US3416175A - Bridge assemblies - Google Patents

Bridge assemblies Download PDF

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Publication number
US3416175A
US3416175A US544798A US54479866A US3416175A US 3416175 A US3416175 A US 3416175A US 544798 A US544798 A US 544798A US 54479866 A US54479866 A US 54479866A US 3416175 A US3416175 A US 3416175A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bridge
supports
span
girders
bridging
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US544798A
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English (en)
Inventor
Benjamin M Hutchinson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BENJAMIN M HUTCHINSON
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Benjamin M. Hutchinson
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/04—Bearings; Hinges
    • E01D19/042—Mechanical bearings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D15/00—Movable or portable bridges; Floating bridges
    • E01D15/12—Portable or sectional bridges
    • E01D15/133—Portable or sectional bridges built-up from readily separable standardised sections or elements, e.g. Bailey bridges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/02—Piers; Abutments ; Protecting same against drifting ice
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/04—Bearings; Hinges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2/00—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
    • E01D2101/20—Concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E01D2101/24—Concrete
    • E01D2101/26—Concrete reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
    • E01D2101/30—Metal

Definitions

  • bridging elements carried by supports which can pivot about a substantially horizontal axis and span portions having ends adapted to co-operate with the ends of the bridging elements so that the bridging elements and span portions can be connected together to provide a bridge length, variations in the vertical height of which can be accommodated by varying the vertical height and angular position of the supports about their pivots.
  • the assembly of parts according to the invention can include standard size span portions which can be used with supports of different heights to build up a span of a bridge, the precise vertical curvature of which can be varied according to the requirements of the particular location.
  • the bridge can be dismantled and re-erected some where else using the various parts as required, provided the method of connecting the parts together can be disconnected.
  • the pivoting supports can adapt themselves to different angles by tilting about their pivot points.
  • chamfered surfaces are provided on the ends of the bridging elements and the ends of the span portions, the upper edges of the chamfers on each end of the bridging elements being displaced inwardly in relation to the lower edges, and spacer pieces may be arranged for fitting between the chamfered surfaces of the bridging elements and the span portions which, if required may be wedge shaped or may have parallel sides.
  • At least one of the bridging elements and/ or span portions may be provided with a longitudinally extending side of greater length than the other and con veniently one of the span portions may thus be curved in a horizontal plane.
  • each bridging element and span portion includes a longitudinally extending girder member on which the chamfered ends are formed and in a convenient arrangement each bridging element and span portion includes a pair of transversely spaced girder members.
  • span portions and bridging elements are provided with a number of releasable panels the upper surfaces of which form partof a carriageway operating surface.
  • each support is pivoted to uprights and each support may be in the form of a bifurcated element, the arms of which are displaced from one another at their outer ends, and between which the associated bridging element extends.
  • each bridging element may be carried by a pair of supports which are displaced from one another along the mutual axis about which they pivot and the ends of the supports may be connected to one another at their upper ends by transversely extending portals or, they may be interconnected by cross-bracing.
  • Safety barriers may be included which can be erected along the sides of the bridge and which comprise a longitudinal extending flexible deflector shield which is arranged at an angle to the vertical and which extends transversely from a lower edge adjacent a carriageway carried by the bridge to an upper edge which is outwardly and upwardly displaced therefrom, and the shield may be made from a mesh materia
  • the invention also includes a bridge assembled from the parts set forth above.
  • a bridge as set forth which can be dismantled and re-erected may have a carriageway surface which is made up from a number of releasable panels, each panel having an upper surface which forms part of the carriageway operating surface.
  • a bridge made up from an assemply of parts as set forth above may include a number of bridging elements and span portions, the vertical height of the bridging element supports being arranged so that a carriageway supported by the assembly is of different vertical heights at its ends with relation to a midpoint so that the carriageway constitutes an overpass with respect to another carriageway which passes beneath it.
  • FIGURE 1 is a general side elevation of road bridge according to the invention
  • FIGURES 2, 3 and 4 are side elevations of various applications of the bridge
  • FIGURE 5 is a cross sectional end elevation of a bridge according to the invention.
  • FIGURE 6 shows three alternative arrangements for supporting the span members.
  • FIGURES 7a and 7b are cross the use of a concrete or steel portal
  • FIGURE 8 shows a method of sembly to extend the width of an side.
  • FIGURE 9 is a detail side elevation of various parts according to one construction, in position.
  • FIGURE 10 is a cross sectional end elevation of the parts shown in FIGURE 9,
  • FIGURE 11 is a plan view showing how the elements can be connected together to having a curvature in a horizontal plane
  • FIGURE 12 is a side view of an alternative construction made in reinforced concrete material
  • FIGURE 13 is a cross sectional view of part of the arrangement shown in FIGURE 12.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a bridge built according to the invention which is in the form of an overpass to support a carriageway which is intended to pass over a pair of carriageways and which comprises a number of supports 1 the vertical heightof which increases to a mid-point at the centre of the bridge.
  • the two roads over which the overpass is intended to pass are indicated by the reference numeral 2.
  • the supports 1 are arranged in transversely spaced pairs and are carried on uprights 3 which stand an overpass sectional views showing utilising the bridge asexisting road on a hillbridging form a bridge on suitable bases indicated at 4.
  • Each of the supports 1 are in the form of a bifurcated element, the arms 5 of which are displaced from one another at their outer ends and the lower ends of the support being pivoted at 6 to a foot 7 which is carried by the upright 3. As the uprights 3 are of different vertical heights the height of the supports is varied.
  • Each pair of supports 1 carries a bridging element 8 which extend transversely between them and the longitudinal length of which is slightly greater than the distance across the bifurcated arms 5 of the supports.
  • Each bridging element 8 comprises a pair of transversely spaced I-section girders 9 which are connected tothe outer ends of the bifurcated elements 5 and the ends of which are chamfered so that the upper side of the girder is shorter than the lower side.
  • the upper side of the girder is arranged to support a carriageway in a manner which is to be described in more detail.
  • a span portion 10 is arranged to extend between each pair of supports, this span portion 10 being of a similar construction to the bridging elements 8 and comprising a pair ,of lower transversely spaced girders 11 on which a carriageway is supported.
  • the ends of the girders 11 on the span portions are chamfered in a similar but opposite manner to the ends of the girders 9 the angle being approximately 30 so that when the span portion is lowered into position between the bridging elements the chamfered portions cooperate to initially support it.
  • the distance between the supports is a standard size based on a particular unit length so that the distance between any two supports is known.
  • a standard span portion can be placed in position the length thereof being one or two or three times the standard unit.
  • the bifurcated supports are replaced by smaller supports 12 so that less vertical space is used and the height of the uprights 3 is decreased until the carriage level reaches the road surface 13 from which it is intended to rise.
  • FIGURES 2, 3 and 4 The same parts can be used to build a number of constructions which can act as an overpass and some alternative arrangements are shown in FIGURES 2, 3 and 4.
  • the bridge In each of the cases shown the bridge is used to span a dual carriageway road 2 but it will be appreciated that the assembly can be used for any other purpose for which a bridge is required.
  • FIGURE 5 is a cross section of an arrangement which can be used with any of the above constructions and which utilises three supports in transverse alignment the pivots being similarly aligned and each support carrying a girder 9 to provide a base for a carriageway indicated at 14.
  • FIGURE 7a is a cross section through an assembly according to the invention which may be used with any suitable construction and shows the use of portal bracing.
  • the portal 15a can be made from any suitable material such as reinforced concrete, or steel and is arranged to extend transversely between a pair of support arms 5a.
  • the uprights 3a are tall and the portal 15a is of short vertical height whereas in the arrangement shown in FIGURE 7b the portal 15b has long sides 16b and the bifurcated supports 5b are of longer vertical height, being pivoted at 6b near ground level.
  • the use of such a portal increasing the head room beneath the supported road way but where such head room is not required scissors bracing could be used as shown for example in FIGURE 5.
  • the assembly is used to extend the width of an existing road.
  • a support is only provided at one side of the bridging elements and span portions 10 and again the same refer ence numerals are utilised to indicate the same parts, the reference numeral 2 being used to indicate an existing road and the hill-side being indicated by the reference numeral 17.
  • FIGURES 9 and 10 show a particular construction according to the invention in more detail and once again the same reference numerals are used to indicate the same parts.
  • the construction shown in these figures is made up from fabricated steel and lower ends of the bifurcated arms 5 carry pivot plates 18 through which a pivot pin 19 is passed to pivotally connect each bifurcated arm 5 to its foot 7.
  • the foot 7 is carried on a base plate 20 which is arranged above the column made up of pre-cast concrete blocks 21.
  • the blocks 21 are maintained in position by steel rods 22 which pass through them and which are held down by nuts 23 at their upper ends.
  • the lower ends of the rods 22. are firmly anchored in a base 24 which may be above or below ground level.
  • Diagonal bracing in the form of an angle section girders. are indicated by reference numeral 25 extends between each of the transversely spaced arms of a pair of supports 1 to provide the necessary rigidity but these could of course be replaced by a portal 15 as described with reference to FIGURE 7.
  • the upper end of each of the arms 5 is securely welded to a girder 9 which is of 1- section and between which extend a pair of transverse cross members 26 which are also in the form of I-section girders.
  • These girders are firmly secured to the girders 9 and stools 27 made from girder cuttings are also indicated and the cross members are cut away so that they extend transversely beyond the width between the girders 9, the extension being indicated at 28 on FIGURE 10.
  • a number of longitudinally extending small I-sections girders 29 are firmly secured to the upper edge of the cross girder 26 and a carriageway 14 is carried on these longitudinal girders.
  • the construction of the span portions 10 is similar to the bridging portions 8 and comprises the longitudinal transversely spaced girders 10, an appropriate number of transverse girders 30 which perform a similar function to the transverse girders 26, and longitudinally extending smaller I-section girders 31 which are similar to I-section girders 29 on the bridging portions.
  • Stools 32 similar to stools 27 are also provided and the outer ends of the girders 30 are cut away in a similar manner to those of girders 26.
  • Spacer pieces 33 are provided between the chamfered engagement surfaces 35, 36 on the ends of the girders 9 and 11 so that any difference between them can be accommodated as required.
  • the spacer pieces 33 can therefore be wedge shaped or have parallel sides as shown in FIGURE 9 and they are held in position by face pieces 34 secured to the bridging element and the span portion. Thus, the load is carried partly between the face pieces 34 and the spacer 33 between the chamfers.
  • the carriageway 14 which is laid across the bridge is made up from a number of releasable panels 37, each panel extending approximately half way across the carriageway and, in the arrangement shown in FIGURES 9 and being of such a length that each bridging portion carries two such panels.
  • Each panel comprises a layer of wooden batterns 38 which are suitably connected to each other to provide a surface which is covered with asphalt indicated at 39.
  • Each panel 37 is laid in position on the carrier I-section girders 29 and the centre carrier 29 carries a series of up-standing bolts 40.
  • Similar bolts 41 are provided at prepared distances which correspond to the length of the panels along the outer carrier girder 29, so that the outer edges of each panel can be clamped down.
  • the panels can be quickly positioned by placing them between the bolts and when all the panels are in position, retaining clamping members in the form of metal strips 42 are laid over the bolts, suitable holes being provided so that the clamping metal strips can be locked into position by nuts.
  • the longitudinal ends of the panels abut each other and are sealed by tarred sisal sea-ls.
  • each panel is stepped, as shown in 43 so that the bolts 41, 42 are below the general surface of the carriageway 14 and a space is provided above the sisal seal, the grooves thus provided between the sides of the panels when in position can be filled with asphalt if desired and rubberised bitumen can be laid in the transverse grooves above the sisal muffs being provided over the nuts. If the bridge is to be dismantled, the asphalt and nut mufis can be removed and the nuts undone so that the complete carriageway can be easily removed.
  • a wooden curve 44 is provided at the outer edge of the carriageway and is spaced from a series of crash barrier supports 45 by means of a channel section spacer 46.
  • Each of the crash barrier supports is rigidly connected to the outer end of the girder 26 and the upper ends of the supports 45 are interconnected by means of a guard rail 47, an intermediately longitudinally extending guard rail 47a also being provided.
  • a safety barrier in the form of a longitudinally extending flexible deflector shield i".
  • a shield of plastic coated galvanised mesh 48 which is arranged at an angle to the vertical and which extends transversely from a lower edge 49 which is connected to the curb 44 and is adjacent the carriageway to an upper edge 50 which is outwardly and upwardly displaced therefrom and which is connected to a point adjacent the other guide rail 47.
  • the space beneath the channel section spacer 46 and curb 44 can be used to carry electrical services, and in the arrangement shown in FIGURE 10 a drain 51 is also provided for the carriageway 14.
  • the supports 3 are made frontreinforced concrete and the bifurcated arms 5 are cast into the portion which constitutes the longitudinally extending girder 9.
  • the pivot is made from a pair of interengaging curved faces 52, 53 provided at the base of the arms 5 and the upper end of the upright 3.
  • the cross girders 26 are also made from reinforced concrete material and extensions 28 are also provided.
  • the carriageway may be formed as a deck of precast or in situ reinforced concrete. The latter would have some technical advantages, because a deck of this type would be lighter than a precast one.
  • junctions between the girders 9 and 10 can also be made in situ by the use of a trough shaped removable steel form, indicated in broken lines at 54 which also forms the erection support.
  • a trough shaped removable steel form indicated in broken lines at 54 which also forms the erection support.
  • changes in horizontal direction of the carriageway would take place at these points, the shape of the removable steel form being altered appropriately. It will be appreciated that appropriate steel reinforcing will be provided at the joint.
  • curves in a horizontal direction in the steel arrangement described with reference to FIGURES 9 and 10 would be achieved by forming the girders 10 of only very short length and curving them appropriately.
  • the actual lengths of the girders 10 in a particular length could be arranged so that one was shorter than the other, thus providing the necessary shorting to curve the carriageway in a horizontal plane or the length of the girders 9 on the bridging elements could be arranged in a similar manner.
  • :ross bracing can be arranged between uprights 3, as is shown at 55 in FIGURE 1.
  • the .bridge assembly described above can be used in a number of different ways and if necessary could be used to support a railway, road, or a conveyor or for any other particular requirement.
  • a bridge comprising a plurality of longitudinally adjacent bridging elements, each of said bridging elements including a rigid generally horizontally extending portion constituting a part of the bridge length, a support beneath each bridging element and between opposite terminal ends thereof, an upright beneath each support, pivot means connecting each support to its upright at a point between the terminal ends of its associated bridging element for pivoting each bridging element about a horizontal axis generally transverse to the bridge length, said pivot means being the sole articulatable connection between said supports and said uprights, rigid span portions extending between longitudinally adjacent pairs of said bridging elements, and means connecting together the rigid span portions and the bridging elements.
  • each support includes a bifurcated element the arms of which are joined to an associated one of said horizontally extending portions.
  • each support includes a bifurcated element the arms of which are joined to an associated one of said horizontally extending portions, and the arms of said bifurcated elements are joined to said last-mentioned horizontally extending portion inboard of the terminal ends thereof.
  • each support includes a bifurcated element the arms of which are joined to an associated one of said horizontally extending portions.
  • each support includes a bifurcated element the arms of which are joined to an associated one of said horizontally extending portions, and the arms of said bifurcated elements are joined to said last-mentioned horizontally extending portion inboard of the terminal ends thereof.
  • each support includes a bifurcated element the arms of which are joined to an associated one of said horizontally extending portions, and the arms of said bifurcated elements are joined to said last-mentioned horizontally extending portion inboard of the terminal ends thereof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
US544798A 1965-04-28 1966-04-25 Bridge assemblies Expired - Lifetime US3416175A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB17961/65A GB1119981A (en) 1965-04-28 1965-04-28 Bridge assemblies

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US3416175A true US3416175A (en) 1968-12-17

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US544798A Expired - Lifetime US3416175A (en) 1965-04-28 1966-04-25 Bridge assemblies

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US (1) US3416175A (es)
AT (1) AT280335B (es)
CH (1) CH439370A (es)
DE (1) DE1286529B (es)
ES (1) ES326056A1 (es)
GB (1) GB1119981A (es)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3662656A (en) * 1969-06-11 1972-05-16 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Multi-section bridge supporting structure of steel or reinforced concrete having supports centrally of the cross-section of the structure
WO1980002166A1 (en) * 1979-04-03 1980-10-16 P Wesseltoft Prefabricated footway
CN101570955B (zh) * 2009-04-14 2011-10-05 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 刚构-连续桥墩构造
CN102635061A (zh) * 2012-04-18 2012-08-15 中建二局第三建筑工程有限公司 山涧跨河斜拉链栈桥及其吊装方法

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH541671A (de) * 1970-10-20 1973-09-15 Westerschelde Comb Brücke
IT1121450B (it) * 1979-06-20 1986-04-02 Saipem Spa Metodo perfezionato per la posa di una condotta subacquea in scavalcamento di altra condotta gia'posata e relativi dispositivi
RU2446244C2 (ru) * 2010-04-06 2012-03-27 Военная Академия Тыла И Транспорта Имени Генерала Армии А.В. Хрулева Инвентарный низководный мост на винтовых сваях
RU2758302C1 (ru) * 2021-02-04 2021-10-28 Федеральное государственное казённое военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Военная академия материально-технического обеспечения имени генерала армии А.В. Хрулева" Министерства обороны Российской Федерации Сборно-разборный железнодорожный мост

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1970979A (en) * 1930-04-09 1934-08-21 John F Robb Unit system grade separation structure
US2079095A (en) * 1934-06-15 1937-05-04 Wichert Continuous Bridge Corp Bridge construction
US2192269A (en) * 1939-03-06 1940-03-05 Maddock Thomas Structure
US2306311A (en) * 1941-04-12 1942-12-22 John G Holland Bridge construction
US2355473A (en) * 1943-05-19 1944-08-08 John O Savage Military vehicle and bridge
US2367291A (en) * 1941-09-22 1945-01-16 Letourneau Inc Portable bridge
US2687225A (en) * 1951-09-14 1954-08-24 William E Martin Mobile trailer bridge

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB918619A (es) * 1959-06-20 1900-01-01
DE1131716B (de) * 1960-08-04 1962-06-20 Alweg Ges Mit Beschraenkter Ha Stuetze fuer Standhochbahnen mit balkenfoermigem Tragkoerper, insbesondere fuer Einschienenbahnen

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1970979A (en) * 1930-04-09 1934-08-21 John F Robb Unit system grade separation structure
US2079095A (en) * 1934-06-15 1937-05-04 Wichert Continuous Bridge Corp Bridge construction
US2192269A (en) * 1939-03-06 1940-03-05 Maddock Thomas Structure
US2306311A (en) * 1941-04-12 1942-12-22 John G Holland Bridge construction
US2367291A (en) * 1941-09-22 1945-01-16 Letourneau Inc Portable bridge
US2355473A (en) * 1943-05-19 1944-08-08 John O Savage Military vehicle and bridge
US2687225A (en) * 1951-09-14 1954-08-24 William E Martin Mobile trailer bridge

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3662656A (en) * 1969-06-11 1972-05-16 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Multi-section bridge supporting structure of steel or reinforced concrete having supports centrally of the cross-section of the structure
WO1980002166A1 (en) * 1979-04-03 1980-10-16 P Wesseltoft Prefabricated footway
CN101570955B (zh) * 2009-04-14 2011-10-05 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 刚构-连续桥墩构造
CN102635061A (zh) * 2012-04-18 2012-08-15 中建二局第三建筑工程有限公司 山涧跨河斜拉链栈桥及其吊装方法
CN102635061B (zh) * 2012-04-18 2014-05-07 中建二局第三建筑工程有限公司 山涧跨河斜拉链栈桥及其吊装方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT280335B (de) 1970-04-10
DE1286529B (de) 1969-01-09
ES326056A1 (es) 1967-03-01
GB1119981A (en) 1968-07-17
CH439370A (fr) 1967-07-15

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