US3468131A - Retaining structures placed into the ground and their procedures of execution - Google Patents

Retaining structures placed into the ground and their procedures of execution Download PDF

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Publication number
US3468131A
US3468131A US601392A US3468131DA US3468131A US 3468131 A US3468131 A US 3468131A US 601392 A US601392 A US 601392A US 3468131D A US3468131D A US 3468131DA US 3468131 A US3468131 A US 3468131A
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United States
Prior art keywords
ground
subsoil
pile elements
procedures
execution
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Expired - Lifetime
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US601392A
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English (en)
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Jacques Seidenberg
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Individual
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/08—Improving by compacting by inserting stones or lost bodies, e.g. compaction piles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/10—Deep foundations
    • E02D27/12—Pile foundations
    • E02D27/14—Pile framings, i.e. piles assembled to form the substructure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/48—Foundations inserted underneath existing buildings or constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/10—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against soil pressure or hydraulic pressure

Definitions

  • the procedure according to the invention consists of placing into the ground, in the vicinity and along the foundations of existing structures to be protected, a threedimensional network formed by resisting small sized piles distributed in various directions.
  • the individual pile elements may be preformed and either driven directly into the subsoil or placed within pre-bored holes.
  • the pile elements may be concrete cast in situ with care being taken to prevent spreading of concrete beyond the confines of a previously prepared bore hole.
  • the pattern and the number of piles contained in the network will depend upon the nature of the soil-formations, the size of the excavations, the distance of the nearby existing structures, their particular conditions and so on.
  • the network of piles functions to trap the ground enmeshed therein so as to create a subsurface soil-pile gravity or retaining wall between an excavation and the foundation of the structure to be protected. Presence of the subsurface retaining wall has been found to effectively prevent loosening of soil beneath the foundation of an existing aboveground structure which otherwise would be experienced due to the natural tendency of such subsoil to slide horizontally or downwardly toward the excavation.
  • the network of piles is created prior to starting an excavation or tunnelling operation.
  • the invention also has utility in preevnting further dete- States Patent 0 3,468,131 Patented Sept. 23, 1969 rioration of subsoil conditions adjacent existing excavations or to prevent landslides adjacent naturally occurring depressions or cavities in the ground.
  • FIG. 1 represents the vertical section of the three-dimensional network structure in close vicinity of the building to be protected and the future underground tunnel.
  • FIG. 2 represents the top view.
  • Ezexisting building N street level
  • P connecting beam
  • S three-dimensional network
  • FIG. 1 clearly shows that the construction of the underground tunnel T in close vicinity of the building E might have endangered its stability without the previous strengthening of the ground located between the building and the tunnel by means of the three-dimensional network S which, therefore, acts as a retaining wall with respect to the ground situated under the foundations of the building.
  • the small size piles a,a,b,b',c,c,d,d',e,e' will he usually placed into the ground either by percussion or rotary methods.
  • the rotary method will be applied using special drilling muds consisting of bentonite, clay, cements, etc. Any spread-out of water through the boreholes into the surrounding ground is thus practically avoided during either the drilling or the concreting.
  • special additives may be added to the drilling muds to increase their plugging efliciency.
  • a casing tube will be progressively driven into the borehole for its entire length, to avoid any caving-in.
  • the above said retaining structure can also be used for landslide protection.
  • the piles a,a,b,b',c,c',d,d',e,e' of the retaining structure S may also consist of precast concrete elements placed into the ground by percussion or into previously drilled boreholes.
  • Such operation may be completed by a partial or total grouting before, during or after the placing of the elements themselves.
  • the precast concrete elements may also be replaced by wooden, iron or other elements. While the present invention has been particularly described with reference to excavations, such as tunnels, occurring adjacent to an existing buildings, I wish to be not so limited. Accordingly, in the appended claims I have used the more generic term cavity to include not only exposed and subsurface excavations, such as tunnels, but naturally occurring holes in the ground.
  • a method of forming a laterally supporting retaining wall imbedded in a subsoil adapted to prevent loosening and lateral displacement of subsoil including the steps of: imbedding a plurality of relatively spaced apart generally vertically extending pile elements within said subsoil, positioning said pile elements in a plurality of planes to form a three-dimensional network of pile elements, positioning at least some of the pile elements: of said network inclined vertically with respect to other pile elements, and enmeshing subsoil among the piles of said network for laterally supporting the subsoil against lateral displacement thereof.
  • step of imbedding a plurality of relatively spaced apart generally vertically extending pile elements within said subsoil further includes the step of forcing a plurality of preformed pile elements into said subsoil.
  • step of imbedding a plurality of relatively spaced apart generally vertically extending pile elements within said subsoil further includes the steps of forming bore holes in said subsoil, and casting said pile elements in situ within said bore holes.
  • step of forming bore holes in said subsoil further includes the step of sealing the side walls of said bore holes during formation thereof to prevent passage of fluid therethrough prior to casting in situ.
  • a laterally supporting retaining wall adapted to prevent loosening of subsoil comprising: a plurality of relatively spaced apart pile elements imbedded in the subsoil, at least some of said pile elements being located in a plurality of planes to form a network of pile elements, at least some of said pile elements being vertically inclined with respect to other adjacent pile elements, and subsoil enmeshed in said network of piles, said network of piles cooperating with said subsoil enmeshed therein to define said laterally supporting retaining Wall.
  • pile elements are formed of material chosen from the group including precast concrete, wood, and steel.
  • pile elements comprise concrete cast in situ.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
US601392A 1966-11-29 1966-12-13 Retaining structures placed into the ground and their procedures of execution Expired - Lifetime US3468131A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR85468A FR1509100A (fr) 1966-11-29 1966-11-29 Structure résistante réalisée dans le sous-sol et procédé d'exécution relatif

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3468131A true US3468131A (en) 1969-09-23

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US601392A Expired - Lifetime US3468131A (en) 1966-11-29 1966-12-13 Retaining structures placed into the ground and their procedures of execution

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3468131A (de)
BE (1) BE707277A (de)
DE (1) DE1634589B2 (de)
ES (2) ES338002A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1509100A (de)
GB (1) GB1156029A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3854294A (en) * 1972-12-29 1974-12-17 A Frank Method for producing a pile support arrangement
US4040260A (en) * 1975-03-26 1977-08-09 Pynford Limited Pile with downwardly extending elongated elements
WO1985001763A1 (en) * 1983-10-21 1985-04-25 Geopolyteknik A process for providing foundations and/or reinforcing the ground by laying compensating foundations
US5934840A (en) * 1997-10-03 1999-08-10 Geocon Excavation support structure
CN102817378A (zh) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-12 同济大学 超大直径盾构隧道近距离穿越城市高架桩基的施工方法
CN118128062A (zh) * 2024-05-07 2024-06-04 四川省建筑科学研究院有限公司 一种基坑开挖支护装置及支护方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107740446A (zh) * 2017-10-16 2018-02-27 广州地铁设计研究院有限公司 既有建筑物基础被动补充与洞内托换系统的联合施工方法
CN108396770B (zh) * 2018-01-26 2019-10-18 同济大学 多面围挖条件下既有浅基础建筑物的保护装置及施工方法

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US763213A (en) * 1904-02-25 1904-06-21 Frank Shuman Method of forming concrete piles.
GB148701A (en) * 1919-09-06 1920-08-05 Anthony Henry Krynauw Method of preparing sites for dam walls
CH90630A (de) * 1920-12-20 1921-09-16 August Wolfsholz Presszementba Verfahren zum Dichten, Sichern und Verstärken von Schächten und Stollen in losen Gebirgsschichten.
FR587218A (de) * 1925-04-14
GB263997A (en) * 1925-12-02 1927-01-13 Jorgen Saxild Improvements in and relating to the construction of quay walls, piers and other marine structures
US2313109A (en) * 1939-12-18 1943-03-09 Louis S Wertz Process of treating porous masses
CH245930A (de) * 1944-12-22 1946-12-15 Leemann Edwin Pressbeton-Bauverfahren zur Herstellung von Baukonstruktionen unter Wasser.
US3135097A (en) * 1960-07-26 1964-06-02 Arde Associates Insulated foundation

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR587218A (de) * 1925-04-14
US763213A (en) * 1904-02-25 1904-06-21 Frank Shuman Method of forming concrete piles.
GB148701A (en) * 1919-09-06 1920-08-05 Anthony Henry Krynauw Method of preparing sites for dam walls
CH90630A (de) * 1920-12-20 1921-09-16 August Wolfsholz Presszementba Verfahren zum Dichten, Sichern und Verstärken von Schächten und Stollen in losen Gebirgsschichten.
GB263997A (en) * 1925-12-02 1927-01-13 Jorgen Saxild Improvements in and relating to the construction of quay walls, piers and other marine structures
US2313109A (en) * 1939-12-18 1943-03-09 Louis S Wertz Process of treating porous masses
CH245930A (de) * 1944-12-22 1946-12-15 Leemann Edwin Pressbeton-Bauverfahren zur Herstellung von Baukonstruktionen unter Wasser.
US3135097A (en) * 1960-07-26 1964-06-02 Arde Associates Insulated foundation

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3854294A (en) * 1972-12-29 1974-12-17 A Frank Method for producing a pile support arrangement
US4040260A (en) * 1975-03-26 1977-08-09 Pynford Limited Pile with downwardly extending elongated elements
WO1985001763A1 (en) * 1983-10-21 1985-04-25 Geopolyteknik A process for providing foundations and/or reinforcing the ground by laying compensating foundations
GB2163201A (en) * 1983-10-21 1986-02-19 Geopolyteknik A process for providing foundations and/or reinforcing the ground by laying compensating foundations
US4832533A (en) * 1983-10-21 1989-05-23 Ringesten Bjoern Process for reinforcing soil structure
US5934840A (en) * 1997-10-03 1999-08-10 Geocon Excavation support structure
CN102817378A (zh) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-12 同济大学 超大直径盾构隧道近距离穿越城市高架桩基的施工方法
CN102817378B (zh) * 2011-06-09 2014-06-25 同济大学 超大直径盾构隧道近距离穿越城市高架桩基的施工方法
CN118128062A (zh) * 2024-05-07 2024-06-04 四川省建筑科学研究院有限公司 一种基坑开挖支护装置及支护方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1509100A (fr) 1968-01-12
ES338001A1 (es) 1968-03-16
BE707277A (de) 1968-04-01
DE1634589B2 (de) 1976-10-21
GB1156029A (en) 1969-06-25
ES338002A1 (es) 1968-03-16
DE1634589A1 (de) 1970-07-23

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