US3370520A - Ventilating device - Google Patents

Ventilating device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3370520A
US3370520A US545645A US54564566A US3370520A US 3370520 A US3370520 A US 3370520A US 545645 A US545645 A US 545645A US 54564566 A US54564566 A US 54564566A US 3370520 A US3370520 A US 3370520A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
enclosure
cavities
ventilating
flow
fluid
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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US545645A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hans A Mauch
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US545645A priority Critical patent/US3370520A/en
Priority to DE19671654311 priority patent/DE1654311A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3370520A publication Critical patent/US3370520A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56—Heating or ventilating devices
    • B60N2/5607—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection
    • B60N2/5621—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air
    • B60N2/5635—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air coming from the passenger compartment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C31/00—Details or accessories for chairs, beds, or the like, not provided for in other groups of this subclass, e.g. upholstery fasteners, mattress protectors, stretching devices for mattress nets
    • A47C31/10—Loose or removable furniture covers
    • A47C31/11—Loose or removable furniture covers for chairs
    • A47C31/116—Loose or removable furniture covers for chairs permeable to liquid or air in a special way
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/02—Seat parts
    • A47C7/021—Detachable or loose seat cushions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/36—Support for the head or the back
    • A47C7/40—Support for the head or the back for the back
    • A47C7/42—Support for the head or the back for the back of detachable or loose type
    • A47C7/425—Supplementary back-rests to be positioned on a back-rest or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/62—Accessories for chairs
    • A47C7/72—Adaptations for incorporating lamps, radio sets, bars, telephones, ventilation, heating or cooling arrangements or the like
    • A47C7/74—Adaptations for incorporating lamps, radio sets, bars, telephones, ventilation, heating or cooling arrangements or the like for ventilation, heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56—Heating or ventilating devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24628—Nonplanar uniform thickness material
    • Y10T428/24661—Forming, or cooperating to form cells

Definitions

  • the present invention provides embodiments which, among other features, include distinguishing physical characteristics, combining maximum ventilating effect with minimum power requirements and combining a generally high resistance to compression under load with a versatile flexibility. As will become obvious from the following, this is highly advantageous for personal ventilating devices.
  • the need for efliciency and low power consumption is most evident, for example, where the invention is embodied in an article of clothing to be worn ambulantly or where the ventilating device is embodied in a cushion or seat of a vehicle such as an automobile as will be here described.
  • the load on the battery or generator or other ambulant source of power for delivering a ventilating fluid must be kept as low as possible.
  • the present invention provides means for minimizing the pressure losses within the fluid distribution system connecting the fluid source, such as a blower, with the inlets of the jet holes. In addition, it provides means for minimizing the pressure losses within the fluid escape system connecting the exits of the jet holes with the outside atmosphere.
  • the present invention provides structural means stiff enough to maintain wide fluid passages and consequently low fluid resistances in such a case.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved device for heating or cooling the surface of an animate or inanimate object which device functions at a high level of effectiveness and requires a minimal expenditure of power.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an improved sandwich-like ventilating cover structure for distributing a ventilating fluid such as air in such a way that the air issues therefrom in high speed free jets to impinge on an adjacent body in a manner to produce a high heat transfer between the air and the body.
  • a ventilating fluid such as air
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a novelly improved device for heating or cooling the surface of an animate or inanimate object which device includes an efficient distribution system having minimal resistance to the flow therethrough of a ventilating fluid to be discharged in free jets and an eflicient fluid escape system having mini mal resistance to the fluid flow from the jets to the environmental atmosphere.
  • a further important object of the invention is to provide a sandwich-like ventilating cover structure stiff enough to retain low resistance to fluid flow under compression loads
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a device for ventilating the body of an animate or inanimate object possessing the advantageous structural features, the inherent meritorious characteristics and the means and mode of use herein described.
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary showing of a sandwich-like cover structure as contemplated in a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view schematically illustrating the internal flow path as provided by the structure of FIG. 1 in one sense;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view schematically illustrating the internal flow path as provided by the structure of FIG. 1 in another sense;
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show modifications of the structure illustrated in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective generally diagrammatic view illustrating an application of the invention to a car seat.
  • the invention embodiment here illustrated has a sandwich-like configuration. It is formed of two layers 10 and 11, each layer being made of a relatively elastic material, preferably plastic.
  • the layer 10 will be designated the upper layer, which is to be placed adjacent the body of the person or object to be heated or cooled by a ventilating medium.
  • the layer 11 will be referred to as the lower layer, being positioned outermost from the body or object.
  • FIGS. 1, 4, and 5 the upper layer is shown in solid lines and the lower layer indotted lines.
  • the layers 10, and 11 are peripherally joined to form a sandwich-like enclosure 12.
  • the enclosure 12 is diagrammatically shown in the application of FIG. 6 to have a peripheral-opening defined, in this case, by an adapter 13.
  • the adapter 13 may have a variety of forms or locations the details of which represent no significant part of this invention and are therefore not here described.
  • the enclosure 12 may be coupled to a conduit leading from a conventional unit delivering a flow of ventilating fluid, such as air, under pressure.
  • a flow of ventilating fluid such as air
  • the temperature of the air will depend on the application.
  • the nature of the delivery unit will be such to suit the ventilating medium and may be readily determined by one versed in the art.
  • this unit may be a conventional blower 15.
  • each of the layers 10 and 11 is so formed as to produce therein, at spaced intervals, hollow elevations 16 which project in a sense outwardly of the enclosure 12 from a base plane defined by the base portion 17 of each layer.
  • the hollow elevations 16 form cavities 13 which open inwardly of the enclosure 12.
  • the elevations 16 are preferably dome-shaped to have the physical characteristic of being slightly resilient but still highly resistant to compression and to serve a utilitarian purpose to be further described.
  • each of the layers 10 and 11 will have a high flexing capability in several directions. In forming the enclosure 12 this inherent flexing capability is retained by having the base portions 17, defining the 'base planes of each layer 10 and 11, placed close together in an immediate facing relationship. 7 i
  • each cavity 18 in one layer will generally communicate with a plurality of the cavities formed in the other layer as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the intercommunicating cavities 18 provide a distribution system for the ventilating fluid which otters minimal resistance to flow throughout the enclosure 12.
  • the resulting structure provides also excellent compression resistance under load, throughout the entire enclosure 12.
  • the hollow elevations 16 have a high but elastic form stability typical for shelllike structures.
  • the base portions 17 of the layers 10 and 11 facing each other produce a high number of mutual contact areas 21 through which compression forces can be transmitted through both layers 10 and 11 of the sandwich-like structure without exceeding local compression strength.
  • the layers It) and 11 are joined together at the aforementioned mutual contact areas 21. While not essential in all cases the joining may be effected at some or all contact areas 21 to keep the layers 10 and 11 from being blown apart by an inside fluid pressure such as may be required in certain applications.
  • the upper layer 10 is distinguished by having jet openings 23 in the root portion 20 of its network of valleys at those locations where the lower layer 11 has a facing cavity 18. This placement of the jet openings 23 contributes toward achieving a low resistance air distribution system between the air source provided in FIG. 6 by the conventional means 15 and the jet holes 23. On adding to this the high compression resistance of the enclosure 12 under load one must recognize that in use of the embodiments air will exit from the enclosure to the valleys 19 of the upper layer in jets which can develop freely'in presence of an abutted object.
  • the resistance to compression under load establishes that upon air or other ventilating medium being transmitted from the device 15 through adapter 13, the .air will move into and through the enclosure and through intercommunicating cavities 18 relatively freely. There is accordingly a minimal resistance to flow and thereby a minimal pressure requirement in delivery of the ventilating medium.
  • the pressure is concentrated at the jet openings 23 providing that air will issue in high velocity jets into the network of valleys 19 being defined between the hexagonally formed elevations 16 of the upper layer 10 e which is placed immediately adjacent the body being ventilated.
  • the resistance to compression keeps the valleys open and enables the jets to develop freely within the valleys and to impact on the body of the person seated I on the enclosure at a sustained high velocity. This inipact produces an optimal turbulence in the vicinity of the skin as the jets penetrate the clothing of the seated person.
  • The'holes 22 are particularly essential in cases where the ventilating cover structure is made into a garment or envelope enclosing a body or object completely'with the layer 10 containing the jet holes 23 facing the body or object. In such a case the holes 22 constitute the only escape route for the spent ventilating medium. Of course there may be some applications where holes 22 are not required. Nevertheless they do enable an optimal result of the nature described. 7
  • FIGS. 1-3 in the device of FIG. 6, it provides an enclosure 12 accommodating, in abutment with its layer 10, both the seat and back of an individual.
  • both the layers 10 and 11 have a central transverse portion 24 devoid of formed projections 16.
  • the adapter 13 is inserted in acentral opening in one'side of the enclosure and at one end of the transverse portions 24. From this one end to the other the portions 24 are formed to produce a tapered manifold 25 to either side of which open the cavities 18 of both layers 10 and 11.
  • air for example, is delivered in a pressured flow through adapter 13 to the manifold 25 it rapidly disseminates through the enclosure by way of the cavities 18 with negligible resistance to flow and it thereafter exits rapidly and freely by way of the jet openings 23 to function as previously described.
  • transverse portions 24 of the layers 10 and 11 also facilitate a bend between the back and seat portions of the enclosure with negligible interference with the free flow of air to and from the manifold 25.
  • FIG. 6 of the drawings also shows a highly advantageous arrangement of the blower to have its delivery chute immediately connected to the transverse portion 24 at the center of the enclosure 12 Where the back and seat portions of the enclosure hinge and where a wider transverse portion is needed anyway to facilitate bending without flow restriction.
  • the invention provides a uniquely improved ventilating structure which is especially suited for purposes Where effective ventilation is required at a substantial saving of energy in transmitting ventilating fluid from the source such as a blower to the jet holes which direct the fluid at a body and from the jet holes to the environmental atmosphere which surrounds the body, and where high compression resistance under load is to be provided without sacrificing flexibility.
  • a structure for applying a ventilating medium to a body or object including a distribution system for the ventilating medium wherein there is minimum resistance to flow to the object to be ventilated and from the object to its environmental atmosphere.
  • a sandwich-like enclosure formed to transmit ventilating fluid in a manner that the fluid can discharge freely in high velocity jets prior to coming in contact with a person or object to be ventilated.
  • a device to be embodied in seats, clothing and the like which achieves comfort for the user in contact pressure areas while enabling a reliable heating or cooling effect being produced on the users skin surface in these areas.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 of the drawings reveal further embodiments of the invention, like parts being identified by like numerals.
  • the structure of the enclosure is the same as that of FIG. 1, however, the hollow elevations 16' have a generally rectangular configuration.
  • jet openings 23 are provided in the upper layer 10 and referenced to underlying cavities formed in the lower layer 11'.
  • the layers need not be joined except in a peripheral sense and there are no holes 22. It is contemplated that embodiments such as this may be desirable for some applications where the fluid pressure inside the enclosure is low and where the use of the additional escape route for the spent ventilating fluid is not required.
  • the structure 6 of FIG. 5 is similar to that of FIG. 4, but FIG. 5 shows that the hollow elevations 16" may have a triangular form.
  • the hollow elevations 16 of the layers have the contour of regular polygons. It should be recognized that the forms of the elevations as indicated are not to be construed as limiting. However they do facilitate an optimal versatility of flexing of the various contemplated embodiments of the invention. In applications where flexibility is less essential, the hollow elevations may be given irregular contours if this is desirable for any reason.
  • the hollow elevations 16 be arranged in an absolutely uniform pattern on the layers of the enclosure 12 in all cases; It is a requirement that the arrangement of the elevations be sufliciently systematic as to permit, when superposing the two layers with their base portions 17 facing each other, that the cavities defined by the hollow elevations be sufficiently out of registry with each other to enable the continuous flow of the ventilating medium through the space between the two layers with a minimal flow resistance as described.
  • FIG. 6 While the invention embodiment has been described in reference to use as a sitting pad as shown in FIG. 6, it obviously could be readily integrated in a seat Structure, used as an insert in a bed or incorporated in clothing in which cases a layer of fabric or other material may be interposed between the body and the adjacent layer 10. Such a material would have to be sufliciently porous to permit the ready flow therethrough of the ventilating medium in the manner as described.
  • a layer of pourous material may also be attached to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 extending over the top of the elevations 16 of layer 10 in order to enhance the appearance or increase sitting comfort.
  • the means for introducing the ventilating medium is here shown in a limited diagrammatic form. It is of course contemplated that there could be a plurality of such means. Moreover the delivery adapter connection or connections can assume a great variety of forms and extend along any portion or all of the periphery of the enclosure 12, depending upon the application.
  • the size of the elevations from the layers as described and the related thickness of the basic sheet material of which the layers are fabricated may cover a wide range.
  • the material thickness of the plastic layers might approximate of an inch while the hollow elevations would be from /2 to 1 inch in diameter.
  • the diameter of the projected portions may go down to inch or even less, there being a corresponding reduction in material thickness.
  • each layer can be manufactured separately by vacuum forming or calendering whereupon the layers may be joined around the edges by any one of a variety of means to form an enclosure. It is further contemplated that the sandwichlike structure can also be manufactured to form the layers 10 and 11 as an integral unit by empolying blow molding.
  • the devices thereof may be manufactured at low cost and have the characteristics of sturdiness, ease of maintenance and long and useful life.
  • a device for use in ventilating an animate or inanimate object comprising an enclosure of sandwich-like configuration, said enclosure being fabricated of an elastic ,material providing opposite sides and having both said opposite sides formed to produce therein spaced hollow elevations projected outwardly of said enclosure to define compression resistant means, said spaced hollow elevations providing cavities opening inwardly of said enclosure, the cavities in one side being in laterally displaced relation to the cavities in the other side of said enclosure to produce thereby an intercommunication of said cavities, jet openings in one side of said enclosure being placed to commuicate with said cavities formed in the other side of said enclosure to produce thereby a minimal resistance to flow within said enclosure, said enclosure having an inlet in communication with a portion of said cavities for introducing thereto a pressured flow of air or other ventilating fluid to flow to and through said enclosure by way of said cavities for discharge through said jet openings.
  • lhollow elevations have' the shape of 'uniform polygons which define therebetween linfesof fleirure irrespective of the basic compression resistant nature of said'enclosure, said linesof flexure generally coinciding vwith said continuous interconnected valleys.
  • A, device as in claim 5 characterized by said joined mutual contact areas having formed therein openings which go through both said opposite sides of said enclosure and interconnect the valleys in the outer surfaces of said opposite sides.
  • a device as set forth in claim 1 characterized by being formed to provide a seat pad, a back pad, hinge means connecting said seat pad and back pad, and an intermediately positioned manifold means opening to said cavities within said'enclosure for delivery therethrough of said pressured flow ofair, said manifold means being included in said hinge means accommodating a bend between said seat and back pads.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
US545645A 1966-04-27 1966-04-27 Ventilating device Expired - Lifetime US3370520A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US545645A US3370520A (en) 1966-04-27 1966-04-27 Ventilating device
DE19671654311 DE1654311A1 (de) 1966-04-27 1967-04-27 Ventiliervorrichtung

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US545645A US3370520A (en) 1966-04-27 1966-04-27 Ventilating device

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US3370520A true US3370520A (en) 1968-02-27

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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4002108A (en) * 1974-08-19 1977-01-11 Mordeki Drori Ventilated back-seat rest particularly for automotive vehicles
US4087302A (en) * 1975-07-23 1978-05-02 Wootten William A Method for forming a structural panel
US4488929A (en) * 1982-07-21 1984-12-18 Akzona Incorporated Apparatus for the production of a continuous composite material
US4712832A (en) * 1985-06-24 1987-12-15 Adriano Antolini Cover, particularly for vehicle seats
EP0280213A1 (de) * 1987-02-23 1988-08-31 METZELER Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Kissen, insbesondere für Sitze in Kraftfahrzeugen
BE1010629A4 (nl) * 1996-09-18 1998-11-03 Willems Marc Louis Celina Temperatuurbeinvloeding, luchtvochtigheidskontrole en massagesysteem.
US5921858A (en) * 1996-10-07 1999-07-13 Jc Associates Co., Ltd. Ventilator for use with vehicle seat
US20060113360A1 (en) * 2004-12-01 2006-06-01 Cantar/Polyair Inc. Protective envelope with triangular bubble cushioning material
EP1931233A2 (de) * 2005-09-13 2008-06-18 Steve Feher Konvektivkissen mit heizmodus mit positivem widerstandskoeffizient
US20110111249A1 (en) * 2008-07-17 2011-05-12 Fukai Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Plate-like body
US20150290050A1 (en) * 2012-11-30 2015-10-15 Zuiko Corporation Composite Sheet Material, Disposable Wearing Article Using the Same, and Production Method and Production Apparatus for Composite Sheet Material
US10654424B2 (en) * 2017-10-24 2020-05-19 Hyundai Motor Company Composite panel for sound absorption and sound insulation
US20210162899A1 (en) * 2017-10-27 2021-06-03 Gentherm Gmbh Surface temperature-controlling device
US11396249B2 (en) * 2017-05-31 2022-07-26 Kurabe Industrial Co., Ltd. Ventilation mat
USD1003080S1 (en) * 2022-09-13 2023-10-31 Wylie Dee Webb Seat cushion

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2641956B1 (fr) * 1989-01-20 1994-06-03 Guillotin Jean Pierre Revetement ventile pour siege de vehicule
DE4228163A1 (de) * 1992-08-25 1994-03-03 Baumann Sabine Auflage
ZA943085B (en) * 1994-05-04 1995-01-13 Hwu Chyn Herng Forced flow-guding device having perforated mesh surface branch guiding tubes
WO2000018606A1 (en) * 1998-09-30 2000-04-06 Ygg Pty Limited Seat ventilation device

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2657396A (en) * 1951-03-09 1953-11-03 Arnold M Klein Air ventilated suit
US2791168A (en) * 1954-07-01 1957-05-07 Hans A Mauch Ventilating cover
US2791956A (en) * 1953-12-24 1957-05-14 Maurice C Guest Ventilated automobile seat pad
US2897741A (en) * 1957-03-19 1959-08-04 Hans A Mauch Ventilator cover
US2942858A (en) * 1958-04-21 1960-06-28 American Air Filter Co Heat exchange apparatus
US3032772A (en) * 1960-08-02 1962-05-08 Raymond L Fonash Protective garment for astronauts employing sublimating salts

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2657396A (en) * 1951-03-09 1953-11-03 Arnold M Klein Air ventilated suit
US2791956A (en) * 1953-12-24 1957-05-14 Maurice C Guest Ventilated automobile seat pad
US2791168A (en) * 1954-07-01 1957-05-07 Hans A Mauch Ventilating cover
US2897741A (en) * 1957-03-19 1959-08-04 Hans A Mauch Ventilator cover
US2942858A (en) * 1958-04-21 1960-06-28 American Air Filter Co Heat exchange apparatus
US3032772A (en) * 1960-08-02 1962-05-08 Raymond L Fonash Protective garment for astronauts employing sublimating salts

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4002108A (en) * 1974-08-19 1977-01-11 Mordeki Drori Ventilated back-seat rest particularly for automotive vehicles
US4087302A (en) * 1975-07-23 1978-05-02 Wootten William A Method for forming a structural panel
US4488929A (en) * 1982-07-21 1984-12-18 Akzona Incorporated Apparatus for the production of a continuous composite material
US4712832A (en) * 1985-06-24 1987-12-15 Adriano Antolini Cover, particularly for vehicle seats
EP0280213A1 (de) * 1987-02-23 1988-08-31 METZELER Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Kissen, insbesondere für Sitze in Kraftfahrzeugen
BE1010629A4 (nl) * 1996-09-18 1998-11-03 Willems Marc Louis Celina Temperatuurbeinvloeding, luchtvochtigheidskontrole en massagesysteem.
US5921858A (en) * 1996-10-07 1999-07-13 Jc Associates Co., Ltd. Ventilator for use with vehicle seat
US20060113360A1 (en) * 2004-12-01 2006-06-01 Cantar/Polyair Inc. Protective envelope with triangular bubble cushioning material
EP1931233A2 (de) * 2005-09-13 2008-06-18 Steve Feher Konvektivkissen mit heizmodus mit positivem widerstandskoeffizient
EP1931233A4 (de) * 2005-09-13 2011-08-10 Steve Feher Konvektivkissen mit heizmodus mit positivem widerstandskoeffizient
US20110111249A1 (en) * 2008-07-17 2011-05-12 Fukai Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Plate-like body
US8557395B2 (en) * 2008-07-17 2013-10-15 Fukai Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Heat insulator
US20150290050A1 (en) * 2012-11-30 2015-10-15 Zuiko Corporation Composite Sheet Material, Disposable Wearing Article Using the Same, and Production Method and Production Apparatus for Composite Sheet Material
US10632028B2 (en) * 2012-11-30 2020-04-28 Zuiko Corporation Composite sheet material, disposable wearing article using the same, and production method and production apparatus for composite sheet material
US11396249B2 (en) * 2017-05-31 2022-07-26 Kurabe Industrial Co., Ltd. Ventilation mat
US10654424B2 (en) * 2017-10-24 2020-05-19 Hyundai Motor Company Composite panel for sound absorption and sound insulation
US20210162899A1 (en) * 2017-10-27 2021-06-03 Gentherm Gmbh Surface temperature-controlling device
US11707909B2 (en) * 2017-10-27 2023-07-25 Gentherm Gmbh Surface temperature-controlling device
USD1003080S1 (en) * 2022-09-13 2023-10-31 Wylie Dee Webb Seat cushion

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Publication number Publication date
DE1654311A1 (de) 1971-02-18

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