US3477080A - Elevated highway structures of prestressed concrete - Google Patents

Elevated highway structures of prestressed concrete Download PDF

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Publication number
US3477080A
US3477080A US655070A US3477080DA US3477080A US 3477080 A US3477080 A US 3477080A US 655070 A US655070 A US 655070A US 3477080D A US3477080D A US 3477080DA US 3477080 A US3477080 A US 3477080A
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United States
Prior art keywords
gap
highway
sections
expansion
runway
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US655070A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ulrich Finsterwalder
Klemens Finsterwalder
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Walter Bau AG
Original Assignee
Dyckerhoff and Widmann AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DED39058A external-priority patent/DE1258441B/de
Priority claimed from DED39057A external-priority patent/DE1221662B/de
Priority claimed from DE1963D0041230 external-priority patent/DE1243711B/de
Application filed by Dyckerhoff and Widmann AG filed Critical Dyckerhoff and Widmann AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3477080A publication Critical patent/US3477080A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
    • E01D21/10—Cantilevered erection
    • E01D21/105—Balanced cantilevered erection
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D1/00—Bridges in general
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/06—Arrangement, construction or bridging of expansion joints
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
    • E01D2101/20—Concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E01D2101/24—Concrete
    • E01D2101/26—Concrete reinforced
    • E01D2101/28—Concrete reinforced prestressed

Definitions

  • the invention is particularly concerned with an elevated highway of the type disclosed in the parent case and the construction of joints for connecting the supported sections with the sections which cantilever out from column-like supports.
  • a freely borne support or bearerknown as a suspended span-between every pair of mushrom sections means that, as compared with the prior art, the negative bending moments near the support can be reduced considerably for a given span, so that the overall height of the bearing construction can be reduced.
  • the height of the suspended span is, for instance, only about 1/5 of its span or 1150 of the bridge span. This reduced height, which is barely half as much as the height of the thinnest prestressed concrete bridge beams prveiously known, is operative for 5A; of the total span, i.e., as far as the connection to the mushroom section.
  • a suspended span having twice as many cross-joints as the prior art elevated highway is the result of a special construction of the carriageway transitions at the expansion joints, such that the carriageway surfacing can extend uninterruptedly and uniformly over the whole length of the bridge. It is therefore another object of the in vention so to construct the joints that there is a smooth connection between the various components of the elevated highway, i.e., between the mushroom supports and the spans suspended between them. It was recognized that the joints need not be uniformly distributed throughout bridge length but can be placed correspondingly closer together if means are provided for distributing changes in length at the expansion joints between the various elements of the construction over a distance sufficient to ensure that such changes do not impair the carriageway surfacing.
  • the tensioning members interconnecting the structural elements which abut one another at the expansion joints are in the form of tendons extending through concrete joists which are pierced transversely of their longitudinal axis and which are mounted for displacement and closely adjacent one another, transversely of bridge length, in a recess in one element, while the joists are covered by the continuous carriageway surfacing above them.
  • a structural element having the shape of a beam the cross section of which is ⁇ preferably a flat rectangle, which is disposed parallel to and bridges the expansion joint and located in recesses of the adjacent sections of the highway and supported to yield elastically in horizontal direction that it maintains its position relative to the joint for any opening width and that the runway cover passes over the structural element Where it is interrupted at extensions of the gap between the element and the adjacent sections of the highway.
  • This structural element is suitably made of steel reinforced concrete and preferably prefabricated.
  • the entire change in length of the adjoining highway sections that must be absorbed by the expansion joint or gap is distributed among two slots between the structural element and the adjacent highway sections.
  • the expansion gap construction in accordance with the invention is intended primarily for supporting structures of relatively short length
  • the expansion in length apportioned to each of the individual slots becomes only so large as a result of the division of the total expansion, that no load absorbing slot bridging means are needed and that only a seal needs to be provided in the individual slot. Due to the particular placement of the beam shaped element eventual vertical displacements and angular twisting are made possible without introducing restraining means, to be sure, but their effects on the runway cover are made negligible.
  • the beam shaped structural element may be connected with the adjacent highway sections in a manner known per se by elastic, yielding pull members, ⁇ that are under tension for any gap width.
  • it may also be placed upon rubber-metal elements, known per se, which on the one hand are connected with the highway sections and on the other hand with the structural element proper.
  • the slots can be filled with a sealing substance which elastically follows the changes in form.
  • FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal section through an elevated highway
  • FIGURE 2 is a section showing one embodiment of joint construction
  • FIGURE 3 is a further section ofthe embodiment in accordance with FIGURE 2 drawn to a smaller scale.
  • FIGURE 4 is a section of a further embodiment of a joint similar to that in FIGURE 2.
  • An elevated highway according to the invention comprises supports or columns or the like 1, 1', 1 and so on, disposed at appropriate distances apart from one another.
  • the supports have mushroom-like tops forming slabs which extend in all directions so that widened parts 2, 2', 2" are produced which form the carriageway.
  • the gaps between the mushrooms or slabs are bridged by means of flat suspended spans 3, 3 or the like supported on bracket-like steps 4 as in FIG. 1, or 36 as seen in FIG. 3 and which project from the widened parts 2 (or 35, FIG. 3).
  • Sliding bearings 5 are interposed between the part 4 and the suspended span 3. These bearings are shown in FIG. 3 at 38 between slab ends 35, 37.
  • the suspension spans 3, 3 can be strengthened in the region of carriageways.
  • the length of the suspended span 3 is about half the distance between two adjacent supports. For instance, span length is about 15 meters if the between-supports distance is 30 meters.
  • FIGS. 2 and 4 Embodiments of the joint construction in accordance with the invention are illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 4 between two sections or supported slabs 20 and 21 of a highway 22 which adjoin at an expansion joint 6.
  • the sections 20 and 21 (or 35, 37 in FIG. 3 or 40, 41 in FIG. 4) are provided in their upper parts proximate the gap 6 with recesses 23 (FIG. 3, or 42 FIG. 4) into which has been placed a structural element 24 in the form of a beam that extends parallel to the joint 6.
  • Each recess has a horizontal bottom surface 23a and two generally vertical sides 23b (42a, 42h, respectively, in FIG. 4).
  • the structural element 24 is of fiat rectangular cross section and is so dimensioned that it fills the recesses, except for minor gaps, and that the runway cover or surfacing 25 can be passed over the structural element.
  • the runway surfacing consists, for example, of a wear layer 25a which is arranged upon a supporting layer 25b over an insulating layer 25C.
  • the beam 24 rests on rubber bearings or supports 30, which on the one hand are rigidly connected with the concrete of the highway sections or slabs 20 and 21 and, on the other hand, with the beam 24.
  • the fastening of the rubber bearings is effected by threaded bolts 27 which are threaded into threaded sleeves 28 embedded in the concrete as well as by anchoring means such as threaded bolts 29 which pass through the beam 24.
  • any movement of the gap 6 is divided into halves between the gaps 26a and 26b. This even distribution is obtained by the rubber bearings 30 which can be subjected to tension as well as to pressure.
  • the edges of the gaps 26a and 26b passing through the runway surfacing 25 must be protected, because the runway surface does not have suicient rigidness. This is effected in a particularly suitable manner in that the runway surface is reinforced in the area of the gap by inlays of highly solid or rigid plastic.
  • FIG. 2 it is indicated how slots 31 are produced through the gaps 26a and 2612 in the runway surface at short distances transversely of the gaps which suitably extend into the concrete of the structure. These slots 31 are subsequently filled with a highly solid plastic material which must rigidly adhere to the material of the runway surface, and which may be enriched with quartz, sand and/or glass fibers for increasing the rigidness. Upon hardening of this mixture of plastic material the actual gap is cut in above the original movable gap.
  • This sealing strip consists of a foam rubber type material saturated with bitumen, which can be compressed to about 20% of its thickness and will remain in this condition for a long time, whereupon it will resume its original thickness. It is advisable to arrange this sealing strip only in the lower part of the movable gaps 26a and 26b, as indicated at 33 in FIG. 2, and to seal or close the upper part with a rubber member 34 known per se, for example of neoprene, which serves the purpose of preventing smaller foreign bodies from penetrating into the gap.
  • gap seals are on the market, for example, under the name Dupon Gap Inserts. If only very small gap movements are to be expected, then the reinforcement of the surface and a special seal of the gaps by a rubber body may be foregone. The sealing in this case is then brought up to the surface of the runway surfacing.
  • FIGURE 3 shows to a smaller scale the introduction of the expansion joint construction in accordance with the invention in the top of a bridge construction.
  • a cantilever support or slab 35 is indicated which terminates in a ledge 36 upon which a hanging slab or support 37 rests on a bearing 38.
  • the runway plate 39 passing over the supports is thickened in the region of the gap.
  • the concrete beam 24 rests in the recesses 23 over which the runway cover 25 is passed.
  • the reinforcement 32 of the edges of the gap is the same as in the example in accordance with FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 A further possibility of arranging the beam type structural element 24 in the region of a gap of the structure is indicated in FIG. 4.
  • the adjacent structural elements are indicated at 40 and 41.
  • these are provided with recesses 42 in which the prefabricated beam 24 rests on bearings 43 and fills the recesses.
  • Tensioning or anchoring elements 44 extend from both structural parts 40 and 41 into the concrete beam 24, which elements cross one another in its cross section and are anchored at the opposite ends by means of anchoring means 45, known per se.
  • the gaps between the concrete body or beam 24 and the recesses can be lined in a known manner with foam material 46.
  • a notch 47 is cut to the desired depth, for example by means of a milling cutter, as the first operation. In the embodiment illustrated this notch is carried down into the insulating layer. After the breaking of the sharp edges of the notch a highly solid plastic material 48 is pressed in, but which is still soft at the time it is inserted and is so worked that the surface of the plastic mass 48 is in alignment with the surface of the runway surfacing and completely fills the wedge. After hardening of the plastic mass an incision is made in a further operation longitudinally of the mass and of the required width of the final joint gap 26a, 2Gb. This incision may go as far as the plastic mass 48 but can also be passed through the runway surfacing below this mass into the insulation. Suitably the joint gap can still be filled by elastic seals 46.
  • the low overall height achieved by using suspension spans is useful in planning urban elevated highways, more particularly because the distance between the level of the bottom highway and the level of the top highway can be kept to a minimum, with a corresponding reduction in the lengths and heights of the associated slip roads and their construction.
  • the columns, which are secured in the foundation and in the mushroom head, can have the lowest cross-section which is statically necessary, since no spaced is required for bearings.
  • the lower road is therefore kept substantially free from connections to the upper road.
  • the building system described above also makes it possible to produce bridge spans which in plan are curved, since only bridge sections of the length of about half a span are concreted at any one time and it is a relatively simple matter to move the scaffold bearer used in the construction along a curve.
  • an elevated highway or bridge structure of concrete of the type comprising supports disposed at intervals, supporting slabs cantilevering freely out from said supports and recessed along opposite upper edges to provide supporting ledges, and a supported slab disposed intermediate and bridging a pair of said supporting slabs, said supported slab being recessed along opposite lower edges to dene cooperating ledges seated on said supporting ledges, said supporting ledges and said cooperating ledges having vertical surfaces spaced to define an expansion gap, continuous upper edges of said slabs defining a recess having a bottom spaced above said ledges and having spaced vertical sides on opposite sides of said expansion gap and above said ledges, a structural element having the cross section of a beam disposed in said recess and extending parallel to, across and above said expansion gap, the sides of said element and said vertical sides of said recess defining slots therebetween, supporting bearings on the bottom surface of said recess below opposite sides of said element adjacent said slots, and anchoring elements extending from said element proximate one side thereof into
  • anchoring elements are tensioning elements extending from adjacent slab sections into said structural element to proximate the opposite side thereof and being under tension for any condition of spacing between the ends of the slabs defining the expansion joint.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
US655070A 1962-06-01 1967-07-21 Elevated highway structures of prestressed concrete Expired - Lifetime US3477080A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED39058A DE1258441B (de) 1962-06-01 1962-06-01 Brueckenartig ausgebildete Hochstrasse aus Stahlbeton oder Spannbeton
DED39057A DE1221662B (de) 1962-06-01 1962-06-01 Dehnungsfugenausbildung fuer Verkehrswege, insbesondere Hochstrassen
DE1963D0041230 DE1243711B (de) 1963-03-28 1963-03-28 Verfahren zum Herstellen von mehrfeldrigen Brueckentragwerken aus Spannbeton und Einrichtung zum Ausueben des Verfahrens

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US3477080A true US3477080A (en) 1969-11-11

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US655070A Expired - Lifetime US3477080A (en) 1962-06-01 1967-07-21 Elevated highway structures of prestressed concrete
US691556A Expired - Lifetime US3425076A (en) 1962-06-01 1967-12-18 Concrete highway formed in the fashion of a bridge and method of constructing same

Family Applications After (1)

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US691556A Expired - Lifetime US3425076A (en) 1962-06-01 1967-12-18 Concrete highway formed in the fashion of a bridge and method of constructing same

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CH (1) CH418379A (da)
DK (1) DK134411B (da)
GB (1) GB1043421A (da)
NL (1) NL293515A (da)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3710727A (en) * 1970-02-16 1973-01-16 E Svensson Air beam way and switching system
US3897619A (en) * 1973-05-08 1975-08-05 Campenon Bernard Europe Method for placing a connecting sleeve between two pipe sections
US4042308A (en) * 1976-02-18 1977-08-16 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Modular roadway for a transportation system
US4191002A (en) * 1973-03-13 1980-03-04 Unicon Parking Structures, Inc. Demountable multiple level building structure
US4712344A (en) * 1985-04-12 1987-12-15 Karoly Erdei Dome slab building structure and method
US6571717B2 (en) 1998-04-08 2003-06-03 Einar Svensson Y-shaped support structure for elevated rail-vehicle guideway
US20050183357A1 (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-25 The Cretex Companies, Inc. Pre-formed concrete section
CN101413251B (zh) * 2008-11-21 2011-12-28 中国葛洲坝集团股份有限公司 高墩大跨连续刚构桥0号块防裂施工方法
CN112112063A (zh) * 2020-09-28 2020-12-22 单国珠 一种加强型减振降噪多向变位伸缩装置

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3985480A (en) * 1972-08-18 1976-10-12 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Apparatus for the sectional cantilever construction of bridge girder systems
DE2413815C2 (de) * 1974-03-22 1975-09-04 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag, 8000 Muenchen Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Schrägseilbrücke im abschnittsweisen freien Vorbau
US5966764A (en) * 1998-07-02 1999-10-19 Vodicka; Dennis A. Roll beam girder system for bridges
CN101935985B (zh) * 2010-09-19 2011-11-23 湖南路桥建设集团公司 一种斜拉桥钢箱梁中跨合龙方法
CN104594191B (zh) * 2015-02-16 2016-05-25 西安公路研究院 内置波纹钢板的主梁与桥台间无缝伸缩装置及其施工方法
CN104652288A (zh) * 2015-03-06 2015-05-27 中铁十六局集团第二工程有限公司 软土地基现浇大吨位箱梁的施工系统及架构方法
CN109227929A (zh) * 2018-10-22 2019-01-18 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 先张法折线预应力筋下拉分体组合式弯起压锚具
CN109629437A (zh) * 2019-01-11 2019-04-16 中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司 一种箱梁移动式整孔现浇设备及其使用方法
CN110700103B (zh) * 2019-10-16 2022-04-08 中铁工程服务有限公司 一种连续性组合梁施工方法
CN110820594B (zh) * 2019-12-06 2021-04-23 长沙市公路桥梁建设有限责任公司 一种适用于伸缩缝桥墩的对称悬臂施工工艺
CN112112073A (zh) * 2020-05-28 2020-12-22 广州工程总承包集团有限公司 一种穿心钢棒式支撑系统及安装方法
CN113668396A (zh) * 2021-08-17 2021-11-19 广西路桥工程集团有限公司 一种可移动便捷式负弯矩张拉设备

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1533927A (en) * 1923-02-07 1925-04-14 Larsson Carl G Emil Multiple-span bridge
US2698560A (en) * 1947-03-04 1955-01-04 The Union Savings Trus Company Concrete expansion joint
US3114302A (en) * 1958-01-23 1963-12-17 Erich Lubbert Elevated roadways
US3354593A (en) * 1963-01-10 1967-11-28 Zukas Simon Ber Concrete beamless building construction

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US424349A (en) * 1890-03-25 Peters
US609001A (en) * 1898-08-16 Litho
US2963764A (en) * 1950-07-06 1960-12-13 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Constructing a prestressed concrete bridge
US3027633A (en) * 1955-08-19 1962-04-03 Yuba Cons Ind Inc Method and apparatus for bridge construction
US2966718A (en) * 1956-11-06 1961-01-03 David H Dave Method for the installation of reinforced concrete floors in multistoried buildings
US3003219A (en) * 1959-05-23 1961-10-10 Strabag Bau Ag Method and means for erecting elongated structures of concrete

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1533927A (en) * 1923-02-07 1925-04-14 Larsson Carl G Emil Multiple-span bridge
US2698560A (en) * 1947-03-04 1955-01-04 The Union Savings Trus Company Concrete expansion joint
US3114302A (en) * 1958-01-23 1963-12-17 Erich Lubbert Elevated roadways
US3354593A (en) * 1963-01-10 1967-11-28 Zukas Simon Ber Concrete beamless building construction

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3710727A (en) * 1970-02-16 1973-01-16 E Svensson Air beam way and switching system
US4191002A (en) * 1973-03-13 1980-03-04 Unicon Parking Structures, Inc. Demountable multiple level building structure
US3897619A (en) * 1973-05-08 1975-08-05 Campenon Bernard Europe Method for placing a connecting sleeve between two pipe sections
US4042308A (en) * 1976-02-18 1977-08-16 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Modular roadway for a transportation system
US4712344A (en) * 1985-04-12 1987-12-15 Karoly Erdei Dome slab building structure and method
US6571717B2 (en) 1998-04-08 2003-06-03 Einar Svensson Y-shaped support structure for elevated rail-vehicle guideway
US20050183357A1 (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-25 The Cretex Companies, Inc. Pre-formed concrete section
CN101413251B (zh) * 2008-11-21 2011-12-28 中国葛洲坝集团股份有限公司 高墩大跨连续刚构桥0号块防裂施工方法
CN112112063A (zh) * 2020-09-28 2020-12-22 单国珠 一种加强型减振降噪多向变位伸缩装置

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Publication number Publication date
DK134411C (da) 1977-03-21
CH418379A (de) 1966-08-15
NL293515A (da)
GB1043421A (en) 1966-09-21
DK134411B (da) 1976-11-01
US3425076A (en) 1969-02-04

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