true US3602444A (en) 1971-08-31

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ID=5685407

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US806200A Expired - Lifetime US3602444A (en) 1968-03-13 1969-03-11 Impact comminutor

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3602444A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE729809A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1657119C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2003827A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1258965A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6903682A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3929295A (en) * 1973-11-01 1975-12-30 Ippolito Madeline Apparatus for destroying syringes and like articles
US3995816A (en) * 1973-06-07 1976-12-07 Hazemag Dr. E. Andreas Kg Method of and apparatus for fragmenting automobile tires and analogous articles
US3997121A (en) * 1973-06-07 1976-12-14 Hazemag Dr. E. Andreas Kg Apparatus for fragmenting automobile tires
US4049206A (en) * 1975-04-12 1977-09-20 Hazemag Dr. E. Andreas Kg Comminuting machine for trash
US5259692A (en) * 1992-09-04 1993-11-09 Beller Larry D Ground breaking apparatus
EP0718586A1 (de) * 1994-12-20 1996-06-26 MaK System Gesellschaft mbH Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung von Böden
US5881959A (en) * 1995-05-04 1999-03-16 Cmi Corporation Materials grinder with infeed conveyor and anvil
WO2001070405A1 (en) * 2000-03-22 2001-09-27 Recot, Inc. Method and apparatus for forming food clusters
EP1267002A1 (de) * 2001-06-15 2002-12-18 Jürgen Stehr Mobile Vorrichtung zum Sieben, Separieren, Brechen, Zerkleinern und/oder Mischen
US20060272183A1 (en) * 2005-06-06 2006-12-07 Craig Kergen Ground-clearing apparatus
US20160074867A1 (en) * 2013-05-22 2016-03-17 Bmh Technology Oy Crusher

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103894273B (zh) * 2012-12-28 2017-08-01 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 碎枝机对刀机构

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3995816A (en) * 1973-06-07 1976-12-07 Hazemag Dr. E. Andreas Kg Method of and apparatus for fragmenting automobile tires and analogous articles
US3997121A (en) * 1973-06-07 1976-12-14 Hazemag Dr. E. Andreas Kg Apparatus for fragmenting automobile tires
US3929295A (en) * 1973-11-01 1975-12-30 Ippolito Madeline Apparatus for destroying syringes and like articles
US4049206A (en) * 1975-04-12 1977-09-20 Hazemag Dr. E. Andreas Kg Comminuting machine for trash
US5259692A (en) * 1992-09-04 1993-11-09 Beller Larry D Ground breaking apparatus
EP0718587A1 (de) * 1994-12-20 1996-06-26 MaK System Gesellschaft mbH Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung von Böden
EP0718586A1 (de) * 1994-12-20 1996-06-26 MaK System Gesellschaft mbH Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung von Böden
US5881959A (en) * 1995-05-04 1999-03-16 Cmi Corporation Materials grinder with infeed conveyor and anvil
WO2001070405A1 (en) * 2000-03-22 2001-09-27 Recot, Inc. Method and apparatus for forming food clusters
US6378795B1 (en) 2000-03-22 2002-04-30 Recot, Inc. Method and apparatus for forming food clusters
EP1267002A1 (de) * 2001-06-15 2002-12-18 Jürgen Stehr Mobile Vorrichtung zum Sieben, Separieren, Brechen, Zerkleinern und/oder Mischen
US20060272183A1 (en) * 2005-06-06 2006-12-07 Craig Kergen Ground-clearing apparatus
US20160074867A1 (en) * 2013-05-22 2016-03-17 Bmh Technology Oy Crusher
US10016761B2 (en) * 2013-05-22 2018-07-10 Bmh Technology Oy Crusher

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE729809A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-08-18
DE1657119B2 (de) 1973-05-17
DE1657119A1 (de) 1970-01-08
GB1258965A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-01-05
FR2003827A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-11-14
NL6903682A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-09-16
DE1657119C3 (de) 1973-12-06

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