US3243516A - Pushbuton selection - Google Patents

Pushbuton selection Download PDF

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Publication number
US3243516A
US3243516A US261267A US26126763A US3243516A US 3243516 A US3243516 A US 3243516A US 261267 A US261267 A US 261267A US 26126763 A US26126763 A US 26126763A US 3243516 A US3243516 A US 3243516A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
conductors
interrogating
voltage
conductor
signalling
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US261267A
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English (en)
Inventor
Herter Eberhard
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International Standard Electric Corp
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International Standard Electric Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical International Standard Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3243516A publication Critical patent/US3243516A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/42—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/26—Devices for calling a subscriber
    • H04M1/515—Devices for calling a subscriber by generating or selecting signals other than trains of pulses of similar shape, or signals other than currents of one or more different frequencies, e.g. generation of dc signals of alternating polarity, coded pulses or impedance dialling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/22—Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing
    • H04M3/2272—Subscriber line supervision circuits, e.g. call detection circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
    • H04Q1/18—Electrical details
    • H04Q1/30—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents
    • H04Q1/38—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using combinations of direct currents of different amplitudes or polarities over line conductors or combination of line conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements

Definitions

  • a problem in the aysmmetrical D.C. signalling methods is the signal criterion, which is a signal for indicating on the receiving end when selection signals are being emitted.
  • Loop interruption is commonly used as the criterion. This loop interruption occurs when the grounded terminal of a battery in a circuit is switched over to the two interrogating voltages of same polarity.
  • the evaluation of the signal criterion practically is a third interrogation step and, consequently, results in a considerable reduction of the signalling time. Any change in the voltage drop at the supply resistors regardless of whether one, both or no conductor is grounded is indicative of signalling.
  • Still a further object is to provide an asymmetrical D.C. signalling system that is not affected by wide variations in supply voltage.
  • the asymmetrical D.C.signalling method is characterized in this, (l) the polaritiesof the interrogating voltages are different at each interrogating step, (2) the interrogating voltages for the iirst current direction are applied even if the signalling device is in a non-operated, rest position, (3) for the iirst interrogating direction on the transmititng end only those code elements will be used (one of two or no conductor grounded), after loop interruption on the transmitting end which effect a change in potential on one or both conductors of the line, and (4) the signal criterion and the signal itself for the first interrogating direction is represented simultaneously by the potential changes up to the value of an interrogating voltage.
  • the voltages of the first interrogating step are re-applied, so that the end of signalling can be supervised. If more combinations are desired, closing of the loop for the second interrogating direction can be used, according to the invention, as an additional code element. Detection of this element from the code element both conductors grounded Will be initiated on the receiving end so that one interrogating voltage will be switched off. This detection in a third interrogating step is required because the potential conditions on both conductors are practically the same in both code elements mentioned above. If, however, one voltage will be switched olf, there are other potential conditions which mark either one or the other of the two code elements. After the third interrogation the voltages are restored to the values of the voltages of the first interrogating step.
  • a rectifier provided for the asymmetrical signalling is also used -to form the additional code element.
  • the loop is interrupted only after closing of the respective signal contacts.
  • FIG. 1 shows a circuit embodying the principle of the invention signalling method
  • FIG. 2 shows the signalling code
  • FIG. 3 shows the voltage conditions for the evaluation device.
  • FIG. 1 shows the circuitry of the telephone set 1 connected with the exchange oice ready for speaking via break contact 2 and the hookswitch 3.
  • the signals are evaluated by the measuring devices M1 and M2 which evaluate the voltages Va between conductor a and ground and Vb between conductor b and ground according to amplitude and polarity.
  • the telephone set is supplied the two interrogating voltages V1 and V2 in such a Way that the conductor a initially receives negative, and the conductor b receives positive potential.
  • FIG. 2 shows the combinations possible with the signalling method according to the invention.
  • both conductors grounded in the first interrogating direction cannot be used, because in 4the following loop interruption the voltages Va and Vb remain unchanged. In both cases, Va and Vb are practically of the same value. Only a small change in voltage occurs because the resistor in the subset cannot be made arbitrarily small.
  • the conductor is not grounded, the voltage in the conductors a, b reaches the value of the interrogating voltage V1 or V2 respectively. If the conductor is grounded, ka voltage Va or Vb respectively is obtained which rises from zero to a value dened by ⁇ the maximum line resistance and the supply resistors R. If, for example, the maximum line resistance equals the supply resistor, Va or Vb respectively receive voltage values up to half the voltage V1 or V2 respectively. These voltages Va and Vb are always of different polarity in the rst two interrogating steps.
  • Va is negative and smaller than half the voltage V1.
  • Vb is positive and smaller .than half the voltage V2 and always stays constant.
  • Contact 2 opens responsive to the operation of any of the keys K1-K7.
  • Vb will have the value of V2.
  • the voltage Va rises to V1.
  • both conductors are not grounded for the first interrogating step, applicable for the combinations 11 to 15, the two voltages Va and Vb change to V1 or V2 respectively.
  • the -criterion for signalling may be clearly derived.
  • the voltage conditions on the conductors a and b prevailing when receiving this signal criterion are the first part of ⁇ the D.C.code signal. After evaluation of :these voltages practically simultaneously with the evaluation of the signal criterion the circuit is switched over to the second interrogating-current direction.
  • the negative interrogating voltage V1 is applied to conductor b and the positive interrogating voltage V2 to the conductor a.
  • the code elements of the second interrogating step are either one wire grounded or .the other Wire grounded, both wires grounded or no wire grounded. Consequently, the voltage conditions on the conductors change.
  • the polarity of both voltages Va and Vb change with different code elements.
  • the .amplitude of the voltages also depends on the code element. If conductor a is grounded, Vb takes the value of V1. If conductor b is grounded, the voltage Va rises to voltage V2, and if both conductors are grounded, both voltages remain small. Since, however, ⁇ the code element conductors connected is used too as indicated by the key k7 of FIG. l these voltage conditions must be detected Whether they come from one or from the other code element. This necessitates a third interrogation.
  • Va and Vb both have low values and are of opposite polarity
  • the voltage source V1 will be separated from the conductor b via contact K10 responsive to the operation of the loop relay. If both conductors are grounded, only one voltage Va occurs with the same polarity as in the second interrogation. If, however, the code element loop closed -is given voltage Va and Vb will become positive with ⁇ the amount of voltage V2. As this example shows it is sucient to evaluate in the third interrogating step only one of the two voltages Vcz or Vb in order to receive ⁇ the information on the code element at hand.
  • FIG. 3 shows the voltage conditions of all combinations. The shaded voltage ranges depend on the line resistances. For evaluation it suffices to provide switching means responsive to the entire interrogating voltage but not responsive to the partial voltage due to the maximum line resistance. To distinguish between the combinations, iive switching means are suflicient, four of which are used in connection with the condition of the yiirst and second interrogating step (relay 1 4). The ifth switching means (Loop Relay) only participates in t-he third interrogating step to separate the signals 3 .and 4, 8 and 9 as Well as 13 and 1d..
  • a signalling arrangement for a pushbutton telephone dialling system comprising central oice equipment serving a plurality of two conductor lines, each having a subscriber station thereon, voltage supply means in said central oice having a positive voltage terminal for supplying a positive voltage with respect to ground and a negative voltage terminal for supplying negative vol-tage with respect to ground, interrogating means in said central ofce normally connecting said supply means in a rst interrogating position with said negative terminal Connected to the rst of said two conductors and said positive terminal connected to the second of said ltwo conductors, a plurality of digit signalling means in each of said stations selectively operable to mark said conductors in desired permutations and combinations, said permutations .and combination comprising individually grounding the first conductor, individually grounding the second conductor, grounding both conductors simultaneously, grounding neither of the conductors and connecting both conductors together, evaculating means in said central oice mounted between each of the conductors and vground
  • reverse means included in said interrogating means oper- .ated responsive to the operation of said evaluating means to connect said supply means in a second interrogating position with said .positive terminal connected to said first conductor said negative terminal connected to said second conductor -thereby changing the markings of said conductors and operating said evaluating means .to evaluate the marked conductors to determine the operated digit signalling means.
  • said means for evaluating includes a pair of polarized detector means connected to each of said conductors and wherein said markings from each of said digit signalling means operates a unique combination of said detector means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Interface Circuits In Exchanges (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Exchanges (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
  • Devices For Supply Of Signal Current (AREA)
US261267A 1962-03-01 1963-02-27 Pushbuton selection Expired - Lifetime US3243516A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEST18913A DE1160902B (de) 1962-03-01 1962-03-01 Unsymmetrisches Gleichstrom-Signalverfahren, insbesondere fuer die Tastwahl in Fernsprechanlagen
DEST20241A DE1173544B (de) 1962-03-01 1963-01-31 Unsymmetrisches Gleichstrom-Signalverfahren ueber zweiadrige Fernmelde-, insbesondere Fernsprechleitungen
DEST22144A DE1217460B (de) 1962-03-01 1964-05-21 Unsymmetrisches Gleichstrom-Tastwahlverfahren fuer Fernmelde-, insbesondere Fernsprechanlagen
DEST24001A DE1293873B (de) 1962-03-01 1965-06-19 Schaltungsanordnung zur Auswertung des Schleifenzustandes und zur Unterscheidung von Schleifenwiderstaenden einer Fernmelde-, insbesondere Fernsprechleitung
DEST24536A DE1278551B (de) 1962-03-01 1965-10-20 Schaltungsanordnung zur UEberwachung des Schleifenwiderstandes einer Fernmelde-, insbesondere Fernsprechleitung
DEST24545A DE1301841B (de) 1962-03-01 1965-10-22 Schaltungsanordnung zur Auswertung des Schleifenzustandes und zur Unterscheidung vonSchleifenwiderstaenden einer Fernmelde-, insbesondere Fernsprechleitung
DEST25275A DE1301373B (de) 1962-03-01 1966-04-23 Schaltungsanordnung zur Auswertung des Schleifenzustandes und zur Unterscheidung von Schleifenwiderstaenden einer Fernmelde-, insbesondere Fernsprechleitung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3243516A true US3243516A (en) 1966-03-29

Family

ID=27561697

Family Applications (6)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US261267A Expired - Lifetime US3243516A (en) 1962-03-01 1963-02-27 Pushbuton selection
US339230A Expired - Lifetime US3330914A (en) 1962-03-01 1964-01-21 Signalling systems
US555913A Expired - Lifetime US3525816A (en) 1962-03-01 1966-06-07 Loop supervision circuitry
US586526A Expired - Lifetime US3515809A (en) 1962-03-01 1966-10-13 Supervisory circuit arrangements
US632312A Expired - Lifetime US3546392A (en) 1962-03-01 1967-04-20 Coordinate matrix arrangement for supervision of loop conditions and for discerning loop resistances in a plurality of loops
US00042763A Expired - Lifetime US3748395A (en) 1962-03-01 1970-06-02 D.c. monitor circuit

Family Applications After (5)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US339230A Expired - Lifetime US3330914A (en) 1962-03-01 1964-01-21 Signalling systems
US555913A Expired - Lifetime US3525816A (en) 1962-03-01 1966-06-07 Loop supervision circuitry
US586526A Expired - Lifetime US3515809A (en) 1962-03-01 1966-10-13 Supervisory circuit arrangements
US632312A Expired - Lifetime US3546392A (en) 1962-03-01 1967-04-20 Coordinate matrix arrangement for supervision of loop conditions and for discerning loop resistances in a plurality of loops
US00042763A Expired - Lifetime US3748395A (en) 1962-03-01 1970-06-02 D.c. monitor circuit

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (6) US3243516A ( )
AT (2) AT289211B ( )
BE (9) BE643215A ( )
CH (4) CH411053A ( )
DE (7) DE1160902B ( )
GB (6) GB982220A ( )
NL (7) NL6506403A ( )
SE (2) SE335368B ( )

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3487174A (en) * 1964-08-17 1969-12-30 Int Standard Electric Corp Pulse transmission device for intertraffic equipment in loudspeaker private branch exchanges
US3697704A (en) * 1969-10-02 1972-10-10 Gen Electric Co Ltd Circuits for private automatic telephone exchange systems

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1762897B2 (de) * 1968-09-19 1971-06-03 Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG, 7000 Stutt gart Schaltungsanordnung zur auswertung des schleifenzustandes und zur unterscheidung von schleifenwiderstaenden in einer fernmelde insbesondere fernsprechleitung
FR2036211A5 ( ) * 1969-03-06 1970-12-24 Cit Alcatel
US3778555A (en) * 1971-07-19 1973-12-11 Digital Telephone Systems Inc Telephone subscriber line system intra call apparatus and method
US3740486A (en) * 1971-12-01 1973-06-19 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Telephone subscriber line dial pulse detector circuit
US3889073A (en) * 1974-03-06 1975-06-10 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Detection of series-resonant circuits connected across transmission paths
US3939308A (en) * 1974-09-27 1976-02-17 Gte Automatic Electric (Canada) Limited Electronic side of line detector
DE2547880C2 (de) * 1975-10-25 1981-09-24 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Schaltungsanordnung zur Erkennung von Betriebszuständen einer Teilnehmerleitung und zur Rufanschaltung sowie Rufabschaltung in Fernsprechvermittlungsanlagen
US4007335A (en) * 1975-11-12 1977-02-08 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Telephone line battery feed circuit
US4084214A (en) * 1976-05-13 1978-04-11 Ebco Industries, Ltd. Modular housing for electronic apparatus
NL7807961A (nl) * 1978-07-27 1980-01-29 Bell Telephone Mfg Impedantienetwerk en bewakingsketen voor een telecommu- nicatielynlus, welke dit netwerk gebruikt.
NL7904429A (nl) * 1979-06-06 1980-12-09 Philips Nv Stroomdetectie-inrichting voor een automatische telefooncentrale.
US4292473A (en) * 1979-08-06 1981-09-29 International Standard Electric Corporation Loop supervision circuit
US4359609A (en) * 1980-06-20 1982-11-16 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Circuit with feedback for controlling the impedance thereof
DE3036685C2 (de) * 1980-09-29 1985-10-03 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Schaltungsanordnung zur Indikation des Teilnehmerschleifenschlusses als Folge eines Rufs
US4454477A (en) * 1982-04-28 1984-06-12 At&T Bell Laboratories Loop current detector with threshold setting impedance
US4514595A (en) * 1982-06-10 1985-04-30 Northern Telecom Limited Active impedance line feed circuit
US4567328A (en) * 1984-05-23 1986-01-28 Burroughs Corp. Energy detection circuit for a facsimile system controller
US4581487A (en) * 1984-07-11 1986-04-08 Itt Corporation Universal DC feed for telephone line and trunk circuits
US10500979B1 (en) * 2017-06-30 2019-12-10 Suljo Pirija Charging system utilizing excess grid electricity

Citations (6)

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US2278410A (en) * 1940-10-08 1942-04-07 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Telephone system
US2306087A (en) * 1941-06-19 1942-12-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Key pulsing register circuit
US2364771A (en) * 1942-05-28 1944-12-12 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Telephone signaling system
US2400148A (en) * 1943-06-23 1946-05-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Telephone call transmitting device
US2495725A (en) * 1945-06-18 1950-01-31 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Pulse correcting repeater
US2712571A (en) * 1950-11-21 1955-07-05 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Signal system for telephone lines

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US2823263A (en) * 1953-03-30 1958-02-11 Nederlanden Staat Line circuit in a signalling system
BE536017A ( ) * 1954-02-26
US2895012A (en) * 1957-05-28 1959-07-14 Gen Telephone Lab Inc All trunk busy detection circuit
GB873523A (en) * 1958-07-04 1961-07-26 Ass Elect Ind Improvements relating to potential testing circuits
US3129289A (en) * 1959-06-26 1964-04-14 Itt Electronic line circuit
US3156778A (en) * 1959-12-24 1964-11-10 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Supervisory circuits for telephone subscriber's line
DE1112755B (de) * 1960-09-27 1961-08-17 Arnstadt Fernmeldewerk Schaltungsanordnung fuer Teilnehmer-schaltungen in elektronisch gesteuerten Fernsprechanlagen
BE754235A (fr) * 1969-08-05 1970-12-31 Western Electric Co Circuit de supervision pour lignes telephoniques

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2278410A (en) * 1940-10-08 1942-04-07 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Telephone system
US2306087A (en) * 1941-06-19 1942-12-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Key pulsing register circuit
US2364771A (en) * 1942-05-28 1944-12-12 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Telephone signaling system
US2400148A (en) * 1943-06-23 1946-05-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Telephone call transmitting device
US2495725A (en) * 1945-06-18 1950-01-31 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Pulse correcting repeater
US2712571A (en) * 1950-11-21 1955-07-05 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Signal system for telephone lines

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3487174A (en) * 1964-08-17 1969-12-30 Int Standard Electric Corp Pulse transmission device for intertraffic equipment in loudspeaker private branch exchanges
US3697704A (en) * 1969-10-02 1972-10-10 Gen Electric Co Ltd Circuits for private automatic telephone exchange systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL160135C (nl) 1979-04-17
GB1086775A (en) 1967-10-11
GB1150594A (en) 1969-04-30
NL6705711A ( ) 1967-10-24
NL6608420A ( ) 1966-12-20
GB1135786A (en) 1968-12-04
CH416755A (de) 1966-07-15
BE688760A ( ) 1967-04-24
BE663512A ( ) 1965-11-08
DE1217460B (de) 1966-05-26
BE682672A ( ) 1966-12-19
BE697422A ( ) 1967-10-24
SE358535B ( ) 1973-07-30
US3515809A (en) 1970-06-02
CH471510A (de) 1969-04-15
US3525816A (en) 1970-08-25
BE688530A ( ) 1967-04-20
BE643215A ( ) 1964-07-31
NL6506403A ( ) 1965-11-22
BE624790A ( )
US3546392A (en) 1970-12-08
AT289211B (de) 1971-04-13
DE1278551B (de) 1968-09-26
DE1293873B (de) 1969-04-30
CH434381A (de) 1967-04-30
BE633291A ( )
US3748395A (en) 1973-07-24
NL6614684A ( ) 1967-04-21
GB1135785A (en) 1968-12-04
GB1043643A (en) 1966-09-21
GB982220A (en) 1965-02-03
NL6614863A ( ) 1967-04-24
NL294136A ( )
US3330914A (en) 1967-07-11
DE1173544B (de) 1964-07-09
DE1301373B (de) 1969-08-21
SE335368B ( ) 1971-05-24
NL289634A ( )
DE1160902B (de) 1964-01-09
DE1301841B (de) 1969-08-28
AT299330B (de) 1972-06-12
CH411053A (de) 1966-04-15
NL160135B (nl) 1979-04-17
BE629064A ( )

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