US3317340A - Preparation of metal surfaces for enameling - Google Patents

Preparation of metal surfaces for enameling Download PDF

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Publication number
US3317340A
US3317340A US339338A US33933864A US3317340A US 3317340 A US3317340 A US 3317340A US 339338 A US339338 A US 339338A US 33933864 A US33933864 A US 33933864A US 3317340 A US3317340 A US 3317340A
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United States
Prior art keywords
acid
percent
sheets
solution
minutes
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Expired - Lifetime
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US339338A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ziehr Georg
Drosdziok Hermann
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D3/00—Chemical treatment of the metal surfaces prior to coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
    • C23G1/08—Iron or steel
    • C23G1/088—Iron or steel solutions containing organic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
    • C23G1/19—Iron or steel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the preparation of metal sheets for the application of vitreous enamels. More particularly, it relates to an etching treatment with polyhydroxycarboxylic acids or their salts, respectively, yielding silverwhite metal surfaces,
  • This process provides for an etching of the metal surfaces and a prior treatment with solutions containing polyhydroxy-carboxylic acids, preferably containing at least 3-hydroxyl groups in their molecules, or with acids having the generic Formulae 1 or 2, respectively.
  • the metal sheets are passivated in the conventional manner with alkaline solutions.
  • the hydroxyor amino-diphosp'honic acids according to Formula 1 can 'be produced either by the reaction of mon-ocarboxylic acid anhydrides and/or chlorides with phosphorous acid or else according to the process disclosed in German Patent 1,002,355.
  • the hydrocarbon radical R may be an alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an aromatic radical.
  • the bydroxyor amino-tetraphosphonic acids of Formula 2 can be produced in a similar manner, whereby, however, in lieu of the monocarvboxylic anhydrides or chlorides, the corresponding dicarboxylic acid derivatives are used, or in the case of aminotetraphosphonic acids, organic dinitriles, opportunely approximately 4 mols phosphorus trihalide per mol dinitrile.
  • Polyhydr-oxycarboxylic acids applicable to the process according to the invention are compounds having th formulae CH OH (CHOH 3 -COOH CH OH(CHOH) COOH, COOH(CHOH) 3 COOH and COOH(CHOHMCOOH Particularly readily available and especially suited for the process are gluconic acid, saccharic acid and glucosacc'haric acid.
  • water-soluble salts can be employed, e.'g., the sodium-, potassiumor ammonium salts, and also ethanolamine salts.
  • the latter are obtained by a partial or total neutralization of the acids.
  • solutions are used whose concentrations lie between 0.1 and 10 percent by weight, and preferably 1 to 5 percent and the treatment generally is carried out at temperatures ranging from 5 to 90 C. It technologically is of advantage that this pretreatrnent can be carried out preferably at low temperatures, i.e., at a range of 5-40 C., and especially at room temperature.
  • the treatment in the bath can be carried out for a period of 1 to 15, preferably 3 to 5 minutes.
  • Passivation of the metal surfaces is effected in a conventional manner.
  • passivation baths of alkaline solutions which contain alkalihydroxides, soda, phosphates, boraX and nitrites, singly or in mixture.
  • Passivation generally is carried out at 50 to 100 0, preferably at to C.
  • the concentration of the passivating baths is 0.3 to 3 percent by weight,- preferably 0.5 to 1.5 percent.
  • a special embodiment of the process according to the invention consists in effecting the etching not with hydrochloric, sulfuric or phosphoric acid, if desired, in the presence of inhibitors, as is customary, but instead with the acids of the Formulae 1 or 2 named above. These acids are applied in concentrations of 2 to 20 percent by weight at 40 to 90 C. and a period of 3 to 15 minutes. When these acids are used, etching and the pretreatment prior to enameling can be carried out in a single step.
  • an intermediate treatment after etching with solutions of metal salts whose metal ions are more noble than the metal sheet to be enameled. If iron and steel are to be enameled, solutions are applicable containing nickel, cobaltor copper salts.
  • concentration of the solu tions range from 0.5 to 3 percent by weight.
  • This intermediate treatment generally is carried out at tempera tures ranging from 5 to 90 C. preferably 50 to 70 C.
  • the treatment in the intermediary bath can be carried out for a period of 3 to 15 minutes.
  • Example 4 fi 33 3 2 f g if f gfifi g: Well degreased iron sheets were etched in a 10 percent 3 g g"; f :3 i In 1 w S of illus HCl solution containing 6 percent ferrochloride, rinsed i s; not of eitation g s; i g g Chan 8 with water, and then immersed for approximately 5 minma made fi detail with ut awn fro a; utes in a 2 percent by weight aqueous solution of 50 s iryit 3 g f "i r weight parts aminopropane-l,l-diphosphonic acid and 50 cfaimed pe e 1 10 as B em I weight parts hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid at ap- Exam 1e 1 proximately C.
  • Silverwhite sheets thus were obtamed which then were passivated without intermediary Well degreased steel sheets were etched in a 10 percent 2 rinsing at 80-90 C. in a solution as named in Example by weight sulfuric acid solution containing 50 g./l. iron, 0 1.
  • the silverwhite sheets had no more iron compounds at a bath temperature of 60 C., 'by immersion for 5 minon their surfaces and exhibited no flaws when enameled. utes, and then rinsed in water. Thereafter, the sheets N i i ti f i h d id could be observed were immersed for 4 minutes in a 2 percent by weight aqued i passivation.
  • ous solution of equal Weight parts gluconic acid and hy- 25 Example 5 droxyethane-1,1-diph0sphonic acid at room temperature.
  • aqueous sulfuric acid containing g./l. iron, weight parts soda, phosphate andborax.
  • tihe P131 rinsed in water and immersed for 5 minutes in a 2 perslveitlon tll li i ih i t a td gfe siligiiziliite and 5 Cent by weight aqueous hydroxyethane-l,l-diphosphonic sur aces 0 e s ee acid solution at room temperature.
  • the sheets then were no flaws occurred upon enamelmg.
  • Example 3 Example 1, at -90 C.
  • the surfaces of the silverwhite W n degreased steel h t were t h d i h a 10 sheets thus obtained contained no iron compounds and percent sulfuric acid solution containing 50 g./ 1. iron at a 50 lent themselves to flawless enameling.
  • diphosphonic acid (calc. as free acid). 2 Lactic acid 2 Oxidic discoloration after Oxidic discoloration after passivation. passivationv 1 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid 4 do Do. 2 Monosodiumnitrilotriacetic acid 12 d0 Do.
  • Example 7 In the accompanying Table 1, results are listed as obtained with different pretreated solutions, as named, at otherwise like procedures and using like metal sheets.
  • cold rolled iron sheets first were treated at 80 C. with an alkaline cleanser, rinsed with water, and then etched at 50 C.
  • etching solutions a percent by weight aqueous HCl solution (process A) or a 10 percent by weight aqueous sulfuric acid solution (process B) were employed.
  • process A the solution also contained 4 percent by weight FeCl '4H O and 1 g./l. dibenzylsulfoxide as inhibitor.
  • process B 10 percent by weight FeSO -7H and 1 g./l. dibenzylsulfoxide were added to the etching solution. After etching by either method, the sheets were rinsed twice, whereby the pH in the first rinsing step was 1, in the second step 7.
  • the treatment time in each bath was 5 minutes, the intervening dwelling times in the air 1 minute.
  • Example 11 Well degreased iron sheets were rinsed with water and then etched for 5 minutes in a 10 percent by weight aqueous aminoethane-1,1-diph0sphonic acid solution at 60 C. Upon ensuing passivation, without intermediary rinsing, in a solution as described in Example 10, no precipitation of basic metal salts occurred. The sheets, after drying, showed a weakly bluish tempering color.
  • a process for the pretreatment of iron and steel sheet, after acid etching and prior to passivation preparatory to vitreous enameling, for the purpose of total removal of iron salts formed which comprises exposing said sheet for 1 to 15 minutes and at temperatures ranging from 5 to 90 C. to a 0.1 to 10 percent by weight aqueous solution of a compound selected from the group consisting of polyhydrocarboxylic acids having the formulae CH OH (CHOH) 3 COOH,
  • Example 8 Well degreased steel sheets were etched for 5 minutes in a 10 percent by weight aqueous sulfuric acid solution containing 50 g./1. iron and 1 g./l. dibenzylsulfoxide as inhibitor, at a bath temperature of 60 C., then rinsed with water. Thereafter, the sheets were treated for 10 minutes at 70 C. with a solution (series A) of 12 g./l. NiSO -H O in water, or (series B) of 15 g./l. CuSO -5H O in water.
  • Table 2 shows that in all instances when the pretreatment solutions as named were applied, metal surfaces were obtained which facilitated flawless vitreous enameling. This was not the case when the pretreatment according to the invention was omitted.
  • Example 9 Well degreased iron sheets were rinsed with water and etched in a 7.5 percent by weight aqueous solution of hydroxyethane-l,l-diphosphonic acid at 60 C. for 5 minutes. The sheets then were passivated as described in the preceding example. They could be enameled without exhibiting any flaws.
  • Example 10 Well degreased iron sheets were rinsed with water and etched for 5 minutes in a 5 percent by Weight aqueous solution of 1,3-dihydroxypropane-1,1,3,3-tetraphosphonic acid at 60 C. Passiv-ation followed without intermediary rinse, in a conventional bath consisting of a 1 per- Cir COOH(CHOH) -COOH, COOH(CHOH) COOH,.
  • gluconic acid saccharic acid, glucosaccharic acid, acids havwherein R is selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and a phenyl radical; n is a Whole number from 1 to 8; and X is selected from the group consisting of -OH and -NH water soluble salts of all those acids, and mixtures thereof.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
  • ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
US339338A 1963-01-29 1964-01-22 Preparation of metal surfaces for enameling Expired - Lifetime US3317340A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEH48090A DE1216066B (de) 1963-01-29 1963-01-29 Verfahren zur Behandlung von entfetteten und mit einer sauren Loesung gebeizten Metallober-flaechen vor dem Emaillieren
DEH48800A DE1223656B (de) 1963-01-29 1963-04-09 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Metalloberflaechen von dem Emaillieren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3317340A true US3317340A (en) 1967-05-02

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US339338A Expired - Lifetime US3317340A (en) 1963-01-29 1964-01-22 Preparation of metal surfaces for enameling
US339318A Expired - Lifetime US3368913A (en) 1963-01-29 1964-01-22 Process for the treatment of metal surfaces prior to enameling

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US339318A Expired - Lifetime US3368913A (en) 1963-01-29 1964-01-22 Process for the treatment of metal surfaces prior to enameling

Country Status (7)

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US (2) US3317340A (en&quot)
BE (1) BE642989A (en&quot)
CH (1) CH456295A (en&quot)
DE (2) DE1216066B (en&quot)
GB (2) GB1042122A (en&quot)
LU (1) LU45305A1 (en&quot)
NL (1) NL6400656A (en&quot)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3956536A (en) * 1971-11-05 1976-05-11 Henkel & Cie G.M.B.H. Surface pretreatment of steel prior to enameling
US4303546A (en) * 1969-04-05 1981-12-01 Benckiser-Knapsack Gmbh Process of treating aqueous heating media in heating systems, and composition
US4802990A (en) * 1987-07-30 1989-02-07 Inskeep Jr Eugene L Solution and method for dissolving minerals
US5736256A (en) * 1995-05-31 1998-04-07 Howard A. Fromson Lithographic printing plate treated with organo-phosphonic acid chelating compounds and processes relating thereto

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3519458A (en) * 1966-03-01 1970-07-07 Hooker Chemical Corp Method for reducing the corrosion susceptibility of ferrous metal having fluxing agent residue
SE406940B (sv) * 1974-04-13 1979-03-05 Collardin Gmbh Gerhard Forfarande for framstellning av fosfatbeleggningar med sprutningsmetoden pa jern och stal
US3973998A (en) * 1975-05-05 1976-08-10 Celanese Coatings & Specialties Company Rinsing solutions for acid cleaned iron and steel surfaces
DE3032226A1 (de) 1980-08-27 1982-04-01 Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf Verfahren und mittel zum passivieren von eisen- und stahloberflaechen
US4590100A (en) * 1983-10-28 1986-05-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Passivation of steel with aqueous amine solutions preparatory to application of non-aqueous protective coatings
DE3521952A1 (de) * 1985-06-20 1987-01-02 Henkel Kgaa Waessrige zusammensetzungen fuer den hilite- und flux-prozess und ihre verwendung
WO1996009994A1 (en) * 1994-09-26 1996-04-04 E.R. Squibb & Sons, Inc. Stainless steel alkali treatment
ES2247593T3 (es) * 1994-09-26 2006-03-01 Steris, Inc. Tratamiento acido de acero inoxidable.
EP1652969A1 (en) * 2004-10-28 2006-05-03 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Deruster composition and method
JP4799908B2 (ja) * 2005-05-30 2011-10-26 株式会社アルバック 表面処理方法
US20070065587A1 (en) * 2005-08-26 2007-03-22 Hatle Loren L Method for removal of surface contaminants from substrates
DE102012104951A1 (de) * 2012-06-08 2013-12-12 Stockmeier Chemie GmbH & Co.KG Verwendung einer phosphonsäure- und/oder phosphonsäurederivathaltigen Lösung bei der Entfettung von Metalloberflächen, entfettende Lösung und Verfahren zur Entfettung einer Metalloberfläche
US10030310B1 (en) 2015-02-05 2018-07-24 Clean Metal Technologies, LLC Methods for removal of reaction sites on metal surfaces and application of a nanotube containing protecting coating
US11028489B2 (en) 2019-03-29 2021-06-08 Corrosion Exchange Llc Surface treatment composition and methods for use

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2318559A (en) * 1941-04-30 1943-05-04 Monsanto Chemicals Material for and process of pickling copper or its alloys
US2981634A (en) * 1958-10-20 1961-04-25 Pfizer & Co C Process for treating ferrous metals

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2836566A (en) * 1954-01-27 1958-05-27 Detrex Chem Ind Cleaning composition and method
GB821094A (en) * 1954-09-14 1959-09-30 Dow Chemical Co Improved method for descaling surfaces
US2932584A (en) * 1958-02-28 1960-04-12 Robertson Co H H Enameling of aluminum alloys
NL252277A (en&quot) * 1959-06-04
US3067070A (en) * 1961-02-01 1962-12-04 Charles M Loucks Cleaning method for industrial systems
NL131372C (en&quot) * 1961-03-15

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2318559A (en) * 1941-04-30 1943-05-04 Monsanto Chemicals Material for and process of pickling copper or its alloys
US2981634A (en) * 1958-10-20 1961-04-25 Pfizer & Co C Process for treating ferrous metals

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4303546A (en) * 1969-04-05 1981-12-01 Benckiser-Knapsack Gmbh Process of treating aqueous heating media in heating systems, and composition
US3956536A (en) * 1971-11-05 1976-05-11 Henkel & Cie G.M.B.H. Surface pretreatment of steel prior to enameling
US4802990A (en) * 1987-07-30 1989-02-07 Inskeep Jr Eugene L Solution and method for dissolving minerals
US5736256A (en) * 1995-05-31 1998-04-07 Howard A. Fromson Lithographic printing plate treated with organo-phosphonic acid chelating compounds and processes relating thereto
US5738944A (en) * 1995-05-31 1998-04-14 Howard A. Fromson Lithographic printing plate treated with organo-phosphonic acid chelating compounds and processes related threreto
US5738943A (en) * 1995-05-31 1998-04-14 Howard A. Fromson Lithographic printing plate treated with organo-phosphonic acid chelating compounds and processes related thereto

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1223656B (de) 1966-08-25
GB1042690A (en) 1966-09-14
GB1042122A (en) 1966-09-14
DE1216066B (de) 1966-05-05
NL6400656A (en&quot) 1964-07-30
BE642989A (en&quot) 1964-07-27
CH456295A (de) 1968-05-15
US3368913A (en) 1968-02-13
LU45305A1 (en&quot) 1965-01-27

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