US3438211A - Lining structure for subterranean passages - Google Patents

Lining structure for subterranean passages Download PDF

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Publication number
US3438211A
US3438211A US628067A US3438211DA US3438211A US 3438211 A US3438211 A US 3438211A US 628067 A US628067 A US 628067A US 3438211D A US3438211D A US 3438211DA US 3438211 A US3438211 A US 3438211A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
segments
lining structure
segment
lining
flange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US628067A
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English (en)
Inventor
Walter Zywietz
Franz Gantke
Rudolf Seiz
Hans-Gunther Lichtenbaumer
Joachim Neeff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fried Krupp AG Hoesch Krupp
Bochumer Eisenhuette Heintzmann GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Hoesch AG
Bochumer Eisenhuette Heintzmann GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Hoesch AG, Bochumer Eisenhuette Heintzmann GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Hoesch AG
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Publication of US3438211A publication Critical patent/US3438211A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
    • E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lining structure, especially to a tubular structure, for water-tightly lining subterranean passages, such as tunnels, mine galleries, mine shafts and the like. It is known to use for watertightly lining subterranean passages of the aforementioned kind, cast iron or steel tubing, and lately also tubing formed from concrete or reinforced concrete. Such lining structure formed from tubing is relatively heavy and expensive and therefore in many cases not acceptable from a commercial standpoint. This is especially the case for water-tight lining structures which are used for lining of subterranean passages which extend not through solid rock, but through loose soil encountered for instance during building of tunnels and shafts for subways or the like.
  • the profiled steel segments can be manufactured by rolling or bending only with certain tolerances which will make it diflicult to seal the joint between the facing flanges of the segments by sandwiching between the flanges before joining the same by screws or the like known sealing means used for this purpose, for instance 3,438,21 I Patented Apr. 15, 1969 lead foils. While it is possible to calk adjacent edges in a known manner with lead or similar plastic sealing material carefully by hand, such a method must be excluded in the present case in view of the excessive cost of such a method.
  • the lining structure according to the present invention especially a tubular structure for water-tight lining subterranean passages, such as tunnels, mine galleries, mine shafts and the like mainly comprises a plurality of elongated substantially identical steel segments of channel-shaped cross section having each a pair of longitudinally extending flanges of different cross sections respectively shaped so that one flange of one segment may be hooked into the other flange of a segment adjacent thereto, in which the segments are arranged in arcuate sections following each other in longitudinal direction of the structure with end edges of the segments in each section abutting against each other and with one flange of each segment in one section sealingly hooked into the other flange of the segment in the section adjacent thereto, and means in the interior of the tubular structure overlapping the end edges and sealingly connecting the segments at the abutting end edges to each other.
  • the means for sealingly connecting the segments at abutting end edges to each other may comprise a plurality of butt straps having overlapping flanges hooked into each other and the butt straps being fixedly connected to the segments.
  • Each of the segments of channel-shaped cross section has preferably a pair of spaced webs inclined to each other at an opening angle of at least 15 and the spaced webs of each segment are connected by a transverse web.
  • the butt straps have each a cross section substantially identical to the cross section of the segments and the butt straps abut in reverse position and transversely displaced through half the width of each segment against the abutting end portions of the latter so that the transverse web of each butt strap overlaps the interhooked flanges of a pair of adjacent segments and so that the interhooked flanges of a pair of adjacent butt straps overlap the transverse web of a segment.
  • the use of butt straps having the same cross section as the segments has the essential advantage that the butt straps as well as the segments may be manufactured with the same rolls, respectively bending presses, so that the manufacturing costs of the lining structure is further reduced.
  • the segments are in the form of rolled profiles, since in this case it is possible to use end portions of the rolled profile which have a length shorter than that of the segments for the manufacturing of butt straps, whereby the scrap usually resulting in cutting long rolled profiles to segment length can be reduced.
  • the above-mentioned arrangement of the butt straps relative to the segments has the advantage that the interhooked flanges of the segments will be transversely displaced relative to the interhooked flanges of the butt straps.
  • one of the flanges of each segment and each butt strap is hook-shaped offset to form a groove and the other of the flanges has a bent edge portion so as to form a ledge adapted to fit into the groove of the element adjacent thereto.
  • the transverse web of each segment and each butt strap is formed with a longitudinal extending corrugation shaped to receive the hook-shaped offset portion of a respective flange.
  • the segments While it is possible to arrange the segments with the open sides of the channel-shaped cross sections thereof facing toward the interior of the tubular structure formed by the segments, it is preferred to arrange the segments in a manner known per se and used in mine supports so that the open sides of the channel-shaped cross section thereof as well as the open side of the grooves formed in one of the flanges of each segment face outwardly toward the rock or ground surrounding the lining structure and so that the corrugation of each segment is offset toward the center of the structure.
  • connection between segments following each other in axial direction of the structure can, if necessary, be made stronger and a the same time more watertight by pressing the side wall portions defining the groove in the one flange of each segment toward each other so as to clamp the ledge on the flange of the adjacent segment located in the groove between the side wall portions of the latter.
  • segments which are rolled with a heavy wall thickness at similar improvement is obtainable by giving the groove in the one flange and the corrugation in the transverse web of each segment a wedge-shaped configuration.
  • the groove formed by the hook-shaped offset longitudinal portion on the one flange is preferably filled with a hardenable sealing compound, for instance sealing compounds with a butumen base, or other known sealing compounds of plastic material.
  • a hardenable sealing compound for instance sealing compounds with a butumen base, or other known sealing compounds of plastic material.
  • the segments and the butt straps which overlap abutting end portions of the segments and which form the connecting means between axially aligned segments are connected to each other by screws or rivets or preferably by bolts shot in situ through the overlapping elements, whereby preferably sealing means in form of adhesive compounds are sandwiched between engaging faces of segments and butt straps.
  • the abutting end edges of segments following each other in circumferential direction are displaced in this direction with respect to the abutting end edges of the segments in the axially adjacent ring sections for a distance substantially equal to half the length of the segments.
  • successive portions of the axially extending butt straps will alternately overlap abutting edge portions in spaced sections or rings of segments and uninterrupted portions in the rings of segments therebetween.
  • the last-mentioned portions of the butt straps serve in this case only as stiffeners.
  • Additional stiffening means may also be connected to the butt straps and these stiffening means may comprise sheet metal members of a contour corresponding to the profile of the butt straps and welded transversely arranged to the latter to the inner sides thereof. In this way it is possible to strengthen the lining structure to withstand greater longitudinal forces imparted thereto, especially occurring when boring machines for advancing the tunnel or shaft are supported on the lining structure already put in place.
  • the lining structure is to be installed in wet ground it is advantageous to protect the segments against corrosion and in this case the segments may be formed from special corrosion-resistant steel or be protected by a coat of paint, respectively by a coating having a bitumen or plastics base.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a tubular lining structure according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partial view of the lining structure seen from the interior thereof;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross section taken along the line IIIIII of FIG. 2 and drawn to an enlarged scale;
  • FIG. 4 is a detail view of FIG. 3 drawn to a further enlarged scale.
  • the tubular lining structure according to the present invention may comprise a plurality of abutting rings 1 coaxial with the axis of the passage lined by the lining structure, and each of the rings comprises a plurality of segments 1a arranged in circumferential direction of the ring and abutting with end edges 6 against each other and connected to each other in a manner as will be described later on in detail.
  • FIG. 1 shows also a floor 2 in form of a concrete wall fixedly mounted in the interior of the lining structure and extending parallel to the axis thereof transversely through the lower part of its circular cross section.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show the configuration and connection of the segments 1a in further detail.
  • the identical segments 1a are in the form of channel-shaped flanged profiles arranged with the open sides thereof facing towards the ground 3 surrounding the lining structure.
  • Each of the channel-shaped segments 1a has a pair of spaced webs 1a inclined to each other and connected to each other by a transverse web 1d.
  • the opening angle between the inclined webs 1a is at least 15, but preferably considerably greater, as for instance shown in FIG. 3 in which this opening angle is about 70.
  • the flanges 1b and 1c of each segment are of different configuration, and the flange 1b of each segment is hook-shaped offset toward the transverse web 1d to form a groove open toward the surrounding ground whereas the other flange 10 has an inwardly bent edge portion so as to form a ledge fitting into the groove formed in the flange 1b of the adjacent segment.
  • the transverse web 1d of each segment is formed substantially midway with a corrugation 1e offset toward the flanges of the segment for a purpose as will be described later on.
  • the outwardly facing groove in the flange portion 1b is preferably filled with a mass of plastic sealing material 4 (FIG. 4) for instance bitumen, in which the ledge 10 of the flange portion of the axially adjacent segment is pressed during assembly of the structure.
  • the flange portion 10 may be covered with a layer of resilient sealing material of a thickness such that when this flange portion is hooked into the groove of the flange portion 1b the groove is completely filled.
  • the space between the outer surface of the lining structure and the surrounding ground is during installation of the lining structure filled with a tamped or pressure injected mass 5 for instance cement grout, concrete or the like so that the segments after installation are fixed in position and so that the sealingmaterial 4 cannot be displaced by a relative movement of the flange portions 1c and let to each other.
  • Segments following in circumferential direction to each other are connected to each other at their abutting joints 6 by butt straps 7 extending in longitudinal direction of the lining structure.
  • the butt straps 7 are constituted by identical profiles having the same cross section as the segments 1a. As clearly shown in FIG.
  • the butt straps 7 abut in reverse position and displaced in axial direction of the structure through a distance equal to half of the width of each segment against the abutting end portions of the latter so that the transverse web 7d of each butt strap overlaps the interhooked flanges 1d and 1c of a pair of adjacent segments 1a and so that the interhooked flanges 7d and 7c of a pair of adjacent butt straps overlap the transverse web 1d of one segment.
  • Each of the butt straps is likewise formed midway of its transverse web with a corrugation 7e inwardly offset and the groove of the corrugation has a configuration so that the hook-shaped flange portion 1b of the correspondent segment will fit into the groove of the corrugation 7e, while the corrugation 1e of each segment is formed to receive the corresponding flange portion 7d of the respec tive butt strap as clearly shown in FIG. 3.
  • the abutting joints 6 between the segments 1a following each other in circumferential direction are displaced in circumferential direction with respect to the abutting joints of the segments which are in axial direction of the structure adjacent to the first-mentioned segments through a distance substantially equal to half the length of the segments so that the endwise interhooked butt straps 7 only with half of their total length overlap the butt joints 6, whereas the other half of their total length extends over uninterrupted segments and serves only to reinforce the same.
  • the butt straps 7 may be connected to the segments 1a by nailing by means of bolts 8 which are in situ shot through but-t straps and segments. Of course, the connection may also be made with screws or rivets.
  • sealing strips of rubber or plastic material may be sandwiched between the end edges of the segments and/ or the abutting surfaces of segments and butt straps may be coated before nailing respectively before screwing or riveting the same to each other with an adhesive sealing material.
  • sheet metal members or plates 9 having an edge corresponding to the contour of the channels of the butt straps may be welded at the end edges thereof to the butt straps so as to extend transversely through the channels and thereby forming stiffening members.
  • FIG. 2 only one of these transverse stiffening plates 9 is shown.
  • a lining structure especially a tubular structure for water-tightly lining subterranean passages such as tunnels, mine galleries, mine shafts and the like comprising, in combination, a plurality of substantially identical steel segments of channel-shaped cross section and having along longitudinal edges thereof hook means for sealingl-y engaging the longitudinal edges of one segment with the longitdinal edges of segments adjacent thereto, said segments being arranged in arcuate sections following each other in longitudinal direction of said structure "with end edges of said segments in each section abutting against each other and with the hook means of one section sealingly hooked into the hook means of the section adjacent thereto; and connecting means extending in longitudinal direction of the structure in the interior thereof overlapping said end edges and sealingly connecting said segments at said abutting end edges to each other, said connecting means comprising a plurality of butt straps having overlapping hooked flanges hooked into each other, said butt straps being fixedly connected to said segments and said overlappipng flanges of said butt straps being displaced in longitudinal direction of the
  • each of said segments of channel-shaped cross section has a pair of spaced webs inclined to each other at an opening angle of at least said spaced webs of each segment being integrally connected by a transverse web.
  • each of said butt straps has a cross section substantially identical to said cross section of said segments, and wherein said butt straps abut in reverse position and displaced in axial direction of the structure through a distance substantially equal to half the Width of each segment against said abutting end portions of the latter so that the transverse web of each butt strap overlaps the interhooked hook means of a pair of adjacent segments and so that the interhooked flanges of a pair of adjacent butt straps overlap the transverse web of a segment.
  • a lining structure as defined in claim 3, wherein said hook means of each segment comprises a pair of flanges extending along the longitudinal edges of the segments, one of said flanges is hook-shaped offset along one of the edges to form a groove and the other of said flanges having a bent edge portion so as to form a ledge fitting into the groove of the one flange on the segment adjacent thereto.
  • each of said segments is formed in said transverse web thereof with a corrugation receiving the interhooked flange portions of a pair of butt straps, and each of said butt straps is formed in the transverse web thereof with a corrugation receiving the interhooked flanges of adjacent segments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
US628067A 1966-04-02 1967-04-03 Lining structure for subterranean passages Expired - Lifetime US3438211A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEH0059008 1966-04-02

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US3438211A true US3438211A (en) 1969-04-15

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US628067A Expired - Lifetime US3438211A (en) 1966-04-02 1967-04-03 Lining structure for subterranean passages

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US (1) US3438211A (de)
AT (1) AT290607B (de)
BE (1) BE695745A (de)
CH (1) CH462224A (de)
DE (1) DE1534629B1 (de)
FR (1) FR1514602A (de)
GB (1) GB1179897A (de)
NL (1) NL6704247A (de)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3695044A (en) * 1969-04-12 1972-10-03 Masahiro Hoshino Sealing method of sealed segments of a tunnel
US3707846A (en) * 1968-08-27 1973-01-02 Pont A Mousson Linings or casings for tunnels, galleries, mine pits and the like
US3717965A (en) * 1971-04-16 1973-02-27 Behring Corp Roof sealing of modules
US3783625A (en) * 1971-02-27 1974-01-08 Eisenhutte Heintzmann & Co Lining system for tunnels and like passages
US4075855A (en) * 1975-06-21 1978-02-28 Wayss & Freytag Aktiengesellschaft Tunnel construction and tunnel tubbing
US4722163A (en) * 1985-04-12 1988-02-02 Thornton Philip J Vibration-isolating wall tie
US4786206A (en) * 1987-02-06 1988-11-22 Tekken Construction Co., Ltd. Lining tunnel wall made by shield type tunnel excavator
US5046893A (en) * 1988-12-29 1991-09-10 Arsenio Borgnini Panel with a fretted transversal section, to be mounted longitudinally as a covering for the inside walls of road tunnels
US5102263A (en) * 1987-01-30 1992-04-07 Danby Of North America, Inc. Method of renovating and/or protecting sewers and pipes
US5145281A (en) * 1990-03-29 1992-09-08 Danby Of North America, Inc. Method of renovating and/or protecting sewers or pipes
DE9216780U1 (de) * 1992-12-09 1993-02-11 Linsingen-Heintzmann, Peter Von, Dipl.-Ing., 4630 Bochum, De
US6524722B2 (en) 2001-03-15 2003-02-25 Contech Technologies, Inc. Corrugated structural metal plate
US9617750B1 (en) * 2015-08-28 2017-04-11 H. Joe Meheen Corrugated metal sheets and concrete modular building structure
CN109115530A (zh) * 2018-08-03 2019-01-01 中国矿业大学(北京) 一种隧道衬砌结构应力场透明显示及定量表征的系统

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1658733B1 (de) * 1967-04-26 1970-12-10 Hoesch Ag Bogen- oder Ringausbau fuer die wasserdichte Auskleidung von unterirdischen Strecken
DE2637737B2 (de) * 1976-08-21 1978-06-01 Theodor Wuppermann Gmbh, 5090 Leverkusen Tunnel-Auskleidung aus Stahlelementen für Straßen, U-Bahn-Tunnels u.dgl
DE2805791C2 (de) * 1978-02-11 1980-04-24 Bochumer Eisenhuette Heintzmann Gmbh & Co, 4630 Bochum Nachgiebiger Grubenausbau, insbesondere für untertägige Grubenstrecken
DE3032521C2 (de) * 1980-08-29 1984-09-27 Becker Grubenausbautechnik GmbH, 4720 Beckum Geschlossener Streckenausbau, insbesondere für untertägige Grubenstrecken
GB2226838B (en) * 1989-01-10 1992-08-26 Linsingen Heintzmann Von Underground gallery support

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1397708A (en) * 1920-06-07 1921-11-22 Augustus H Stowell Wall structure
US1923006A (en) * 1930-07-23 1933-08-15 Commercial Shearing Tunnel liner
US1982307A (en) * 1932-02-01 1934-11-27 Truscon Steel Co Tunnel lining
US3097494A (en) * 1958-07-29 1963-07-16 Supporting framework for a mine gallery or shaft

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2181509A (en) * 1938-07-28 1939-11-28 Commercial Shearing Segment for forming tubular structures

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1397708A (en) * 1920-06-07 1921-11-22 Augustus H Stowell Wall structure
US1923006A (en) * 1930-07-23 1933-08-15 Commercial Shearing Tunnel liner
US1982307A (en) * 1932-02-01 1934-11-27 Truscon Steel Co Tunnel lining
US3097494A (en) * 1958-07-29 1963-07-16 Supporting framework for a mine gallery or shaft

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3707846A (en) * 1968-08-27 1973-01-02 Pont A Mousson Linings or casings for tunnels, galleries, mine pits and the like
US3695044A (en) * 1969-04-12 1972-10-03 Masahiro Hoshino Sealing method of sealed segments of a tunnel
US3783625A (en) * 1971-02-27 1974-01-08 Eisenhutte Heintzmann & Co Lining system for tunnels and like passages
US3717965A (en) * 1971-04-16 1973-02-27 Behring Corp Roof sealing of modules
US4075855A (en) * 1975-06-21 1978-02-28 Wayss & Freytag Aktiengesellschaft Tunnel construction and tunnel tubbing
US4722163A (en) * 1985-04-12 1988-02-02 Thornton Philip J Vibration-isolating wall tie
US5102263A (en) * 1987-01-30 1992-04-07 Danby Of North America, Inc. Method of renovating and/or protecting sewers and pipes
US4786206A (en) * 1987-02-06 1988-11-22 Tekken Construction Co., Ltd. Lining tunnel wall made by shield type tunnel excavator
US5046893A (en) * 1988-12-29 1991-09-10 Arsenio Borgnini Panel with a fretted transversal section, to be mounted longitudinally as a covering for the inside walls of road tunnels
US5145281A (en) * 1990-03-29 1992-09-08 Danby Of North America, Inc. Method of renovating and/or protecting sewers or pipes
US5388929A (en) * 1990-03-29 1995-02-14 Danby Of North America Method of renovating and/or protecting sewers or pipes
DE9216780U1 (de) * 1992-12-09 1993-02-11 Linsingen-Heintzmann, Peter Von, Dipl.-Ing., 4630 Bochum, De
US6524722B2 (en) 2001-03-15 2003-02-25 Contech Technologies, Inc. Corrugated structural metal plate
US9617750B1 (en) * 2015-08-28 2017-04-11 H. Joe Meheen Corrugated metal sheets and concrete modular building structure
CN109115530A (zh) * 2018-08-03 2019-01-01 中国矿业大学(北京) 一种隧道衬砌结构应力场透明显示及定量表征的系统
CN109115530B (zh) * 2018-08-03 2020-06-30 中国矿业大学(北京) 一种隧道衬砌结构应力场透明显示及定量表征的系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE695745A (de) 1967-09-20
AT290607B (de) 1971-06-11
GB1179897A (en) 1970-02-04
FR1514602A (fr) 1968-02-23
NL6704247A (de) 1967-10-03
CH462224A (de) 1968-09-15
DE1534629B1 (de) 1970-11-19

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