US3168033A - Liquid-solid separating apparatus - Google Patents

Liquid-solid separating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3168033A
US3168033A US229629A US22962962A US3168033A US 3168033 A US3168033 A US 3168033A US 229629 A US229629 A US 229629A US 22962962 A US22962962 A US 22962962A US 3168033 A US3168033 A US 3168033A
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Prior art keywords
cylinder
piston
oil
press
sleeve
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US229629A
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English (en)
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Edward F Hansen
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Priority to DE19651502151 priority patent/DE1502151A1/de
Priority to BE667754D priority patent/BE667754A/xx
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
    • B30B9/06—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams co-operating with permeable casings or strainers
    • B30B9/067—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams co-operating with permeable casings or strainers with a retractable abutment member closing one end of the press chamber

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a press for separating liquids from solids, and more particularly to an hydraulic cage press for separating castor oil from the castor seed or bean.
  • extracting mechanism in the latter category is the extrusion press which uses an elongated screw rotating within a cylindrical cage.
  • the screw binds and compacts the castor beans and forces the ground material through a constriction at the discharge end of the cage.
  • the constriction causes pressure on the material to increase to a level where the oil is expressed through slots in the cage.
  • the beans are cooked or heated to a temperature in the range of i90-220 F. in order to coagulate the protein in the endosperm of the beans.
  • This type of extractor yields an inferior grade of oil.
  • Another type of extracting mechanism is known as the cage press which uses an hydraulic piston to force a ram into a perforated or slotted cylinder called a cage.
  • the cage is charged with beans heated to l40-l70 F.; a lower temperature than is required for the extrusion process.
  • the advancing ram squeezes the oil from the beans which then seeps radially to the perforated cage between the flattened beans.
  • the crude castor oil thus expressed has less suspended solids than the crude oil expressed from the ground beans in an extrusion press, and therefore can be clarified and ltered with a small filter pump and filter press installation.
  • Another advantage of hydraulically expressed castor oil is that it has a low free fatty acid. Still another advantage is that it can be bleached to a brighter color with less carbon black and bleaching clay.
  • This oil produced in the hydraulic cage press process and having superior physical and chemical properties, is known as cold pressed castor oil. It commands a higher price and is the preferred grade of castor oil for use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, light-colored surface coatings, dielectric oils, hydrogenated and urethane derivatives, and other applications.
  • Another object is to provide a press that can be operated rapidly and in a substantially continuous manner.
  • Another object is to provide a cage press having automatic feed and cake discharge mechanisms.
  • a further object is to provide an hydraulic power system which virtually eliminates contamination of the seed oil by the hydraulic Huid.
  • a still further object is to provide a unique means for sealing the discharge end of the cage press.
  • Another object is to provide a press that is inherently safe with all moving parts enclosed within the structure of the press.
  • Still further objects are to provide a cage press that is simple to erect and maintain; that has a low energy requirement per unit of capacity; that has a low labor requirement per unit of material processed; that has a low capital investment per unti of capacity; ⁇ and that produces an oil with superior chemical and physical properties.
  • FIG. l is a side-elevational view of the press with parts broken away and parts in section and further showing, diagrammatically, the hydraulic system which opcrates the pistons in the press.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the charging inlet and sliding sleeve with parts broken away and parts in section.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional View taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is an elevational View of the extraction cylinder showing the feeding operation of the press.
  • FIG. 5 is an elevational View of the extraction cylinder showing an oil extraction operation of the press.
  • FIG. 6 is an elevational view of the extraction cylinder showing a cake ejection operation of the press.
  • FIG. 7 is an elevational view of the extraction cylinder showing a piston retraction operation of the press.
  • FIG. 8 is a bottom plan view of the tie rod block and gate with the gate shown in the open position.
  • Cylinder 10 has a smooth internal bore of uniform diameter and a plurality of holes 11 spaced throughout the cylinder wall through which expressed oil flows.
  • Extraction cylinder 1t has a charging inlet 12 at the upper end thereof through which beans 13 are fed into the cylinder from hopper 14. Heated beans are stored in hopper 14 and fed by auger 15 to feed pipe 16 and then through charging inlet 12 into the extraction cylinder 18.
  • tie rod block 17 At the lower end of cylinder 10, which is the cake discharge end, is a tie rod block 17.
  • tie rods 18 are shown passing through tie rod block 17 at the lower end of cylinder 10 and head block 19 of main hydraulic cylinder Ztl at the upper end of cylinder 10.
  • the tie rods are secured to tie rod block 17 and head block 19 and thereby hold cylinder 10 directly to the main cylinder 20 instead of using external columns and cross heads as in the presses of the prior art.
  • tie rods 18 are threaded at their ends and secured to the tie rod block 17 and head block 19 by nuts 21.
  • head block 19 is supported by bracket 22 and securely maintains main cylinder 20 in axial alignment with cylinder 10.
  • the upper end of main cylinder 20 is supported by head block 23 and bracket 24.
  • a booster cylinder 25 is mounted in axial alignment With main cylinder 20 and cylinder 10.
  • Booster cylinder 25 is supported at its upper end by head block 26 and bracket 27.
  • the booster cylinder piston 28, booster cylinder piston rod 29, main cylinder 30, main cylinder piston rod 31, and the extractor piston 32 are asembled to move as a single unit within the press.
  • Head blocks 19 and 23 contain conventional sealing apparatus to maintain a tight seal on piston rods 29 and 31 to prevent leakage of fluid Vfrom one cylinder to another. This latter structure is important since it is desirable to prevent contamination of the expressed oil by the hydraulic fluid.
  • the lower end of extraction cylinder is provided with a trough 33 and a drain 34 for collecting and conveying the expressed oil to a storage tank (not shown).
  • FIGS. 1 and 8 The cake discharge mechanism is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 8 where numeral 35 designates the discharge gate which is slideably mounted below tie rod block 17.
  • Gate 35 is supported by a retaining plate 36 which is bolted to tie rod block 17 through spacers 37.
  • Gate 35 is Vreciprocated to open and closed positions by piston rod 38 which is actuated by piston 39 within hydraulic cylinder 40.
  • Hydraulic cylinder 40 is supported by brackets 41 and 41a attached to tie rod block 17 and retaining plate 36, respectively, and hydraulic uid is supplied by cylinder 40 through lines 42 and 43 from a source (not shown).
  • a trough 46 is provided below gate 35 to collect the ejected cake and to convey it by means of aguer 47 away from the press.
  • FIGS. l, 2 and 3 illustrate the charging inlet cut-olf mechanism which consists of a sleeve 48 which is slideably mounted within cylinder 10.
  • Sleeve 48 has an inwardly directed llange 49 at the lower end thereof which supports helical spring 50.
  • Spring 50 is a compression spring and tends to force sleeve 48 in a direction away from head block 19.
  • piston 32 When piston 32 is retracted it contacts sleeve 48 and overcomes the force of spring 50 to withdraw sleeve 48 from over the charging inlet 12. This allows beans to enter cylinder 10 to provide a charge for the next pressing operation.
  • spring 50 forces sleeve 48 axially within cylinder 10 to cover charging inlet 12, as shown in phantom in FIG.
  • Stop pin 51 slides in groove 52 in the internal surface of cylinder 10 and abuts a shoulder 53 to thereby limit the axial movement of sleeve 48 within the cylinder.
  • This construction within the cylinder provides an automatic cut-off mechanism for the charging inlet 12 which operates in timed relation with the movement of piston 32. Not only does it provide an automatic cut-olf means, but it provides a means whereby beans may be fed by gravity into cylinder 10 and also provides a means which will positively prevent the feeding of beans behind piston 32.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates, diagrammatically, a preferred hydraulic system which may be used with this invention.
  • a source of hydraulic fluid is provided at 54 and the piston rod assembly is advanced and retracted by admiting hydraulic fluid from a pumping system 55 to the small diameter booster cylinder 25 through the directional valve 56.
  • the action of the booster cylinder 28 alone will extract between 70 and 80% of the recoverable oil from the beans.
  • valve 57 is turned to the FIG.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 illustrate the sequence of operation of the press.
  • the operation of the press starts, as illustrated by FIG. 4, with gate 35 in the closed position and a plug or cake 61 of pressed beans in the lower portion of the cylinder 10 directly above gate 35.
  • This plug 61 has been left from the preceding pressing operation and acts as a seal for the following operation.
  • Piston 32 and cut-olf slide 48 are in the retracted position and beans 13 are entering inlet 12 to fill cylinder 10.
  • directional valve 56 for booster cylinder 25 is positioned, as shown in FIG. 1, to advance the rod assembly.
  • the advancing extractor piston 32 crushes the beans, as shown in FIG. 5, and causes the extracted oil to seep radially to the holes 11 in cylinder 10.
  • the slide gate 35 When the desired amount of oil is expressed from the beans, the slide gate 35 is moved to the open position by the action of piston 39 within hydraulic cylinder 40.
  • aperture 44 When aperture 44 is in alignment with aperture 45 of reta'ming plate 36 the piston 32 will eject that portion of the cake that extends below the upper portion of gate 35 when piston 32 is fully extended.
  • the portion of the ejected cake is shown at 62 in FIG. 6 and the portion of the cake that remains in tie rod block 17 and cylinder 10 is shown at 61.
  • a triple piston and rod lassembly is an inherently rigid structure that, regardless of position, does not place eccentric loads on the seals and cause them to fail prematurely.
  • valve 56 may be positioned by any suitable means.
  • the cycling flexibility which is inherent to this press and its controls is essential for the economic operation of an oil mill. For example, during a season when bean supplies are low it may be preferable to crush continuously with a long holding period under high pressure to extract the maximum quantity of oil. During a season when beans are in abundant supply, as during harvest, it may be more protable to shorten the press cycle, with a corresponding lower yield of oil, in order to raise the daily crushing capacity. The loss of income from the lower yield of oil caused by the reduced rate of crushing may be offset by a reduction in inventory and storage charges.
  • tamping operations may be performed on a series of small charges fed into the extraction cylinder.
  • the tamping pressures may range from 1000 to 1200 pounds per square inch and may be applied entirely by the booster cylinder.
  • a total holding pressure of 5000 pounds per square inch is possible to express the maximum quantity of oil from the beans.
  • Apparatus for separating oil from seeds comprising an elongated perforated cylinder, said cylinder having a charging inlet in the cylinder wall spaced from a first end of said cylinder, means for feeding seeds into said inlet, an extractor piston mounted for reciprocal movement within said cylinder, means for reciprocating said piston, a sleeve slidably mounted within said cylinder between said piston and said lirst end, means for biasing said sleeve axially within said cylinder in a direction away from said irst end, stop means for limiting the axial movement of said sleeve adjacent said inlet to close said inlet, said sleeve being retracted toward said first end to open said inlet by contact between said piston and said sleeve during the movement of said piston toward said iirst end and gate means adjacent a second end of said cylinder for opening and closing said second end.
  • Apparatus for separating oil from seeds comprising an elongated perforated cylinder, said cylinder having a charging inlet in the cylinder wall spaced from a first end or" said cylinder, means for feeding seeds into said inlet, an extractor piston mounted for reciprocal movement Within said cylinder, means for reciprocating said piston, a sleeve slidably mounted within said cylinder between said piston and said first end, a spring for biasing said sleeve axially within said cylinder in a direction away from said first end, stop means tor limiting the axial movement of said sleeve adjacent said inlet to close said inlet, said sleeve being retracted toward said first end to open said inlet by contact between said piston and said sleeve during the movement of said piston toward said rst end, gate means operable to open and close a second end of said cylinder, said gate means comprising a plate mounted for reciprocal movement substantially perpendicular to the axis of said cylinder, and means for reciproc

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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US229629A 1962-10-10 1962-10-10 Liquid-solid separating apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3168033A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US229629A US3168033A (en) 1962-10-10 1962-10-10 Liquid-solid separating apparatus
DE19651502151 DE1502151A1 (de) 1962-10-10 1965-07-28 Presse
BE667754D BE667754A (forum.php) 1962-10-10 1965-08-02

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US229629A US3168033A (en) 1962-10-10 1962-10-10 Liquid-solid separating apparatus
DEC0036522 1965-07-28
BE667754 1965-08-02

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Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3290919A (en) * 1963-12-18 1966-12-13 Cincinnati Milling Machine Co High pressure hydraulic forming press
US3383754A (en) * 1967-01-10 1968-05-21 Rheem Mfg Co Fluid driven mechanism with protective stroke for applying a clip around a casing
US3635152A (en) * 1969-12-04 1972-01-18 Olmsted Products Co Hydraulic press
US3802635A (en) * 1972-06-12 1974-04-09 Wehrle Werk Ag Installation for removing fats from meat pulp and for producing meat meal
US4019984A (en) * 1974-04-13 1977-04-26 Gesellschaft Fur Strahlen- Und Umweltforschung Mbh Continuous filter with pressing means
US4165283A (en) * 1976-10-28 1979-08-21 Industrial Pollution Control Corp. Multi-stage purification system
FR2510474A1 (fr) * 1981-08-03 1983-02-04 Maguin Ste Nle Ets Dispositif d'extraction de liquide par pressage
US4377108A (en) * 1981-05-26 1983-03-22 M. Schaerer A.G. Coffee-making machine
US4630535A (en) * 1984-10-12 1986-12-23 Regents Of The University Of Minnesota Method and apparatus for de-watering biomass materials in a compression drying process
US5236583A (en) * 1992-05-20 1993-08-17 Wang Yiu Te High-pressure/vacuum operated apparatus for sewage and mud disposal
US5364539A (en) * 1994-02-16 1994-11-15 Vanmark Corporation Method and means for screening solids from a liquid medium
US5391069A (en) * 1993-06-10 1995-02-21 Bendzick; Ervin J. Apparatus for compacting metal shavings
US5524534A (en) * 1995-08-15 1996-06-11 Dietel; Dale G. Dual hydraulic cylinder compacting apparatus
US5662036A (en) * 1996-02-28 1997-09-02 Compak Filter Services (Franchising) Inc. Compacting apparatus
US5664492A (en) * 1993-06-10 1997-09-09 Bendzick; Ervin J. Apparatus for compacting metal shavings
US5873304A (en) * 1994-03-10 1999-02-23 Ruf; Hans Compacting press
US6272981B1 (en) * 1998-06-05 2001-08-14 Fuji Machine Mfg. Co., Ltd. Chip compressing apparatus
US20040237809A1 (en) * 2001-08-29 2004-12-02 Mcintosh Malcolm John Coal dewatering system and method
ITPI20090092A1 (it) * 2009-07-23 2009-10-22 Bertini Simone Cantiere unico per la riduzione d'umidita' e il bricchettamento di materiali di scarto vegetale movimentato da una pressa idraulica verticale
US8033214B2 (en) 2005-08-23 2011-10-11 Putzmeister Solid Pumps Gmbh Device for delivering thick matter
CN102431196A (zh) * 2011-10-14 2012-05-02 李仁祯 一种立/卧式自动压榨机
US10646801B2 (en) * 2013-09-12 2020-05-12 Antel Aritma Tesisleri Insaat Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi Nozzle-brush automatic cleaning filter with motor reducer
US11060047B2 (en) * 2019-08-20 2021-07-13 Scott E. Craig Apparatus and method for extracting essential oils
US11090894B2 (en) * 2015-11-16 2021-08-17 United Arab Emirates University Metal chips compactor
US11554566B2 (en) * 2016-03-18 2023-01-17 Anaergia B.V. Door for solid waste press
US11931677B2 (en) * 2020-01-31 2024-03-19 Hydra Water Ab Separation device and method to separate contaminants from contaminated water
US12274962B2 (en) * 2018-04-15 2025-04-15 Amiad Water Systems Ltd. Control mechanism for self-cleaning filtration systems

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2484294B1 (fr) * 1980-06-17 1985-06-28 Lejeune Gwenole Procede et dispositif de traitement de produits humides
DK158149C (da) * 1987-03-31 1990-08-27 Optimal Miljoeteknik Aps Apparat til afvanding af slam
DE29916915U1 (de) 1999-09-27 2000-02-03 Dürmeier, Günter, 94166 Stubenberg Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von Trennungsgut, insbesondere von fäkalienhaltigem Rechengut einer Kläranlage

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US701882A (en) * 1901-08-16 1902-06-10 Daniel L Holden Press for ice-machines.
US755126A (en) * 1903-08-28 1904-03-22 Frank Fuerst Fruit-press.
US1071020A (en) * 1911-11-28 1913-08-26 Ellis Bartholomew Compressing and liquid-extracting machine.
GB195706A (en) * 1921-12-24 1923-03-26 Thomas Stanislaus Fildes Improvements in kitchen and like boilers
US1939556A (en) * 1932-03-10 1933-12-12 William F Kammer Household press for fruits and vegetables
US2145096A (en) * 1935-02-12 1939-01-24 Internat Carbonie Engineering Apparatus for solidifying and pressing carbon dioxide and the like
US2598016A (en) * 1950-04-17 1952-05-27 Hpm Dev Corp Apparatus for hot pressing powdered metals
US2705916A (en) * 1951-05-31 1955-04-12 Millgard Bror Manne Device for pressing out a fluid from a material in pieces
US2780989A (en) * 1953-03-04 1957-02-12 R H Guy Wood waste shaving and sawdust baler
US3005403A (en) * 1956-02-13 1961-10-24 Waldemar Lindemann Scrap metal baling press

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US701882A (en) * 1901-08-16 1902-06-10 Daniel L Holden Press for ice-machines.
US755126A (en) * 1903-08-28 1904-03-22 Frank Fuerst Fruit-press.
US1071020A (en) * 1911-11-28 1913-08-26 Ellis Bartholomew Compressing and liquid-extracting machine.
GB195706A (en) * 1921-12-24 1923-03-26 Thomas Stanislaus Fildes Improvements in kitchen and like boilers
US1939556A (en) * 1932-03-10 1933-12-12 William F Kammer Household press for fruits and vegetables
US2145096A (en) * 1935-02-12 1939-01-24 Internat Carbonie Engineering Apparatus for solidifying and pressing carbon dioxide and the like
US2598016A (en) * 1950-04-17 1952-05-27 Hpm Dev Corp Apparatus for hot pressing powdered metals
US2705916A (en) * 1951-05-31 1955-04-12 Millgard Bror Manne Device for pressing out a fluid from a material in pieces
US2780989A (en) * 1953-03-04 1957-02-12 R H Guy Wood waste shaving and sawdust baler
US3005403A (en) * 1956-02-13 1961-10-24 Waldemar Lindemann Scrap metal baling press

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3290919A (en) * 1963-12-18 1966-12-13 Cincinnati Milling Machine Co High pressure hydraulic forming press
US3383754A (en) * 1967-01-10 1968-05-21 Rheem Mfg Co Fluid driven mechanism with protective stroke for applying a clip around a casing
US3635152A (en) * 1969-12-04 1972-01-18 Olmsted Products Co Hydraulic press
US3802635A (en) * 1972-06-12 1974-04-09 Wehrle Werk Ag Installation for removing fats from meat pulp and for producing meat meal
US4019984A (en) * 1974-04-13 1977-04-26 Gesellschaft Fur Strahlen- Und Umweltforschung Mbh Continuous filter with pressing means
US4165283A (en) * 1976-10-28 1979-08-21 Industrial Pollution Control Corp. Multi-stage purification system
US4377108A (en) * 1981-05-26 1983-03-22 M. Schaerer A.G. Coffee-making machine
FR2510474A1 (fr) * 1981-08-03 1983-02-04 Maguin Ste Nle Ets Dispositif d'extraction de liquide par pressage
US4630535A (en) * 1984-10-12 1986-12-23 Regents Of The University Of Minnesota Method and apparatus for de-watering biomass materials in a compression drying process
US5236583A (en) * 1992-05-20 1993-08-17 Wang Yiu Te High-pressure/vacuum operated apparatus for sewage and mud disposal
US5391069A (en) * 1993-06-10 1995-02-21 Bendzick; Ervin J. Apparatus for compacting metal shavings
US5664492A (en) * 1993-06-10 1997-09-09 Bendzick; Ervin J. Apparatus for compacting metal shavings
US5542348A (en) * 1993-06-10 1996-08-06 Bendzick; Ervin J. Process for compacting metal shavings
US5364539A (en) * 1994-02-16 1994-11-15 Vanmark Corporation Method and means for screening solids from a liquid medium
US5873304A (en) * 1994-03-10 1999-02-23 Ruf; Hans Compacting press
US5524534A (en) * 1995-08-15 1996-06-11 Dietel; Dale G. Dual hydraulic cylinder compacting apparatus
US5662036A (en) * 1996-02-28 1997-09-02 Compak Filter Services (Franchising) Inc. Compacting apparatus
US6272981B1 (en) * 1998-06-05 2001-08-14 Fuji Machine Mfg. Co., Ltd. Chip compressing apparatus
US20040237809A1 (en) * 2001-08-29 2004-12-02 Mcintosh Malcolm John Coal dewatering system and method
US7383766B2 (en) * 2001-08-29 2008-06-10 Mte Research Pty Ltd Coal dewatering system and method
US8393265B2 (en) 2005-08-23 2013-03-12 Putzmeister Solid Pumps Gmbh Device for delivering thick matter
US8033214B2 (en) 2005-08-23 2011-10-11 Putzmeister Solid Pumps Gmbh Device for delivering thick matter
ITPI20090092A1 (it) * 2009-07-23 2009-10-22 Bertini Simone Cantiere unico per la riduzione d'umidita' e il bricchettamento di materiali di scarto vegetale movimentato da una pressa idraulica verticale
CN102431196A (zh) * 2011-10-14 2012-05-02 李仁祯 一种立/卧式自动压榨机
CN102431196B (zh) * 2011-10-14 2014-12-24 柳大海 一种立/卧式自动压榨机
US10646801B2 (en) * 2013-09-12 2020-05-12 Antel Aritma Tesisleri Insaat Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi Nozzle-brush automatic cleaning filter with motor reducer
US11090894B2 (en) * 2015-11-16 2021-08-17 United Arab Emirates University Metal chips compactor
US11554566B2 (en) * 2016-03-18 2023-01-17 Anaergia B.V. Door for solid waste press
US12274962B2 (en) * 2018-04-15 2025-04-15 Amiad Water Systems Ltd. Control mechanism for self-cleaning filtration systems
US11060047B2 (en) * 2019-08-20 2021-07-13 Scott E. Craig Apparatus and method for extracting essential oils
US11718811B2 (en) 2019-08-20 2023-08-08 Scott E. Craig Extracting essential oils
US12116547B2 (en) 2019-08-20 2024-10-15 Scott E. Craig Extracting essential oils
US11931677B2 (en) * 2020-01-31 2024-03-19 Hydra Water Ab Separation device and method to separate contaminants from contaminated water

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DE1502151A1 (de) 1969-05-08
BE667754A (forum.php) 1966-02-02

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